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Evolutionary Relationships Among Eukaryotes
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Book Synopsis Origin And Evolution Of The Cell, The - Proceedings Of The Conference On The Origin And Evolution Of Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells by : K Matsuno
Download or read book Origin And Evolution Of The Cell, The - Proceedings Of The Conference On The Origin And Evolution Of Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells written by K Matsuno and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1993-02-13 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the origin of eukaryotic cells both phylogenetically and morphogenetically. The evolutionary relationship between prokaryotic and eukaryotic organizations is emphasized. The difference of inferences from ribosomal RNA and protein phylogenetic trees suggests a new possibility of synthesizing an evolutionary origin of eukaryotic cells as integrating morphogenetic contributions.
Book Synopsis Evolutionary Relationships Among Eukaryotes by : Laura A. Katz
Download or read book Evolutionary Relationships Among Eukaryotes written by Laura A. Katz and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reconstructing the Evolutionary Relationships Between Archaea and Eukaryotes by : Kasie Raymann
Download or read book Reconstructing the Evolutionary Relationships Between Archaea and Eukaryotes written by Kasie Raymann and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is widely accepted that there exist an evolutionary relationship between Archaea and Eukaryotes, but the exact nature of this relationship is hotly debated. In this thesis I have taken advantage of the large available genomic data to investigate the issue through two complementary phylogenomic approaches: (i) the analysis of a specific archaeal cellular system with an evolutionary link to eukaryotes, and (ii) a large-scale phylogenomic analysis at the level of the three domains of life. In the first study, I carried out a detailed analysis of a cellular system with an evolutionary link between Archaea and Eukaryotes, DNA replication. I performed an exhaustive phylogenomic analysis of the components of DNA replication in all complete archaeal genomes. This allowed me to accurately assign them in terms of orthology, paralogy, horizontal gene transfers, and copies originating from mobile elements. My results provide a full picture of the diversity of DNA replication among different lineages, and allowed me to infer the presence of a modern-type DNA replication machinery in the last archaeal common ancestor. I was able to clarify the evolutionary history that shaped this key cellular machinery during archaeal diversification. My study allowed me to highlight a new set of markers that provide information on yet unclear evolutionary relationships within archaea. In addition, I analyzed, for the first time, the phylogenetic signal carried by DNA replication components. This is highly consistent with that harbored by two other key informational machineries, translation and transcription, strengthening the existence of a robust organismal tree for the Archaea. Finally, most of the components inferred to have been present in the archaeal ancestor are shared with eukaryotes, allowing discussion on the evolutionary relationships between Archaea and Eukaryotes...
Book Synopsis Principles of Biology by : Lisa Bartee
Download or read book Principles of Biology written by Lisa Bartee and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Principles of Biology sequence (BI 211, 212 and 213) introduces biology as a scientific discipline for students planning to major in biology and other science disciplines. Laboratories and classroom activities introduce techniques used to study biological processes and provide opportunities for students to develop their ability to conduct research.
Book Synopsis Organelles, Genomes and Eukaryote Phylogeny by : Robert P Hirt
Download or read book Organelles, Genomes and Eukaryote Phylogeny written by Robert P Hirt and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-06-28 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent revolution in molecular biology has spread through every field of biology including systematics and evolution. Researchers can now analyze the genomes of different species relatively quickly, and this is generating a great deal of data and theories about relationships between taxa as well as how they originated and diversified. Org
Book Synopsis Evolution of Eukaryotes by : A. Malcolm Campbell
Download or read book Evolution of Eukaryotes written by A. Malcolm Campbell and published by Momentum Press. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many people have a vague sense that the hypothesized origin of life, in the form of bacteria, sounds plausible. However, few people can fathom how the first eukaryotic cell, complete with nucleus, mitochondria and maybe chloroplast, came into being. This book presents the evidence that reveals the origins of all three DNA-containing organelles. In addition, this book will illustrate how DNA, a molecule that is 2 meters (6 feet) long, can fit into all cells’ nuclei that are only about 2 microns (0.000002 meters) in diameter. Once eukaryotes evolved, the next obvious question is how multicellular organism could have evolved from simpler unicellular species. This book looks at multicellular algae as a case study on the origins of multicellularity.
Book Synopsis Biology for AP ® Courses by : Julianne Zedalis
Download or read book Biology for AP ® Courses written by Julianne Zedalis and published by . This book was released on 2017-10-16 with total page 1923 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biology for AP® courses covers the scope and sequence requirements of a typical two-semester Advanced Placement® biology course. The text provides comprehensive coverage of foundational research and core biology concepts through an evolutionary lens. Biology for AP® Courses was designed to meet and exceed the requirements of the College Board’s AP® Biology framework while allowing significant flexibility for instructors. Each section of the book includes an introduction based on the AP® curriculum and includes rich features that engage students in scientific practice and AP® test preparation; it also highlights careers and research opportunities in biological sciences.
