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Essays On Innovation Rd Policy And Industrial Clusters
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Book Synopsis Essays on Innovation, R&D Policy and Industrial Clusters by : David Horan
Download or read book Essays on Innovation, R&D Policy and Industrial Clusters written by David Horan and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first chapter studies how government should allocate R&D subsidies when firms interact through their R&D decisions. In practice, public agencies often distribute funding on a case-by-case (CbC) basis ignoring indirect effects that may arise due to firm interaction. The paper finds that when complementary knowledge spillovers occur among firms receiving support to research on independent products, knowledge spillovers induce complementary R&D interactions and CbC funding is socially excessive. By contrast, when no knowledge spillovers occur among firms receiving support to research on substitute products, product market rivalry induces substitutive R&D interactions and CbC funding is socially insufficient. An adjusted CbC rule is then proposed which corrects the inefficiency in CbC funding arising from a general pattern of bilateral influences. The second chapter presents a model of the agglomeration of an oligopolistic industry to study the effect of cluster size on firm performance and firms' incentives to cluster. The model captures a distinctive feature of agglomeration among firms which produce close substitutes: the interaction of agglomeration externalities and negative pecuniary externalities. The paper finds that i) the performance of cluster firms exhibits a rise-and-fall pattern with respect to cluster size; ii) neither complete agglomeration nor complete dispersion of firms is socially desirable; and iii) firms'unilateral incentives drive them to agglomerate completely. This suggests that the private incentives to agglomerate of competing firms may be socially excessive. The paper also compares the performance of cluster and isolated firms, which is relavent for situations where geography or government constrains firms'location decisions. The third chapter develops a model to study how government should subsidize investment, e.g. R&D, when firms are located in clusters and agglomeration externalities are present, e.g. local knowledge spillovers. The analysis focuses on industry spatial patterns characterized by a single core and peripheral cluster. The paper finds that asymmetries between core and peripheral cluster sizes create differential subsidy effects: i) the additionality effect of a subsidy on cluster firm investment is relatively stronger for a peripheral firm subsidy (expansion effect); and ii) the crowding-out effect of a subsidy on non-cluster firm investment is relatively stronger for a core firm subsidy (sitting-duck effect). We find the sitting-duck effect dominates the expansion effect. The main policy implication is that if government is justified in funding both core and peripheral firms then alongside core firm subsidies, government must provide adequate funding to peripheral firms to counteract the sitting-duck effect. The paper also finds that case-by-case subsidization is biased towards favouring firms in the core cluster.
Book Synopsis Innovation, Economic Development and Policy by : Jan Fagerberg
Download or read book Innovation, Economic Development and Policy written by Jan Fagerberg and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2018-04-27 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative and enlightening book focuses on fundamental questions such as what is innovation, who is it relevant for, what are the effects, and what is the role of (innovation) policy in supporting innovation-diffusion? The first two sections present a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge on the phenomenon and analyse how this knowledge (and the scholarly community underpinning it) has evolved towards its present state. The third part explores the role of innovation for growth and development, while section four is concerned with the national innovation system and the role of (innovation) policy in influencing its dynamics and responding to the important challenges facing contemporary societies.
Book Synopsis Industrial Clusters by : John F. Wilson
Download or read book Industrial Clusters written by John F. Wilson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-07-01 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrial Clusters shows the latest state of knowledge on the topic of industrial clusters, with a particular focus on clustering in the UK, bringing together a chronological coverage of the phenomenon. This set of original essays by a group of leading business and industrial historians offers fresh perspectives about clusters and clustering. A primary emphasis of the collection is how knowledge is generated and disseminated across a cluster, and whether these processes stimulated innovation and consequently longer-term sustainability. This analysis also prompts questions about which unit of analysis to examine, from the entrepreneurs and firms they created through to the industry as a whole and district in which they are located, or whether one should look outside the region for explanatory factors. Covering regions as diverse as North Wales, the Scottish Highlands, the City of London, the Potteries, Sheffield and Lancashire, the essays have been channelled to provide a detailed understanding of these issues. The editors have also provided a challenging Conclusion that suggests a new research agenda that could well unravel some of the mysteries associated with clustering. This edited collection will be of interest to international researchers, academics and students in the fields of business and management history, innovation, industrialisation and clusters.
