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Evaluating Stimulus Inclusion Methods In Multiple Stimulus Without Replacement Preference Assessments
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Book Synopsis Evaluating Stimulus Inclusion Methods in Multiple-stimulus Without Replacement Preference Assessments by : Sara Jeglum
Download or read book Evaluating Stimulus Inclusion Methods in Multiple-stimulus Without Replacement Preference Assessments written by Sara Jeglum and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multiple-stimulus without replacement preference assessments (MSWO) have been well-documented in the literature as evidence-based methods of identifying possible reinforcers to occasion desired behavior (e.g., task completion) for individuals with and without disabilities. Stimuli included in the MSWO are typically chosen through structured interviews, arbitrary experimenter selection, observation, informal interview with caregivers or teachers, or self-report. Based on systematic review on preference assessments with adolescents with autism or developmental disabilities, stimuli for the MSWO are primarily selected based on informal report by relevant stakeholders, or inclusion procedures are not specified. Only two out of thirty studies used student self-report of preferences to identify stimuli for inclusion. While MSWOs are efficacious, the methods by which the initial stimuli are selected for an MSWO array are highly variable or not described in the extant literature, limiting the effectiveness of interventions.This study sought to elucidate a standard for stimulus inclusion methods for adolescents with autism and other developmental disabilities. Using a single-case multi-element design, four adolescent boys with autism completed MSWOs based on the various methods of identifying stimuli for the array. Reinforcer assessments were conducted to verify the most effective stimulus inclusion procedure. The identified highest preferred stimuli were delivered contingent on completion of each participant's individualized academic work. Task performance was compared using percentage of differentiation. A social validity measure was administered to stakeholders.Results indicated that for all four participants, informants endorsed vastly different stimuli for inclusion in MSWOs. When comparing these stimuli, however, there was no differentiation in the reinforcer assessment for time to task completion. One participant engaged in rates of noncompliance that differentiated between informants and the control condition. Therefore, no uniform standard for stimulus selection was identified. Acceptability data indicate that all participants were satisfied with the preference assessment procedures and found that making choices was important for the adolescents. These results suggest that it is incumbent upon those who work with adolescents on the spectrum to gather report from multiple informants to ascertain an appropriate range of possible reinforcers. Factors contributing to the efficacy of various stimulus inclusion methods are discussed.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Environment on Multiple-stimulus Without Replacement Preference Assessments by : Amber Mercer
Download or read book The Effect of Environment on Multiple-stimulus Without Replacement Preference Assessments written by Amber Mercer and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preference assessments have been proven to be an effective assessment tool used to identify preferences for individuals with developmental disabilities. There are 4 methods of preference assessments: single-stimulus preference assessment, paired-stimulus preference assessment, multiple stimulus with replacement preference assessment, and multiple stimulus without replacement preference assessment. The current study used the multiple-stimulus without replacement preference assessment to compare identified stimuli across 2 different environments. There were 12 participants exposed to a total of 10 sessions, 5 at home and 5 at school. The research tested for consistency among participant preference of the items chosen across sessions in both locations. The results of the current study were inconclusive; some participants had the same preference across environments and other participants did not have a clear preference in either environment. There were several limitations that may have contributed to the findings. Some of the limitations include the participants’ wide range of abilities and disabilities in the scope of their autism. Other limitations include the inability to insure the participants were not over exposed or satiated on the edible items used. Also, some participants did not have a clear preference for items.
Book Synopsis Ledyard Stebbins, 94 (obituary). by :
Download or read book Ledyard Stebbins, 94 (obituary). written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Preference Assessments with Individuals with Severe Disabilities by : Amanda R. Yeager
Download or read book Preference Assessments with Individuals with Severe Disabilities written by Amanda R. Yeager and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Three children with mental retardation and/or autism participated in a study evaluating the reinforcing effectiveness of moderate- and low-preference stimuli. Nine full array Multiple-Stimulus Without Replacement (MSWO) preference assessments were conducted assessing tangible and edible stimuli. The items categorized as moderate- and low-preference using the Ciccone, Graff, and Ahearn (2005) point weighting scoring method were reassessed. The items ranked high-, moderate-, and low-preference from the assessments were then evaluated during the reinforcer assessments. An alternating treatments design was implemented and data were compared to baseline using an A-B design. Two participants' responding increased as the low-, moderate-, and high-preference reinforcement contingencies were implemented. For one participant, the moderate- and high-preference stimuli produced responding at 100%. One participant had minimal responding relative to baseline across all three stimuli. This study extends previous research by demonstrating the MSWO is an effective and efficient technique to identify reinforcers.
