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Engineering Performance Characteristics Of Hardwood Cross Laminated Timber
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Book Synopsis Engineering Performance Characteristics of Hardwood Cross-laminated Timber by : Xinfeng Xie
Download or read book Engineering Performance Characteristics of Hardwood Cross-laminated Timber written by Xinfeng Xie and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hardwood industry in the Great Lakes region faces tremendous economic and competitive pressures that demand companies to focus on developing innovative and value-added products from undervalued hardwood materials (Fig. 1). Particularly in Michigan, there is an abundant supply of hardwood resource and there have not been many new applications for the low grades of hardwood materials (Ross and Erickson 2005). This project addresses the issues that are important to local sawmills and wood products manufacturers in reducing material waste and increasing profitability. It is also important to the economic growth and development in the region. The use of low-grade and undervalued hardwood materials in engineered wood products such as cross-laminated timber (CLT) will create new opportunities for many hardwood companies in the region. The technical information gained through this project will facilitate the development of new hardwood CLT products using local hardwood species.
Download or read book CLT Handbook written by Erol Karacabeyli and published by . This book was released on 2013-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cross-laminated Timber by : Joshua Strahm
Download or read book Cross-laminated Timber written by Joshua Strahm and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developed in Europe in the early 1990's, cross-laminated timber (CLT) is beginning to make its way into the North American building construction market. Similar to other types of engineered wood products, such as Glulam, CLT is an efficient and economical way to use natural wood resources. This report introduces the product with its structural characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, manufacturing, and construction. ANSI/APA PRG 320 Standard for Performance-Rated Cross-Laminated Timber published by APA - The Engineered Wood Association is the manufacturing standard for CLT in the United States. Manufacturers will supply reference design values for design engineers to check the strength of CLT members. Methods used to determine reference design values include experimental and analytical studies. CLT has many benefits in construction but also has challenges due to architects', engineers', and contractors' unfamiliarity with the product. A few projects have been built using CLT in the United States including a building at Oregon State University and one at the University of Arkansas.
Book Synopsis Cross-Laminated Timber Design: Structural Properties, Standards, and Safety by : Mustafa Mahamid
Download or read book Cross-Laminated Timber Design: Structural Properties, Standards, and Safety written by Mustafa Mahamid and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2020-03-27 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. Master the practice of designing structures with cross-laminated timber This comprehensive guide explains the design standards, safety protocols, and codes and regulations engineers need to know to use cross-laminated timber as a structural building material. Featuring contributions from experts in the field, Cross-Laminated Timber Design: Structural Properties, Standards, and Safety introduces the material properties of CLT and goes on to cover the recommended lateral and vertical design techniques. You will get clear explanations of all relevant NDS, ASCE 7, and IBC provisions along with real-world examples and case studies. Sustainability and environmental issues are discussed in full detail. Coverage includes: • An introduction to cross-laminated timber • Product standards for cross-laminated timber • Structural design—gravity • Structural design—lateral • Structural connections • Building envelope design with cross-laminated timber • Acoustics for CLT projects • Fire for CLT projects • Environmental aspects of CLT as a construction material • Sustainability of cross-laminated timber
Book Synopsis BONDING HARDWOOD LUMBER FOR CROSS LAMINATED TIMBER by :
Download or read book BONDING HARDWOOD LUMBER FOR CROSS LAMINATED TIMBER written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a prefabricated engineered wood product that are made of at least three orthogonal layers of graded sawn lumber or structural composite lumber (SCL) that are laminated by gluing with structural adhesives. The concept of CLT has been developed into a global adaptable building material. The advancement rates of CLT as mass building material in production volume and distribution has unwrapped up new opportunities for hardwood species, which traditionally have not been extensively used for structural engineering applications. The objectives of this research are to provide key information on engineering performance, as well as baseline data on the adhesion properties of bonding northern hardwood species and their environmental impacts. The methodology used in this study followed specific standard guidelines including; the Standard for performance-rated CLT panels (ANSI/APA PRG-320-2012; 2016), the Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesive Bonds in Shear by Compression Loading (ASTM D905), Standard Practice