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Author : Ryan James Prenger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (35 download)
Download or read book Encoding and Decoding of Natural Images by the Mid-level Visual System written by Ryan James Prenger and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Kendrick Norris Kay
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 522 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (35 download)
Download or read book The Encoding of Natural Images in Human Visual Cortex written by Kendrick Norris Kay and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : H.-J. Heinze
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461202833
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)
Download or read book Cognitive Electrophysiology written by H.-J. Heinze and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MICHAEL S. GAZZANIGA The investigation of the human brain and mind involves a myriad of ap proaches. Cognitive neuroscience has grown out of the appreciation that these approaches have common goals that are separate from other goals in the neural sciences. By identifying cognition as the construct of interest, cognitive neuro science limits the scope of investigation to higher mental functions, while simultaneously tackling the greatest complexity of creation, the human mind. The chapters of this collection have their common thread in cognitive neuroscience. They attack the major cognitive processes using functional stud ies in humans. Indeed, functional measures of human sensation, perception, and cognition are the keystone of much of the neuroscience of cognitive sci ence, and event-related potentials (ERPs) represent a methodological "coming of age" in the study of the intricate temporal characteristics of cognition. Moreover, as the field of cognitive ERPs has matured, the very nature of physiology has undergone a significant revolution. It is no longer sufficient to describe the physiology of non-human primates; one must consider also the detailed knowledge of human brain function and cognition that is now available from functional studies in humans-including the electrophysiological studies in humans described here. Together with functional imaging of the human brain via positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), ERPs fill our quiver with the arrows required to pierce more than the single neuron, but the networks of cognition.
Author : Nora Jane Brackbill
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)
Download or read book Natural Image Processing in the Primate Retina written by Nora Jane Brackbill and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The retina is the first stage of the visual system, where light is absorbed and encoded in the spikes of neurons. Information from roughly 100 million photoreceptors is compressed to the outputs of roughly 1 million neurons, called retinal ganglion cells, that make up the optic nerve. This is the brain's only source of visual information, yet how the retina uses this limited bandwidth is not well understood. This is particularly true for natural vision in primates, despite its relevance for human health applications, as retinal research is primarily done in non-primate species using targeted, artificial stimuli. Here, large-scale, multi-electrode recordings are used to investigate natural image processing in the primate retina through the complementary lenses of encoding, where computational models are used to predict the responses of RGCs to natural stimuli, and decoding, or reconstruction, where the stimulus is estimated from the RGC responses.
Author : Stephen M. Kosslyn
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190292512
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)
Download or read book The Case for Mental Imagery written by Stephen M. Kosslyn and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-03-09 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When we try to remember whether we left a window open or closed, do we actually see the window in our mind? If we do, does this mental image play a role in how we think? For almost a century, scientists have debated whether mental images play a functional role in cognition. In The Case for Mental Imagery, Stephen Kosslyn, William Thompson, and Giorgio Ganis present a complete and unified argument that mental images do depict information, and that these depictions do play a functional role in human cognition. They outline a specific theory of how depictive representations are used in information processing, and show how these representations arise from neural processes. To support this theory, they seamlessly weave together conceptual analyses and the many varied empirical findings from cognitive psychology and neuroscience. In doing so, they present the conceptual grounds for positing this type of internal representation and summarize and refute arguments to the contrary. Their argument also serves as a historical review of the imagery debate from its earliest inception to its most recent phases, and provides ample evidence that significant progress has been made in our understanding of mental imagery. In illustrating how scientists think about one of the most difficult problems in psychology and neuroscience, this book goes beyond the debate to explore the nature of cognition and to draw out implications for the study of consciousness. Student and professional researchers in vision science, cognitive psychology, philosophy, and neuroscience will find The Case for Mental Imagery to be an invaluable resource for understanding not only the imagery debate, but also and more broadly, the nature of thought, and how theory and research shape the evolution of scientific debates.
Author : Nikolaus Kriegeskorte
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262016249
Total Pages : 659 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)
Download or read book Visual Population Codes written by Nikolaus Kriegeskorte and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How visual content is represented in neuronal population codes and how to analyze such codes with multivariate techniques. Vision is a massively parallel computational process, in which the retinal image is transformed over a sequence of stages so as to emphasize behaviorally relevant information (such as object category and identity) and deemphasize other information (such as viewpoint and lighting). The processes behind vision operate by concurrent computation and message passing among neurons within a visual area and between different areas. The theoretical concept of "population code" encapsulates the idea that visual content is represented at each stage by the pattern of activity across the local population of neurons. Understanding visual population codes ultimately requires multichannel measurement and multivariate analysis of activity patterns. Over the past decade, the multivariate approach has gained significant momentum in vision research. Functional imaging and cell recording measure brain activity in fundamentally different ways, but they now use similar theoretical concepts and mathematical tools in their modeling and analyses. With a focus on the ventral processing stream thought to underlie object recognition, this book presents recent advances in our understanding of visual population codes, novel multivariate pattern-information analysis techniques, and the beginnings of a unified perspective for cell recording and functional imaging. It serves as an introduction, overview, and reference for scientists and students across disciplines who are interested in human and primate vision and, more generally, in understanding how the brain represents and processes information.
