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Experimental Characterisation And Modeling Of A Vanadium Redox Flow Battery
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Book Synopsis Experimental Characterisation and Modeling of a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery by : Mohd Rusllim Mohamed
Download or read book Experimental Characterisation and Modeling of a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery written by Mohd Rusllim Mohamed and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the summarization of work on experimental characterisation and modeling of a vanadium redox flow battery (V-RFB). This thesis presents background material and motivation factors of the studies; research goals, a review of previous work and discussion on related issues with respect to energy storage technologies, emphasising on V-RFB system. The aim of the study is to investigate the performance of V-RFB through experimental characterisation of V-RFB at different operating parameters and develop electrical circuit modeling of V-RFB. Preliminary experiment on 100 cm2 unit cell laboratory unit V-RFB has helped in familiarising with V-RFB setup and its design weaknesses and factors leading the cell into failure mode are highlighted. Based on observation on 100 cm2 unit cells, new design of 25 cm2 unit cell laboratory unit V-RFB has been proposed with an improvement of efficiency and reduction of contact resistance are observed. Theoretically studies by using Faraday's law of electrolysis and Nernst equation are used to relate the equilibrium cell's potential with the concentration changes in vanadium species, back-up with experimental data from a divided, open-circuit potentiometric cell approach. Two different approaches has been presented, with newly proposed approach of a divided, open-circuit potentiometric cell, via Hg/Hg2SO4 reference electrodes and graphite rod working electrodes present superiorities in estimating the state-of-charge (SOC) of V-RFB. System characterisation has been carried-out for the new 25 cm2 unit cell laboratory unit V-RFB under different of operating parameters such as current densities, temperatures, flow rates, concentrations and material properties. The cell exhibits highest energy efficiency at 82.1 %, operating at 308 K, 60 mA cm-2 current density and 3 cm3 s-1 volumetric flow rate for 250 cm3 (each reservoir) of 1.6 mol dm-3 V(III)/V(IV) in 4 mol dm-3 H2SO4. Formation charge of mixture of vanadium species into single electro-active species at positive and negative electrodes are highlighted. A method for estimating the V-RFB to complete its formation charge using electrochemical calculation of Faraday's constant are also presented. New equivalent electric circuit model for V-RFB has been proposed which consists of an open-circuit cell potential in series of ohmic internal resistance and the parallel n-RC network. Extended Kalman filter is used for parameter identification of dynamic characterisation of V-RFB. Numerical simulations are compared to experimental data at different pulse voltages at few SOCs and experimental charge-discharge characterisation of V-RFB system, demonstrating good agreement.
Book Synopsis Experimental Study and Performance Characterization of a Single-cell Vanadium Redox Flow Battery by : Rabiul Islam
Download or read book Experimental Study and Performance Characterization of a Single-cell Vanadium Redox Flow Battery written by Rabiul Islam and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Model-based Design and Optimization of Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries by : Sebastian König
Download or read book Model-based Design and Optimization of Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries written by Sebastian König and published by . This book was released on 2017-09-13 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, a holistic approach is used to develop a multi-physical model of the Vanadium Redox Flow Battery on a system level. The model is validated with experimental data from three flow battery manufacturers and is then deployed in an extensive parameter study for designing a flow battery cell. Using finite element analysis (FEA), twenty-four different cell designs are derived, which vary in electrode area and the design of the electrolyte inlet and outlet supply channels. The performance of the designs is then simulated in a single-stack and a three-stack string system. The presented model is also deployed in a flow rate optimization study. Here, a novel strategy involving the model-based optimization of operation-points defined by state-of-charge and charging or discharging current is presented and compared to conventional flow rate control strategies. Finally, a stack voltage controller is introduced, which prevents the violation of cell voltage limits as long as the pump capacity is not fully utilized.
