Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Essays On Economic Integration Migration And Secondary Markets
Download Essays On Economic Integration Migration And Secondary Markets full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Essays On Economic Integration Migration And Secondary Markets ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Essays on Economic Integration, Migration, and Secondary Markets by : Max St. Brown
Download or read book Essays on Economic Integration, Migration, and Secondary Markets written by Max St. Brown and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 2, North Korean Internal Migration, analyzes the determinants of interprovincial migration within North Korea. The analysis stands out from similar analyses of other countries due to North Korea's strict restrictions on labor mobility. Despite these restrictions, it is found that economic variables play a statistically significant role in accounting for variations in interprovincial migration rates. All else equal, there are more migrations towards provinces with strong industry growth and provinces that contain a special economic zone.
Download or read book Essays on economic integration written by and published by Rozenberg Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays on Economic Migration and Public Economics by : Cynthia van der Werf Cuadros
Download or read book Essays on Economic Migration and Public Economics written by Cynthia van der Werf Cuadros and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation adds to our understanding of how public policies support disadvantaged populations and how spillovers of those policies affect the population as a whole. It contributes to the literature by examining how language classes generate host-country specific skills, and promote the economic and cultural integration of refugees. It also adds to our understanding of the consequences of refugee reallocation on natives' outcomes by determining whether refugee' influx affects the academic achievement of native children. Finally, it studies how the Food Stamp program also benefits non-participants as it increases the availability of food and raises employment in the food retail industry. Chapter 1, studies how the largest inflow of refugees in U.S. history - the inflow of Indochinese refugees at the end of the Vietnam War - affected native children's academic achievement and post-secondary education. To identify the causal effect of refugees on native students' academic success, I use novel data from the U.S. National Archives that contain refugees' first county of destination. This was determined by resettlement agencies and, as I will show, was uncorrelated with previous schooling conditions. I find zero or small positive effects from the inflow of Indochinese refugees on native children's academic achievement. These estimates are small and precisely estimated. There is also evidence of an improvement in the quality of native students' post-secondary education as native students were more likely to complete bachelor and graduate degrees if they were living in counties where refugees were a higher share of the population. Chapter 2, joint work with Mette Foged, examines whether language classes for newly resettled refugees in Denmark promote their economic integration. We use travel time by public transport to language training centers as an instrument for host-country language acquisition by refugees to show that language instruction has a strong positive effect on proficiency in the host-country language and enrollment in formal education in the host country. As refugees are dispersed across municipalities and allocated to public housing in the municipalities based on availability at the date of arrival, travel time is uncorrelated with refugees' characteristics at arrival. Moreover, we also exploit variation in travel time that results from the opening and closure of language training centers. We find positive effects on employment and annual earnings but our IV results are not significant. The increase in earnings comes mainly from the extensive margin as we find no evidence of a positive effect on hours of work per week or hourly wage. The findings suggest that language instructions increase language proficiency and stimulate immigrants to invest in human capital which likely delays and increases any positive labor market return to early language learning investments. Interestingly, we find similar effects for men and women. Chapter 3, joint work with Timothy K.M. Beatty and Marianne P. Bitler, studies how food assistance programs shape the retail food environment. Food assistance is a large part of the food economy, with SNAP redemptions totaling $76 billion in 2013, or more than 10% of sales at supermarkets. Yet, we know next to nothing about how these programs affect food stores. We fill this gap, using a validated causal research strategy from the literature. Did the roll-out of Food Stamps during the 1960s and 1970s affect the retail environment at the time? We find that locations with earlier Food Stamp programs have more food stores, more workers in those stores, and higher real sales.
Book Synopsis The Economic Sociology of Immigration by : Alejandro Portes
Download or read book The Economic Sociology of Immigration written by Alejandro Portes and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 1995-06-22 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Portes suggests that immigration constitutes an especially appropriate Mertonian 'strategic research site' for economic sociology in that it provides very good opportunities for investigating the embeddedness of economic relationships in social situations....the contributors expand the conventional domain of economic sociology quite literally in both time and space."—Contemporary Sociology "Alejandro Portes and his splendid band of collaborators make clear that the causes, processes, and consequences of migration vary dramatically from group to group, that a group's history makes a profound difference to its fate in the American economy. They have produced a sinewy book, a book worth arguing with."—Charles Tilly, Columbia University The Economic Sociology of Immigration forges a dynamic link between the theoretical innovations of economic sociology with the latest empirical findings from immigration research, an area of critical concern as the problems of ethnic poverty and inequality become increasingly profound. Alejandro Portes' lucid overview of sociological approaches to economic phenomena provides the framework for six thoughtful, wide-ranging investigations into ethnic and immigrant labor networks and social resources, entrepreneurship, and cultural assimilation. Mark Granovetter illustrates how small businesses built on the bonds of ethnicity and kinship can, under certain conditions, flourish remarkably well. Bryan R. Roberts demonstrates how immigrant groups' expectations of the duration of their stay influence their propensity toward entrepreneurship. Ivan Light and Carolyn Rosenstein chart how specific metropolitan environments have stimulated or impeded entrepreneurial ventures in five ethnic populations. Saskia Sassen provides a revealing analysis of the unexpectedly flexible and vital labor market networks maintained between immigrants and their native countries, while M. Patricia Fernandez Kelly looks specifically at the black inner city to examine how insular cultural values hinder the acquisition of skills and jobs outside the neighborhood. Alejandro Portes also depicts the difference between the attitudes of American-born youths and those of recent immigrants and its effect on the economic success of immigrant children.