Book Synopsis Molecular Evolution by : Roderick D.M. Page
Download or read book Molecular Evolution written by Roderick D.M. Page and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-07-14 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of evolution at the molecular level has given the subject of evolutionary biology a new significance. Phylogenetic 'trees' of gene sequences are a powerful tool for recovering evolutionary relationships among species, and can be used to answer a broad range of evolutionary and ecological questions. They are also beginning to permeate the medical sciences. In this book, the authors approach the study of molecular evolution with the phylogenetic tree as a central metaphor. This will equip students and professionals with the ability to see both the evolutionary relevance of molecular data, and the significance evolutionary theory has for molecular studies. The book is accessible yet sufficiently detailed and explicit so that the student can learn the mechanics of the procedures discussed. The book is intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in molecular evolution/phylogenetic reconstruction. It will also be a useful supplement for students taking wider courses in evolution, as well as a valuable resource for professionals. First student textbook of phylogenetic reconstruction which uses the tree as a central metaphor of evolution. Chapter summaries and annotated suggestions for further reading. Worked examples facilitate understanding of some of the more complex issues. Emphasis on clarity and accessibility.
Book Synopsis Structure, Function, and Genetics of Ribosomes by : Boyd Hardesty
Download or read book Structure, Function, and Genetics of Ribosomes written by Boyd Hardesty and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-09-26 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past few decades we have witnessed an era of remarkable growth in the field of molecular biology. In 1950 very little was known of the chemical constitution of biological systems, the manner in which information was transmitted from one organism to another, or the extent to which the chemical basis of life is unified. The picture today is dramati cally different. We have an almost bewildering variety of information de tailing many different aspects of life at the molecular level. These great advances have brought with them some breath-taking insights into the molecular mechanisms used by nature for replicating, distributing, and modifying biological information. We have learned a great deal about the chemical and physical nature of the macromolecular nucleic acids and proteins, and the manner in which carbohydrates, lipids, and smaller mole cules work together to provide the molecular setting of living systems. It might be said that these few decades have replaced a near vacuum of information with a very large surplus. It is in the context of this flood of information that this series of mono graphs on molecular biology has been organized. The idea is to bring together in one place, between the covers of one book, a concise assessment of the state of the subject in a well-defined field.
Book Synopsis Protozoa and Other Protists by : Michael A. Sleigh
Download or read book Protozoa and Other Protists written by Michael A. Sleigh and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991-10-03 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Origin and Evolution of the Cell by : H. Hartman
Download or read book The Origin and Evolution of the Cell written by H. Hartman and published by World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated. This book was released on 1992 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Diversity of Eukaryotes and Their Genomes by : Laura E. Wegener Parfrey
Download or read book Diversity of Eukaryotes and Their Genomes written by Laura E. Wegener Parfrey and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My dissertation addresses two aspects of eukaryotic evolution, 1) the organization of eukaryotic diversity and 2) genomic variation in Foraminifera. The bulk of eukaryotic diversity is microbial with plants and animals representing just two of the estimated 75 lineages of eukaryotes. Among these microbial lineages, there are many examples of dynamic genome processes. Elucidating the origin and evolution of genome features requires a robust phylogenetic framework for eukaryotes. Taxon-rich molecular analyses provide a mechanism to test hypothesized evolutionary relationships and enable placement of diverse taxa on the tree of life. These analyses result in a well-resolved eukaryotic tree of life. Relaxed molecular clock analyses of this taxon-rich dataset place the origin on eukaryotes in the Paleoproterozoic, and suggest that all of the major lineages of eukaryotes diverged before the Neoproterozoic. This robust scaffold of the tree of eukaryotes is also used to elucidate common themes in genome evolution across eukaryotes. Mapping dynamic genome features onto this tree demonstrates that they are widespread in eukaryotes, and suggests that a common mechanism underlies genome plasticity. Foraminifera, a diverse lineage of marine amoebae, provide a good model system for investigating genome dynamics because they amplify portions of their genome and go through ploidy cycles during their life cycle. Assessment of nuclear dynamics in one species of Foraminifera, Allogromia laticollaris strain CSH, reveals that genome content varies according the life cycle stage and food source, which may differentially impact organismal fitness. The inclusion of diverse microbial eukaryotes enables better resolution of eukaryotic relationships and improves our understanding the dynamic nature of eukaryotic genomes.