Book Synopsis Technology, Innovation and Industrial Economics: Institutionalist Perspectives by : Dilmus D. James
Download or read book Technology, Innovation and Industrial Economics: Institutionalist Perspectives written by Dilmus D. James and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technology, Innovation and Industrial Economics: Institutional Perspectives, inspired by the work of William E. Cole, Professor Emeritus at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville, extends his work with essays on technology, innovation and industrial economics from an Institutionalist perspective. The managerial style, innovational practices and industrial setting of the continuous improvement firm are central to several chapters. This volume also features innovation and technology in Latin America, Adam Smith's writing on entrepreneurship and a comparison of American and European Institutionalism. The topics of technology, innovation, industrial organization and industrial policy are being widely discussed and debated in today's literature, but seldom from an Institutionalist perspective. The purpose of this book is to reduce substantially this missing dimension in the ongoing debates on these important issues.
Book Synopsis Global Clusters of Innovation by : Jerome S. Engel
Download or read book Global Clusters of Innovation written by Jerome S. Engel and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2014-09-26 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: øIn the geography of the global economy, there are known Šhot spots� where new technologies germinate at an astounding rate and pools of capital, expertise and talent foster the development of new industries and new ways of doing business. These cluste
Book Synopsis Innovation, Networks, and Knowledge Spillovers by : Manfred M. Fischer
Download or read book Innovation, Networks, and Knowledge Spillovers written by Manfred M. Fischer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-12-02 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers the topic of innovation in three sections, first demonstrating that processes of innovation and technological change are spatially differentiated, second examining the increasing importance of knowledge creation and diffusion, and third raising key issues related to the systems of innovation approach as a conceptual framwork for regional innovation analysis. Includes enlightening conceptual and empirical work on the issue of how knowledge spills over locally.
Book Synopsis Innovation Policies and Practices within Innovation Ecosystems by : Catherine Beaudry
Download or read book Innovation Policies and Practices within Innovation Ecosystems written by Catherine Beaudry and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-05-12 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While intense efforts of clarification have been made to distinguish between the concept of system and ecosystem, and between the different forms of ecosystems, very few works have addressed the issues of how these different forms of ecosystems are interacting in a dynamic perspective, or of how the notion of a dynamic ecosystem could emerge from the static frame of a system approach. The five chapters in this volume precisely aim at adding to this literature by highlighting the interplay between different types of innovation systems. A common thread among the five chapters of the book is the recognition of the need to develop new lenses to formally account for adaptative behaviour within clusters, networks, or regional innovation systems using the ecosystem metaphor. The diversity and heterogeneity of agents, the complexity of relationships, and new forms of organisation (underground, middleground, and upperground) are the main characteristics of innovation ecosystems, in contrast to more traditional concepts like clusters or networks. In essence, the five chapters add various complexity dimensions (relationships, knowledge, systems, etc.) to the existing knowledge on ecosystems. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal Industry and Innovation.
Book Synopsis Essays on Innovation Policy by : Rainer Widmann
Download or read book Essays on Innovation Policy written by Rainer Widmann and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Policies for Industrial Growth in a Competitive World by :
Download or read book Policies for Industrial Growth in a Competitive World written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development on the Ground by : Allen J. Scott
Download or read book Development on the Ground written by Allen J. Scott and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-05-14 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Garofoli and Scott have gathered together a series of outstanding essays by academics and policy experts from around the world to show how the theory of local economic development (as formulated in more economically advanced countries) has major significance for countries in the world periphery.These essays present a general conceptual discussion o
Book Synopsis Essays on the Antecedents, Outcomes and Multiplexity of Informal Innovation Networks in an Industrial Cluster by : Owais Anwar Golra
Download or read book Essays on the Antecedents, Outcomes and Multiplexity of Informal Innovation Networks in an Industrial Cluster written by Owais Anwar Golra and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Clusters of Innovation in the Age of Disruption by : Engel, Jerome S.
