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Enzymatic Detoxification Of Organophosphorus Pesticides Fenamiphos And Malathion By Microbacterium Sp Mm1
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Book Synopsis Enzymatic Detoxification of Organophosphorus Pesticides, Fenamiphos and Malathion by Microbacterium Sp. MM1 by : Logeshwaran Panneerselvan
Download or read book Enzymatic Detoxification of Organophosphorus Pesticides, Fenamiphos and Malathion by Microbacterium Sp. MM1 written by Logeshwaran Panneerselvan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organophosphorus compounds constitute the class of xenobiotic chemicals used in the production of plasticizers, air fuel ingredients, warfare agents and pesticides. Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides are generally used to control insect pests that can damage agriculture, horticulture, livestock and human health. Organophosphorus pesticides are generally neurotoxic in nature which causes paralysis, convulsions and ultimately the death of an organism. OP pesticides can result in lethal effects on non-target organisms like birds, animals, aquatic organisms and mammals including human beings. Indiscriminate and excessive production and usage of organophosphorus pesticides results in the contamination of ecosystems. Since OP pesticides are very toxic to aquatic organisms and wildlife, serious concerns about the environmental fate of these chemicals are increasing. Hence effective and safe decontamination strategies are needed for dealing with OP pesticide contamination. Microorganisms play a vital role in the decontamination of OP pesticides in that they utilize OP pesticides as carbon and energy sources and also as nutrient. Phosphotriesterases are enzymes comprising organophosphorus hydrolase, while methyl parathion hydrolase and organophosphorus acid anhydrolase produced by microbes are involved in the decontamination of OP pesticides. Hydrolysis of OP pesticides by the enzyme produced by microorganisms is a critical detoxification process. This study aimed to isolate, purify, identify and clone enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of OP pesticides, fenamiphos and malathion.
Book Synopsis Microbial Degradation of Xenobiotics by : Shree Nath Singh
Download or read book Microbial Degradation of Xenobiotics written by Shree Nath Singh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-07 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our interest in the microbial biodegradation of xenobiotics has increased many folds in recent years to find out sustainable ways for environmental cleanup. Bioremediation and biotransformation processes harness the naturally occurring ability of microbes to degrade, transform or accumulate a wide range of organic pollutants. Major methodological breakthroughs in recent years through detailed genomic, metagenomic, proteomic, bioinformatic and other high-throughput analyses of environmentally relevant microorganisms have provided us unprecedented insights into key biodegradative pathways and the ability of organisms to adapt to changing environmental conditions. The degradation of a wide spectrum of organic pollutants and wastes discharged into the environment by anthropogenic activities is an emerging need today to promote sustainable development of our society with low environmental impact. Microbial processes play a major role in the removal of recalcitrant compounds taking advantage of the astonishing catabolic versatility of microorganisms to degrade or transform such compounds. New breakthroughs in sequencing, genomics, proteomics, bioinformatics and imaging are generating vital information which opens a new era providing new insights of metabolic and regulatory networks, as well as clues to the evolution of degradation pathways and to the molecular adaptation strategies to changing environmental conditions. Functional genomic and metagenomic approaches are increasing our understanding of the relative importance of different pathways and regulatory networks to carbon flux in particular environments and for particular compounds. New approaches will certainly accelerate the development of bioremediation technologies and biotransformation processes in coming years for natural attenuation of contaminated environments
Book Synopsis Bioremediation of Industrial Waste for Environmental Safety by : Gaurav Saxena
Download or read book Bioremediation of Industrial Waste for Environmental Safety written by Gaurav Saxena and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-29 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Achieving environmental sustainability with rapid industrialization is a major challenge of current scenario worldwide. As globally evident, industries are the key economic drivers, but are also the major polluters as untreated/partially treated effluents discharged from the industries is usually thrown into the aquatic resources and also dumped unattended. Industrial effluents are considered as the major sources of environmental pollution as these contains highly toxic and hazardous pollutants, which reaches far off areas due to the medium of dispersion and thus, create ecological nuisance and health hazards in living beings. Hence, there is an urgent to find ecofriendly solution to deal with industrial waste, and develop sustainable methods for treating/detoxifying wastewater before its release into the environment. Being a low cost and eco-friendly clean technology, bioremediation can be a sustainable alternative to conventional remediation technologies for treatment and management of industrial wastes to protect public health and environment. Therefore, this book (Volume I) covers the bioremediation of different industrial wastes viz. tannery wastewater, pulp and paper mill wastewater, distillery wastewater, acid mine tailing wastes, and many more; which are lacking in a comprehensive manner in previous literature at one place. A separate chapter dedicated to major industries and type of waste produced by them is also included. This book will appeal to students, researchers, scientists, industry persons and professionals in field of microbiology, biotechnology, environmental sciences, eco-toxicology, environmental remediation and waste management and other relevant areas, who aspire to work on the biodegradation and bioremediation of industrial wastes for environmental safety.