Book Synopsis Economic Policy in Globalization by : Joachim Jarreau
Download or read book Economic Policy in Globalization written by Joachim Jarreau and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis consists of four chapters that examine various aspects of economic policy in its relation to globalization and economic integration. The first chapter considers the question of the link between trade specialization and growth. The results identify a robust empirical ink between initial level of sophistication at province level and real GOP per capita growth in the case of China. The second chapter examines the relationship between the structure of the Chinese banking system and the structure of exports. The empirical study reveals the presence of credit constraints weighing on domestic private firms, which export relatively less in sectors more dependent on external financing. The third chapter examines the impact of immigration on labor markets in a setting with fragmented regional markets. It shows that in this framework, the spatial mobility of migrant workers contributes to increase the efficiency of labor markets, but immigration policy becomes more restrictive under certain conditions. The fourth chapter examines the determinants of preferential free trade agreements. It shows that the gains in market access are a stronger determinant of a country's probability of signing an agreement than the gains accruing to consumers in the form of lower prices.
Book Synopsis Three Essays on Immigrants’ Socio-economic Integration in the United States by : Tao Song
Download or read book Three Essays on Immigrants’ Socio-economic Integration in the United States written by Tao Song and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using data from the U.S. censuses and American Community Surveys from 1950 to 2010, my dissertation investigates immigrants’ socio-economic integration in the U.S. I aim to study the causes and consequences of immigrants’ integration in the U.S. and to offer insights on policies that could facilitate immigrants in their assimilation process. The first chapter analyzes the increasing native-immigrant wage gaps since the 1980s. The second chapter studies the increasing wage premiums of intermarried immigrants since the 1980s. The third chapter studies why people live in ethnic enclaves. I find that technological change and globalization, which have increased the relative price of U.S.-specific social-communication and managerial skills since the 1980s, are important drivers of the widening wage gaps between natives and immigrants as well as the increasing wage premiums of intermarried immigrants. I also find that ethnic enclaves have a â€pulling†effect whereby immigration inflows to cities can simultaneously attract co-ethnic natives already living in the receiving cities to remain and entice co-ethnic natives living outside of the receiving cities to migrate in. I also find that this pulling effect is not due to potential monetary benefits in the labor market but is instead likely due to the lower housing prices and non-monetary benefits such as language convenience and ethnic amenities.
