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Expansion Of Dryland Farming In The Pastoral Communities Of Southern Ethiopia
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Book Synopsis Expansion of dryland farming in the pastoral communities of southern Ethiopia by : Doyo Kena
Download or read book Expansion of dryland farming in the pastoral communities of southern Ethiopia written by Doyo Kena and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2022-11-07 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2021 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Regional Geography, , language: English, abstract: Decreasing productivity of the pastoral system arising from low pastoral development emphasis by both regional and central government and various environmental challenges are forcing pastoralists to practice unscrupulous land cultivation. This review paper aimed at presenting overview of the expansion of dryland farming, explores its drivers and prospect of pastoral livelihood among Ethiopian pastoralists. Analytical reviews that critically compare the finding of different research were used, and keywords were used as searching method. This review indicates that farming is expanding and becoming popular in pastoralist of southern Ethiopia. Pastoralism is in the dynamic condition than ever before due to multiple factor. Climate challenges, land degradation, land tenure insecurity, government policy on pastoralists settlements, conflicts, and socio-economic factors are the major drivers of dryland farming. Thus, traditionally mobile livestock keeping among pastoralists of southern Ethiopia is becoming tougher than ever before. Opportunistic farming in the area is serving as means of subsistence for poor pastoral drop out. Conversion of pastoral lands for cultivation is not appropriate strategy for environmental health as well sustainability of the pastoral system. Practicing only extensive pastoralism in the area is also rarely possible. Therefore, dryland farming should support livestock rearing in a way that assures environmental health and economic sustainability for pastoral communities.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251308985 Total Pages :52 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (513 download)
Book Synopsis Pastoralism in Africa’s drylands by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book Pastoralism in Africa’s drylands written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-10-29 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pastoral livestock production is crucial to the livelihoods and the economy of Africa’s semiarid regions. It developed 7,000 years ago in response to long-tern climate change. It spread throughout Northern Africa as an adaptation to the rapidly changing and increasingly unpredictable arid climate. It is practiced in an area representing 43% of Africa’s land mass in the different regions of Africa, and in some regions it represents the dominant livelihoods system. It covers 36 countries, stretching from the Sahelian West to the rangelands of Eastern Africa and the Horn and the nomadic populations of Southern Africa, with an estimate of 268 million pastoralists. The mobility of pastoralists exploiting the animal feed resources along different ecological zones represents a flexible response to a dry and increasingly variable environment. It allows pastoral herds to use the drier areas during the wet season and more humid areas during the dry season. It ensures pastoral livestock to access sufficient high-quality grazing and create economic value. The objectives of this report are to investigate the current situation of pastoralism and the vulnerability context in which pastoralism currently functions and to outline the policy, resilience programming, and research areas of intervention to enhance the resilience of pastoral livelihoods systems. Scholarly views of pastoralism’s ecological impact have grown more positive since the early 1990s, when a new understanding of dryland dynamics led to the so-called new rangeland paradigm. The new rangeland paradigm represents a shift in the wider discourse on pastoralism from the earlier debates based on the “tragedy of the commons.” The new rangeland paradigm has provided a more comprehensive understanding of the drylands and shown that mobility is an appropriate strategy to exploit the natural resource base in these areas. In recent decades, the adaptability and mobility of pastoralism in relation to resource variability have been undermined by factors that are embedded in the institutional environment and policy that shape the vulnerability context of pastoralism. The report analyzes five factors that undermine the pastoral livelihoods resilience and the implications of these factors for the viability of pastoralism. On the basis of the analysis of vulnerability contexts that shape pastoralism, the report identifies interventions for increasing pastoral resilience.
Author :Mitiku Haile Publisher :Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa, Organization for ISBN 13 : Total Pages :190 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Research and Development on Dryland Husbandry in Ethiopia by : Mitiku Haile
Download or read book Research and Development on Dryland Husbandry in Ethiopia written by Mitiku Haile and published by Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa, Organization for. This book was released on 2004 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book documents recent research undertaken on dryland husbandry in the north-eastern region of Ethiopia. The research was tailored to benefit pastoralists and agro-pastoralists, community leader, extension agents, local government officials and experts: in short, to put local people first. It adopted a grassroots, bottom up and participatory approach, and intends to further economic and social change in the area. Subjects addressed include indigenous knowledge systems, rangeland resources, range improvement through closure and reseeding trials; veterinary practices, water harvesting, forage trails, sorghum transplanting trials, fruit tree trails and participatory vegetable trials.
