Evolutionary Restraints

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Evolutionary Restraints

Author : Mark E. Borrello
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226067025
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolutionary Restraints by : Mark E. Borrello

Download or read book Evolutionary Restraints written by Mark E. Borrello and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-10-15 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of the evolutionary debate since Darwin has focused on the level at which natural selection occurs. Most biologists acknowledge multiple levels of selection—from the gene to the species. The debate about group selection, however, is the focus of Mark E. Borrello’s Evolutionary Restraints. Tracing the history of biological attempts to determine whether selection leads to the evolution of fitter groups, Borrello takes as his focus the British naturalist V. C. Wynne-Edwards, who proposed that animals could regulate their own populations and thus avoid overexploitation of their resources. By the mid-twentieth century, Wynne-Edwards became an advocate for group selection theory and led a debate that engaged the most significant evolutionary biologists of his time, including Ernst Mayr, G. C. Williams, and Richard Dawkins. This important dialogue bled out into broader conversations about population regulation, environmental crises, and the evolution of human social behavior. By examining a single facet in the long debate about evolution, Borrello provides powerful insight into an intellectual quandary that remains relevant and alive to this day.

Multilevel Selection and the Theory of Evolution

Author : Ciprian Jeler
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319786776
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Multilevel Selection and the Theory of Evolution by : Ciprian Jeler

Download or read book Multilevel Selection and the Theory of Evolution written by Ciprian Jeler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-07 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book puts multilevel selection theory into a much needed historical perspective. This is achieved by discussing multilevel selection in the first half of the twentieth century, the reasons for the energetic rejection of Wynne-Edwards’ group selectionist stance in the 1960s, Elisabeth Lloyd’s contribution to the units of selection debate, Price’s hierarchical equation and its possible interpretations and, finally, species selection in macroevolutionary contexts. Another idea also seems to emerge from these studies; namely, that perhaps a more sure-footed position for multilevel selection theory would be acquired if we were to show a renewed interest in 'old group selection', i.e. in scenarios in which the differential reproduction of the groups themselves affects the frequencies of either individual-level or group-level traits. This book will be of interest to philosophers and historians of biology, as well as to theoretically inclined biologists who have an interest in multilevel selection theory.

Evolutionary Theory

Author : Niles Eldredge
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022642619X
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (264 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolutionary Theory by : Niles Eldredge

Download or read book Evolutionary Theory written by Niles Eldredge and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2016-09-23 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The natural world is infinitely complex and hierarchically structured, with smaller units forming the components of progressively larger systems: molecules make up cells, cells comprise tissues and organs that are, in turn, parts of individual organisms, which are united into populations and integrated into yet more encompassing ecosystems. In the face of such awe-inspiring complexity, there is a need for a comprehensive, non-reductionist evolutionary theory. Having emerged at the crossroads of paleobiology, genetics, and developmental biology, the hierarchical approach to evolution provides a unifying perspective on the natural world and offers an operational framework for scientists seeking to understand the way complex biological systems work and evolve. Coedited by one of the founders of hierarchy theory and featuring a diverse and renowned group of contributors, this volume provides an integrated, comprehensive, cutting-edge introduction to the hierarchy theory of evolution. From sweeping historical reviews to philosophical pieces, theoretical essays, and strictly empirical chapters, it reveals hierarchy theory as a vibrant field of scientific enterprise that holds promise for unification across the life sciences and offers new venues of empirical and theoretical research. Stretching from molecules to the biosphere, hierarchy theory aims to provide an all-encompassing understanding of evolution and—with this first collection devoted entirely to the concept—will help make transparent the fundamental patterns that propel living systems.

Structural Approaches to Sequence Evolution

Author : Ugo Bastolla
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540353062
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Approaches to Sequence Evolution by : Ugo Bastolla

Download or read book Structural Approaches to Sequence Evolution written by Ugo Bastolla and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-26 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in understanding the thermodynamics of macromolecules, the topological properties of gene networks, the organization and mutation capabilities of genomes, and the structure of populations make it possible to incorporate these key elements into a broader and deeply interdisciplinary view of molecular evolution. This book gives an account of such a new approach, through clear tutorial contributions by leading scientists.