Book Synopsis Dictionary of Organophosphorus Compounds by : R. Edmundson
Download or read book Dictionary of Organophosphorus Compounds written by R. Edmundson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1987-11-19 with total page 1404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Abatement of Environmental Pollutants by : Pardeep Singh
Download or read book Abatement of Environmental Pollutants written by Pardeep Singh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-08-27 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abatement of Environmental Pollutants: Trends and Strategies addresses new technologies and provides strategies for environmental scientists, microbiologists and biotechnologists to help solve problems associated with the treatment of industrial wastewater. The book helps readers solve pollution challenges using microorganisms in bioremediation technologies, including discussions on global technologies that have been adopted for the treatment of industrial wastewater and sections on the lack of proper management. Moreover, limited space, more stringent waste disposal regulations and public consciousness have made the present techniques expensive and impractical. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop sustainable management technologies for industries and municipalities. To remove the damaging effect of organic pollutants on the environment, various new technologies for their degradation have been recently discovered. Covers bioremediation of petrochemical pollutants, such as Benzene, Toluene, Xylene, Ethyl Benzene, and phenolic compound Includes discussions on genetic engineering microbes and their potential in pollution abatement Contains information on plant growth promoting bacteria and their role in environment management
Book Synopsis Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons by : Saranya Kuppusamy
Download or read book Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons written by Saranya Kuppusamy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-13 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term “total petroleum hydrocarbons” (TPHs) is used for any mixture of several hundred hydrocarbons found in crude oil, and they represent the sum of volatile petroleum hydrocarbons and extractable petroleum hydrocarbons. The petrol-range organics include hydrocarbons from C6 to C10, while diesel-range organics are C10-C28 hydrocarbons. Environmental pollution by petroleum hydrocarbons is one of the major global concerns, particularly in oil-yielding countries. In fact, there are more than five million potentially contaminated areas worldwide that represent, in general, a lost economic opportunity and a threat to the health and well-being of humans and the environment. Petroleum-contaminated sites constitute almost one-third of the total sites polluted with chemicals around the globe. The land contamination caused by industrialization was recognized as early as the 1960s, but less than a tenth of potentially contaminated lands have been remediated due to the nature of the contamination, cost, technical impracticability, and insufficient land legislation and enforcement. This book is the first single source that provides comprehensive information on the different aspects of TPHs, such as sources and range of products, methods of analysis, fate and bioavailability, ecological implications including impact on human health, potential approaches for bioremediation such as risk-based remediation, and regulatory assessment procedures for TPH-contaminated sites. As such, it is a valuable resource for researchers, graduate students, technicians in the oil industry and remediation practitioners, as well as policy makers.