Book Synopsis Essays on the Economics of Migration and Cultural Identity by : Alexia Lochmann
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Migration and Cultural Identity written by Alexia Lochmann and published by . This book was released on 2020* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays on Economic Integration and Inequality by : Mingzhi Xu
Download or read book Essays on Economic Integration and Inequality written by Mingzhi Xu and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic activities worldwide are becoming increasingly integrated, in terms of freely traded consumption, globalized production as well as information sharing alike. The tightened linkages are thought to improve resource allocation, promote technology transfer and enhance living standard, while the challenge for policymakers is to ensure that these benefits are sufficiently widely shared. It highlights the importance of understanding how economic integration affects labor. My dissertation focuses on the how integration shapes the organization of production and the effects on the well-being. The first chapter focuses the impacts of integration by removing information transmission barrier on the diffusion of economic activities as well as its welfare and inequality consequence. The paper studies the aggregate and distributional impacts of high-speed railways (HSR) in an economy with internal trade and migration costs. I make two contributions to the understanding of the impacts of large transportation infrastructure projects. Firstly, taking advantage of the rapid expansion as plausible exogenous shocks that improves firm-to-firm matching efficiency across regions over time, I identify the causal relationship between HSR connection and exporting performance in case of China. We find the connection to HSR significantly promotes a region's exports. Besides the direct impact, I also find the positive spillovers of HSR, and such effect is stronger in areas closer to HSR hubs. Our second contribution is to shed light on the mechanisms at work by relating the HSR-driven regional outsourcing to the HSR-driven increases in welfare and inequality. To do so, I construct and calibrate a quantitative spatial equilibrium model with producer-supplier linkage, taking care of trade, migration, and outsourcing in a unified framework to examine the general equilibrium effects of the HSR and to perform counterfactuals. Chapter 2 studies the role of international trade for household income polarization, the phenomenon in which the size of high- and low-income groups increases but mid-income group declines. I propose a new channel that emphasizes the supply change of skills in rationalizing the phenomenon. We build a simple theory of trade featuring endogenous choices on occupation and firm productivity. In the model, individuals choose to become low-skilled, high-skilled workers, or entrepreneurs based on their innate abilities. Entrepreneurs improve the firm efficiency by investing in the managerial effort. I show that while the households with high human capital optimally respond to export opportunity by moving up the income distribution, other households with median level human capital self-select downward the income distribution, the long run consequence of which may be the polarization in labor market. An empirical test of the model reveals that Chinese regions facing more export exposure exhibit stronger pattern of labor market polarization. While my first two research focus on the welfare changes within-country in case of the largest developing country in the world, China, my third part of dissertation compares a country's living standard in an international framework. Chapter 3, a joint work with my advisor Robert Feenstra and Alexis Antoniades, compares the cost of living for cities in China and in the United States using barcode data, as a complement to the International Comparisons Program (ICP) supervised by the World Bank. We find that, in both countries, there is a greater variety of products in larger cities. But in China, unlike the United States, the prices of products tend to be lower in larger cities. We attribute the lower prices to a pro-competitive effect, whereby larger cities attract more brands and retailers which leads to lower markups and prices. Combining the effect of greater variety and lower prices, it follows that the cost-of-living for grocery-store products in China is lower in larger cities. We further compare the cost-of-living indexes for particular product categories between China and the United States. In product categories with a significant presence of U.S. brands in the Chinese market, the availability of additional Chinese brands leads to greater variety than in the United States, and therefore lower Chinese price indexes for that reason. In product categories with much less presence of U.S. brands in the Chinese market, however, the observed prices differences between the countries (usually lower prices in China) are partially or fully offset by the variety differences (less variety in China), so that the cost of living in China is not as low as the price differences suggest, especially in smaller cities.
Book Synopsis Economy in Society by : Michael J. Piore
Download or read book Economy in Society written by Michael J. Piore and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prominent economists discuss internal labor markets, the dynamics of immigration, labor market regulation, and other key topics in the work of Michael J. Piore. In Economy in Society, five prominent social scientists honor Michael J. Piore in original essays that explore key topics in Piore's work and make significant independent contributions in their own right. Piore is distinctive for his original research that explores the interaction of social, political, and economic considerations in the labor market and in the economic development of nations and regions. The essays in this volume reflect this rigorous interdisciplinary approach to important social and economic questions. M. Diane Burton's essay extends our understanding of internal labor markets by considering the influence of surrounding firms; Natasha Iskander builds on Piore's theory of immigration with a study of Mexican construction workers in two cities; Suzanne Berger highlights insights from Piore's work on technology and industrial development; Andrew Schrank takes up the theme of regulatory discretion; and Charles Sabel discusses theories of public bureaucracy.
Book Synopsis Globalization in Historical Perspective by : Michael D. Bordo
Download or read book Globalization in Historical Perspective written by Michael D. Bordo and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As awareness of the process of globalization grows and the study of its effects becomes increasingly important to governments and businesses (as well as to a sizable opposition), the need for historical understanding also increases. Despite the importance of the topic, few attempts have been made to present a long-term economic analysis of the phenomenon, one that frames the issue by examining its place in the long history of international integration. This volume collects eleven papers doing exactly that and more. The first group of essays explores how the process of globalization can be measured in terms of the long-term integration of different markets-from the markets for goods and commodities to those for labor and capital, and from the sixteenth century to the present. The second set of contributions places this knowledge in a wider context, examining some of the trends and questions that have emerged as markets converge and diverge: the roles of technology and geography are both considered, along with the controversial issues of globalization's effects on inequality and social justice and the roles of political institutions in responding to them. The final group of essays addresses the international financial systems that play such a large part in guiding the process of globalization, considering the influence of exchange rate regimes, financial development, financial crises, and the architecture of the international financial system itself. This volume reveals a much larger picture of the process of globalization, one that stretches from the establishment of a global economic system during the nineteenth century through the disruptions of two world wars and the Great Depression into the present day. The keen analysis, insight, and wisdom in this volume will have something to offer a wide range of readers interested in this important issue.
