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Examining The Potential Relationships Between Social Capital Built Environment And Physical Activity
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Book Synopsis Examining the Potential Relationships Between Social Capital, Built Environment and Physical Activity by : Jennie Lynn Hill
Download or read book Examining the Potential Relationships Between Social Capital, Built Environment and Physical Activity written by Jennie Lynn Hill and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Associations Between Physical Activity, Neighborhood Built Environment Features, and Social Capital in the Rural Setting of Colorado’s San Luis Valley by : Julie Anna Rodriguez
Download or read book Associations Between Physical Activity, Neighborhood Built Environment Features, and Social Capital in the Rural Setting of Colorado’s San Luis Valley written by Julie Anna Rodriguez and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Chronic disease prevalence in the San Luis Valley of Colorado is disproportionately greater than the rest of the state. The benefits of physical activity (PA) on the prevention and successful management of chronic disease has been well demonstrated in the literature. Studies demonstrating relationships between the built environment (BE) and PA, and social capital and PA have largely focused on urban centers, with rural area studies being few and in some cases contradictory. This study will investigate the relationship between physical activity and objective measures of the built environment on a respondent’s street segment, self-reported access to environments for exercise in a respondent’s neighborhood, and social capital. Methods: The 2010 San Luis Valley Community Health Survey (n=1187) is a comprehensive cross-sectional survey about health and behaviors which included a street audit of the respondent’s street segment for BE features. Self-reported demographics, PA, and perceived access to environments for exercise were taken from the survey and linked to their respective street audits. Self-reported perceived access to BE features for exercise were compared against similar items from the street audits to determine whether they were in agreement. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression were performed to determine the relationship between the respective PA outcomes of total minutes of moderate and vigorous PA per week, and meeting PA recommendations with BE and social capital variables. Results: Higher levels of PA was associated with integration of natural land (p
Book Synopsis U.S. Health in International Perspective by : National Research Council
Download or read book U.S. Health in International Perspective written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-04-12 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is among the wealthiest nations in the world, but it is far from the healthiest. Although life expectancy and survival rates in the United States have improved dramatically over the past century, Americans live shorter lives and experience more injuries and illnesses than people in other high-income countries. The U.S. health disadvantage cannot be attributed solely to the adverse health status of racial or ethnic minorities or poor people: even highly advantaged Americans are in worse health than their counterparts in other, "peer" countries. In light of the new and growing evidence about the U.S. health disadvantage, the National Institutes of Health asked the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a panel of experts to study the issue. The Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries examined whether the U.S. health disadvantage exists across the life span, considered potential explanations, and assessed the larger implications of the findings. U.S. Health in International Perspective presents detailed evidence on the issue, explores the possible explanations for the shorter and less healthy lives of Americans than those of people in comparable countries, and recommends actions by both government and nongovernment agencies and organizations to address the U.S. health disadvantage.
Author :Transportation Research Board Publisher :Transportation Research Board ISBN 13 :0309094984 Total Pages :269 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (9 download)
Book Synopsis Does the Built Environment Influence Physical Activity? by : Transportation Research Board
Download or read book Does the Built Environment Influence Physical Activity? written by Transportation Research Board and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2005-01-11 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB Special Report 282: Does the Built Environment Influence Physical Activity? Examining the Evidence reviews the broad trends affecting the relationships among physical activity, health, transportation, and land use; summarizes what is known about these relationships, including the strength and magnitude of any causal connections; examines implications for policy; and recommends priorities for future research.
Book Synopsis Social Capital and Health by : Ichiro Kawachi
Download or read book Social Capital and Health written by Ichiro Kawachi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As interest in social capital has grown over the past decade—particularly in public health —so has the lack of consensus on exactly what it is and what makes it worth studying. Ichiro Kawachi, a widely respected leader in the field, and 21 contributors (including physicians, economists, and public health experts) discuss the theoretical origins of social capital, the strengths and limitations of current methodologies of measuring it, and salient examples of social capital concepts informing public health practice. Among the highlights: Measurement methods: survey, sociometric, ethnographic, experimental The relationship between social capital and physical health and health behaviors: smoking, substance abuse, physical activity, sexual activity Social capital and mental health: early findings Social capital and the aging community Social capital and disaster preparedness Social Capital and Health is certain to inspire a new generation of research on this topic, and will be of interest to researchers and advanced students in public health, health behavior, and social epidemiology.