for Estimating the Percentage of Wood Failure in Adhesive Bonded Joints (ASTM D5266), the Standard Specification for Adhesives for Bonded Structural Wood Products for Use Under Exterior Exposure Conditions (ASTM D2559), Test Methods for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (AITC Test 2007) and ISO 14044 on the environmental management- life cycle assessment requirements and guidelines. The results showed that bonding strength is positively related to wood density; high density diffuse-porous species (such as hard maple and yellow birch) have low percentage of wood failure when used in single species or mixed with each other for CLT production. The average bonding shear strength of cross-laminated mixed hardwoods was 5% (P85%) from the small block test was very high. Although, there was record of individual hard maple sample blocks recording very low percentage wood failure (>25%). The results from the bending tests are promising since the experimental results show that both hard maple CLT and hard maple-spruce hybrid CLT meets and exceed the shear and bending strength requirements in ANSI/APA PRG-320-2012 CLT Grade E3. The major failure modes found were shear failure, bottom splint and delamination.25%). The results from the bending tests are promising since the experimental results show that both hard maple CLT and hard maple-spruce hybrid CLT meets and exceed the shear and bending strength requirements in ANSI/APA PRG-320-2012 CLT Grade E3. The major failure modes found were shear failure, bottom splint and delamination. Finally, the cradle-gate life cycle analysis of hardwood and softwood CLT indicated that resorcinol (PRF) and hardwood combinations have the highest environmental impact (10300 and 60900 Kg CO2 eq; 1890000 MJ and 1140000 MJ of total energy consumed respectively). Comparably, softwood has less environmental impact compared to hardwood in CLT manufacturing and melamine base adhesive has a reduction of 34% of energy demand and 11% in GWP when bonded with softwood compared to a combination with hardwoods bonded with resorcinol. Over 70% of the energy in CLT was from non-renewable sources.
Book Synopsis Overview of Systems in Timber Engineering. Use of Cross-laminated Timber with Two Specific Examples by : Xavier Sucarrats Olius
Download or read book Overview of Systems in Timber Engineering. Use of Cross-laminated Timber with Two Specific Examples written by Xavier Sucarrats Olius and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systems in timber engineering. Use of Cross laminated timber with two concrete examples" is my Final Project of Grade. This project summarizes the most common timber systems used over time. It studies thoroughly the wood product "Cross laminated timber", which is a relatively new wood product that was first introduced in the 1990's in Austria and has gained popularity in residential and non-residential buildings in many European countries and around the world in the recent past. Two specific projects of two existing single-family houses are designed with CLT solid wood panels. This paper is divided into three parts: In the first part an overview of the construction systems in timber construction is given. The systems are introduced, their characteristics and loadbearing performance are explained in a superficial way. The second part deals with Cross laminated timber. In this chapter, an extensive study of this wood system is carried out. X-LAM, its abbreviation, is introduced in many general aspects as a product. All the specific and technic information which is shown is, in particular, form the Austrian firm "KLH Massivholz Gmbh", which I had the pleasure and honour to visit. And in the final third part, two projects of two single-family houses are shown. Starting from a basic plan of the house, which have been obtained from two architects with which I'm truly grateful for their help, X-LAM system is used to design the house. Floor plans, sections, details and concrete component connections are designed.
Book Synopsis Cross-laminated Timber Engineering by : Anthonie Kramer
Download or read book Cross-laminated Timber Engineering written by Anthonie Kramer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of cross-laminated timber (CLT) panel technology has opened up new opportunities for wood in tall buildings. Several characteristics including seismic performance and speed of construction have raised interest among designers. As CLT gains acceptance in the industry, alternative structural solutions need to be investigated to improve performance of CLT as a building material. The first study presented is an assessment of the viability of hybrid poplar for use in CLT panels. Hybrid poplar is a low density species, which is not typically considered for structural applications. Low density species have the potential to improve the structural efficiency of CLT panels. The tests conducted are based on the qualification of panels outlined in the ANSI/APA PRG-320: Standard for Performance-Rated Cross-Laminated Timber to determine the structural viability of the CLT panels. The second study presented is an investigation of a new alternative energy dissipation solution to be used with cross-laminated timber rocking walls for seismic design. The energy dissipators are designed as a structural fuse which can be easily replaced after failure following a large seismic event. The results of this study give insight to alternative solutions for CLT to improve upon current applications.
Book Synopsis Cross-laminated Timber by : Exova BM TRADA.
