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Author : Weigao Xie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (712 download)
Download or read book Enhancing Reliability in IEEE 802.15.4 Based Wireless Sensor Networks written by Weigao Xie and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Sumudu Wijetunge
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (881 download)
Download or read book Performance Analysis of IEEE 802.15.4 Based Wireless Sensor Networks written by Sumudu Wijetunge and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis investigates performance of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard in the context of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) deployed in pervasive monitoring. IEEE 802.15.4 has been widely acknowledged as the standard physical (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) layer specifcations for WSNs due to its simple protocol stack and low power operation. Mathematical models and computer simulations were devised to analyse the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol and to improve its performance under different applications and operational conditions. First, the beacon-enabled mode of the protocol with acknowledgments (ACKs) was analysed using a discrete time Markov chain (DTMC). The proposed model provides a generalised platform to evaluate the impact of different network and MAC layer parameters and erroneous channel conditions on the performance of the protocol. Second, performance of the non-beacon-enabled mode of the protocol was investigated both with and without ACKs. The outcomes of these analyses were then used to compare and contrast the performance of two operational modes. Third, impact of the presence of hidden nodes on the performance of IEEE 802.15.4 based networks was examined. Using a DTMC model and network simulations, it was shown that the throughput of the protocol is severely reduced due to increased transmission failures caused by hidden nodes. Finally, a new hybrid MAC mechanism was proposed to improve the performance of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard in the context of recently emerged hybrid monitoring applications. Simulation based experiments show that the proposed hybrid protocol not only outperforms the standard protocol, but also provides a reliable, energy effcient and delay limited transmission mechanism for hybrid monitoring WSNs. This thesis has provided a platform for further studies on the performance analysis and application specific tailoring of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard in the context of WSNs.
Author : Martin Turba
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (864 download)
Download or read book Measuring and Evaluating Link Quality Metrics in IEEE 802.15.4-Based Wireless Sensor Networks written by Martin Turba and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Stefano Tennina
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783642373695
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (736 download)
Download or read book IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee as Enabling Technologies for Low-Power Wireless Systems with Quality-of-Service Constraints written by Stefano Tennina and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-05-29 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book outlines the most important characteristics of IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee and how they can be used to engineer Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) systems and applications, with a particular focus on Quality-of-Service (QoS) aspects. It starts by providing a snapshot of the most relevant features of these two protocols, identifying some gaps in the standard specifications. Then it describes several state-of-the-art open-source implementations, models and tools that have been designed by the authors and have been widely used by the international community. The book also outlines the fundamental performance limits of IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee networks, based on well-sustained analytical, simulation and experimental models, including how to dimension such networks to optimize delay/energy trade-offs.
Author : Ee Foong Lee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Improving Data Transmission Reliability and Throughput in Wireless Sensor Networks written by Ee Foong Lee and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Emilio Farran Díaz-Cano
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (84 download)
Download or read book Guaranteed Time Slots Management for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on IEEE 802.15.4 written by Emilio Farran Díaz-Cano and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Abdul Haffiz Shuaib
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (757 download)
Download or read book Energy Efficient Protocols for the IEEE 802.15.4 Enabled Wireless Sensor Networks written by Abdul Haffiz Shuaib and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Instruments that observe entire systems in situ, using a relatively large number of interconnected and inexpensive nodes are expected to be enabled primarily by Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). These instruments place certain service demands on the underlying network e.g. connectivity, coverage, quality of service assurance arid energy efficient utilization. The IEEE 802.15.4 Low Rate Wireless Personal Area Network (LR-WPAN) specification is kitted with components that can deliver (or at least provide support for the delivery of) these services. As this specification is relatively new, with the first version released in 2003. a revision in 2006 and an update in 2007, it was incumbent that its operational mechanisms were well understood, to allow for efficient cross layer interaction between the different processes that make up the specification and existing or new higher layer protocols. To that end. in this thesis, we created a model of the specification that captured all but one of its functional requirements i.e. the security component. We studied and evaluated this model using a combination of a high fidelity simulation and mathematical tools. From these studies, we were able to identify areas in which the specification could be improved upon without extensive modification. Also identified were areas of cross layer interactions. The knowledge gained from the above was used to propose and evaluate three higher layer mechanisms/protocols including; a scalable dynamic topology control algorithm, a routing and transport protocol. All of which leveraged the services offered by the IEEE 802.15.4 specification to deliver on the objectives required of a WSN. These proposed higher layer mechanisms/protocols were thoroughly evaluated in order to demonstrate their flexibility, scalability and energy efficiency capabilities.