Evolutionary Aesthetics

Author : Eckart Voland
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783540436706
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (367 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolutionary Aesthetics by : Eckart Voland

Download or read book Evolutionary Aesthetics written by Eckart Voland and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-06-12 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evolutionary aesthetics is the attempt to understand the aesthetic judgement of human beings and their spontaneous distinction between "beauty" and "ugliness" as a biologically adapted ability to make important decisions in life. The hypothesis is - both in the area of "natural beauty" and in sexuality, with regard to landscape preferences, but also in the area of "artificial beauty" (i.e. in art and design) - that beauty opens up fitness opportunities, while ugliness holds fitness risks. In this book, this adaptive view of aesthetics is developed theoretically, presented on the basis of numerous examples, and its consequences for evolutionary anthropology are illuminated.

Evolutionary Biology: Contemporary and Historical Reflections Upon Core Theory

Author : Thomas E. Dickins
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031220285
Total Pages : 606 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (312 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolutionary Biology: Contemporary and Historical Reflections Upon Core Theory by : Thomas E. Dickins

Download or read book Evolutionary Biology: Contemporary and Historical Reflections Upon Core Theory written by Thomas E. Dickins and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-09 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is reflecting upon core theories in evolutionary biology – in a historical as well as contemporary context. It exposes the main areas of interest for discussion, but more importantly draws together hypotheses and future research directions. The Modern Synthesis (MS), sometimes referred to as Standard Evolutionary Theory (SET), in evolutionary biology has been well documented and discussed, but was also critically scrutinized over the last decade. Researchers from diverse disciplinary backgrounds have claimed that there is a need for an extension to that theory, and have called for an Extended Evolutionary Synthesis (EES). The book starts with an introductory chapter that summarizes the main points of the EES claim and indicates where those points receive treatment later in the book. This introduction to the subjects can either serve as an initiation for readers new to the debate, or as a guide for those looking to pursue particular lines of enquiry. The following chapters are organized around historical perspectives, theoretical and philosophical approaches and the use of specific biological models to inspect core ideas. Both empirical and theoretical contributions have been included. The majority of chapters are addressing various aspects of the EES position, and reflecting upon the MS. Some of the chapters take historical perspectives, analyzing various details of the MS and EES claims. Others offer theoretical and philosophical analyses of the debate, or take contemporary findings in biology and discuss those findings and their possible theoretical interpretations. All of the chapters draw upon actual biology to make their points. This book is written by practicing biologists and behavioral biologists, historians and philosophers - many of them working in interdisciplinary fields. It is a valuable resource for historians and philosophers of biology as well as for biologists. Chapters 8, 20, 22 and 33 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Models in Ecology

Author : John Maynard-Smith
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521202626
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis Models in Ecology by : John Maynard-Smith

Download or read book Models in Ecology written by John Maynard-Smith and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1974-01-17 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is aimed at anyone with a serious interest in ecology. Ecological models of two kinds are dealt with: mathematical models of a strategic kind aimed at an understanding of the general properties of ecosystems and laboratory models designed with the same aim in view. The mathematical and experimental models illuminate one another. A strength of the account is that although there is a good deal of mathematics, Professor Maynard Smith has concentrated on making clear the assumptions behind the mathematics and the conclusions to be drawn. Proofs and derivations have been omitted as far as possible. The book is therefore comprehensible to anyone with a minimal familiarity with mathematical notation. This book was written in the twin convictions that ecology will not come of age until it has a sound theoretical basis and there is a long way to go before that state of affairs is reached.

The Gene's-Eye View of Evolution

Author : J. Arvid Ågren
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198862261
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis The Gene's-Eye View of Evolution by : J. Arvid Ågren

Download or read book The Gene's-Eye View of Evolution written by J. Arvid Ågren and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-07-21 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "To many evolutionary biologists, the central challenge of their discipline is to explain adaptation, the appearance of design in the living world. With the theory of evolution by natural selection, Charles Darwin elegantly showed how a purely mechanistic process can achieve this striking feature of nature. Since then, the way many biologists have thought about evolution and natural selection is as a theory about individual organisms. Over a century later, a subtle but radical shift in perspective emerged with the gene's-eye view of evolution in which natural selection was conceptualized as a struggle between genes for replication and transmission to the next generation. This viewpoint culminated with the publication of The Selfish Gene by Richard Dawkins (Oxford University Press, 1976) and is now commonly referred to as selfish gene thinking. The gene's-eye view has subsequently played a central role in evolutionary biology, although it continues to attract controversy. The central aim of this accessible book is to show how the gene's-eye view differs from the traditional organismal account of evolution, trace its historical origins, clarify typical misunderstandings and, by using examples from contemporary experimental work, show why so many evolutionary biologists still consider it an indispensable heuristic. The book concludes by discussing how selfish gene thinking fits into ongoing debates in evolutionary biology, and what they tell us about the future of the gene's-eye view of evolution."--

