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Author : John T. Mannion
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)
Download or read book Experimental Research on the Interactions Between Carbon Nanotubes and DNA written by John T. Mannion and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mansoor Hassan S. Alshehri
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (969 download)
Download or read book Modelling Interaction of DNA with Carbon Nanostructures written by Mansoor Hassan S. Alshehri and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis focuses on the development of mathematical models for the interaction between deoxyribonucleic acid molecules (DNA) and certain carbon nanostructures. We model such atomic interactions by adopting the 6-12 Lennard-Jones potential and the continuum approach. The latter assumes that a discrete atomic structure can be replaced with an average constant atomic surface density of atoms that is assumed to be smeared over each molecule, in our case a DNA molecule and a carbon nanostructure. First, we develop a mathematical model for the interaction between a deoxyribonucleic acid molecule and a carbon nanotube, and we examine the storage of DNA molecules in carbon nanotubes. Following earlier authors, the carbon nanotube is modelled as a right circular cylinder, while the helical structure of the DNA molecule is modelled as a continuously twisted ribbon. We next determine the binding energies between DNA molecules interacting with a graphene sheet, and finally, we determine the binding energies of a C60 fullerene interacting with a DNA molecule. Experiments in nanotechnology are often expensive and time consuming, and mathematical models and numerical simulations are necessary to complement the efforts of experimentalists and to confirm observed experimental outcomes. Despite recent improvements in the rapidity of numerical simulations, they can be more time consuming than the direct evaluation of an analytical expression arising from a mathematical model, because of the large numbers of atoms and force-field calculations that may be involved. Although a mathematical model will necessarily include many assumptions and approximations, nevertheless often the main physical parameters and optimal configurations can be accurately predicted. The model calculations presented here for ideal systems, represent average outcomes, and generally there is good agreement with any existing numerical results that are obtained from more intensive computational schemes. Here, we model the mechanics of the encapsulation of DNA molecules in carbon nanotubes to determine the optimal carbon nanotube that encloses the DNA molecule. The total interaction energy is calculated from the continuum approximation, where the atoms in each structure are assumed to be smeared over the surfaces of an ideal cylinder and a twisted ribbon, and the optimal carbon nanotube to enclose the DNA molecule is derived as the minimum energy configuration. Moreover, the binding energies between the DNA molecule adsorbing onto a graphene surface are derived by minimizing the binding energies to determine the preferred locations of the DNA molecules with respect to the graphene sheet. Finally, the binding of C60 to a DNA molecule is investigated, again by adopting the continuum approximation for modelling nanostructures. In summary, the original contribution of this thesis is the development of ideal mathematical models and new analytical formulae for the interaction energy between deoxyribonucleic acid molecules and various types of carbon nanostructures, including carbon nanotubes, graphite, and C60 fullerene. The interaction energies between the DNA molecules and the nanostructures are determined analytically from the mathematical models and thus can be readily evaluated using standard computer algebra packages such as MAPLE and MATLAB. Hence, the interaction mechanisms and equilibrium configurations for a wide variety of systems might be fully and quickly investigated.