Author : Muhamad Syamsu Iqbal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Performance of IEEE 802.15.4 Beaconless-enabled Protocol for Low Data Rate Ad Hoc Wireless Sensor Networks written by Muhamad Syamsu Iqbal and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : F. Qin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (829 download)
Download or read book Technologies to Improve the Performance of Wireless Sensor Networks in High-traffic Applications written by F. Qin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The expansion of wireless sensor networks to advanced areas, including structure health monitoring, multimedia surveillance, and health care monitoring applications, has resulted in new and complex problems. Traditional sensor systems are designed and optimised for extremely low traffic loads. However, it has been witnessed that network performance drops rapidly with the higher traffic loads common in advanced applications. In this thesis, we examine the system characteristics and new system requirements of these advanced sensor network applications. Based on this analysis, we propose an improved architecture for wireless sensor systems to increase the network performance while maintaining compatibility with the essential WSN requirements: low power, low cost, and distributed scalability. We propose a modified architecture deriving from the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, which is shown to significantly increase the network performance in applications generating increased data loads. This is achieved by introducing the possibility of independently allocating the sub-carriers in a distributed manner. As a result, the overall efficiency of the channel contention mechanism will be increased to deliver higher throughput with lower energy consumption. Additionally, we develop the concept of increasing the data transmission efficiency by adapting the spreading code length to the wireless environment. Such a modification will not only be able to deliver higher throughput but also maintain a reliable wireless link in the harsh RF environment. Finally, we propose the use of the battery recovery effect to increase the power efficiency of the system under heavy traffic load conditions. These three innovations minimise the contention window period while maximising the capacity of the available channel, which is shown to increase network performance in terms of energy efficiency, throughput and latency. The proposed system is shown to be backwards compatible and able to satisfy both traditional and advanced applications and is particularly suitable for deployment in harsh RF environments. Experiments and analytic techniques have been described and developed to produce performance metrics for all the proposed techniques.
Author : David Andreu Lozano
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (84 download)
Download or read book Implementation and Performance Evaluation of IEEE 802.15.4 Protocol written by David Andreu Lozano and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: English: In recent years, wireless sensor networks have attracted great interest of both academy and industry due to the wide range of contexts in which they can be used. Considering the large number of applications and huge-scale deployments wireless sensor networks have been envisioned, standardization is a critical issue to guarantee the interoperability among platforms. The IEEE 802.15.4 has become the most notable standard for wireless sensor networks and many software and hardware platforms are based on it. The implementation and performance analysis of this standard is essential to understand the fundamental limitations of it. Moreover, evaluation tools play an important role to test new algorithms and other protocols based on this standard. Simulation is one the most valuable tools in protocol prototyping design and evaluation. Although there are many simulators available for wireless networks, many of them are not user-friendly programmable. On the other side, MATLAB becomes very popular in different fields since it provides a powerful and easy to use environment. However, the number of wireless sensor network simulators built on it is scarce. In this thesis, a new simulator is developed using MATLAB for IEEE 802.15.4 protocol which combines simplicity and accuracy. The performance of the simulator in terms of packet delivery rate and average delay is compared with an analytical model that considers all the key aspects of the standard. The simulator also provides a graphic user interface that allows the user to define and draw network topologies. Moreover, the simulator includes a debugging tool which permits to see graphically the 802.15.4 PHY and MAC events occurred during the simulation. This allows the user to analyze the underlying communication among the nodes. Furthermore, although some practical software implementations of IEEE 802.15.4 protocol are available, there is no explicit comparison with their theoretical bound of the network performance. TKN15.4 is the most advanced software implementation. However, its validation through theoretical models has not been studied before. The performance of TKN15.4 is evaluated and compared with the proposed analytical model. The impact of the known clock drift is also analyzed for TKN15.4. Significant misalignments of the slot boundaries and loss of beacon frames are observed, resulting in a certain gap with the theory.