Book Synopsis Validation of a two-dimensional model for vanadium redox-flow batteries by : Maik Becker
Download or read book Validation of a two-dimensional model for vanadium redox-flow batteries written by Maik Becker and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2020-05-11 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Redox-Flow batteries can play a crucial role in the future electricity supply in order to balance the time lag between the generation of electrical energy from photovoltaics or wind power and the demand for electrical energy. However, to deploy the technology on a large scale, significant cost reductions are required. A thorough knowledge of the reactions and processes taking place within a redox-flow battery is very helpful for this task and this knowledge can be significantly improved by using a suitable mathematical model to describe the processes in a single cell of a redox-flow battery. Nevertheless, this requires a valid model that has been compared with experimental data and that can reproduce these data plausibly and validly. In this thesis, the validation of a two-dimensional model for the description of potential and current density distributions in the porous electrodes of a vanadium redox-flow battery is presented, taking into account effects of kinetics and mass transport. Newly developed potential probes are used for in-situ measurement of solid and liquid phase potentials within a single cell of a vanadium redox-flow battery. The description of the measured cell voltage and potential probe signals by the model reveals a good congruence between the model and the experimental data, so the model can be regarded as valid. Additional suggestions for improvements of the model and the implementation of further models describing membrane crossover effects or electrolyte properties are given.
Download or read book Flow Batteries written by Christina Roth and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-12-06 with total page 1510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flow Batteries The premier reference on flow battery technology for large-scale, high-performance, and sustainable energy storage From basics to commercial applications, Flow Batteries covers the main aspects and recent developments of (Redox) Flow Batteries, from the electrochemical fundamentals and the materials used to their characterization and technical application. Edited by a team of leading experts, including the “founding mother of vanadium flow battery technology” Maria Skyllas-Kazacos, the full scope of this revolutionary technology is detailed, including chemistries other than vanadium and organic flow batteries. Other key topics covered in Flow Batteries include: Flow battery computational modeling and simulation, including quantum mechanical considerations, cell, stack, and system modeling, techno-economics, and grid behavior A comparison of the standard vanadium flow battery variant with new and emerging flow batteries using different chemistries and how they will change the field Commercially available flow batteries from different manufacturers, their technology, and application ranges The pivotal role of flow batteries in overcoming the global energy crisis Flow Batteries is an invaluable resource for researchers and engineers in academia and industry who want to understand and work with this exciting new technology and explore the full range of its current and future applications.
Book Synopsis Modeling of an All-vanadium Redox Flow Battery and Optimization of Flow Rates by :
Download or read book Modeling of an All-vanadium Redox Flow Battery and Optimization of Flow Rates written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRBs) are competitive for large energy storage systems due to low manufacture and maintenance costs and high design flexibility. Electrolyte flow rates have significant influence on the performance and efficiencies of the batteries. High electrolyte flow rates improve energy efficiency while degrade the battery efficiency due to high pump power losses. Thus, flow rates are necessary to be optimized for battery efficiency improvement. In this paper, an electrochemical model is firstly proposed to describe the charge-discharge characteristics based on the experimental data. Then, an empirical method is introduced to analyze the energy consumption of pumps under various flow rates. The optimal flow rates are obtained by applying new criteria. The results show that VRBs obtain peak battery efficiencies at the optimal flow rates around 90cm3s−1 with respect to the proposed battery configuration. The optimal flow rates are provided as a reference for battery operations and control.
Book Synopsis Numerical Modeling of an All Vanadium Redox Flow Battery by :
Download or read book Numerical Modeling of an All Vanadium Redox Flow Battery written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We develop a capability to simulate reduction-oxidation (redox) flow batteries in the Sierra Multi-Mechanics code base. Specifically, we focus on all-vanadium redox flow batteries; however, the capability is general in implementation and could be adopted to other chemistries. The electrochemical and porous flow models follow those developed in the recent publication by [28]. We review the model implemented in this work and its assumptions, and we show several verification cases including a binary electrolyte, and a battery half-cell. Then, we compare our model implementation with the experimental results shown in [28], with good agreement seen. Next, a sensitivity study is conducted for the major model parameters, which is beneficial in targeting specific features of the redox flow cell for improvement. Lastly, we simulate a three-dimensional version of the flow cell to determine the impact of plenum channels on the performance of the cell. Such channels are frequently seen in experimental designs where the current collector plates are borrowed from fuel cell designs. These designs use a serpentine channel etched into a solid collector plate.