Book Synopsis Social Capital and the Built Environment by : Zachary Vega
Download or read book Social Capital and the Built Environment written by Zachary Vega and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study builds off of the literature regarding the relatively new and popular theory of social capital to understand its relationship with the built environment. Social capital is best described as the accumulation of the perceived benefits that develop through interpersonal relationships and social networks. In this study, social capital is measured as trust in one's neighbors and one's perception of his or her neighborhood's cohesion. These social capital measures comprise the dependent variables. The independent variables include landscape factors such as housing type, median home values, Walk Score, vacancy, housing density, road conditions, blight/abandonment, junk piles/illegal dumping, street segment connectivity, street segment integration. The relationships between these landscape factors and social capital variables are discussed anecdotally and later tested using a linear regression model. This study finds no significant relationships between landscape factors and measures of social capital, although demographic controls such as access to a personal vehicle, education, employment status and income are found to have a significant relationship. However, regression analyses in this study are significant and indicate that landscape variables do account for around 20 percent of the variation in levels of social capital, though the effect of individual factors remains unclear. Therefore, the decisions of urban planners and landscape architects appear to contribute to the social connections of a place and future research should continue to estimate which factors play the greatest roles.
Book Synopsis Impact of Built and Social Environmental Factors That Encourage Walking Among Individuals by : Mohammad Rajaullah
Download or read book Impact of Built and Social Environmental Factors That Encourage Walking Among Individuals written by Mohammad Rajaullah and published by Grin Publishing. This book was released on 2017-07-13 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific Essay from the year 2017 in the subject Urban and Regional Planning, language: English, abstract: There has been a lot of research on the relationship between the built environment and walking activity; however numerous studies have created uncertain or conflicting results. In this research the aim is to look into the association of the built environment with walking activity by examining its impact in cities characterised by high-density development and a well-equipped public transportation system. The results show that neighbourhoods with a relatively higher land-use mix and relatively greater access to public transportation have a significantly positive association with walking activity for destinations that are within a 500 m radius of residences. However, no positive association was found between development density by land use and walking activity. Overall, the results of this study indicate that the relationship between the built environment and walking activity differs by neighbourhood scale and the urban built environment in terms of density and public transportation and walking attitudes of people across countries.
Book Synopsis Racial Diversity and Social Capital by : Rodney E. Hero
Download or read book Racial Diversity and Social Capital written by Rodney E. Hero and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-03-19 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Race and racial diversity are important aspects of America and have been shown to substantially affect social relations and the political system, often in ways inconsistent with the values of equality. However, greater civic association and a general sense of community, embodied in the concept of social capital, are said to have tremendous beneficial effects and profoundly influence American society. This 2007 study juxtaposes and critically assesses two bodies of research that have reached different conclusions on these issues. Is America's legacy of racial inequality an 'evil twin' of the benefits of social capital? By analysing the social outcomes for racial minorities, in addition to other dimensions of American politics, the author shows that the impact of racial diversity consistently outweighs that of social capital.
Book Synopsis The built environment and public health: New insights by : Linchuan Yang
Download or read book The built environment and public health: New insights written by Linchuan Yang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-02-06 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Built Environment and Public Health by : Igor Vojnovic
Download or read book The Built Environment and Public Health written by Igor Vojnovic and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Built Environment and Physical Activity by : Aquilla D. Hurd
Download or read book The Built Environment and Physical Activity written by Aquilla D. Hurd and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Individual Social Capital and Physical Activity in Riley County, KS by : David Pluta
Download or read book Individual Social Capital and Physical Activity in Riley County, KS written by David Pluta and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BACKGROUND: Resource-deficient social networks can have detrimental health effects on individuals. In part, this may result from limited engagement in health-related behaviors such as physical activity (PA). PA can lower one's risk for a variety of chronic diseases and promoting this behavior is a public health priority. Understanding the relationship between network-owned resources and PA behavior can help policymakers and health advocates develop comprehensive programs to promote health among those who are disadvantaged. Measurements of resources available through an individual's social network have previously been referred to as social capital (SC). This study set out to explore the relationship between SC and PA by testing the following hypotheses: (1) Individuals with low household income will report low levels of both SC and PA participation, (2) SC has a positive relationship with PA participation, (3) Individuals who engage in leisure-time PA with others will report higher levels of SC than those who do it alone, (4) Social support for PA mediates the relationship between SC and PA. METHODS: Data were obtained from residents of Riley County, KS (n=828) who completed a survey. One-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) were used to examine differences in SC (bonding, bridging, total) and PA (moderate, vigorous, total, leisure-time) between different income groups. Relationships between SC and PA variables were examined using Pearson product-moment correlations, while independent sample t-tests were used to identify differences in SC between those who did or did not meet recommended PA guidelines. ANOVAs were also used to identify differences in SC among those who primarily engage in leisure-time PA by themselves, with a partner, or with a group. Finally, the Sobel test was used to examine the mediating effect of social support for PA in all significant linear relationships between SC and PA variables. RESULTS: Social capital was highest among high-income groups (p