Author : Nourhene Maalel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (919 download)
Download or read book Reliability in Wireless Sensor Networks written by Nourhene Maalel and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decades, we have witnessed a proliferation of potential application domainsfor wireless sensor networks (WSN). A comprehensive number of new services such asenvironment monitoring, target tracking, military surveillance and healthcare applicationshave arisen. These networked sensors are usually deployed randomly and left unattendedto perform their mission properly and efficiently. Meanwhile, sensors have to operate ina constrained environment with functional and operational challenges mainly related toresource limitations (energy supply, scarce computational abilities...) and to the noisyreal world of deployment. This harsh environment can cause packet loss or node failurewhich hamper the network activity. Thus, continuous delivery of data requires reliabledata transmission and adaptability to the dynamic environment. Ensuring network reliabilityis consequently a key concern in WSNs and it is even more important in emergencyapplication such disaster management application where reliable data delivery is the keysuccess factor. The main objective of this thesis is to design a reliable end to end solution for data transmission fulfilling the requirements of the constrained WSNs. We tackle two design issues namely recovery from node failure and packet losses and propose solutions to enhance the network reliability. We start by studying WSNs features with a focus on technical challenges and techniques of reliability in order to identify the open issues. Based on this study, we propose a scalable and distributed approach for network recovery from nodefailures in WSNs called CoMN2. Then, we present a lightweight mechanism for packetloss recovery and route quality awareness in WSNs called AJIA. This protocol exploitsthe overhearing feature characterizing the wireless channels as an implicit acknowledgment(ACK) mechanism. In addition, the protocol allows for an adaptive selection of therouting path by achieving required retransmissions on the most reliable link. We provethat AJIA outperforms its competitor AODV in term of delivery ratio in different channelconditions. Thereafter, we present ARRP, a variant of AJIA, combining the strengthsof retransmissions, node collaboration and Forward Error Correction (FEC) in order toprovide a reliable packet loss recovery scheme. We verify the efficiency of ARRP throughextensive simulations which proved its high reliability in comparison to its competitor.
Download or read book Wireless Sensor Node Power Profiling Based on IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.15.4 Communication Protocols written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most wireless sensor network (comprising of thousands of WSNs) applications require operation over extended periods of time beginning with their deployment. Network lifetime is extremely critical for most applications and is one of the limiting factors for energy-constrained networks. Based on applications, there are wide ranges of different energy sources suitable for powering WSNs. A battery is traditionally used to power WSNs. The deployed WSN is required to last for long time. Due to finite amount of energy present in batteries, it is not feasible to replace batteries. Recently there has been a new surge in the area of energy harvesting were ambient energy in the environment can be utilized to prolong the lifetime of WSNs. Some of the sources of ambient energies are solar power, thermal gradient, human motion and body heat, vibrations, and ambient RF energy. The design and development of TEGs to power WSNs that would remain active for a long period of time requires comprehensive understanding of WSN operational. This motivates the research in modeling the lifetime, i.e., power consumption, of a WSN by taking into consideration various node and network level activities. A WSN must perform three essential tasks: sense events, perform quick local information processing of sensed events, and wirelessly exchange locally processed data with the base station or with other WSNs in the network. Each task has a power cost per unit tine and an additional cost when switching between tasks. There are number of other considerations that must also be taken into account when computing the power consumption associated with each task. The considerations includes: number of events occurring in a fixed active time period and the duration of each event, event-information processing time, total communication time, number of retransmission, etc. Additionally, at the network level the