Political Biology

Author : M. Meloni
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137377720
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (373 download)

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Book Synopsis Political Biology by : M. Meloni

Download or read book Political Biology written by M. Meloni and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-25 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the socio-political implications of human heredity from the second half of the nineteenth century to the present postgenomic moment. It addresses three main phases in the politicization of heredity: the peak of radical eugenics (1900-1945), characterized by an aggressive ethos of supporting the transformation of human society via biological knowledge; the repositioning, after 1945, of biological thinking into a liberal-democratic, human rights framework; and the present postgenomic crisis in which the genome can no longer be understood as insulated from environmental signals. In Political Biology, Maurizio Meloni argues that thanks to the ascendancy of epigenetics we may be witnessing a return to soft heredity - the idea that these signals can cause changes in biology that are themselves transferable to succeeding generations. This book will be of great interest to scholars across science and technology studies, the philosophy and history of science, and political and social theory.

Does Altruism Exist?

Author : David Sloan Wilson
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300206755
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Does Altruism Exist? by : David Sloan Wilson

Download or read book Does Altruism Exist? written by David Sloan Wilson and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-01 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: David Sloan Wilson, one of the world’s leading evolutionists, addresses a question that has puzzled philosophers, psychologists, and evolutionary biologists for centuries: Does altruism exist naturally among the Earth’s creatures? The key to understanding the existence of altruism, Wilson argues, is by understanding the role it plays in the social organization of groups. Groups that function like organisms indubitably exist, and organisms evolved from groups. Evolutionists largely agree on how functionally organized groups evolve, ending decades of controversy, but the resolution casts altruism in a new light: altruism exists but shouldn’t necessarily occupy center stage in our understanding of social behavior. After laying a general theoretical foundation, Wilson surveys altruism and group-level functional organization in our own species—in religion, in economics, and in the rest of everyday life. He shows that altruism is not categorically good and can have pathological consequences. Finally, he shows how a social theory that goes beyond altruism by focusing on group function can help to improve the human condition in a practical sense. Does Altruism Exist? puts old controversies to rest and will become the center of debate for decades to come.

New Perspectives on Malthus

Author : Robert J. Mayhew
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316692388
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (166 download)

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Book Synopsis New Perspectives on Malthus by : Robert J. Mayhew

Download or read book New Perspectives on Malthus written by Robert J. Mayhew and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-06-20 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thomas Robert Malthus (1766–1834) was a pioneer in demography, economics and social science more generally whose ideas prompted a new 'Malthusian' way of thinking about population and the poor. On the occasion of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of his birth, New Perspectives on Malthus offers an up-to-date collection of interdisciplinary essays from leading Malthus experts who reassess his work. Part one looks at Malthus's achievements in historical context, addressing not only perennial questions such as his attitude to the Poor Laws, but also new topics including his response to environmental themes and his use of information about the New World. Part two then looks at the complex reception of his ideas by writers, scientists, politicians and philanthropists from the period of his own lifetime to the present day, from Charles Darwin and H. G. Wells to David Attenborough, Al Gore and Amartya Sen.

The Essential Tension

Author : Sonya Bahar
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9402410546
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis The Essential Tension by : Sonya Bahar

Download or read book The Essential Tension written by Sonya Bahar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-28 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'The Essential Tension' explores how agents that naturally compete come to act together as a group. The author argues that the controversial concept of multilevel selection is essential to biological evolution, a proposition set to stimulate new debate. The idea of one collective unit emerging from the cooperative interactions of its constituent (and mutually competitive) parts has its roots in the ancient world. More recently, it has illuminated studies of animal behavior, and played a controversial role in evolutionary biology. In Part I, the author explores the historical development of the idea of a collectivity in biological systems, from early speculations on the sociology of human crowd behavior, through the mid-twentieth century debates over the role of group selection in evolution, to the notion of the selfish gene. Part II investigates the balance between competition and cooperation in a range of contemporary biological problems, from flocking and swarming to experimental evolution and the evolution of multicellularity. Part III addresses experimental studies of cooperation and competition, as well as controversial ideas such as the evolution of evolvability and Stephen Jay Gould’s suggestion that “spandrels” at one level of selection serve as possible sources of variability for the next higher level. Finally, building on the foundation established in the preceding chapters, the author arrives at a provocative new proposition: as a result of the essential tension between competition and cooperation, multiple levels may be essential in order for evolutionary processes to occur at all.