Book Synopsis Cytogenic and Evolutionary Studies in Schoenus by : Navdeep Kaur
Download or read book Cytogenic and Evolutionary Studies in Schoenus written by Navdeep Kaur and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Co-evolutionary Relationship Between Mobile DNA and Eukaryotes by : Zhihui Yu
Download or read book Co-evolutionary Relationship Between Mobile DNA and Eukaryotes written by Zhihui Yu and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The sequencing of eukaryotic model organisms has provided us an unprecedented opportunity for a genome-wide characterization of Transposable Elements (TEs) and the study of TE-host relationships. By developing methodologies on database mining, we explored the existence of MUtator (Mu)-Like Elements (MULEs) in Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. Mu elements were first discovered in Zea mays; so far, a dozen of the elements have been identified in the genome. We identified a total of 1392 MULEs from the sequenced Arabidopsis genome. They represent one of the most abundant, diversified, yet still mobile DNA transposon families in eukaryotes. The Arabidopsis MULEs are composed of not only the elements showing the typical Mu-family-specific terminal structure (that is the long Terminal Inverted Repeat, TIR), but also a novel type of non-TIR MULEs. Some of this latter type of elements was found to be active both transcriptionally and transpositionally. To understand host-mediated genome-wide regulation(s) on the MULE system in Arabidopsis, we characterized 235 MULE mobility-specific genes (or mudrA-like genes) by mapping them on the sequenced Arabidopsis chromosomes and performing a genome-wide expression assay utilizing Arabidopsis METHYLTRANSFERSE1 (MET1) mutant (met2) plants, we showed that MET1-mediated global CpG methylation can only repress a portion of the gene family; its efficiency depends largely on the gene locations within the context of Arabidopsis chromatin remodeling: stronger in heterochromatic regions but weaker in euchromatic ones. This finding suggests that the Arabidopsis heterochromatic regions are not just a graveyard for the accumulation of defective elements; rather, they may have been playing an important role on the repression of TE activity via, at least in part, exerting MET1-mediated silencing effect. Our expression analysis also suggested that a TIR structure is not necessarily required for the MET1-mediated si" --
Book Synopsis Understanding Evolution by : Kostas Kampourakis
Download or read book Understanding Evolution written by Kostas Kampourakis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-03 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together conceptual obstacles and core concepts of evolutionary theory, this book presents evolution as straightforward and intuitive.
Book Synopsis Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetics by : Masatoshi Nei
Download or read book Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetics written by Masatoshi Nei and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-07-27 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last ten years, remarkable progress has occurred in the study of molecular evolution. Among the most important factors that are responsible for this progress are the development of new statistical methods and advances in computational technology. In particular, phylogenetic analysis of DNA or protein sequences has become a powerful tool for studying molecular evolution. Along with this developing technology, the application of the new statistical and computational methods has become more complicated and there is no comprehensive volume that treats these methods in depth. Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetics fills this gap and present various statistical methods that are easily accessible to general biologists as well as biochemists, bioinformatists and graduate students. The text covers measurement of sequence divergence, construction of phylogenetic trees, statistical tests for detection of positive Darwinian selection, inference of ancestral amino acid sequences, construction of linearized trees, and analysis of allele frequency data. Emphasis is given to practical methods of data analysis, and methods can be learned by working through numerical examples using the computer program MEGA2 that is provided.
Book Synopsis Evolutionary Relationships Among Protozoa by : Graham H. Coombs
Download or read book Evolutionary Relationships Among Protozoa written by Graham H. Coombs and published by Springer. This book was released on 1998-10-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evolutionary biology of protozoa is a field in which exciting changes are taking place. Relationships between different groups of protozoa are undergoing extensive review and the revised views will have significant repercussions for future investigations. New data from molecular and ultrastructural studies have changed our perception of evolution among this diverse group of organisms in recent years. This volume, part of the Systematics Association Special Volume Series, aims to review this important area and give an up-to-date synthesis of current understanding. The various chapters are deliberately broad in scope and explore areas such as the contribution of different techniques and approaches to the understanding of protistan evolution and the biochemical and physiological aspects of that evolution; there are also chapters that analyse and explore specific protistan groups. In addition some of the chapters discuss topics that are currently very controversial within this field, such as the finding that the 18S rRNA phylogenetic tree of protozoa is probably unreliable. The world-renowned editors have assembled an international team of outstanding scientists whose contributions have produced a volume of interest to all evolutionary biologists and especially those interested in protozoa.