Book Synopsis Examination of Choice Overload During Stimulus Preference Assessments by : Jeffrey R. Miller
Download or read book Examination of Choice Overload During Stimulus Preference Assessments written by Jeffrey R. Miller and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Choice overload is characterized by individuals experiencing a decrease in preference strength and satisfaction (Chemey, 2003) in conjunction with increases in disappointment and regret regarding a chosen option (Schwartz, 2000). Choice overload has been examined in a variety of situations, however choice overload has not been examined with individuals with developmental disabilities or during stimulus preference assessments. While extensive research has been conducted regarding stimulus preference assessments, no research has been conducted evaluating the most effective number of items to use during preference assessments. The purpose of the present study was to compare using six and 18 item arrays during a multiple stimulus without replacement preference assessment, to evaluate the accuracy of both procedures with a reinforcer assessment, and to evaluate the behavior of participants for characteristics of choice overload during the preference and reinforcer assessments. The results of the present study suggest that the results between the six and 18 item preference assessments are strongly consistent; however the six item assessments overestimated the reinforcer efficacy of numerous items in comparison to the 18 item preference assessment. The results also suggest that two participants displayed characteristics associated with choice overload and that a certain level of cognitive functioning may be required for choice overload to occur.
Book Synopsis Multiple Stimulus Without Replacement Preference Assessments Compared by : Jenna A. Young
Download or read book Multiple Stimulus Without Replacement Preference Assessments Compared written by Jenna A. Young and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Web-based Stimulus Preference Assessment and Reinforcer Assessments for Videos by : Hugo Curiel
Download or read book Web-based Stimulus Preference Assessment and Reinforcer Assessments for Videos written by Hugo Curiel and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stimulus preference assessments and reinforcer assessments are integral components of positive reinforcement-based interventions. Web-based brief multiple-stimulus without replacement (MSWO) preference assessments have recently been shown to be effective in identifying preference hierarchies for videos (Curiel, Curiel, Li, Deochand, & Poling, 2018). The purpose of the current studies was to replicate Curiel et al.'s web-based MSWO assessment and assess the reinforcing function of the highest and lowest identified stimuli using novel web-based reinforcer assessments. Study 1 employed single-operant arrangements (SOAs) and Study 2 employed concurrent-operants arrangements (COAs) to assess the absolute and relative reinforcing function of the identified stimuli, respectively. The web-based MSWO was effective in identifying stimulus preferences hierarchies in both studies. Furthermore, the highest-preferred stimuli functioned as reinforcers in both arrangements. The findings, limitations, and areas of future research are discussed.
Book Synopsis Effectively and Efficiently Identifying Reinforcing Stimuli by : Garbriel Velez
Download or read book Effectively and Efficiently Identifying Reinforcing Stimuli written by Garbriel Velez and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preference assessments are procedures used to identify potentially reinforcing stimuli. Preliminary evidence has shown a single-session multiple stimulus without replacement (MSWO) preference assessment to be an effective and efficient method for identifying reinforcer hierarchies. The present study further evaluated the efficacy and efficiency of a single-session MSWO preference assessment with three adolescent special education students. Following a single preference assessment session, a reinforcer assessment was conducted to evaluate the resulting reinforcer hierarchy. In addition, two additional reinforcer assessment sessions were conducted over a period of a week to examine the stability of the MSWO reinforcer hierarchies. Results from the single operant reinforcer assessment sessions indicated reinforcer hierarchies were accurate for all participants and stable for 2 out of 3 participants.