Author : Igor A. Levitsky
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1447148266
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (471 download)
Download or read book Photophysics of Carbon Nanotubes Interfaced with Organic and Inorganic Materials written by Igor A. Levitsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-22 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photophysics of Carbon Nanotubes Interfaced with Organic and Inorganic Materials describes physical, optical and spectroscopic properties of the emerging class of nanocomposites formed from carbon nanotubes (CNTs) interfacing with organic and inorganic materials. The three main chapters detail novel trends in photophysics related to the interaction of light with various carbon nanotube composites from relatively simple CNT/small molecule assemblies to complex hybrids such as CNT/Si and CNT/DNA nanostructures. The latest experimental results are followed up with detailed discussions and scientific and technological perspectives to provide a through coverage of major topics including: -Light harvesting, energy conversion, photoinduced charge separation and transport in CNT based nanohybrids -CNT/polymer composites exhibiting photoactuation; and -Optical spectroscopy and structure of CNT/DNA complexes. Including original data and a short review of recent research, Photophysics of Carbon Nanotubes Interfaced with Organic and Inorganic Materials makes this emerging field of photophysics and its applications available to academics and professionals working with carbon nanotube composites in fundamental and applied fields
Author : Dimitrios Tasis
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1782625828
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (826 download)
Download or read book Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites written by Dimitrios Tasis and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemically-modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit a wide range of physical and chemical properties which makes them an attractive starting material for the preparation of super-strong and highly-conductive fibres and films. Much information is available across the primary literature, making it difficult to obtain an overall picture of the state-of-the-art. This volume brings together some of the leading researchers in the field from across the globe to present the potential these materials have, not only in developing and characterising novel materials but also the devices which can be fabricated from them. Topics featured in the book include Raman characterisation, industrial polymer materials, actuators and sensors and polymer reinforcement, with chapters prepared by highly-cited authors from across the globe. A valuable handbook for any academic or industrial laboratory, this book will appeal to newcomers to the field and established researchers alike.
Author : Mary Elizabeth Hughes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (42 download)
Download or read book Studies of DNA-carbon Nanotube Interactions written by Mary Elizabeth Hughes and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently a new biomaterial consisting of a DNA-wrapped single-walled carbon nanotube, and known as a DNA/SWNT, has been discovered. The possible applications of this hybrid are varied and range from genomic sequencing to nanoscale electronics to molecular delivery. The realization of these potential applications requires more knowledge about the microscopic properties of this material. In this thesis, I present studies of: the orientation of nucleobases on the nanotube sidewall; the sequence and length dependence of the DNA-nanotube interaction; and solution conditions to manipulate the DNA/SWNT hybrid. The measurement of the UV optical absorbance of DNA/SWNT and the nucleotide absorbance from DNA/SWNT provide the first experimental confirmation that DNA binds to nanotubes through π-stacking. Because the hypochromic absorbance typical of π-stacked structures are expected to occur primarily for DNA dipole transitions that lie along the axis of the optically anisotropic SWNTs, the absorbance changes following binding of DNA to the nanotubes reveals the preferred orientation assumed by each of the four bound nucleotides with respect to the nanotube's long axis.
Author : Victor A. Bloomfield
Publisher : Sterling Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9780935702491
Total Pages : 854 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (24 download)
Download or read book Nucleic Acids written by Victor A. Bloomfield and published by Sterling Publishing Company. This book was released on 2000-04-17 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a comprehensive account of the structures and physical chemistry properties of nucleic acids, with special emphasis on biological function, this text has been organized to meet the needs of those who have only a basic understanding of physical chemistry and molecular biology.
Author : Daniel Roxbury
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781267373496
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (734 download)
Download or read book Sequence Dependent Interactions Between DNA and Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes written by Daniel Roxbury and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a biomedical collaboration with the Mayo Clinic, pathways for DNA-SWCNT internalization into healthy human endothelial cells were explored. Through absorbance spectroscopy, TEM imaging, and confocal fluorescence microscopy, we showed that intracellular concentrations of SWCNTs far exceeded those of the incubation solution, which suggested an energy-dependent pathway. Additionally, by means of pharmacological inhibition and vector-induced gene knockout studies, the DNA-SWCNTs were shown to enter the cells via Rac1-mediated macropinocytosis.
Author : Madeleine Breshears
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (143 download)
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of DNA - Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes and Their Interactions with Small Molecules written by Madeleine Breshears and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are "one dimensional" allotropes of carbon that exist in single- or multi-walled forms. Single-walled CNTs have an array of fascinating electronic, magnetic, and mechanical properties and can be functionalized in order to manipulate these properties. This research project is focused on investigating how DNA-functionalized carbon nanotubes interact with small molecules-specifically Cisplatin, chosen to act as a model for covalently binding drugs. By sonicating Salmon Testes DNA with raw single-walled CNTs, DNA wraps around the nanotubes in a helical fashion, thus solubilizing the CNTs. The goal of our work is to characterize and understand DNA-wrapped carbon nanotubes (DNA-CNTs) as hybrid molecules via Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Procedural preparation, purification, and drug dosage were all explored. AFM images confirmed the wrapping was successful. Using Raman spectroscopy to study the radial breathing modes of the DNA-CNTs, our work was able to monitor changes in the resonant diameter of the hybrid molecules, providing information regarding the wrapping "character" of the DNA as it interacted with the drug. This research project elucidated how DNA-CNTs respond to Cisplatin, providing useful information regarding the potential for DNA-CNTs to act as in vivo biosensor.
