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Author : Xavier Martinez-Giralt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (19 download)
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Product Variety written by Xavier Martinez-Giralt and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Teck-Hua Ho
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461555795
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)
Download or read book Product Variety Management written by Teck-Hua Ho and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Product proliferation has become a common phenomenon. Most companies now offer hundreds, if not thousands, of stock keeping units (SKUs) in order to compete in the market place. Companies with expanding product and service varieties face with problems of obtaining accurate demand forecasts, controlling production and inventory costs, and providing high quality and good delivery performance for the customers. Marketing managers often advocate widening product lines for increasing revenue and market share. However, the breadth of product line can also decrease the efficiency of manufacturing processes and distribution systems. Thus firms must weigh the benefits of product variety against its cost in order to determine the optimal level of product variety to offer to their customers. Academics and practitioners are interested in several fundamental questions about product variety. For instance, why do companies extend their product lines? Do consumers care about product variety? Will a brand with more variety enjoy higher market share? How should product variety be measured? How can a company exploit its product and process design to deliver a higher level of product variety quickly and cheaply? What should the level of product variety be and what should the price of each of the product variants be? What kind of 'challenges would a company face in offering a high level of product variety and how can these obstacles be overcome? The solutions to these questions span multiple functions and disciplines.
Author : John Beath
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521335522
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (355 download)
Download or read book The Economic Theory of Product Differentiation written by John Beath and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991-02-22 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are few industries in modern market economies that do not manufacture differentiated products. This book provides a systematic explanation and analysis of the widespread prevalence of this important category of products. The authors concentrate on models in which product selection is endogenous. In the first four chapters they consider models that try to predict the level of product differentiation that would emerge in situations of market equilibrium. These market equilibria with differentiated products are characterised and then compared with social welfare optima. Particular attention is paid to the distinction between horizontal and vertical differentiation as well as to the related issues of product quality and durability. This book brings together the most important theoretical contributions to these topics in a succinct and coherent manner. One of its major strengths is the way in which it carefully sets out the basic intuition behind the formal results. It will be useful to advanced undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in industrial economics and microeconomic theory.
Author : Qianyu Mao
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (18 download)
Download or read book Essays on Competition and Product Variety written by Qianyu Mao and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 1 builds a structural model to analyze the effects of mergers, taking into account not only changes in prices but also adjustments in product portfolios. Merging firms that offer similar products may have incentives to eliminate closely competing products to save on fixed costs. For instance, the second and third largest shampoo manufacturers merged in 2011 and dropped 20 percent of their products after the merger. Leveraging the post-merger data from the shampoo market, I find that my model correctly predicts 7 out of 9 products that were dropped. A standard merger simulation focusing only on price understates the loss of consumer surplus. In contrast, the enriched model captures both changes in prices and product portfolios, and delivers a more accurate prediction for consumer surplus. Chapter 2 tests the intensity of competition between bars and grocery stores in the market for beer, taking advantage of the variation created by the repeal of the private club law in Utah. Applying a difference-in-differences approach to the IRI dataset, I find that average grocery beer price fall by 1.5 percent, absent the private club law. For stores located close to bars, the effect of the policy change is to decrease beer revenue and sales. After abolishing the law, there was also an overall reduction in the number of bars and a shift from the smallest bars to larger bars in Utah. These results suggest that competition between on- premises and off-premises consumption should be taken into consideration in economic studies.
Author : Taehoon Youn
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Essays on Economics of Vertical Product Differentiation written by Taehoon Youn and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Milton Friedman
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226264033
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)
Download or read book Essays in Positive Economics written by Milton Friedman and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1953 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper is concerned primarily with certain methodological problems that arise in constructing the "distinct positive science" that John Neville Keynes called for, in particular, the problem how to decide whether a suggested hypothesis or theory should be tentatively accepted as part of the "body of systematized knowledge concerning what is."
Author : Nicholas Li
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (18 download)
Download or read book Essays in International and Development Economics written by Nicholas Li and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Standard analysis of consumer behavior uses theory and evidence on quantities and prices to measure consumer welfare, particularly through the use of price indexes that capture the cost-of-living. In three essays I go beyond this standard analysis to analyze the impact of household variety, store variety, and energy requirements on food demand, consumption patterns and consumer welfare, with implications for several important topics in development and international economics. In the first essay I develop theoretical and empirical tools for analyzing variety-seeking behavior by households in a non-homothetic setting, showing how changes in the slope and intercept of ``variety Engel curves'' map into the level and distribution of consumer welfare in a way that is not captured by standard analysis. The ``cost'' of variety is introduced as an important concept for analysis that is distinct from price, e.g. the ``cost'' of quantity. The application to Indian food consumption indicates that increases in food variety over time and greater urban food variety are not attributable solely to income growth, with significant implications for both the size and distribution of welfare gains from variety. In the second essay, co-authored with Shari Eli, we continue to explore empirical patterns in Indian food consumption and draw attention to the decline in calorie intake at all expenditure levels. Once again the Engel curve is used as a guiding framework for the empirical analysis and once again there are changes in consumption patterns that are not explained by movements in prices and income alone. In this case the ``cost'' of calories is represented by the role of calories (as opposed to other food attributes) in satisfying household caloric requirements. Using data on time-use to impute caloric requirements and combining this with data on ownership of labor-saving durables, we find support for the hypothesis that a decline in energy requirements has had an important impact on variation in calorie intake over time and space, explaining most of the rural-urban discrepancy in calorie intake but only a modest share of the decline in calorie intake over time. In the third essay I examine product variety from the point of view of retailers rather than consumers, showing that differences in variety across different stores of a North American grocery retailer have large impacts on consumer welfare. I argue that these differences in variety can be largely attributed to differences in store size and international borders, and provide a stylized partial equilibrium model to analyze what factors influence the retailer's choice of store size in different locations. I find empirical support for the predictions of the model, with larger markets (higher income per capita, higher population density) leading to larger store size and variety while greater competition reduces store size and variety, with significant impacts on consumer welfare across different geographic areas.