Download or read book Cross-laminated Timber written by Exova BM TRADA. and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis 100 Projects UK CLT by : Waugh Thistleton Architects
Download or read book 100 Projects UK CLT written by Waugh Thistleton Architects and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The benefits of cross-laminated timber (CLT) are clear: building in timber is quick, clean, and easy. It can be achieved with a measured accuracy and lack of noise, waste, or need for material storage space. This book is a study of the 100 of the most significant buildings constructed from CLT in the United Kingdom over the past 15 years. Authors Andrew Waugh and Anthony Thistleton of Waugh Thistleton Architects have contacted a wide range of individuals and businesses to interview them about their experiences building in CLT to help inform this book." -- Thinkwood.com.
Book Synopsis Timber Engineering by : Sven Thelandersson
Download or read book Timber Engineering written by Sven Thelandersson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-03-14 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Timber construction is one of the most prevalent methods of constructing buildings in North America and an increasingly significant method of construction in Europe and the rest of the world. Timber Engineering deals not only with the structural aspects of timber construction, structural components, joints and systems based on solid timber and engineered wood products, but also material behaviour and properties on a wood element level. Produced by internationally renowned experts in the field, this book represents the state of the art in research on the understanding of the material behaviour of solid wood and engineered wood products. There is no comparable compendium currently available on the topic - the subjects represented include the most recent phenomena of timber engineering and the newest development of practice-related research. Grouped into three different sections, 'Basic properties of wood-based structural elements', 'Design aspects on timber structures' and 'Joints and structural assemblies', this book focuses on key issues in the understanding of: timber as a modern engineered construction material with controlled and documented properties the background for design of structural systems based on timber and engineered wood products the background for structural design of joints in structural timber systems Furthermore, this invaluable book contains advanced teaching material for all technical schools and universities involved in timber engineering. It also provides an essential resource for timber engineering students and researchers, as well as practicing structural and civil engineers.
Book Synopsis Timber Structures and Engineering by : De Proft, K.
Download or read book Timber Structures and Engineering written by De Proft, K. and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains papers presented at the 1st International Conference on Timber Structures, which was held in collaboration with the Technical Centre of Wood Industry in Belgium. It explores the latest developments in wood products and their application as structural components. The focus of the included works is to draw attention to new research and real applications from both researchers and practitioners, and to present new and innovative ideas in this significant field. Rapid advances have recently been made in the development and processing of innovative ecologically friendly wood products. A variation of new structural shapes can now be fabricated and used to construct buildings and bridges which have minimal impact on the environment. Wood is particularly appealing since it is renewable and has no carbon footprint when it is harvested in a sustainable way. Timber structures are ecologically sound and comparatively low cost. The material lends itself to ground-breaking designs and new types of composites offer reliable, robust and safe materials. The content of this book comprises a range of topics: Material properties of wood; Durability aspects, service life modelling; Fire safety of timber structures; Protection against decay; Non-destructive inspection and monitoring; Glued, laminated structures, Xlam and CLT; Timber joints and connections; Vernacular wood and heritage timber structures; Timber housing and eco-architecture; Timber bridges; Large span timber roof structures; Shell structures in timber; Mixed, composite and hybrid structures; Computational analysis and experimental methods; Structural engineering and design; Seismic behaviour of timber structures; Protection of timber; Repaired timber structures; Rapidly assembled and transferable timber structures; Guidelines, codes and regulations; Structural failures; Art and craftsmanship.
Book Synopsis CIGOS 2021, Emerging Technologies and Applications for Green Infrastructure by : Cuong Ha-Minh
Download or read book CIGOS 2021, Emerging Technologies and Applications for Green Infrastructure written by Cuong Ha-Minh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-28 with total page 1861 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the key role of green infrastructure (GI) in providing natural and ecosystem solutions, helping alleviate many of the environmental, social, and economic problems caused by rapid urbanization. The book gathers the emerging technologies and applications in various disciplines involving geotechnics, civil engineering, and structures, which are presented in numerous high-quality papers by worldwide researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and entrepreneurs at the 6th CIGOS event, 2021. Moreover, by sharing knowledge and experiences around emerging GI technologies and policy issues, the book aims at encouraging adoption of GI technologies as well as building capacity for implementing GI practices at all scales. This book is useful for researchers and professionals in designing, building, and managing sustainable buildings and infrastructure.