Book Synopsis Dryland Opportunities by : Michael Mortimore
Download or read book Dryland Opportunities written by Michael Mortimore and published by World Conservation Union. This book was released on 2009 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drylands cover 41 percent of the earth' s terrestrial surface. The urgency of and international response to climate change have given a new place to drylands in terms both of their vulnerability to predicted climate change impacts and their potential contribution to climate change mitigation. This book aims to apply the new scientific insights on complex dryland systems to practical options for development. A new dryland paradigm is built on the resources and capacities of dryland peoples, on new and emergent economic opportunities, on inward investment, and on the best support that dryland science can offer.
Book Synopsis The Borana Plateau of Southern Ethiopia by : David Layne Coppock
Download or read book The Borana Plateau of Southern Ethiopia written by David Layne Coppock and published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD). This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Land, Investment & Politics by : Jeremy Lind
Download or read book Land, Investment & Politics written by Jeremy Lind and published by Boydell & Brewer. This book was released on 2020 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the new challenges facing Africa's pastoral drylands from large-scale investments and how this might affect the economic and political landscape for the regions affected and their peoples.
Book Synopsis Pastoralism and Development in Africa by : Andy Catley
Download or read book Pastoralism and Development in Africa written by Andy Catley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A view of 'development at the margins' in the pastoral areas of the Horn of Africa highlights innovation and entrepreneurialism, cooperation and networking and diverse approaches rarely in line with standard development prescriptions. Through twenty detailed empirical chapters, the book highlights diverse pathways of development, going beyond the standard 'aid' and 'disaster' narratives.
Book Synopsis Strengthening the resiliency of dryland forest-based livelihoods in Ethiopia and South Sudan by : Steven Lawry
Download or read book Strengthening the resiliency of dryland forest-based livelihoods in Ethiopia and South Sudan written by Steven Lawry and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2015-08-20 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This literature review explores how political, economic and resource management policies and programs can reduce forest degradation and increase the contribution of forest goods and services to sustainable livelihood strategies. In Ethiopia, studies indicate that forest dependency is strong throughout the country, but the importance of forest income varies across different regions and wealth categories. Research suggests that improving forest product market governance is key to strengthening forest livelihood resiliency. Recent experiments with forest governance devolution have shown mixed results in terms of improving forest conditions and livelihoods. Smallholder land certification has met with considerable success, whereas participatory forest management schemes have positive ecological outcomes but fall short in terms of livelihood gains. In South Sudan, civil war has limited the depth and scope of research on dryland forests and livelihoods. Food security analyses indicate that the importance of forest income varies by region and season. Markets are poorly developed and forest governance systems are weak in many parts of the country. Key threats to forest livelihoods in both countries include: shifting climatic conditions, large-scale population movements, large-scale land acquisitions and weakened governance institutions; and in South Sudan, continuing violent conflict. In Ethiopia, research and policy reform should focus on the relationship between forest rights devolution, livelihoods, forest management practices and forest conditions as well as on the impacts of demographic change on forest-based livelihoods, forest management and forest cover. In South Sudan, research should focus on documenting the impacts of conflict on forest-based livelihoods with an view to structuring humanitarian aid programs in ways that mitigate the negative impacts.
