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Emissions And Air Quality Impacts Of Freight Transportation
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Book Synopsis Traffic-Related Air Pollution by : Haneen Khreis
Download or read book Traffic-Related Air Pollution written by Haneen Khreis and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-08-20 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traffic-Related Air Pollution synthesizes and maps TRAP and its impact on human health at the individual and population level. The book analyzes mitigating standards and regulations with a focus on cities. It provides the methods and tools for assessing and quantifying the associated road traffic emissions, air pollution, exposure and population-based health impacts, while also illuminating the mechanisms underlying health impacts through clinical and toxicological research. Real-world implications are set alongside policy options, emerging technologies and best practices. Finally, the book recommends ways to influence discourse and policy to better account for the health impacts of TRAP and its societal costs. Overviews existing and emerging tools to assess TRAP’s public health impacts Examines TRAP’s health effects at the population level Explores the latest technologies and policies--alongside their potential effectiveness and adverse consequences--for mitigating TRAP Guides on how methods and tools can leverage teaching, practice and policymaking to ameliorate TRAP and its effects
Book Synopsis Emissions and Air Quality Impacts of Freight Transportation by :
Download or read book Emissions and Air Quality Impacts of Freight Transportation written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diesel freight vehicles (trucks + trains) are responsible for 20% of all U.S. nitrogen oxide (NOx) and 3% of fine particulate (PM2.5) emissions - pollutants that are harmful to human health. Freight tonnage is also projected to double over the next several decades, reaching 30 billion tons by 2050, increasing freight transport activity. Air quality impacts from increased activity, trade-offs between activity and vehicle technology improvements, as well as where to make infrastructure investments that encourage sustainable freight growth, are important considerations for transportation and air quality managers. To address these questions, we build a bottom-up roadway-by-roadway freight truck inventory (WIFE) and employ it to quantify emissions impacts of swapping biodiesel blends into the Midwest diesel freight truck fleet, and investigate emissions and air quality impacts of truck-to-rail freight modal shifts in the Midwest. We also evaluate the spatial and seasonal freight performance of WIFE modeled in a regional photochemical model (CMAQ) against satellite retrievals of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). Results show that spatial and seasonal distribution of biodiesel affects regional emissions impacts. Summer high-blend deployment yields a larger annual emissions reduction than year-round low-blend deployment, however, technological improvements in vehicle emissions controls between 2009 and 2018 dwarf the impacts of biodiesel. Truck-to-rail modal shift analysis found 40% of daily freight truck VMT could be shifted to rail freight, causing a 26% net reduction in NOx emissions, and 31% less carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Despite significant emissions impacts, air quality modeling results showed mostly localized near roadway air quality improvements, with small regional net changes; yet, federal regulation of CO2 emissions and/or rising costs of diesel fuel could motivate shifting freight to more fuel efficient rail. Evaluation of the photochemically modeled WIFE inventory against satellite retrievals of NO2 from OMI showed better spatial agreement between WIFE and OMI compared to another diesel inventory (LADCO), however with larger bias and error, especially in urban areas. This preliminary analysis illustrates the utility of satellite data in evaluating air quality model performance, and constraining surface emissions estimates.
Book Synopsis Air Pollution from Ground Transportation: An Assessment of Causes, Strategies and Tactics, and Proposed Actions for the International Community by : Roger Gorham
Download or read book Air Pollution from Ground Transportation: An Assessment of Causes, Strategies and Tactics, and Proposed Actions for the International Community written by Roger Gorham and published by Tournesol Conseils. This book was released on 2002 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Health Effects of Transport-related Air Pollution by : Michal Krzyzanowski
Download or read book Health Effects of Transport-related Air Pollution written by Michal Krzyzanowski and published by WHO Regional Office Europe. This book was released on 2005 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diseases related to the air pollution caused by road transport affect tens of thousands of people in the WHO Europe region each year. This publication considers the policy challenges involved in the need to reduce the related risks to public health and the environment, whilst meeting socio-economic requirements for effective transport systems. It sets out a systematic review of the literature and a comprehensive evaluation of the health hazards of transport-related air pollution, including factors determining emissions, the contribution of traffic to pollution levels, human exposure and the results of epidemiological and toxicological studies to identify and measure the health effects, and suggestions for policy actions and further research.
Book Synopsis Handbook on Applying Environmental Benchmarking in Freight Transportation by : Laurence O'Rourke
Download or read book Handbook on Applying Environmental Benchmarking in Freight Transportation written by Laurence O'Rourke and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2012 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "NCFRP Report 21: Handbook on Applying Environmental Benchmarking in Freight Transportation identifies and evaluates approaches that can be used by public and private entities to estimate, monitor, and reduce freight emissions and impacts across the supply chain by examining how benchmarking can be used as a management tool in the freight and logistics industry to promote environmental performance. The handbook provides a step-by-step overview of the benchmarking process and describes a framework for applying this process to freight carriers, shippers, and freight hubs"--Foreword.
Book Synopsis Representing Freight in Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Models by : Louis Harold Browning
Download or read book Representing Freight in Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Models written by Louis Harold Browning and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2010 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report presents an evaluation of the current methods used to generate air emissions information from all freight transportation activities and discusses their suitability for purposes such as health and climate risk assessments, prioritization of emission reduction activities (e.g., through State Implementation Plans), and public education. The report is especially valuable for (1) its identification of the state of the practice, gaps, and strengths and limitations of current emissions data estimates and methods and (2) its conceptual model that offers a comprehensive representation of freight activity by all transportation modes and relationships between modes. This report will better inform the near-term needs of public and private stakeholders regarding the quality of emissions data and guide future research that links freight activities with air emissions."--pub. desc.