Book Synopsis High Performance and Optimum Design of Structures and Materials III by : W. P. De Wilde
Download or read book High Performance and Optimum Design of Structures and Materials III written by W. P. De Wilde and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2018-12-03 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers presented at the 2018 International Conference on High Performance and Optimum Design of Structures and Materials are contained in this volume. These papers address issues involving advanced types of structures, particularly those based on new concepts or new materials and their system design. The use of novel materials and new structural concepts nowadays is not restricted to highly technical areas like aerospace, aeronautical applications or the automotive industry, but affects all engineering fields including those such as civil engineering and architecture. Most high performance structures require the development of a generation of new materials, which can more easily resist a range of external stimuli or react in a non-conventional manner. Particular emphasis is placed on intelligent structures and materials as well as the application of computational methods for their modelling, control and management. Optimisation problems discussed in this book involve those related to size, shape and topology of structures and materials. Optimisation techniques have much to offer to those involved in the design of new industrial products. The development of new algorithms and the appearance of powerful commercial computer codes with easy to use graphical interfaces has created a fertile field for the incorporation of optimisation in the design process in all engineering disciplines. The latest developments in design, optimisation, manufacturing and experimentation are highlighted in this book.
Book Synopsis Cross-Laminated Timber by : Zhiqiang Wang
Download or read book Cross-Laminated Timber written by Zhiqiang Wang and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a popular engineering wood product in recent years. It has some characteristics of configuration and mechanical properties, which makes it an excellent building material for floor, roof and other places. In Europe and North America, lots of middle and high-rise buildings have adopted CLT as their main structural component. CLT has recently been used to construct public buildings in China. As a building material, the lower rolling shear properties of CLT has always been a concern. To overcome this shortcoming of CLT, the structural composite lumber and bamboo have been employed to develop hybrid CLT. This chapter also presents the latest development and advances of CLT in China.
Download or read book CLT Handbook written by Sylvain Gagnon and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Materials and Joints in Timber Structures by : Simon Aicher
Download or read book Materials and Joints in Timber Structures written by Simon Aicher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-25 with total page 815 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the contributions from the RILEM International Symposium on Materials and Joints in Timber Structures that was held in Stuttgart, Germany from October 8 to 10, 2013. It covers recent developments in the materials and the joints used in modern timber structures. Regarding basic wooden materials, the contributions highlight the widened spectrum of products comprising cross-laminated timber, glulam and LVL from hardwoods and block glued elements. Timber concrete compounds, cement bonded wood composites and innovative light-weight constructions represent increasingly employed alternatives for floors, bridges and facades. With regard to jointing technologies, considerable advances in both mechanical connections and glued joints are presented. Self-tapping screws have created unprecedented options for reliable, strong as well as ductile joints and reinforcement technologies. Regarding adhesives, which constitute the basis of the jointing/laminating technology of modern timber products, extended options for tailor-made bonding solutions have to be stated. Apart from melamine-urea and phenolic-resorcinol adhesives, one-component-polyurethanes, emulsion isocyanate polymers and epoxies offer a wide range of possibilities. The contributions dealing with experimental and numerical investigations on static, cyclic and seismic behavior of structures clearly reveal the enhanced potential of modern timber construction for reliable and sustainable buildings and bridges of the new millennium. The book is structured in nine thematic areas, being I) Structures II) Mechanical Connections III) Glued Joints and Adhesives IV) Timber and Concrete/Cement/Polymer Composites V) Cyclic, Seismic Behavior VI) Hardwood, Modified Wood and Bamboo VII) Cross-Laminated Timber VIII) Properties and Testing of Wood IX) Glulam
Book Synopsis Engineered Wood Products for Construction by : Meng Gong
Download or read book Engineered Wood Products for Construction written by Meng Gong and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-04-28 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wood is a gift from nature. It is a sustainable and renewable bio-composite material that possesses a natural ability to mitigate carbon dioxide. However, due to deforestation and climate change, it has become necessary to develop alternative building and construction materials. Engineered wood products (EWPs) such as parallel strand lumber, laminated veneer lumber, and cross-laminated timber are promising substitutions for conventional lumber products. This book presents a comprehensive overview of EWPs, including information on their classification, design, synthesis, properties, and more. It is divided into two sections: “General Overviews and Applications of EWPs” and “Recent Research and Development of EWPs”. The book is a valuable reference for manufacturers, engineers, architects, builders, researchers, and students in the field of construction.