Book Synopsis Valuing Variability by : International Institute for Environment and Development
Download or read book Valuing Variability written by International Institute for Environment and Development and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Putting Pastoralists on the Policy Agenda by : Eyasu Elias
Download or read book Putting Pastoralists on the Policy Agenda written by Eyasu Elias and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Resource Alienation, Militarisation and Development by : Mustafa H. M. Babiker
Download or read book Resource Alienation, Militarisation and Development written by Mustafa H. M. Babiker and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third volume in a series of studies by the East Africn Drylands Research Programme, a collaborative project between the University of Bergen, Norway and OSSREA, presents research papers by fourteen social anthropologists from Ethiopia, Norway, Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda. the work, as a whole, exposes the internal dynamics of the volatile political climate which forms the context, first in the East African drylands generally, and more specifically in the Horn of Africa; and elucidates the close relations between the different areas of research. Individual papers address issues of topical interest, such as: nomadic education and the future of traditional pastoralism; resource alienation; militarisation of local conflicts; local institutions; knowledge in resource management and conflict resolution; land tenure; arms smuggling in the East African drylands, contraband trade; and food aid.
Book Synopsis Prospects for Livestock-Based Livelihoods in Africa's Drylands by : Cornelis de Haan
Download or read book Prospects for Livestock-Based Livelihoods in Africa's Drylands written by Cornelis de Haan and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-11-14 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prospects for Livestock-Based Livelihoods in Africa's Drylands examines the challenges and opportunities facing the livestock sector and the people who depend on livestock in the dryland regions of Sub-Saharan Africa. It presents a novel way of thinking about pastoral development, grounded in a conceptual framework that focuses on the multiple shocks that drylands livestock keepers face and how those shocks can be addressed, drawing on a state-of-the-art literature review carried out by scientists of leading research institutes and development organizations, and integrating the results of an innovative approach to modeling development options for the drylands livestock sector. Looking to the future, the picture is mixed. On the positive side, demand for red meat is expected to strengthen in domestic and regional markets, suggesting that livestock keepers will have good market opportunities. On the negative side, a large majority of livestock keepers are classifi ed as poor, and the natural (feed) resource base is likely to be suffi cient to enable improved meat and milk production for the growing human population. Prospects for the livestock sector through 2030 vary by aridity zone. In arid and semi-arid zones, a reasonable goal for 2030 is to have land use, training, and microfi nance systems established that promote an appropriate balance between human and livestock carrying capacities, featuring mainly grassland/pastoral systems that reliably and sustainably satisfy the minimum income needs of herder households, produce at least a signifi cant part of the demand in local markets for animal source food, and provide environmental services for which livestock keepers receive compensation. The goal includes signifi cant employment generation outside the sector. In the higher rainfall zones of the semi-arid areas, and in the subhumid zones, a reasonable goal for 2030 is to have intensifi ed production systems established, featuring mainly mixed livestock/arable farming or agro-pastoral systems that are closely linked to nearby grassland/pastoral systems and that consistently generate marketable surpluses of differentiated red meat and livestock products that can compete not only in the expanding domestic market but also in selected regional markets.
Book Synopsis Risk and Social Change in an African Rural Economy by : John G. McPeak
Download or read book Risk and Social Change in an African Rural Economy written by John G. McPeak and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-07-21 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pastoralists’ role in contemporary Africa typically goes underappreciated and misunderstood by development agencies, external observers, and policymakers. Yet, arid and semi-arid lands (ASAL), which are used predominantly for extensive livestock grazing, comprise nearly half of the continent’s land mass, while a substantial proportion of national economies are based on pastoralist activities. Pastoralists use these drylands to generate income for themselves through the use of livestock and for the coffers of national trade and revenue agencies. They are frequently among the continent’s most contested and lawless regions, providing sanctuary to armed rebel groups and exposing residents to widespread insecurity and destructive violence. The continent’s millions of pastoralists thus inhabit some of Africa’s harshest and most remote, but also most ecologically, economically, and politically important regions. This study summarizes the findings of a multi-year interdisciplinary research project in pastoral areas of Kenya and Ethiopia. The cultures and ecology of these areas are described, with a particular focus on the myriad risks that confront people living in these drylands, and how these risks are often triggered by highly variable rainfall conditions. The authors examine the markets used by residents of these areas to sell livestock and livestock products and purchase consumer goods before turning to an analysis of evolving livelihood strategies. Furthermore, they focus on how well-being is conditioned upon access to livestock and access to the cash economy, gender patterns within households and the history of development activities in the area. The book concludes with a report on how these activities are assessed by people in the area and what activities they prioritize for the future. Policy in pastoral areas is often formulated on the basis of assumptions and stereotypes, without adequate empirical foundations. This book provides evidence on livelihood strategies being followed in pastoral areas, and investigates patterns in decision making and well being. It indicates the importance of livestock to the livelihoods of people in these areas, and identifies the critical and widespread importance of access to the cash economy, concluding that future development activities need to be built on the foundation of the livestock economy, instead of seeking to replace it.