Book Synopsis Redox Flow Batteries by : Huamin Zhang
Download or read book Redox Flow Batteries written by Huamin Zhang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flow batteries have received attention in large-scale energy storage due to their flexible design, high safety, high energy efficiency, and environmental friendliness. In recent years, they have been rapidly developed and tested in a variety of scales that prove their feasibility and advantages of use. As energy becomes a global focus, it is important to consider flow battery systems. This book offers a detailed introduction to the function of different kinds of redox flow batteries, including vanadium flow batteries, as well as the electrochemical processes for their development, materials and components, applications, and near future prospects. Redox Flow Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications will give readers a full understanding of flow batteries from fundamentals to commercial applications.
Book Synopsis Performance Modeling and Flow Rate Optimization of Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries by : Mayank Kale
Download or read book Performance Modeling and Flow Rate Optimization of Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries written by Mayank Kale and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2020-08-19 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2020 in the subject Engineering - Power Engineering, grade: 9.0, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, language: English, abstract: There is a drastic capacity increase in the ocean, solar, and wind power based energy generation in recent years. Moreover, a larger increase is predicted in future years. Hence, we need a reliable, efficient, and cost-effective energy storage system to match up with the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources. Vanadium redox flow batteries are a promising option and are fast approaching commercialization owing to their unique characteristics like including independent scaling of power and energy density. However, there are various losses associated with the membrane, electrodes, and also due to mass transfer which limit its performance and further decrease battery capacity and efficiency. The first part of this study focusses on membrane thickness, mass transfer coefficients, electrode morphology, and current density to analyze the performance of the battery. The latter part describes the effect of flow rate on concentration overpotential, pressure losses, and pumping power to come up with an optimal variable flow rate strategy to maximize the battery capacity and system efficiency.
Book Synopsis Numerical and Experimental Study of New Designs of All-vanadium Redox Flow Batteries for Performance Improvement by : Mohammed Abdulkhabeer Ali Al-yasiri
Download or read book Numerical and Experimental Study of New Designs of All-vanadium Redox Flow Batteries for Performance Improvement written by Mohammed Abdulkhabeer Ali Al-yasiri and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Energy storage is envisioned as a key part of a renewable energy solution incorporated in a grid that overcomes two critical limits of renewable energy: intermittency and uncertainty. Among various technologies, a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) offers a promise because of its unique features such as long cycle life, separation of energy and power ratings, and capability of a deep discharge. The remaining challenges, however, include the limited application due to low energy density and complicated geometries. The complex geometry makes it difficult to optimize the performance and can cause a serious concern about leakage of the liquid. The goal of this dissertation is to resolve these challenges through modeling and experimental studies for newly-designed VRFB. The topic can be divided into three main efforts: flow field optimization by optimizing channels, new design for stability improvement and cost reduction, and a new concept of distributed VRFB. First, the effects of channel and length on battery performance were investigated based on 3D electrochemical models validated by experimental measurements. Second, to address the drawbacks of traditional VRFB, a new design has been introduced to increase reliability, reduce costs, and ease assembly. This battery has a small number of parts, which can more effectively prevent electrolyte leakage. Based on PVC (polyvinyl chloride) material, it solves the problem caused by electrolyte penetration by replacing existing graphite plate. Third, the development of a new distributed VRFB for transport systems addresses the problem of insufficient power, one of the main challenges of the flow system. This new technology is more efficient for space utilization, equal weight distribution, and fueling like a gasoline vehicle, reducing charge time"--Abstract, page iv.