Author : Yoon Ho Bai
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (124 download)
Download or read book Representation of Natural Image Sequences in the Primate Visual System written by Yoon Ho Bai and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fundamental goal of sensory processing is predicting the future state of the environment. Visual prediction is difficult because the stream of images on the retina evolves according to irregular, curved trajectories. We posit that the visual system seeks to transform natural inputs such that neural representations follow straighter and more predictable trajectories. Previous work has provided psychophysical evidence for this hypothesis by showing that the human visual system selectively straightens the temporal trajectories of natural movies, thus facilitating their extrapolation. In this thesis, I investigate the neural basis of perceptual straightening. We hypothesize that perceptual straightening is achieved through a series of cascaded transformations and found supporting evidence from psychophysical and neurophysiological measurements. We estimated the curvature of internal trajectories from human perceptual judgements across distinct sub-regions of the visual field. Perceptual results suggest that computations that underlie object recognition overlap with those that straighten natural movies, thereby revealing deficits in both processes--crowding and absence of straightening in the periphery. We posit that straightening occurs at multiple stages in the ventral stream as it is linked to recognizing objects. Next, we investigated if straightening occurs as early as the primary visual cortex (V1). We developed a novel computational tool to infer trajectories from neural populations and found robust straightening in V1 recordings from anesthetized macaques. Next, we explored the computational basis of V1 results with an image-computable model. We built a model to describe well-known computations of V1 cells and tested the model with the same movie stimuli. Model-predictions reveal that these computations only partially engage the mechanisms for straightening, revealing the involvement of more complex visual mechanisms. To further test our hypothesis, we asked if additional straightening occurs across the V1-V2 cascade. We recorded populations in areas V1 and V2 from awake fixating monkeys. Consistent with our hypothesis, we find incremental straightening between V1 and V2 elicited by the same natural movies. Together, we find collective evidence of neural straightening as an emergent property that contributes to perceptual straightening in a progressive manner starting from the early stages of vision
Author : Jan Leonard Hemmen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195148223
Total Pages : 531 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (951 download)
Download or read book 23 Problems in Systems Neuroscience written by Jan Leonard Hemmen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complexity of the brain and the protean nature of behavior remain the most elusive area of science, but also the most important. van Hemmen and Sejnowski invited 23 experts from the many areas--from evolution to qualia--of systems neuroscience to formulate one problem each. Although each chapter was written independently and can be read separately, together they provide a useful roadmap to the field of systems neuroscience and will serve as a source of inspirations for future explorers of the brain.
Author : Yoav Tadmor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (599 download)
Download or read book Processing of Natural Images by the Human Visual System written by Yoav Tadmor and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Richard B. Buxton
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139481304
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)
Download or read book Introduction to Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Richard B. Buxton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-27 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has become a standard tool for mapping the working brain's activation patterns, both in health and in disease. It is an interdisciplinary field and crosses the borders of neuroscience, psychology, psychiatry, radiology, mathematics, physics and engineering. Developments in techniques, procedures and our understanding of this field are expanding rapidly. In this second edition of Introduction to Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Richard Buxton – a leading authority on fMRI – provides an invaluable guide to how fMRI works, from introducing the basic ideas and principles to the underlying physics and physiology. He covers the relationship between fMRI and other imaging techniques and includes a guide to the statistical analysis of fMRI data. This book will be useful both to the experienced radiographer, and the clinician or researcher with no previous knowledge of the technology.
Author : Dipak Kumar Kole
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819726115
Total Pages : 728 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (197 download)
Download or read book Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Frontiers in Computing and Systems written by Dipak Kumar Kole and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Harold L. Miller, Jr.
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1452256713
Total Pages : 1173 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (522 download)
Download or read book The SAGE Encyclopedia of Theory in Psychology written by Harold L. Miller, Jr. and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2016-05-24 with total page 1173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing together a team of international scholars, The SAGE Encyclopedia of Theory in Psychology examines the contemporary landscape of all the key theories and theorists, presenting them in the context needed to understand their strengths and weaknesses. Key features include: · Approximately 300 signed entries fill two volumes · Entries are followed by Cross-References and Further Readings · A Reader's Guide in the front matter groups entries thematically · A detailed Index and the Cross-References provide for effective search-and-browse in the electronic version · Back matter includes a Chronology of theory within the field of psychology, a Master Bibliography, and an annotated Resource Guide to classic books in this field, journals, associations, and their websites The SAGE Encyclopedia of Theory in Psychology is an exceptional and scholarly source for researching the theory of psychology, making it a must-have reference for all academic libraries.