Download or read book Healthy Cities written by Chinmoy Sarkar and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2014-04-25 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mounting scientific evidence generated over the past decade highlights the significant role of our citiesê built environments in shaping our health and well-being. In this book, the authors conceptualize the •urban health nicheê as a novel approach to
Book Synopsis Explorations of Social Capital and Physical Activity Participation Among Adults on Christmas Island by : Poh Chin Lee
Download or read book Explorations of Social Capital and Physical Activity Participation Among Adults on Christmas Island written by Poh Chin Lee and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Truncated abstract] This research investigates social capital within the everyday space and actions of sociability on Christmas Island. The theory of social capital as proposed by Robert Putnam (1995) provides the framework for this investigation which was conducted in two phases. Quantitative and qualitative approaches and a mixed methods concurrent nested strategy were used in both phases of the investigation and the analyses. The analyses also incorporated multiple perspectives of both social capital and physical activity processes. In the first phase, I sought to: (a) uncover the determinants of social capital within the Christmas Island community; (b) develop a social capital typology; and (c) establish the relationship between the determinants of social capital and adults’ physical activity involvement. In all, 212 participants took part in the study . . . Overall, several factors affected women’s social capital and physical activity. These included: (a) women’s societal roles and positions; (b) household and cultural norms relating to gender-based time and space negotiations; (c) ideologies surrounding ethic of care; and (d) role commitment. These factors also influenced women’s recruitment into becoming active in their community. Network embeddedness and autonomy, assimilation and acculturation as well as language and knowledge competency further distinguished the community and physical activity status of European and Asian women. Analysis related to the two physical activity programmes in part 3 showed how various forms of latent social capital within the community can be synergized to produce physical activity benefits and empower inactive and minority-group women. Findings in this study also support trust as an important element in the establishment of relatedness in a physical activity setting.
Book Synopsis Making Healthy Places, Second Edition by : Nisha Botchwey
Download or read book Making Healthy Places, Second Edition written by Nisha Botchwey and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2022-07-12 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Making Healthy Places surveys the many intersections between health and the built environment, from the scale of buildings to the scale of metro areas, and across a range of outcomes, from cardiovascular health and infectious disease to social connectedness and happiness. This new edition is significantly updated, with a special emphasis on equity and sustainability, and takes a global perspective. It provides current evidence not only on how poorly designed places may threaten well-being, but also on solutions that have been found to be effective. Making Healthy Places is a must-read for students, academics, and professionals in health, architecture, urban planning, civil engineering, parks and recreation, and related fields.
Book Synopsis Social Epidemiology by : Lisa F. Berkman
Download or read book Social Epidemiology written by Lisa F. Berkman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-03-09 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows the important links between social conditions and health and begins to describe the processes through which these health inequalities may be generated. It reviews a range of methodologies that could be used by health researchers in this field and proposes innovative future research directions.
Book Synopsis Is the Association Between the Built Environment at School and Students' Physical Activity Moderated by the Social Environment by : Brenton Lawrence Gregnol Button
Download or read book Is the Association Between the Built Environment at School and Students' Physical Activity Moderated by the Social Environment written by Brenton Lawrence Gregnol Button and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surveillance data from 105 countries indicates that 80% of 13-15 year-olds do not meet the public health guideline of 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day. This is problematic as a lack of physical activity in young people is associated with physical, mental, and social health problems. Schools are a place where children and adolescents spend a large amount of their time and where they have several opportunities to engage in physical activity. The built and social environment of the school can influence the physical activity levels of students. The school built environment consists of the facilities that can encourage physical activity such as gymnasia, fields, and fitness rooms. This thesis looked at two aspects of the social environment: 1) school policies, programs, and practices (PPP) for physical activity, and 2) school social capital. School PPP includes things like having intramural sports. School social capital is based on the relationships formed at school. The purpose of this thesis was to determine whether selected features of the school social environment (social capital, school PPP for physical activity) changes the relationship between the school built environment and physical activity among 11-15 year-old Canadians. Information on the school social environment, school built environment and school time physical activity was gathered using a national representative survey called the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey (HBSC). The HBSC consists of a survey completed by grade 6-10 students in their classroom and a second 10 minute long survey completed by the principal of the participating schools. Results of this thesis indicate that the school built environment and school social capital were positively associated with school time MVPA, while school PPP had a slight negative association. School PPP altered the relationship between the built environment and physical activity. Specifically, the strongest positive association was between the built environment and MVPA levels in schools with few school PPP. However, school social capital did not alter the relationship between the built environment and MVPA. The results of this thesis can be useful in creating new school physical activity interventions.