Author : Suresh Manohar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781124006253
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (62 download)
Download or read book DNA---carbon Nanotube Interactions written by Suresh Manohar and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several physical factors governing the hybrid formation are identified. First detailed molecular dynamics study of DNA-CNT hybrid formed between a CNT and single homopolymer ssDNA strands are reported. Compared to large stacking interaction between the base and CNT, the barrier for lateral movement is small which makes the CNT surface frictionless. Ignoring the hydrogen bonding interactions, base-CNT adhesion and the electrostatic repulsion due to charged backbone are the main interactions. A simple model predicts a tightly wrapped structure.
Author : Oxana Malysheva
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (76 download)
Download or read book Charged Entities Interacting with Electronically Responsive Structures with Implications for the Modeling of Interactions Between Carbon Nanotubes and DNA written by Oxana Malysheva and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Germarie Sanchez-Pomales
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789533070544
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (75 download)
Download or read book DNA-Wrapped Carbon Nanotubes: From Synthesis to Applications written by Germarie Sanchez-Pomales and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical functionalization of CNTs is currently one of the most efficient methods for increasing their solubility, for facilitating their use as standard chemical reagents and for combining their unique properties with those of other materials with interesting characteristics. Chemical functionalization of CNTs by DNA has drawn much attention in the past years, since DNA-CNT hybrids can take advantage of the unique properties of the nanotubes and the outstanding recognition capabilities of DNA. Particularly, non-covalent functionalization of CNTs by DNA wrapping is a relatively simple procedure that produces a distinct chemical entity in aqueous solution due to the strong non-covalent interaction between the DNA strands and the CNTs. Non-covalent functionalization of CNTs by DNA increases the solubility of the tubes in aqueous solution, and has the benefits of purifying the nanotubes, facilitating separation applications, and allowing further functionalization of CNTs without altering their unique properties. DNA-CNT complexes are more manageable than as-received CNTs, and their assembly into different solid substrates has been reported. Additionally, the DNA strands have offered additional recognition capabilities to the system, and have therefore allowed the use of DNA-CNT complexes as sensors for biomolecules, ions and gases, as a biosensor for DNA hybridization, and as biological transporters. The optimization of the current methods available for the controllable integration of the DNA-CNT hybrids into solid substrates is a desirable goal, since it provides opportunities for additional applications of these complexes as sensors. For example, the modification of CNTs with DNA aptamers (Chen et al., 2009) and molecular beacons, and their application as ion, protein or DNA sensors are interesting potential areas of research. Furthermore, additional studies, both theoretical and experimental are needed in order to solve the current discrepancy on whether DNA.