Download or read book Clusters of Innovation in the Age of Disruption written by Engel, Jerome S. and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2022-07-21 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about innovation ecosystems, Clusters of Innovation (COI) and the Global Networks of Clusters of Innovation (GNCOI) they naturally form. What is innovation and why is it important to us? Innovation is nothing less than the ability for constructive response and adaptation to change. The cause and catalyst for that change is frequently identified as technology and its unceasing pressure to improve on existing solutions and address unmet needs. The last decade has painfully demonstrated that exogenous environmental shocks are also sources of change that call for innovative responses, ranging from the obvious challenges such as global warming and Covid-19 to the more subtle social and political perturbations of our time.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Innovation and Clusters by : Charlie Karlsson
Download or read book Handbook of Research on Innovation and Clusters written by Charlie Karlsson and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'This volume is an important step in furthering the discussion about how cluster strategies work and the implications for theory and policy.' – Jennifer Clark, Review of Regional Studies The role of innovations and clusters has increasingly dominated local and regional development policies in recent decades. This authoritative and accessible Handbook considers important aspects of high-tech clusters, analyses insightful cluster case studies, and provides a number of recommendations for cluster policies. The chapters in this Handbook are written by international experts in the field and present evidence of the scope, effects, and potential of clusters as concentrations of innovative activities. The authors emphasize that cluster development is not the only option for local and regional development and argue that for cluster policies to be worthwhile, supporting policies in fields such as education, R&D, transportation, and communication infrastructure must accompany most cluster policies. Furthermore, several contributions stress that clusters often develop along a life cycle that may end with decline and even the disappearance of clusters. Consequently, this Handbook provides the basis for improving both research on innovation and clusters and the formulation and implementation of cluster policies. Furnishing the reader with rich, comprehensive discussion of innovations and clusters, this Handbook will be an essential source for researchers and academics in the field, as well as policymakers, planners and specialists, development experts and agencies, and consultants.
Book Synopsis The Impact Evaluation of Cluster Development Programs by : Franco Boneu
Download or read book The Impact Evaluation of Cluster Development Programs written by Franco Boneu and published by Inter-American Development Bank. This book was released on 2016-05-02 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do cluster development programs work? Do they fundamentally encourage the essential inter-firm linkages and coordination? Do they lead to innovation and productivity, enterprise development, larger employment, and export growth, and if so, after how long? Do other firms benefit from these programs? This book offers insight into quantitative methods that help answer these questions. Cluster development is a form of modern industrial policy that is spreading across the world to help exploit the externalities emerging from geographical agglomeration and inter-firm coordination. Therefore, rigorous impact evaluations are necessary because they help policymakers understand better ways to design future programs and provide accountability for public resources. The chapters argue that enterprise clusters and the programs to support them are diverse and multidimensional processes that require a variety of instruments to be fully understood and assessed. The book as a whole gathers various methodological essays and quantitative tests of complementary tools and approaches, emphasizing their usefulness and effectiveness in coordination with one another. Most importantly, it asserts that policy evaluation is crucial, in particular when it comes to cluster development programs, to ensure the best use of public resources, the accountability of beneficiaries, and most of all to feed the necessary learning to improve the design and implementation of public policies for enterprise development.
Book Synopsis Building an Innovation Hotspot by : Alicia Cameron
Download or read book Building an Innovation Hotspot written by Alicia Cameron and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can you increase innovation at local levels and build new technology hotspots? Building an Innovation Hotspot outlines the approaches governments, communities and industry have used to stimulate innovation and examines the evidence behind them. It also identifies real-world examples where these approaches have worked and where they have failed. As future industries will be built on new technologies – particularly digital technologies – the final chapters of this book consider how artificial intelligence, blockchain, augmented and virtual reality, and 3D printing might change not just where innovation occurs, but innovation itself. Stimulating innovation will be key to addressing our future needs in the shadow of the COVID-19 pandemic and in tackling the all-pervasive impacts of climate change. This is an essential book for anyone looking to build their local economy and compete in a more globalised world connected by the next wave of digital technology.
Book Synopsis Industry Clusters and Innovation in the Arab World by : Raghda El Ebrashi
Download or read book Industry Clusters and Innovation in the Arab World written by Raghda El Ebrashi and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2023-06-13 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industry clusters promote innovation in the Arab World, through collaboration among businesses, research institutions, and governments. Benefits include the creation and sharing of knowledge, professional networking, access to spill-over knowledge, and specialized talent pools.
Book Synopsis Industrial Cluster & Higher Education by : Jomphong Mongkhonvanit
Download or read book Industrial Cluster & Higher Education written by Jomphong Mongkhonvanit and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2010-08-11 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With emphasis on economic growth since the mid twentieth century in which industrial and scientific revolutions played important roles in society, the priority of university and education has been shift to the contributor to knowledge, economy and innovation, as many argue that knowledge and skill becomes a key factor of production. As industrial clusters were emerged as a mean to improve competitiveness of industry in global and knowledge economy, this book is to investigate the roles of industrial clustering and roles of universities in development of industrial clusters and competitiveness. The seven chapters in this book feature frameworks and concepts, along with case studies in different regions and countries, to understand the dynamics and development of cooperation between industrial clusters and higher education to enhance national and regional competitiveness.