Book Synopsis Microbe-Induced Degradation of Pesticides by : Shree Nath Singh
Download or read book Microbe-Induced Degradation of Pesticides written by Shree Nath Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-12 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the microbial degradation of endosulfan, lindane, chlorophenols, organochlorine, aldrin, dieldrin, isoproturon and atrazine, etc. which are commonly used in crop fields to kill the pests. Further, it illustrates the role of degradative enzymes, metabolic pathways of degradation, toxicity of metabolites, and the factors regulating the pesticide degradation. In view of persistence of synthetic pesticides, scientists have discovered suitable microbes, such as bacteria, fungi and algae (naturally occurring or genetically engineered) over the years. After successful trials under laboratory and field conditions, these microbes are being used to degrade chemical pesticides in agriculture. As of now 2.56 billion kg of chemical pesticides is used every year to protect agricultural fields against pest attack. These technologies have been found to be highly effective, eco-friendly and cost-effective without disturbing the agro-ecosystems. As this book contains review articles contributed by various researchers from different countries whose work demonstrates recent advances in microbial degradation of pesticides, it will serve as a ready reckoner and also a valuable quick reference guide for scientists, academicians, cultivators and industrialists alike.
Book Synopsis Controlled Release of Pesticides for Sustainable Agriculture by : Rakhimol K. R.
Download or read book Controlled Release of Pesticides for Sustainable Agriculture written by Rakhimol K. R. and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-01 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an introduction to the concept and need of sustainable agriculture, the mechanisms of conventional and controlled release of pesticides, herbicides and plant hormones. It also contains the carriers which supply controlled release including polymers and nanoparticles. A full chapter is devoted to the theory and simulation aspects.
Book Synopsis Advanced Oxidation Processes for Effluent Treatment Plants by : Maulin P. Shah
Download or read book Advanced Oxidation Processes for Effluent Treatment Plants written by Maulin P. Shah and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-07-03 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Oxidation Processes for Effluent Treatment Plants provides a complete overview of the recent advances made in oxidation-based water treatment processes, including their limitations, challenges and potential applications in removing environmental pollutants. The book introduces new trends and advances in environmental bioremediation technology with a thorough discussion of recent developments in this field, with multiple biological and chemical wastewater treatment processes presented in detail. Additionally, every chapter explains the wastewater treatment plants that utilize these methods, illustrating them in terms of plant size, layout, design and installation location. New trends and advances in environmental bioremediation technology are also covered. This is the go-to resources for engineers and scientists requiring an introduction to the principles of environmental bioremediation technologies. Illustrates the importance of various advance oxidation processes in effluent treatment plants Highlights the reuse and recovery of resources from wastewater Examines the occurrence of novel micro-pollutants Emphasizes the role of nanotechnology in the bioremediation of pollutants Introduces new trends in environmental bioremediation
Book Synopsis Basic and Clinical Toxicology of Organophosphorus Compounds by : Mahdi Balali-Mood
Download or read book Basic and Clinical Toxicology of Organophosphorus Compounds written by Mahdi Balali-Mood and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-19 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains the chemistry of Organophosphorus compounds (OPs), their mechanism of toxicity and the history of OPs from their initial discovery to the development of new compounds such as Novichoks. It details the harmful effects to human health both as a result of acute and chronic OP exposure and the necessary clinical management of affected patients to reduce their toxic side effects. The book also explains the detrimental effect that OPs have had on the environment and the efforts being made to prevent this in the future. Finally, the book looks at the incidents where OPs have been used as chemical warfare agents. Basic and Clinical Toxicology of Organophosphorus Compounds aims to act as a comprehensive guide to all aspects of OPs and is a key resource for clinical toxicologists and related health professionals involved in the prevention, diagnosis and clinical management of OP patients, toxicologists and other scientists involved in research on OPs including regulatory issues and postgraduate students in Toxicology and related fields.
Book Synopsis Accessing Uncultivated Microorganisms by : Karsten Zengler
Download or read book Accessing Uncultivated Microorganisms written by Karsten Zengler and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a comprehensive overview and discussing developments in the field, this book details various innovative methods used in microbial ecology and environmental microbiology. It also includes all aspects of microbial diversity from bacteria and fungi to protists.