Author : Davide Pantarotto
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (834 download)
Download or read book Synthesis, Characterisation and Biological Activity of Functionalised Carbon Nanotubes written by Davide Pantarotto and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon nanotubes (CNT) consist of graphene sheets rolled-up into a tubular form. Since their discovery, they appeared immediately as an interesting material for technological applications, including for instance the fabrication of nanoelectronic components. Recently, CNT have also attracted much attention for their potential in biological applications. The main difficulty to integrate this material into biological systems derives from its complete lack of solubility in organic solvents and aqueous solutions. The ability to solubilise and separate individual CNT is still a great challenge. A very general way to achieve this is by organic functionalisation, which is a rapidly expanding field.In this thesis, I focused my interests on the synthesis and use of the first water soluble side-wall functionalised carbon nanotubes. I employed the 1,3-dipolar cicloaddition of azomethine ylides to carbon nanotubes. I have demonstrated that it is possible to further derivatise them by coupling single N-protected amino acids. This was the first step towards the preparation of covalently linked peptide-carbon nanotube conjugates. In this context, I have developed a powerful strategy for linking bioactive peptides to carbon nanotubes for immunological applications.Immobilisation of peptides to the external walls of carbon nanotubes may find interesting applications in diagnostics, vaccine and drug delivery or multipresentation of bioactive molecules.For this aim, peptides with immunological properties were selected for their coupling to the external surface of the CNT. The immunological reactivity and the peptide recognition were assessed by a peptide specific antibody using surface plasmon resonance and ELISA test.These experiments showed that the peptide linked to CNT retain its conformational characteristics for antibody recognition. Furthermore, biological studies performed in vivo demonstrated that CNT-peptide conjugates elicited high antibody titers. Significant pathogen neutralising capacity was observed for the antibodies induced by CNT-peptide conjugates. This highlights: 1) the potential of carbon nanotubes for vaccine delivery, and 2) the importance of antigen presentation in vivo for the induction of antibodies with the right specificity.Functionalised carbon nanotubes have been showed able to cross the cell membrane and to accumulate in the cytoplasm or reach the nucleus without being toxic for the cell up to 10 μM concentration. These findings highlight the potential use of peptide-carbon nanotube conjugates for diagnostic purposes and pave the way for their application in vaccine and drug delivery. Although the elucidation of the mechanism of entry requires further investigations, I excluded active ATP dependent endocytosis. This is because inhibitors of endosome-mediated translocation and decrease of the incubation temperature did not prevent cellular uptake of the different functionalised CNT. In addition, TEM images revealed the tubes crossing the cell membrane as nano-needles without any perturbation or disruption of the membrane.Cell viability after treatment with functionalised nanotubes has also been largely investigated. Highly soluble functionalised CNT in aqueous biological media exhibited notably reduced cellular toxicity in vitro. Cell viability was studied using flow cytometry.Following the synthesis of positively charged carbon nanotubes I investigate their interaction with plasmid DNA. The cationic-anionic interaction between CNT and DNA has been characterised by different techniques both qualitatively and quantitatively. TEM, photocorrelation spectroscopy, SPR and electrophoresis allowed to describe the stability of the CNT-DNA complexes. The condensation of genetic material onto the carbon nanotubes was then confirmed and biological test were performed. The excellent ability of the ammonium functionalised carbon nanotubes to enter cells and potentially reach their nuclei was exploited for the delivery of plasmid DNA. In vitro experiments showed a high level of gene expression when mammalian cells were transfected with DNA-CNT complexes. The following success obtained in in vivo treatment of mice, highlighted the possibility to use this system for gene delivery in gene therapy. Preliminary comparative gene expression data between functionalised CNT:DNA and commercially available lipid:DNA delivery systems showed that our first generation CNT-based gene delivery system is less efficient for in vitro transfection than the lipid:DNA system. However, there is a lot of room for further improvement of the carbon nanotube system for gene delivery.In conclusion, in this Thesis it was possible to develop and characterise a new chemical macromolecular architecture exploitable as new tool for molecular delivery, and molecular recognition. The further development of carbon nanotube chemistry, the optimisation of their interaction with biomolecules and their use in biomedical applications represent the future perspectives of this research.
Author : Knut Rurack
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780470552698
Total Pages : 800 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (526 download)
Download or read book The Supramolecular Chemistry of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials written by Knut Rurack and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-04-07 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The combination of supramolecular chemistry, inorganic solids, and nanotechnology has already led to significant advances in many areas such as sensing, controlled motion, and delivery. By making possible an unprecedented tunability of the properties of nanomaterials, these techniques open up whole new areas of application for future supramolecular concepts. The Supramolecular Chemistry of Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials gathers current knowledge on the subject and provides an overview of the present state and upcoming challenges in this rapidly growing, highly cross- or interdisciplinary research field. The book details how these designed materials can improve existing materials or generate novel functional features such as chemical amplification, cooperative binding and signal enhancement that are difficult or not at all achievable by classical organic supramolecular chemistry. It also discusses issues related to nanofabrication or nanotechnology such as the directed and controlled assembly or disassembly, biomimetic functions and strategies, and the gating and switching of surface functions or morphology.