Multilevel Selection

Author : Steven C. Hertler
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030495205
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Multilevel Selection by : Steven C. Hertler

Download or read book Multilevel Selection written by Steven C. Hertler and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-02 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book embeds a novel evolutionary analysis of human group selection within a comprehensive overview of multilevel selection theory, a theory wherein evolution proceeds at the level of individual organisms and collectives, such as human families, tribes, states, and empires. Where previous works on the topic have variously supported multilevel selection with logic, theory, experimental data, or via review of the zoological literature; in this book the authors uniquely establish the validity of human group selection as a historical evolutionary process within a multilevel selection framework. Select portions of the historical record are examined from a multilevel selectionist perspective, such that clashing civilizations, decline and fall, law, custom, war, genocide, ostracism, banishment, and the like are viewed with the end of understanding their implications for internal cohesion, external defense, and population demography. In doing so, its authors advance the potential for further interdisciplinary study in fostering, for instance, the convergence of history and biology. This work will provide fresh insights not only for evolutionists but also for researchers working across the social sciences and humanities.

English Evolutionary Ethics

Author : Melbourne Stuart Read
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis English Evolutionary Ethics by : Melbourne Stuart Read

Download or read book English Evolutionary Ethics written by Melbourne Stuart Read and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Handbook of Statistical Genomics

Author : David J. Balding
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119429226
Total Pages : 1219 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Statistical Genomics by : David J. Balding

Download or read book Handbook of Statistical Genomics written by David J. Balding and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-07-02 with total page 1219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A timely update of a highly popular handbook on statistical genomics This new, two-volume edition of a classic text provides a thorough introduction to statistical genomics, a vital resource for advanced graduate students, early-career researchers and new entrants to the field. It introduces new and updated information on developments that have occurred since the 3rd edition. Widely regarded as the reference work in the field, it features new chapters focusing on statistical aspects of data generated by new sequencing technologies, including sequence-based functional assays. It expands on previous coverage of the many processes between genotype and phenotype, including gene expression and epigenetics, as well as metabolomics. It also examines population genetics and evolutionary models and inference, with new chapters on the multi-species coalescent, admixture and ancient DNA, as well as genetic association studies including causal analyses and variant interpretation. The Handbook of Statistical Genomics focuses on explaining the main ideas, analysis methods and algorithms, citing key recent and historic literature for further details and references. It also includes a glossary of terms, acronyms and abbreviations, and features extensive cross-referencing between chapters, tying the different areas together. With heavy use of up-to-date examples and references to web-based resources, this continues to be a must-have reference in a vital area of research. Provides much-needed, timely coverage of new developments in this expanding area of study Numerous, brand new chapters, for example covering bacterial genomics, microbiome and metagenomics Detailed coverage of application areas, with chapters on plant breeding, conservation and forensic genetics Extensive coverage of human genetic epidemiology, including ethical aspects Edited by one of the leading experts in the field along with rising stars as his co-editors Chapter authors are world-renowned experts in the field, and newly emerging leaders. The Handbook of Statistical Genomics is an excellent introductory text for advanced graduate students and early-career researchers involved in statistical genetics.

Nurturing Our Humanity

Author : Riane Tennenhaus Eisler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0190935723
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Nurturing Our Humanity by : Riane Tennenhaus Eisler

Download or read book Nurturing Our Humanity written by Riane Tennenhaus Eisler and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nurturing Our Humanity offers a new perspective on our personal and social options in today's world, showing how to structure our environments--from family and gender relations to politics and economics--to support our great capacities for consciousness, caring, and creativity. It examines where societies fall on the partnership-domination scale, and how this impacts equity, sustainability, peace, and how our brains develop. Combining cutting-edge findings from biological and social science, it explains regressions to strongman rule and other dangerous trends; re-examines our past (including societies that for millennia oriented toward partnership); and outlines actions to move us in this life-sustaining and enhancing direction.

Understanding Enzymes

Author : Allan Svendsen
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9814669334
Total Pages : 884 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (146 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Enzymes by : Allan Svendsen

Download or read book Understanding Enzymes written by Allan Svendsen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-27 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Enzymes: Function, Design, Engineering, and Analysis focuses on the understanding of enzyme function and optimization gained in the past decade, past enzyme function analysis, enzyme engineering, and growing insights from the simulation work and nanotechnology measurement of enzymes in action in vitro or in silico. The book also prese