Book Synopsis Handbook on Applications of Ultrasound by : Dong Chen
Download or read book Handbook on Applications of Ultrasound written by Dong Chen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-07-26 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonic irradiation and the associated sonochemical and sonophysical effects are complementary techniques for driving more efficient chemical reactions and yields. Sonochemistry-the chemical effects and applications of ultrasonic waves-and sustainable (green) chemistry both aim to use less hazardous chemicals and solvents, reduce energy consumpt
Book Synopsis Microbes and Microbial Technology by : Iqbal Ahmad
Download or read book Microbes and Microbial Technology written by Iqbal Ahmad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-01 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on successful application of microbial biotechnology in areas such as medicine, agriculture, environment and human health.
Book Synopsis Managing Arsenic in the Environment by : Ravi Naidu
Download or read book Managing Arsenic in the Environment written by Ravi Naidu and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2006-02-07 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arsenic is one of the most toxic and carcinogenic elements in the environment. This book brings together the current knowledge on arsenic contamination worldwide, reviewing the field, highlighting common themes and pointing to key areas needing future research. Contributions discuss methods for accurate identification and quantification of individual arsenic species in a range of environmental and biological matrices and give an overview of the environmental chemistry of arsenic. Next, chapters deal with the dynamics of arsenic in groundwater and aspects of arsenic in soils and plants, including plant uptake studies, effects on crop quality and yield, and the corresponding food chain and human health issues associated with these exposure pathways. These concerns are coupled with the challenge to develop efficient, cost effective risk management and remediation strategies: recent technological advances are described and assessed, including the use of adsorbants, photo-oxidation, bioremediation and electrokinetic remediation. The book concludes with eleven detailed regional perspectives of the extent and severity of arsenic contamination from around the world. It will be invaluable for arsenic researchers as well as environmental scientists and environmental chemists, toxicologists, medical scientists, and statutory authorities seeking an in-depth view of the issues surrounding this toxin.
Book Synopsis Pesticide Microbiology by : Ian R. Hill
Download or read book Pesticide Microbiology written by Ian R. Hill and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 870 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticides; Microbiological aspects of the soil, plant, aquatic, air and animal environments - soil and plant; Aquatic environments; The air and animals; The behaviour and fate of pesticides in microbial environments; Microbial transformation of pesticides; Transformations of pesticides in the environment - the experimental approach; Some methods for assessing pesticide effects on non-target soil microorganisms and their activities; Pesticide effects on non-target soil microorganisms; Interactions of pesticides with micro-algae; Pesticides and the micro-fauna of soil and water; Microbial degradation of insecticides; Microbial degradation of herbicides; Microbial degradation of fungicides, fumigants and nematocides.
Book Synopsis Microorganisms in Environmental Management by : T. Satyanarayana
Download or read book Microorganisms in Environmental Management written by T. Satyanarayana and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-02 with total page 827 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbes and their biosynthetic capabilities have been invaluable in finding solutions for several intractable problems mankind has encountered in maintaining the quality of the environment. They have, for example, been used to positive effect in human and animal health, genetic engineering, environmental protection, and municipal and industrial waste treatment. Microorganisms have enabled feasible and cost-effective responses which would have been impossible via straightforward chemical or physical engineering methods. Microbial technologies have of late been applied to a range of environmental problems, with considerable success. This survey of recent scientific progress in usefully applying microbes to both environmental management and biotechnology is informed by acknowledgement of the polluting effects on the world around us of soil erosion, the unwanted migration of sediments, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and the improper treatment of human and animal wastes. These harmful phenomena have resulted in serious environmental and social problems around the world, problems which require us to look for solutions elsewhere than in established physical and chemical technologies. Often the answer lies in hybrid applications in which microbial methods are combined with physical and chemical ones. When we remember that these highly effective microorganisms, cultured for a variety of applications, are but a tiny fraction of those to be found in the world around us, we realize the vastness of the untapped and beneficial potential of microorganisms. At present, comprehending the diversity of hitherto uncultured microbes involves the application of metagenomics, with several novel microbial species having been discovered using culture-independent approaches. Edited by recognized leaders in the field, this penetrating assessment of our progress to date in deploying microorganisms to the advantage of environmental management and biotechnology will be widely welcomed.