Book Synopsis Assessment of Major Factors Affecting Pastoral Sustainable Livelihood. The Case of Borana, Southern Ethiopia by : Godana Huka Godana
Download or read book Assessment of Major Factors Affecting Pastoral Sustainable Livelihood. The Case of Borana, Southern Ethiopia written by Godana Huka Godana and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2023-10-12 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bachelor Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Business economics - Economic and Social History, Addis Ababa University (College of business and economics), course: Economics, language: English, abstract: The objective of this study is to assess the major factors affecting the sustainable livelihood of Borana pastoralist. This study specially focuses on drought, bush encroachment, resource base shrinkage, customary institution and development intervention policy. A qualitative survey research design was used. The purposive sampling technique was employed to select a sample from the population. Data was gathered through semi-structure interview and focused group discussion, and the collected data was analyzed through a descriptive method. This study found that recurrent drought, expansion in bush encroachment, resource base shrinkage, erosion in customary institution and current state development intervention policy has negatively affected the sustainable livelihood of Borana pastoralist.
Book Synopsis Agroforestry in Dryland Africa by : Dianne E. Rocheleau
Download or read book Agroforestry in Dryland Africa written by Dianne E. Rocheleau and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agroforestry as a popular science: introduction to agroforestry, participatory planning - processand methods, evaluating the project. Agroforestry practices: agroforestry in cropland, agroforestry with structura conservation measures, agroforestry for in-between places, agroforestry in pastures and rangelands. Tools for agroforestry research and extension.
Book Synopsis Drought. Its impacts on pastoral societies by : Bereket Assaye
Download or read book Drought. Its impacts on pastoral societies written by Bereket Assaye and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2020-07-30 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2017 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Meteorology, Aeronomy, Climatology, grade: A, Bahir Dar University (Institute of Disaster Risk Management and Food security Studies), course: SINER SEMINAR, language: English, abstract: This paper reviews the impact of drought on pastoral societies in their livelihood system. Livestock mortalities and morbidity, human morbidity, conflicts, food insecurity, reduction of livestock prices, and increase in food prices were among the socioeconomic impacts of drought experienced. Drought have also a great impact in pastoral society’s in terms of decreasing livestock trade and marketing, increasing conflict and insecurity, decrease the education and increase destitution among the societies. Drought is a major cause of poverty in pastoral communities. Pastoralists experience decline in levels of productivity from their herds following losses in livestock capital from deaths, low calving rates, low milk production and weight loss, which consequently reduce the market value of livestock through drought. It is therefore a fact that drought results in destruction and collapse of pastoralists livelihoods, dependence on food aid and long-term destitution. Furthermore, reduction of pastoralists’ purchasing power is one of the important economic effects of recurrent droughts. To cater for their nutritional and energy needs, pastoral communities purchase cereals and other foods with the proceeds from sales of livestock and livestock products.
Book Synopsis Dryland Husbandry in the Sudan by : Tegegne Teka
Download or read book Dryland Husbandry in the Sudan written by Tegegne Teka and published by OSSREA. This book was released on 2004 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sudan has the largest landmass of any African country, and two thirds of the land is arid or semi-arid desert. It is affected by drought, famine, increased desertification and depleting agricultural and livestock production. This book details activities carried out by the Dryland Husbandry Project in Sudan. This aims to involve pastoralists in the management and conservation of their resources, adopting a bottom up approach with the priorities of local people at heart. The study covers: project interventions in extension work, trail-based, action-orientated research, gender-based activities, policy dialogue, environmental profiling, activities of rangeland and water management and the role of women in livestock production.