Author : Oxana Vasilievna Kharissova
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319629506
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)
Download or read book Solubilization and Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes written by Oxana Vasilievna Kharissova and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes a series of contemporary techniques and their combinations used for CNTs solubilization, from physical to chemical and biological, applying inorganic and organic compounds, as well as some metal complexes. In some cases, successive steps can be applied, for instance the use of low and high-weight surfactants, or mineral acid treatment for creation of –OH and –COOH groups and their further interaction with organic molecules. Each discussed method leads to an improvement of CNT solubility, frequently a considerable one. The formed dispersions can be stable for long periods of time, from several weeks to some months, and they sometimes even remain stable after centrifugation. Several special studies have been carried out in the areas of influence of solvent and light on CNTs dispersibility, combinations and abilities of surfactants, CNT cytotoxicity, etc. Applications of solubilized CNTs are discussed in this book as well.
Author : Akshaya Shankar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781339839431
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (394 download)
Download or read book Sequence Dependent Interactions and Recognition Between DNA and Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes written by Akshaya Shankar and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hybrids of single stranded DNA and single walled carbon nanotubes have proven very successful in separating various chiralities and, very recently, enantiomers of carbon nanotubes using aqueous two-phase separation. This technique sorts objects based on small differences in hydration energy, which is related to corresponding (small) differences in structure. Separation by handedness requires that a given ssDNA sequence adopt different structures on the two SWCNT enantiomers. Here we study the physical basis of such selectivity using a coarse grained model to compute the energetics of ssDNA wrapped around an SWCNT. Our model suggests that difference by handedness of the SWCNT requires spontaneous twist of the ssDNA backbone. We also show that differences depend sensitively on the choice of DNA sequence.
Author : Giampaolo Zuccheri
Publisher : IWA Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1780401086
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (84 download)
Download or read book Detection of Pathogens in Water Using Micro and Nano-Technology written by Giampaolo Zuccheri and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2012-08-14 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detection of Pathogens in Water Using Micro and Nano-Technology aims to promote the uptake of innovative micro and nano-technological approaches towards the development of an integrated, cost-effective nano-biological sensor useful for security and environmental assays. The book describes the concerted efforts of a large European research project and the achievements of additional leading research groups. The reported knowledge and expertise should support in the innovation and integration of often separated unitary processes. Sampling, cell lysis and DNA/RNA extraction, DNA hybridisation detection micro- and nanosensors, microfluidics, together also with computational modelling and risk assessment can be integrated in the framework of the current and evolving European regulations and needs. The development and uptake of molecular methods is revolutionizing the field of waterborne pathogens detection, commonly performed with time-consuming cultural methods. The molecular detection methods are enabling the development of integrated instruments based on biosensor that will ultimately automate the full pathway of the microbiological analysis of water. Editors: Giampaolo Zuccheri, University of Bologna, Italy and Nikolaos Asproulis, Cranfield University, UK
Author : Rüdiger Klingeler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642148026
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)
Download or read book Carbon Nanotubes for Biomedical Applications written by Rüdiger Klingeler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-09 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the potential of multi-functional carbon nanotubes for biomedical applications. It combines contributions from chemistry, physics, biology, engineering, and medicine. The complete overview of the state-of-the-art addresses different synthesis and biofunctionalisation routes and shows the structural and magnetic properties of nanotubes relevant to biomedical applications. Particular emphasis is put on the interaction of carbon nanotubes with biological environments, i.e. toxicity, biocompatibility, cellular uptake, intracellular distribution, interaction with the immune system and environmental impact. The insertion of NMR-active substances allows diagnostic usage as markers and sensors, e.g. for imaging and contactless local temperature sensing. The potential of nanotubes for therapeutic applications is highlighted by studies on chemotherapeutic drug filling and release, targeting and magnetic hyperthermia studies for anti-cancer treatment at the cellular level.