Book Synopsis Electrochemical Engineering of All-vanadium Redox Flow Batteries for Reduced Ionic and Water Crossover Via Experimental Diagnostics and Multiscale Modeling by : Yasser Ashraf Gandomi
Download or read book Electrochemical Engineering of All-vanadium Redox Flow Batteries for Reduced Ionic and Water Crossover Via Experimental Diagnostics and Multiscale Modeling written by Yasser Ashraf Gandomi and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scalable and open architecture of redox flow batteries (RFBs) is a promising solution for large-scale energy storage. Among many chemistries developed for RFBs, all-vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) currently show great potential for widespread commercialization. VRFBs utilize vanadium ions with different oxidation states in the negative and positive electrolytes; this characteristic frees them from irreversible capacity decay as a function of electroactive species transport through the membrane (i.e. crossover). However, crossover of vanadium ions and water during the charge/discharge cycling not only results in a lost discharge capacity, but also has real-time influence on the cell performance.Several parameters affect solute and solvent crossover during cycling. In this dissertation, experimental data along with multiscale computational modeling tailored to quantify the contributions to capacity decay stemming from ion-exchange membrane properties (e.g. equivalent weight and degree of reinforcement), flow field design, electrolyte properties, and operating conditions. A major focus has been to understand the effect of the electrode/membrane interface on the capacity decay and contact resistance. Novel ex-situ conductivity cells have been devised to assess ionic conductivity of the ion-exchange membranes along with electrolytes leading to details on the impact of interfacial phenomena on ionic conductivity and crossover.To quantify the long-term influence of crossover, a unique set-up (we call it IonCrG: Ionic Crossover Gauge) was built and fabricated enabling real-time measurement of the ionic transport across the polymeric membrane using ultraviolet-visible (UV/Vis) spectroscopy. The IonCrG enables separation of contributions to crossover emerging from concentration and electrostatic potential gradients. To investigate the instantaneous impact of crossover on the performance, a real-time current density distribution diagnostic has been implemented for measuring the in-plane current density distribution.The insights gained from this suite of experimental diagnostics and multiscale modeling have inspired design of systems with enhanced performance and greatly decreased crossover losses. Novel cell topologies along with asymmetric electrolyte compositions were designed and engineered for mitigating the ionic crossover during the operation of VRFBs. The cell architecture as well as the electrolyte configuration proposed in this dissertation provides an inexpensive and passive solution for retaining capacity during extended cycling of aqueous RFBs.
Book Synopsis Fuel Cell Fundamentals by : Ryan O'Hayre
Download or read book Fuel Cell Fundamentals written by Ryan O'Hayre and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-05-02 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete, up-to-date, introductory guide to fuel cell technology and application Fuel Cell Fundamentals provides a thorough introduction to the principles and practicalities behind fuel cell technology. Beginning with the underlying concepts, the discussion explores fuel cell thermodynamics, kinetics, transport, and modeling before moving into the application side with guidance on system types and design, performance, costs, and environmental impact. This new third edition has been updated with the latest technological advances and relevant calculations, and enhanced chapters on advanced fuel cell design and electrochemical and hydrogen energy systems. Worked problems, illustrations, and application examples throughout lend a real-world perspective, and end-of chapter review questions and mathematical problems reinforce the material learned. Fuel cells produce more electricity than batteries or combustion engines, with far fewer emissions. This book is the essential introduction to the technology that makes this possible, and the physical processes behind this cost-saving and environmentally friendly energy source. Understand the basic principles of fuel cell physics Compare the applications, performance, and costs of different systems Master the calculations associated with the latest fuel cell technology Learn the considerations involved in system selection and design As more and more nations turn to fuel cell commercialization amidst advancing technology and dropping deployment costs, global stationary fuel cell revenue is expected to grow from $1.4 billion to $40.0 billion by 2022. The sector is forecasted to explode, and there will be a tremendous demand for high-level qualified workers with advanced skills and knowledge of fuel cell technology. Fuel Cell Fundamentals is the essential first step toward joining the new energy revolution.
