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Author : Michael Johannes Boehm
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (862 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on the Allocation of Talent written by Michael Johannes Boehm and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ana Figueiredo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)
Download or read book Essays on the Allocation of Talent written by Ana Figueiredo and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Elena Capatina
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780494972526
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (725 download)
Download or read book Essays on the Allocation of Talent, Skills and Inequality, and Life-cycle Effects of Health Risk written by Elena Capatina and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Pian Shu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (828 download)
Download or read book Essays on Innovation, Productivity, and Talent Allocation written by Pian Shu and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis contains three essays on innovation, productivity, and talent allocation. The first essay explores a novel channel through which short-term economic fluctuations affect the long-term innovative output of the economy: innovators' accumulation of human capital. Using a newly constructed data set on the patenting history of all individuals obtaining a bachelor's degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) between 1980 and 2005, I find that cohorts graduating during booms produce significantly fewer patents over the subsequent two decades. Initial economic conditions do not affect inventors' long-term occupational affiliation, suggesting that the main differences lie in their long-term level of inventive human capital. The decrease in patent output of cohorts graduating during booms is mainly from inventors with relatively low GPAs, and marginal patents receive fewer citations than the rest. The second essay uses the 2008 financial crisis as a natural experiment to study the characteristics of recent graduates from MIT bachelor programs who pursued a career in finance immediately after graduation. I find that finance competes against science and engineering graduate programs for the best talent from MIT but values academic skills less. As a result of endogenous skill development during college, financiers have significantly lower academic skills than students entering graduate school at graduation, despite having similar levels of raw academic talent measured at college entrance. Marginal financiers have lower starting salaries than average financiers, suggesting that there is positive selection into finance. The third essay examines the asset accumulation and labor force participation of Social Security Disability Insurance applicants. Using the RAND Health and Retirement Study panel data, I provide empirical support for the theory that an imperfectly screened disability insurance program encourages individuals who dislike work to save more in the present and plan to apply for disability insurance in the future, regardless of their future health. Despite exhibiting lower labor force attachment and earning less than accepted applicants, rejected applicants have significantly more assets immediately prior to their application, but not in the several years before. Although imperfect, the current screening differentiates the applicants in meaningful ways without using assets as an additional criterion.
Author : Kevin M. Murphy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)
Download or read book The Allocation of Talent written by Kevin M. Murphy and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A country's most talented people typically organize production by others, so they can spread their ability advantage over a larger scale. When they start firms, they innovate and foster growth, but when they become rent seekers, they only redistribute wealth and reduce growth. Occupational choice depends on returns to ability and to scale in each sector, on market size, and on compensation contracts. In most countries, rent seeking rewards talent more than entrepreneurship does, leading to stagnation. Our evidence shows that countries with a higher proportion of engineering college majors grow faster; whereas countries with a higher proportion of law concentrators grow slower.
Author : Pian Shu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Kauffman Dissertation Executive Summary written by Pian Shu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis contains three essays on innovation, productivity, and talent allocation. In Chapter 1, I use data on MIT bachelor's graduates from 1980 to 2005 to study how short-term variations in economic conditions at the time of college graduation impact individuals' long-term patent production. Chapter 2 examines the characteristics of financiers and the impact of the 2008 financial crisis on selection into finance, using data on MIT bachelor's graduates from 2006 to 2010. Chapter 3 discusses the asset accumulation patterns of the Social Security Disability Insurance applicants and the implications on their labor force participation decisions.
Author : Jean-François Mercier
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (964 download)
Download or read book Three Essays in Contest Theory written by Jean-François Mercier and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In the first chapter, I analyze a model of rent-seeking contest where groups compete non-cooperatively for a group-specific public good. Individuals have private information about how much they value the public good and face a free-riding problem in choosing effort levels. The probability that a group wins depends on the aggregate effort of its members relative to the aggregate effort of all contestants. For tractability, I restrict effort choices to be binary. I show that, in equilibrium, all contestants can exert positive effort ex post, despite the presence of free-riding incentives. This is in contrast to earlier results for contests with perfect information whereby only one contestant in a group exerts effort. I use simulation to show that when moving a player from a group to a group of equal or greater size, average expected effort in equilibrium decreases. Moreover, Olson's paradox, which asserts that groups of large size are less effective at winning a contest than small groups, may or may not hold. Olson's paradox can hold even though the good is purely public within the winning group. Members of the larger group expect other members to draw large valuations, which explains acute free-riding. In the second chapter, I take the perspective of a contest designer who derives profits from aggregate effort exerted by the contestants. I develop a revelation mechanism that enables the contest designer to select a subset of contestants from a pool of candidates in a way that maximizes her profits, even though she is uninformed about the candidates' valuations for the contest prize. I prove the existence of an incentive compatible and individually rational mechanism. I solve the designer's problem by using a 3-stage game where at Stage 0, the designer designs a mechanism, at Stage 1 the contestants participate in the mechanism then contestants are selected and at Stage 2, information is revealed and the selected contestants participate to a contest. I find that contests tend to be larger when candidates to the contest have valuations close to each other. Also, depending on the marginal cost that a contestant imposes on the designer, some candidates with low valuation for the contested good may never be selected to the contest. In the last chapter, I extend a simple model of contest to study the question of league formation in sports economics. I model a professional sports league as a duopoly. I suggest a way to model a competitive allocation of talent into teams, by introducing a sequential game in which teams must first auction the cost of talent, and then, whichever team has made the highest bid, gets to choose first the quantity of talent to hire at the implemented market cost, and then the other team chooses a quantity from the residual pool of talent. I find that in equilibrium, leadership can be taken by the low-revenue team. Also, I find that the high-revenue team acquires more talent in equilibrium and that a revenue-sharing policy will induce the high-revenue team to acquire relatively more talent than the low-revenue team, thus producing a more uneven contest." --