Book Synopsis Essays in Development Economics by : Ling Zhou (économiste).)
Download or read book Essays in Development Economics written by Ling Zhou (économiste).) and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human behaviors are usually affected by social environment and policies or rules imposed by the governors. Nowadays we observe an increase in interactions between different communities around the world, partly as a result of transportation development and economic integration. Identity as a product of social environment becomes the link or tool for cooperation and confrontation in these interactions. Migration shaped by policies or rules also attracts increasing attention for the opportunities, problems, and conflicts that it brings to different areas involved. It is thus important to understand how identity affects group interactions and how migration is affected by policies or rules. What researchers often neglect is that the policy or regulation impact can be shaped by multiple interacted channels at the same time. For Chapter 1, titled “Favoring your in-group can harm both them and you: ethnicity and public goods provision in China”, with my coauthors César Mantilla, Charlotte Wang, Donghui Yang, and Suping Shen, and Paul Seabright, we conducted lab-in-the-field experiments in Xishuangbanna, home to 25 out of 55 official Chinese ethnic minorities. We find that participants in trust games send around 15% more to partners they know to be co-ethnics than to those whose ethnicity they do not know. Receivers' behavior is determined by amounts received and not by perceived ethnicity. In line with the previous literature we find that subjects contribute more to public goods in ethnically homogeneous groups than in mixed groups. We find evidence for a new explanation that is not due to different intrinsic preferences for cooperation with ingroup and outgroup members. Instead, subjects' willingness to punish in-group members for free-riding is reduced when out-group members are present. This leads to lower contributions and net earnings in mixed groups. Thus favoritism towards co-ethnics can hurt both those engaging in favoritism and those being favored. In Chapter 2, titled “Marriage, Migration, and Migration Policy: Evidence from Hukou Reform in China”, I focus on two questions. First, how much do marriage prospects affect individual's migration choices? Second, how does marriage shape the effectiveness of migration policies? To study these questions, I develop a dynamic migration and marriage model where migration policies regulate migrant access to local benefits. I show that merit-based migration policies have very limited effects on migrant composition if we take into account the marital gains and spouse adjustments to policies. Empirically, I estimate the model using Chinese data. I first show that intermarriage opportunities drive 10% of migration of singles aged 20-35 in 2000. I then show that if migrants could obtain local hukou right after migration, the migrant inflows of young people to large cities would increase by 2 times in 2000. Neglecting the indirect policy impact through marriage markets, we would underestimate the migration of men by about 30% and of women by 40% in large cities. In Chapter 3, titled “Revealed or Forced: Migration Response to Pollution Disclosure”, co-authored with Zichen Deng, we examine the impact of pollution information disclosure on individual location responses to air pollution. The inference of information value can be misleading if we attribute the behavioral changes after information disclosure only to misperception. This paper studies the impact of an influential national air quality information disclosure program in China in 2013-2015 on individual migration responses to air pollution. Specifically, we exploit the roll-out of this program and the variation in regional initial pollution. The migration measures are obtained from detailed individual migration history in the Population Census 2015. We demonstrate that the resulting migration responses are not only due to changed perception of health risk [...].
Book Synopsis Labor Markets, Migration, and Mobility by : William Cochrane
Download or read book Labor Markets, Migration, and Mobility written by William Cochrane and published by Springer. This book was released on 2022-03-04 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is devoted to three key themes central to studies in regional science: the sub-national labor market, migration, and mobility, and their analysis. The book brings together essays that cover a wide range of topics including the development of uncertainty in national and subnational population projections; the impacts of widening and deepening human capital; the relationship between migration, neighborhood change, and area-based urban policy; the facilitating role played by outmigration and remittances in economic transition; and the contrasting importance of quality of life and quality of business for domestic and international migrants. All of the contributions here are by leading figures in their fields and employ state-of-the art methodologies. Given the variety of topics and themes covered this book, it will appeal to a broad range of readers interested in both regional science and related disciplines such as demography, population economics, and public policy.