Author : Edward J. Nell
Publisher : CUP Archive
ISBN 13 : 9780521319188
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)
Download or read book Growth, Profits and Property written by Edward J. Nell and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1979 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays is designed to illustrate the variety, complexity and power of non-neoclassical economic thinking. The essays define the fundamental questions differently, employ different analytical tools and arrive at different conclusions. The two strands of non-neoclassical thinking that occupy most of the book are the neo-Keynesian and the neo-Marxian. The bulk of the book is composed of essays on microeconomics, macroeconomics, trade, comparative systems and welfare, with an unusual section on property rights and social hierarchy.
Author : Lance Taylor
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136270876
Total Pages : 427 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (362 download)
Download or read book Social Fairness and Economics written by Lance Taylor and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-02-11 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together papers inspired by the work of Duncan Foley, an extraordinarily productive economist who has made seminal contributions to a wide variety of areas. Foley’s work cannot be easily classified, but one thread that runs through it is a critical examination (along both ethical and analytical lines) of conventional neoclassical economic theory, particularly involving general equilibrium theories of value and money. Foley was a pioneer of complexity economics as well, which adopts approaches to these questions drawn from natural sciences, so the collection therefore has an interdisciplinary quality that will interest a wide variety of readers. Some of the chapters are intellectual biographies that contextualize and identify Foley’s contributions to Keynesian macroeconomics, Marxian value theory, and complexity theory in economics. The topics covered include the economics of complexity; the ethics of general equilibrium theory; the economics of climate change; applications of Keynesian, Marxian and Ricardian political economy; and money and financial crises. The collection should be useful to scholars who work in various economic traditions critical of the currently dominant free-market approach, but it also speaks to scholars of critical theory in various disciplines beyond economics such as the mathematicians, physicists, and other natural scientists who are interested in understanding the complexity of social processes using their analytical frameworks. This book should also appeal to graduate students in economics who are working in these traditions, as well as scholars (including current graduate students in orthodox programs) who are dissatisfied with the current state of economic theory and would like to satisfy their intellectual curiosity by sampling the contributions of critical theorists.
Author : Lifang Wu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (713 download)
Download or read book Essays on Product Variety Management written by Lifang Wu and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Douglas Addison
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Productivity Growth and Product Variety written by Douglas Addison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is there a correlation be ...
Author : Anirudh Dhebar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Economics of Product Variety written by Anirudh Dhebar and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Kiyoshi Arakawa
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (231 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on Product Differentiation and Variety written by Kiyoshi Arakawa and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Guido Calabresi
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300216262
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)
Download or read book The Future of Law and Economics written by Guido Calabresi and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2016-01-28 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a concise, compelling argument, one of the founders and most influential advocates of the law and economics movement divides the subject into two separate areas, which he identifies with Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. The first, Benthamite, strain, “economic analysis of law,” examines the legal system in the light of economic theory and shows how economics might render law more effective. The second strain, law and economics, gives equal status to law, and explores how the more realistic, less theoretical discipline of law can lead to improvements in economic theory. It is the latter approach that Judge Calabresi advocates, in a series of eloquent, thoughtful essays that will appeal to students and scholars alike.
Author : Kenneth D. Boyer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (22 download)
Download or read book Product Variety and Product Differentiation written by Kenneth D. Boyer and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher : Stanford University
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Essays in the Economics of Electronic Commerce written by and published by Stanford University. This book was released on with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Kelvin Lancaster
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Modern Consumer Theory written by Kelvin Lancaster and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1991 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professor Lancaster has made a major contribution to consumer theory. His work on the consumer's decision-making process has been particularly influential. This coherent thematic selection of his most important recent essays, some of which are published here for the first time, reflect the major features of Professor Lancaster's work. The essays form a unified collection on consumer choice and product variety and will be essential reading for any economist with an interest in the most recent developments in modern microeconomics.