Author : Kevin M. Murphy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)
Download or read book The allocation of talent written by Kevin M. Murphy and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Iuliia Dudareva
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Essays on Macroeconomics of Human Capital Accumulation written by Iuliia Dudareva and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first chapter, I study how pre-college parental investment affects sorting of students into colleges. I estimate the efficiency of the decentralized allocation and explore the implications of pre-college investment for intergenerational mobility. I embed a student-to-college assignment model into a two-period overlapping generations model with endogenous human capital investment. I calibrate the model to NLSY97 cohort and find that the race to the top induces overinvestment in pre-college human capital and associated output losses relative to the first best. The effect is more pronounced for high-income families which promotes income persistence at the top of the college distribution. In the second chapter, we explore one aspect of U.S. education that has not garnered a lot of attention until fairly recently that is occupational choice. We add an education sector to an otherwise standard Hsieh et al. (2019)-style model to explore the extent to which changes in career opportunities in other occupations affect the selection of workers into teaching careers. In our model, changes in the allocation of teaching talent have implications for the evolution of class size as well as quality of instruction and hence the accumulation of human capital during the workers' formative years. This gives rise to a trade-off between static and dynamic efficiency, which we quantify by way of a structural model.
Author : John E. Roemer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521574457
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (744 download)
Download or read book Egalitarian Perspectives written by John E. Roemer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-09-28 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fifteen essays, written over the past dozen years, explore contemporary philosophical debates on egalitarianism, using the tools of modern economic theory, general equilibrium theory, game theory, and the theory of mechanism design.
Author : Minouche Shafik
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 069120764X
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)
Download or read book What We Owe Each Other written by Minouche Shafik and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-08-23 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From one of the leading policy experts of our time, an urgent rethinking of how we can better support each other to thrive Whether we realize it or not, all of us participate in the social contract every day through mutual obligations among our family, community, place of work, and fellow citizens. Caring for others, paying taxes, and benefiting from public services define the social contract that supports and binds us together as a society. Today, however, our social contract has been broken by changing gender roles, technology, new models of work, aging, and the perils of climate change. Minouche Shafik takes us through stages of life we all experience—raising children, getting educated, falling ill, working, growing old—and shows how a reordering of our societies is possible. Drawing on evidence and examples from around the world, she shows how every country can provide citizens with the basics to have a decent life and be able to contribute to society. But we owe each other more than this. A more generous and inclusive society would also share more risks collectively and ask everyone to contribute for as long as they can so that everyone can fulfill their potential. What We Owe Each Other identifies the key elements of a better social contract that recognizes our interdependencies, supports and invests more in each other, and expects more of individuals in return. Powerful, hopeful, and thought-provoking, What We Owe Each Other provides practical solutions to current challenges and demonstrates how we can build a better society—together.
Author : National Bureau of Economic Research
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400879760
Total Pages : 647 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)
Download or read book The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity written by National Bureau of Economic Research and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-12-08 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers here range from description and analysis of how our political economy allocates its inventive effort, to studies of the decision making process in specific industrial laboratories. Originally published in 1962. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Author : Michael C. Mankins
Publisher : Harvard Business Review Press
ISBN 13 : 1633691772
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (336 download)
Download or read book Time, Talent, Energy written by Michael C. Mankins and published by Harvard Business Review Press. This book was released on 2017-02-14 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Managing Your Scarcest Resources Business leaders know that the key to competitive success is smart management of scarce resources. That's why companies allocate their financial capital so carefully. But capital today is cheap and abundant, no longer a source of advantage. The truly scarce resources now are the time, the talent, and the energy of the people in your organization--resources that are too often squandered. There's plenty of advice about how to manage them, but most of it focuses on individual actions. What's really needed are organizational solutions that can unleash a company's full productive power and enable it to outpace competitors. Building off of the popular Harvard Business Review article "Your Scarcest Resource," Michael Mankins and Eric Garton, Bain & Company experts in organizational design and effectiveness, present new research into how you can liberate people's time, talent, and energy and unleash your organization's productive power. They identify the specific causes of organizational drag--the collection of institutional factors that slow things down, decrease output, and drain people's energy--and then offer a pragmatic framework for how managers can overcome it. With practical advice for using the framework and in-depth examples of how the best companies manage their people's time, talent, and energy with as much discipline as they do their financial capital, this book shows managers how to create a virtuous circle of high performance.