Book Synopsis Immigration and Social Systems by : Christina Boswell
Download or read book Immigration and Social Systems written by Christina Boswell and published by Amsterdam University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-01 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Michael Bommes (1954–2010) was one the most brilliant and original scholars of migration studies in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. This posthumously published collection brings together a selection of his most important essays on immigration, transnationalism, irregular migration, and migrant networks. “In Bommes, the academy lost a scholar with penetrating analyses of migration, the welfare state and social systems where the two interact. By completing his last project, Boswell and D'Amato have done scholarship a lasting service. A major contribution to public debate and a tribute to a very great man.”—Randall Hansen, University of Toronto
Book Synopsis Essays on Economic Integration and Labour Markets by : Andromachi S. Piperakis
Download or read book Essays on Economic Integration and Labour Markets written by Andromachi S. Piperakis and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays of Economic Development and Migration by : Maria Adriaantje Kleemans
Download or read book Essays of Economic Development and Migration written by Maria Adriaantje Kleemans and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is composed of three chapters and studies issues related to economic development and migration. The first chapter looks at migration choice in an environment where people face risk and liquidity constraints. The second chapter, which is co-authored with Jeremy Magruder, studies the labor market impact of immigration in Indonesia. The third chapter is written together with Joan Hamory Hick and Edward Miguel and examines selection into migration in Kenya. The first paper develops and tests a migration choice model that incorporates two prominent migration strategies used by households facing risk and liquidity constraints. On the one hand, migration can be used as an ex-post risk-coping strategy after sudden negative income shocks. On the other hand, migration can be seen an as investment, but liquidity constraints may prevent households from paying up-front migration costs, in which case positive income shocks may increase migration. These diverging migratory responses to shocks are modeled within a dynamic migration choice framework that I test using a 20-year panel of internal migration decisions by 38,914 individuals in Indonesia. I document evidence that migration increases after contemporaneous negative income shocks as well as after an accumulation of preceding positive shocks. Consistent with the model, I find that migration after negative shocks is more often characterized by temporary moves to rural destinations and is more likely to be used by those with low levels of wealth, while investment migration is more likely to involve urban destinations, occur over longer distances, and be longer in duration. Structural estimation of the model reveals that migration costs are higher for those with lower levels of wealth and education, and suggests that the two migration strategies act as substitutes, meaning that those who migrate to cope with a negative shock are less likely to invest in migration. I use the structural estimates to simulate policy experiments of providing credit and subsidizing migration, and I explore the impact of increased weather shock intensity in order to better understand the possible impact of climate change on migration. The second paper studies the labor market impact of internal migration in Indonesia by instrumenting migrant flows with rainfall shocks at the origin area. Estimates reveal that a one percentage point increase in the share of migrants decreases income by 1.22 percent and reduces employment by 0.26 percentage points. These effects are different across sectors: employment reductions are concentrated in the formal sector, while income reduction occurs in the informal sector. Negative consequences are most pronounced for low-skilled natives, even though migrants are systematically highly skilled. We suggest that the two-sector nature of the labor market may explain this pattern. The third paper exploits a new longitudinal dataset to examine selective migration among 1,500 Kenyan youth originally living in rural areas. More than one-third of individuals report moving to an urban area during the study period. Understanding how this migration differs for people with different ability levels is important for correctly estimating urban-rural wage gaps, and for characterizing the process of "structural transformation" out of agriculture. We examine whether migration rates are related to individual "ability", broadly defined to include cognitive aptitude as well as health, and then use these estimates to determine how much of the urban-rural wage gap in Kenya is due to selection versus actual productivity differences. Whereas previous empirical work has focused on schooling attainment as a proxy for cognitive ability, we employ an arguably preferable measure, a pre-migration primary school academic test score. Pre-migration randomized assignment to a deworming treatment program provides variation in health status. We find a positive relationship between both measures of human capital (cognitive ability and deworming) and subsequent migration, though only the former is robust at standard statistical significance levels. Specifically, an increase of two standard deviations in academic test score increases the likelihood of rural-urban migration by 17%. Results are robust to conditioning on household demographic and socioeconomic measures that might capture some aspect of credit constraints or household bargaining. In an interesting contrast with the existing literature, schooling attainment is not significantly associated with urban migration once cognitive ability is accounted for. In contrast, academic test score performance is not correlated with international migration to neighboring Uganda. Accounting for migration selection due to both cognitive ability and schooling attainment does not explain more than a small fraction of the sizeable urban-rural wage gap in Kenya, suggesting that productivity differences across sectors remain large.
Author :Kerem Tezic Publisher :Department of Economics School of Economics and Commercial Law Go ISBN 13 : Total Pages :254 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Essays on Immigrants' Economic Integration by : Kerem Tezic
Download or read book Essays on Immigrants' Economic Integration written by Kerem Tezic and published by Department of Economics School of Economics and Commercial Law Go. This book was released on 2004 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays on the Economic and Cultural Integration of Migrants by : Isaure Delaporte
Download or read book Essays on the Economic and Cultural Integration of Migrants written by Isaure Delaporte and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