Book Synopsis Establishing Criteria for Evaluating Stimulus Preference Assessments by : Thomas S. Higbee
Download or read book Establishing Criteria for Evaluating Stimulus Preference Assessments written by Thomas S. Higbee and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Teaching a Selection Response for No-access Video-based Preference Assessments to Children with Autsim by : Emma Mitchell
Download or read book Teaching a Selection Response for No-access Video-based Preference Assessments to Children with Autsim written by Emma Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examined the prerequisite skills necessary to conduct a no-access video-based preference assessment for two children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) who did not demonstrate a selection response during a video-based preference assessment. A brief Multiple Stimulus Without Replacement (MSWO) of videos of toys was used to teach a selection response by systematically fading the participants' access to toys during the preference assessment. Once the selection response was successfully taught with the toys, it was assessed with videos of social interactions. A progressive ratio (PR) schedule and concurrent operant reinforcer assessment were then conducted to determine the reinforcing effectiveness of the highest and lowest preferred social interactions from a brief MSWO for each of the participants. The selection response was successfully taught to both participants and mixed results were found from both reinforcer assessments for both participants.
Book Synopsis A Comparison of Engagement-based Stimulus Preference Assessments (SPA) by : Rebecca Duke
Download or read book A Comparison of Engagement-based Stimulus Preference Assessments (SPA) written by Rebecca Duke and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preference assessments are effective assessments that can be used to determine preferences for individuals with developmental disabilities. The two preference assessment methods are: approach-based and engagement-based. Engagement-based preference assessments are shorter in duration and associated with fewer problem behaviors when compared to approach-based assessments. The two types of engagement-based preference assessments are single-stimulus and multiple-stimulus engagement preference assessments. The current study compared outcomes of the single-stimulus engagement (SSE) and multiple-stimulus engagement (MSE) preference assessment methods to determine reinforcing value of the items identified during both assessments and occurrences of problem behavior. The results of the preference assessments also demonstrated that the MSE preference assessment was associated with lower occurrences of problem behavior in comparison to the SSE preference assessment. Also, the reinforcer assessments demonstrated that items never engaged with during the MSE preference assessment did act as moderately effective reinforcers for all four participants. The items engaged with at moderate to high levels during the SSE preference assessment did not act as effective reinforcers for two out of the four participants when tested for reinforcing value. There are several limitations that may have contributed to the findings that are discussed..
Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Rate of Challenging Behavior Maintained by Different Reinforcers Across Three Preference Assessments by : Soyeon Kang
Download or read book Evaluation of the Rate of Challenging Behavior Maintained by Different Reinforcers Across Three Preference Assessments written by Soyeon Kang and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preference is commonly incorporated into educational interventions for individuals with developmental disabilities. Preference assessments have a solid research base indicating that they are more reliable tools for finding preference than the subjective opinions of parents and teachers. As evidence-based practices have been emphasized, the preference assessment has been a regular component of interventions and instructional programs for the population. Along with the utility, research regarding the assessment and relevant variables has also increased. However, many questions still exist and wait for more inquiry. One of the practical issues is the occurrence of challenging behaviors of individuals with disabilities during preference assessments. Highly occurring challenging behavior during an assessment may interrupt the procedure and lead to inaccurate results about the individual's preference. That may ultimately affect the effectiveness of the intervention or instructional program. Using a procedure that does not evoke challenging behavior is necessary for accurate results as well as ethically responsible. Therefore this study examined the relation between functions of challenging behavior and three commonly used preference assessment procedures: Paired-Stimulus (PS), Multiple-Stimulus without Replacement (MSWO), and Free-Operant (FO). This study had two phases: Functional analyses and preference assessments. First, functional analyses were conducted to identify the function of challenging behaviors. The participants were nine children with developmental disabilities whose functional analysis results indicated their challenging behavior was maintained by access to tangible items (5), attention (2), and escape (2) reinforcers. After identifying the behaviors' functions, preference assessments were implemented to compare the rates of the challenging behaviors. Each preference assessment format was conducted 5 times, in a random order for each participant. The results of the study demonstrate that the occurrence of challenging behavior with different functions was different depending on procedure formats. This suggests that there would be a relation between functions of challenging behavior and preference assessment formats. In other words, depending on the function of challenging behavior, the assessment procedure may act as a trigger evoking the challenging behavior. This study discussed practical guidance to prevent challenging behavior during preference assessments.