Author : Jihee Kim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (848 download)
Download or read book Essays on Top Income Inequality written by Jihee Kim and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Top income inequality, defined as the income gap within the top 1% income group, has been rising in the United States since the 1980s but remained low and stable in economies like France and Japan. Why? This dissertation studies what might have affected the widening income gap in the United States as well as the cross-country differences. The first chapter considers the most natural candidate: the effect of the top marginal tax rate on the high-income taxpayers. Identifying endogenous human capital accumulation as a link between top marginal tax rates and top incomes, this chapter shows that a decline in the top marginal tax rate can increase top income inequality as well as top incomes. We develop an infinite-horizon, heterogeneous agent model, where human capital accumulation is endogenously characterized by a proportional random growth process. If the top marginal tax rate declines, the benefit of human capital investment will increase, thereby increasing the growth rate of human capital. Since this growth rate pins down the Pareto inequality measure of the top income distribution, a decrease in the top marginal tax rate will lead to a more unequal Pareto income distribution, while simultaneously increasing every top income. When calibrated to the U.S. income data, the model finds that the reduction of the top marginal tax rate from 60% to 35% can account for 46.6% of the increase in top income inequality and 41.0% of the increase in the top 1% income share between 1980 and 2010. The second chapter theoretically examines three other candidates: the rise in the rate of top income growth, the direction of technological change, and misallocation of top talents to firms. The first model shows that if the growth rate of top incomes increases either by the rise in the returns to experience or by the rise in human capital accumulation effort, the top income inequality increases. The second model studies the direction of technological change and shows why the technological changes can be "talent-biased" at least along a transition path. The last model shows that top income inequality can increase when the matching between firms and talent becomes more efficient. This suggests that the rise in top income inequality in the United States may reflect an improvement in the allocation of talent.
Author : Rishabh Sinha
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)
Download or read book Essays in Growth and Development written by Rishabh Sinha and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dissertation consists of three essays that deal with variations in economic growth and development across space and time. The essays in particular explore the importance of differences in occupational structures in various settings.The first chapter documents that intergenerational occupational persistence is significantly higher in poor countries even after controlling for cross-country differences in occupational structures. Based on this empirical fact, I posit that high occupational persistence in poor countries is symptomatic of underlying talent misallocation. Constraints on education financing force sons to choose fathers' occupations over the occupations of their comparative advantage. A version of Roy (1951) model of occupational choice is developed to quantify the impact of occupational misallocation on aggregate productivity. I find that output per worker reduces to a third of the benchmark US economy for the country with the highest level of occupational persistence.In the second chapter, I use occupational prestige as a proxy of social status to estimate intergenerational occupational mobility for 50 countries spanning the breadth of world's income distribution for both sons and daughters. I find that although relative mobility varies significantly across countries, the correlation between relative mobility and GDP per capita is only mildly positive for sons and is close to zero for daughters. I also consider two measures of absolute mobility: the propensity to move across quartiles and the propensity to move relative to father's occupational prestige. Similar to relative mobility, the first measure of absolute mobility is uncorrelated with GDP per capita. The second measure, however, is positively correlated with GDP per capita with correlations being significantly higher for sons compared to daughters.The third chapter analyses to what extent the growth in productivity witnessed by India during 1983--2004 can be explained by a better allocation of workers across occupations. I first document that the propensity to work in high-skilled occupations relative to high-caste men increased manifold for high-caste women, low-caste men and low-caste women during this period. Given that innate talent in these occupations is likely to be independent across groups, the chapter argues that the occupational distribution in the 1980s represented talent misallocation in which workers from many groups faced significant barriers to practice an occupation of their comparative advantage. I find that these barriers can explain 15--21\% of the observed growth in output per worker during the period from 1983--2004.
Author : Richard Cantillon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Essai Sur la Nature Du Commerce en Général written by Richard Cantillon and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mitja Sardoč
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000685144
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)
Download or read book Talents and Distributive Justice written by Mitja Sardoč and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-09-05 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For much of its history, the notion of talent has been associated with the idea of ‘careers open to talent’. Its emancipatory promise of upward social mobility has ultimately radically transformed the distribution of advantaged social positions and has had a lasting influence on the very idea of social status itself. Besides its inextricable link with equality of educational opportunity, the notion of talent also came to be associated with some of the most pressing contemporary issues as diverse as the ‘war for talent’, brain drain, immigration policies, talent management, global meritocracy, the ‘excellence gap’, the ‘ownership’ of natural resources, ability taxation, etc. Nevertheless, while central to egalitarian conceptions of distributive justice, the notion of talent remains to a large extent absent from the voluminous literature on these issues. Unlike concepts traditionally associated with distributive justice, such as fairness, (in)equality, equality of opportunity as well as justice itself, the notion of talent has received only limited examination. This volume brings together a set of contributions discussing some of the most pressing problems and challenges arising out of a reductionist understanding of talents’ anatomy, a distorted characterisation of their overall distributive value or talents’ non-voluntaristic nature and many other issues revolving around talents, which existing conceptions of distributive justice in education leave either neglected or outrightly ignored. The chapters in this book were originally published in the journal, Educational Philosophy and Theory.