communication of information data packets between WSNs involves collisions, latency, and retransmission, which result in unanticipated power losses. This report focuses rigorous stochastic modeling of power demand for a schedule-driven WSN utilizing Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 802.11 and 802.15.4 communication protocols. The model captures the generic operation of a schedule-driven WSN when an external event occurs, i.e., sensing, following by processing, and followed by communication. The report will present development of an expression to compute the expected energy consumption per operational cycle of a schedule-driven WSN by taking into consideration the node level activities, i.e., sensing and processing, and the network level activities, i.e., channel access, packet collision, retransmission attempts, and transmission of a data packet.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 165 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (939 download)
Download or read book Enhanced Reliability in Wireless Sensor Networks written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Bilal Muhammad Khan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book High QoS and Energy Efficient Medium Access Control Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks written by Bilal Muhammad Khan and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development of Wireless Sensor Nodes revolutionaries sensing and control application. The size of sensor node makes it ideal to be used in variety of applications, but this brings more challenges and problems especially as the capacity of onboard battery is limited. It is due to the very reason that initial research in the field of WSN especially on MAC targets mainly on the energy conservation and gives secondary importance towards other attributes of MAC protocols. These attributes includes latency, throughput, fairness and collision. This research keeping in view of current application requirements which demands QoS as well as energy conservation in static and mobile sensor networks proposes MAC protocols to meet these challenges. In this research to improve the efficiency of the collision resolution algorithms used in mainly contention based MAC protocols, an Improved Binary Exponential Backoff Algorithm is proposed. The main target of this protocol is to resolve the problem of access collision by employing interim backoff period. The protocol targets to improve upon the performance of conventional Binary Exponential Backoff Algorithm which suffers heavily from collision. The result shows significant reduction in collision which increases the efficiency of the network in terms of QoS and energy conservation. To eliminate the problem of collision which is one of the major sources of network performance degradation a novel Delay Controlled Collision Free contention based MAC is designed. The protocol uses novel delay allocation technique. DCCF also provides mechanism to achieve fairness among the nodes. Detailed analysis and comparative result shows substantial increase in throughput and decrease in latency as compared to Industrial standard of IEEE 802.15.4 CSMA/CA MAC. The research also proposed novel MAC protocols for mobile sensor networks. These protocols uses a methodology which is based upon signal strength of the beacon sent to the node from various neighbouring coordinators that enable the nodes to seamlessly enter from one cluster to another without any link loss and unnecessary delays in the shape of association. The proposed scheme is implemented over IEEE 802.15.4 enabling the standard to perform better with dynamic topology. Result shows that mobility adaptive 802.15.4 protocol shows improvement in QoS and conserve energy far better than the existing conventional CSMA/CA MAC standard. Also the algorithm is implemented over Delay Controlled Collision Free Mac protocol and a detail comparison is carried out with other mobility adaptive MAC protocols. The result shows significant decrease in latency as well as high gain in throughput and considerable reduction in energy as compared to the mobility adaptive MAC protocols. Finally in order to resolve fundamental problem of scalable network which suffers from bottleneck as more nodes in the last hop tries to send data towards the sink, a novel protocol is proposed which allows more than one node at a time to transmit the data towards the sink. The protocol named Simultaneous Multi node CSMA/CA enables the conventional industrial standard of IEEE 802.15.4 CSMA/CA protocol to allow more than one node to transmit the data towards the coordinator or sink node. The protocol out performs the existing standard and provides significant increase in QoS of the network.