Book Synopsis Physicochemical Hydrodynamics by : Ronald F. Probstein
Download or read book Physicochemical Hydrodynamics written by Ronald F. Probstein and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physicochemical Hydrodynamics: An Introduction aims to provide an introduction to physicochemical hydrodynamics (PCH), which deals with the interaction between fluid flow and physical, chemical, and biochemical processes. PCH has applications in many areas of science and technology and is a rapidly expanding field. Emphasis of this book is on rational theory and its consequences, with the purpose of showing the underlying unity of PCH, in which diverse phenomena can be described in physically and mathematically similar ways. The magic of this unity is shown in the similar manner in which solutes concentrate in a flow containing chemically reacting surfaces, reverse osmosis membranes, and electrodialysis membranes or the similarity of particle motions in sedimentation, centrifugation, ultrafiltration, and electrophoresis. Problems are included at the end of each chapter and are ordered following the sequence in which the material is set out. The questions range in difficulty, with most requiring an analytic development, but with some asking only for a descriptive answer. All problems are intended to illustrate the ideas presented, though often the solution goes beyond the explicit discussion in the book, with the answer constituting a generalization or extension of the text material. This book is an essential source of information for students majoring in the field of PCH.
Book Synopsis Flow Batteries, 3 Volume Set by : Christina Roth
Download or read book Flow Batteries, 3 Volume Set written by Christina Roth and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 2023-02-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flow Batteries The premier reference on flow battery technology for large-scale, high-performance, and sustainable energy storage From basics to commercial applications, Flow Batteries covers the main aspects and recent developments of (Redox) Flow Batteries, from the electrochemical fundamentals and the materials used to their characterization and technical application. Edited by a team of leading experts, including the “founding mother of vanadium flow battery technology” Maria Skyllas-Kazacos, the full scope of this revolutionary technology is detailed, including chemistries other than vanadium and organic flow batteries. Other key topics covered in Flow Batteries include: Flow battery computational modeling and simulation, including quantum mechanical considerations, cell, stack, and system modeling, techno-economics, and grid behavior A comparison of the standard vanadium flow battery variant with new and emerging flow batteries using different chemistries and how they will change the field Commercially available flow batteries from different manufacturers, their technology, and application ranges The pivotal role of flow batteries in overcoming the global energy crisis Flow Batteries is an invaluable resource for researchers and engineers in academia and industry who want to understand and work with this exciting new technology and explore the full range of its current and future applications.
Book Synopsis Energy Storage Devices by : M. Taha Demirkan
Download or read book Energy Storage Devices written by M. Taha Demirkan and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-12-18 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy storage will be a very important part of the near future, and its effectiveness will be crucial for most future technologies. Energy can be stored in several different ways and these differ in terms of the type and the conversion method of the energy. Among those methods; chemical, mechanical, and thermal energy storage are some of the most favorable methods for containing energy. Current energy storage devices are still far from meeting the demands of new technological developments. Therefore, much effort has been put to improving the performance of different types of energy storage technologies in the last few decades.
Book Synopsis The National Academies Summit on America's Energy Future by : National Research Council
Download or read book The National Academies Summit on America's Energy Future written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-12-03 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a growing sense of national urgency about the role of energy in long-term U.S. economic vitality, national security, and climate change. This urgency is the consequence of many factors, including the rising global demand for energy; the need for long-term security of energy supplies, especially oil; growing global concerns about carbon dioxide emissions; and many other factors affected to a great degree by government policies both here and abroad. On March 13, 2008, the National Academies brought together many of the most knowledgeable and influential people working on energy issues today to discuss how we can meet the need for energy without irreparably damaging Earth's environment or compromising U.S. economic and national security-a complex problem that will require technological and social changes that have few parallels in human history. The National Academies Summit on America's Energy Future: Summary of a Meeting chronicles that 2-day summit and serves as a current and far-reaching foundation for examining energy policy. The summit is part of the ongoing project 'America's Energy Future: Technology Opportunities, Risks, and Tradeoffs,' which will produce a series of reports providing authoritative estimates and analysis of the current and future supply of and demand for energy; new and existing technologies to meet those demands; their associated impacts; and their projected costs. The National Academies Summit on America's Energy Future: Summary of a Meeting is an essential base for anyone with an interest in strategic, tactical, and policy issues. Federal and state policy makers will find this book invaluable, as will industry leaders, investors, and others willing to convert concern into action to solve the energy problem.
Book Synopsis Modeling of a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Electricity Storage System by : Christian Blanc
Download or read book Modeling of a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Electricity Storage System written by Christian Blanc and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