Book Synopsis Further Evaluation of the Efficacy of Pictorial Preference Assessments by : Jonathan P. Roland
Download or read book Further Evaluation of the Efficacy of Pictorial Preference Assessments written by Jonathan P. Roland and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study attempted to create a valid pictorial preference assessment without providing contingent access to stimuli. The toy preferences of three 6-year old autistic children were evaluated using multiple-stimulus (without replacement) preference assessments. Pictorial assessments were conducted with and without contingent access to toys. To evaluate the validity of each preference assessment, a reinforcer assessment was conducted immediately afterward in which the toys identified as most and least preferred were presented. One participant displayed differential preferences during the pictorial assessment in which toys were not provided contingent on picture selection. The other participants did not display differential preferences in pictorial assessments, even when access to toys was made contingently available for picture selection. Several methodological adjustments were made to better understand these outcomes.
Book Synopsis Stimulus Preference Assessments by : Allison Nicole Radomski
Download or read book Stimulus Preference Assessments written by Allison Nicole Radomski and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stimulus preference assessments have been compared multiple ways for efficiency and effectiveness in identifying reinforcers. Researchers have compared verbal, pictorial and tangible assessments among individuals with intellectual disabilities, and have found that all three methods are valid. However, few studies have evaluated these methods in populations outside of individuals with intellectual disabilities. The purpose of the current study was to compare verbal-only and tangible-verbal preference assessment methods in a paired-choice format. Four participants, 4-6 years old, without language delays were employed. Participants selected stimuli during each type of preference assessment, creating a hierarchy for each. A reinforcer assessment was then conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of selected stimuli. Correlation coefficients were then calculated to determine the extent to which each preference assessment method was accurate. Results show that the verbal-only preference assessment method was more effective in identif'ying preference for two participants, and the verbal-tangible preference assessment method was more effective for the other two participants.
Book Synopsis An Evaluation of Preference Displacement in Individuals with Autism by : Alexa Foote
Download or read book An Evaluation of Preference Displacement in Individuals with Autism written by Alexa Foote and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study we replicated the procedures of DeLeon, Iwata, and Roscoe's 1994 study which examined the extent of which edible stimuli displaced leisure stimuli in a preference assessment. Participants took part in three separate multiple stimulus without replacement (MSWO) preference assessments. One preference assessment contained all leisure stimuli, another all edible stimuli, and a final preference assessment that contained the top selected stimuli from the edible and leisure assessments. Their study found that 12 of the 14 participants selected edible stimuli over leisure stimuli in a combined preference assessment. Another recent study, Conine and Vollmer (2019) found similar results. However, our findings were different. Our results indicated that 11 participants selected edible stimuli as their most preferred stimulus and 14 selected leisure as their most preferred stimulus. This study also evaluated the effects of preference displacement in a combined preference assessment. The implication of our results suggest that preference is based on the individual and may be influenced by age, setting, and disability.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of a Progressive Model for Identifying Preferred Stimuli for Children with Developmental Disabilities by : Amanda M. Karsten
Download or read book Evaluation of a Progressive Model for Identifying Preferred Stimuli for Children with Developmental Disabilities written by Amanda M. Karsten and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preference assessments for individuals with disabilities differ along many dimensions, including time requirements for implementation and probability of identifying a hierarchy of relative preferences. Some methods of assessment are also more conductive to use with individuals who exhibit problem behavior or certain prerequisite skills. Inaccurate results and loss of valuable treatment time are among the risks associated with selecting ineffective or unnecessarily lengthy procedures. The purpose of the current investigation was to evaluate a progressive model for conducting preference assessments which incorporates many of the aforementioned considerations. Concurrent-operant reinforcer evaluations were used to verify assessment findings. Based on 17 participants completed to date, the majority (i.e., 76% of all participants) progressed to reinforcer evaluation following the initial multiple-stimulus without replacement (MSWO) assessment. The free-operant method was the second most commonly implemented approach (i.e., 18% of all participants). Subsequent reinforcer evaluations confirmed assessment findings in all but two cases. Results from the investigation are discussed in terms of the utility of this particular model and possibilities for the application of alternative algorithms to behavior analytic technologies.
Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Preferences Identified During Single-stimulus, Paired-stimulus, and Multiple Stimulus Without Replacement Preference Assessment Procedures and Reinforcer Potency by : Steven Edward Lindauer
Download or read book The Relationship Between Preferences Identified During Single-stimulus, Paired-stimulus, and Multiple Stimulus Without Replacement Preference Assessment Procedures and Reinforcer Potency written by Steven Edward Lindauer and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