Author : Dharshana Vijayaraghavan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 43 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (75 download)
Download or read book Performance Analysis of IEEE 802.15.4 for Body Area Networks written by Dharshana Vijayaraghavan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The next generation of older people is outnumbering the younger ones. Statistics show that it will reach 761 million by 2025, more than double of what it was in 1990. This will put an enormous demand on the health care systems. The recent advancements in wireless networking enabled proliferation of wireless sensor networks. These sensor networks are capable of monitoring and controlling environments remotely, thereby reducing the workload of medical care. Body area networks (BAN) have revolutionized the remote patient monitoring system. Sensors implanted in the body collect the vital sign data and report any anomaly to a physician. A wireless technology is required to transmit these signals. Although many solutions are available today to address this, a globally standardized technology is necessary. We investigated the available IEEE standard 802.15.1(Bluetooth) and 802.15.4 (ZigBee) to decide the best fit for BAN. ZigBee/802.15.4 proved to be the most suitable for this application. It has an excellent battery life which is the most important factor in BAN as the sensors are implanted within the body. We evaluate the performance of slotted CSMA/CA mechanism and GTS mechanism of 802.15.4 standard. The beacon enabled mode is used with broadcast transmissions. We provide an accurate simulation model with respect to the specifications of IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The effect of the different attributes (Superframe order (SO), Beacon order (BO) and Backoff exponent (BE)) on the network performance is analyzed.
Download or read book คู่มือการดูแลทันตสุขภาพของหญิงมีครรภ์ทารกและเด็กวัยก่อนเรียนสําหรับบุคลากรสาธารณสุขทุกระดับ written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Amir Ehsani Zonouz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (17 download)
Download or read book Application Communication Reliability in Wireless Sensor Networks written by Amir Ehsani Zonouz and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results from reliability modeling and analysis are key contributors to the design and tuning activities of critical computer-based engineering systems. In many cases, particularly in smart systems that are capable of analyzing a situation and making decisions based on available data in an adaptive or predictive manner thereby performing intelligent actions, the operation of physical and engineered systems is monitored, coordinated, controlled, and integrated by a computing and communication core, which is based on networked wireless sensors. While the Internet has transformed the way we exchange information with one another, networked sensor systems are taking this stride further to build an environmentally-aware network that empower us to assimilate a deeper and broader understanding of the physical world than ever. But to ensure reliable and safe operation of sensor systems, it is critical that the communication among these smart wireless sensors be reliable and dependable. Any network outage, loss of transmitted data, or failure to capture important data decreases the users' trust on the system. From the viewpoint of researchers, developers and even consumers, reliability analysis is therefore an indispensable step before sensor systems can be widely deployed for mission-critical applications. This dissertation focuses on application communication of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), which relates to the transfer of sensed data collected from physical environments to the sink node through wireless links. We propose a time-dependent link failure model that incorporates the consideration of battery discharge for different types of batteries, sensor node power consumption, and wireless channel conditions for link reliability evaluation. We model and analyze the application communication reliability (ACR) of WSNs supporting K-coverage in the presence of shadowing for a specific monitored area. Impacts of the proposed link failure model, different K-coverage requirements, routing protocols, network density, and channel conditions on ACR are studied. A prototype software tool is developed to implement the proposed reliability models and methods for WSNs under the application communication paradigm. Another contribution is to investigate energy-efficient, reliable routing algorithms for data communications within WSNs. Particularly, a comprehensive cost function-based routing protocol is proposed, which integrates end-to-end path reliability, residual energy in battery-powered sensor nodes (BPSNs) and cost of communication paths to provide satisfactory quality of service to applications running on WSN. We also investigate optimal locations for energy harvesting sensor nodes (EHSNs) in hybrid WSNs consisting of BPSNs and EHSNs. Methods based on importance analysis, centrality concept and Genetic algorithm are investigated for the considered optimization problem to provide the best combination of average path reliability, implementation path cost, and average energy consumption. In this dissertation, we also investigate the concept of small-world for improving communication reliability and energy consumption of wireless networks. Small-world phenomenon is an important property of many complex networks possessing small average shortest path lengths and high clustering coefficients. We investigate solutions based on extension of wireless links to create the small-world property in wireless networks that typically have large average shortest path length due to the locality of physical connections.