Author : Shintaro Funahashi
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811972680
Total Pages : 554 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (119 download)
Download or read book Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex written by Shintaro Funahashi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-12-13 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prefrontal cortex is known to play important roles for performing a variety of higher cognitive functions. Among regions of the prefrontal cortex, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex plays the most important roles for these functions. This book focuses on functions of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, summarizes research results obtained mainly by non-human primate studies, and describes neural mechanisms of executive functions that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex participates. First, to understand the feature of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and how its function has been understood, anatomical and functional features of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and historical overview of prefrontal functions are described. To understand functions of the prefrontal cortex and neural mechanisms of executive functions, working memory is an important concept and sustained activation during the memory period of working memory tasks is known as a neural mechanism of working memory. Therefore, this book describes features of sustained memory-related activity based on neurophysiological results obtained in the prefrontal cortex and how memory-related activity contributes to executive functions including control of attention, inhibitory control, task management, and planning. And further, this book describes how the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex contributes to neural mechanisms for sensory and motor processing, memory control in multi-task performance, decision-making, metacognition, and top-down control. Thus, this book provides important information regarding neural mechanisms of dorsolateral prefrontal functions to neuroscientists and helps to plan further investigation to understand prefrontal functions in primates and human subjects.
Author : Lingfei Wu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811660549
Total Pages : 701 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)
Download or read book Graph Neural Networks: Foundations, Frontiers, and Applications written by Lingfei Wu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-03 with total page 701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deep Learning models are at the core of artificial intelligence research today. It is well known that deep learning techniques are disruptive for Euclidean data, such as images or sequence data, and not immediately applicable to graph-structured data such as text. This gap has driven a wave of research for deep learning on graphs, including graph representation learning, graph generation, and graph classification. The new neural network architectures on graph-structured data (graph neural networks, GNNs in short) have performed remarkably on these tasks, demonstrated by applications in social networks, bioinformatics, and medical informatics. Despite these successes, GNNs still face many challenges ranging from the foundational methodologies to the theoretical understandings of the power of the graph representation learning. This book provides a comprehensive introduction of GNNs. It first discusses the goals of graph representation learning and then reviews the history, current developments, and future directions of GNNs. The second part presents and reviews fundamental methods and theories concerning GNNs while the third part describes various frontiers that are built on the GNNs. The book concludes with an overview of recent developments in a number of applications using GNNs. This book is suitable for a wide audience including undergraduate and graduate students, postdoctoral researchers, professors and lecturers, as well as industrial and government practitioners who are new to this area or who already have some basic background but want to learn more about advanced and promising techniques and applications.
Author : Johannes M. Zanker
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642565506
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)
Download or read book Motion Vision written by Johannes M. Zanker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In six parts, this book considers the extent to which computational, neural, and ecological constraints have shaped the mechanisms underlying motion vision: - Early Motion Vision - Motion Signals for Local and Global Analysis - Optical Flow Patterns - Motion Vision in Action - Neural Coding of Motion - Motion in Natural Environments Each topic is introduced by a keynote chapter which is accompanied by several companion articles. Written by an international group of experts in neurobiology, psychophysics, animal behaviour, machine vision, and robotics, the book is designed to explore as comprehensively as possible the present state of knowledge concerning the principal factors that have guided the evolution of motion vision.
Author : Sheng-Lung Peng
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811371504
Total Pages : 525 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)
Download or read book Computing and Network Sustainability written by Sheng-Lung Peng and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-02 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a compilation of technical papers presented at the International Research Symposium on Computing and Network Sustainability (IRSCNS 2018) held in Goa, India on 30–31st August 2018. It covers areas such as sustainable computing and security, sustainable systems and technologies, sustainable methodologies and applications, sustainable networks applications and solutions, user-centered services and systems and mobile data management. Presenting novel and recent technologies, it is a valuable resource for researchers and industry professionals alike.
Author : Yao Zhao
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319715895
Total Pages : 636 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)
Download or read book Image and Graphics written by Yao Zhao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-29 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This three-volume set LNCS 10666, 10667, and 10668 constitutes the refereed conference proceedings of the 9thInternational Conference on Image and Graphics, ICIG 2017, held in Shanghai, China, in September 2017. The 172 full papers were selected from 370 submissions and focus on advances of theory, techniques and algorithms as well as innovative technologies of image, video and graphics processing and fostering innovation, entrepreneurship, and networking.