Book Synopsis Transport and the Environment by : R M Harrison
Download or read book Transport and the Environment written by R M Harrison and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass transportation has become central to the lifestyle of developed societies - but with what consequences for the environment and, ultimately, human health? Transport and the Environment investigates the major aspects of this emotive subject, with contributions from authors with international reputations for their research in the field. Discussions encompass air transport and its contribution to global pollution, the possible consequences of using hydrogen as a fuel, performance indicators and policy instruments for sustainable transport, the contamination of the atmosphere and surface waters by road vehicles, the impact of surface transport on climate, and the effects of transport pollutants on public health. This authoritative review of the current state of knowledge will be of great value to scientists, policy-makers and students on environmental science and engineering courses.
Book Synopsis Urban Transportation and Air Pollution by : Akula Venkatram
Download or read book Urban Transportation and Air Pollution written by Akula Venkatram and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban Transportation and Air Pollution synthesizes state-of-the-art methods on estimating near-road concentrations of roadway emissions. The book provides the information needed to make estimates using methods based on a minimal set of model inputs that can be applied by a wide range of users in many situations. Discussions include methods to estimate traffic emission under numerous urban driving conditions, the uncertainty of emission models, and the effects of road configurations, such as near-road solid barriers. Final sections present dispersion models that link traffic emissions with near road concentrations in urban environments. Addressing transportation-related environmental issues is extremely important as urban areas are constantly searching for ways to mitigate impacts from transportation sources. This book helps to explain dispersion models, a critical tool for estimating the impact of roadway emissions in cities. Compiles and synthesizes the state-of-the-science methods for estimating roadway emissions Demonstrates, with clear examples, how modeling methods reduce uncertainties in real-world problems Emphasizes how local-scale, semi-empirical, steady-state modeling can be applied using only a small set of inputs Offers an overview of the meteorology that governs air pollution dispersion in cities
Book Synopsis Environmental Impacts of International Shipping The Role of Ports by : OECD
Download or read book Environmental Impacts of International Shipping The Role of Ports written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2011-02-17 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the environmental impacts of international maritime transport, and looks more in detail at the impacts stemming from near-port shipping activities, the handling of the goods in the ports and from the distribution of the goods to the surrounding regions.
Author :P. Nicolopoulou-Stamati Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :1402043074 Total Pages :341 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (2 download)
Book Synopsis Environmental Health Impacts of Transport and Mobility by : P. Nicolopoulou-Stamati
Download or read book Environmental Health Impacts of Transport and Mobility written by P. Nicolopoulou-Stamati and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-02-21 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The health effects of society’s mobility and transport are addressed with a global perspective, including such topics as the effects of air pollution, noise, and sedentarism.
Book Synopsis Decoupling the Environmental Impacts of Transport from Economic Growth by : OECD
Download or read book Decoupling the Environmental Impacts of Transport from Economic Growth written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2006-10-20 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates that decoupling the environmental impacts of transport from economic growth is achievable, through the efficient use of charges, fees, taxes and other economic instruments.
Book Synopsis Environmental External Costs of Transport by : Peter Bickel
Download or read book Environmental External Costs of Transport written by Peter Bickel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transport is very important for the economy and our welfare. However, transport also causes a lot of problems, including air pollution. Such problems should be taken into account, when making decisions. A prerequisite for doing so is, that the impacts are known, quantitatively measured and allocated to the different activities in transport. Furthermore, they should be transformed into monetary units to be used as a basis for cost-benefit analyses or as an aid for setting taxes and charges, that reflect the external costs. This book describes a methodology for calculating impacts of transport activities and external costs caused by air pollution and presents numerous applications of this methodology for different transport technologies, locations and policy case studies. The approach has been developed and results have been calculated within the research project 'ExternE Core/Transport', financed to a large extent by the European Commission, Directorate General Research. We would like to thank especially Pierre Vallette and Pekka Jarviletho from the EC for their advice and support. A considerable number of experts with expertise in the different disciplines of this highly interdisciplinary work contributed to this book. The editors would like to thank the authors (see list on p. XV) for their contributions; it is especially remarkable, that the authors helped to make this book an integrated whole instead of a number of independent contributions.
Book Synopsis Indicators of the Environmental Impacts of Transportation by : Mark Corrales
Download or read book Indicators of the Environmental Impacts of Transportation written by Mark Corrales and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2000-09 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents quantitative nat. est. of the magnitude of transport's. impacts on the environ. It is the most comprehensive compilation of environmental and transport. data to date. Addresses all primary modes of transport. (highway, rail, aviation, and maritime transport) and all environ'l. media (air, water, and land resources), and covers the full "life-cycle" of transport., from construction of infrastructure and mfg. of vehicles to disposal of vehicles and parts. The impacts of transport. extend beyond the air quality impacts of vehicle travel. Presents a framework for developing various types of indicators and for categorizing transport. activities that affect the environ. Illustrated.
Book Synopsis Environmental Impacts of Road Vehicles by : R M Harrison
Download or read book Environmental Impacts of Road Vehicles written by R M Harrison and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-06-16 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first concerns that come to mind in relation to pollution from road vehicles are direct emissions of carbon dioxide and toxic air pollutants. These are, of course, important but the impacts of road traffic are altogether more substantial. This volume of the Issues in Environmental Science and Technology Series takes a broader view of the effects on the environment and human health, excluding only injury due to road traffic accidents. By looking across the environmental media, air, water and soil, and taking account also of noise pollution, the volume addresses far more than the conventional atmospheric issues. More importantly, however, it examines present and future vehicle technologies, the implications of more extensive use of batteries in electric vehicles and the consequences of recycling vehicles at the end of use. Finally, examples of life-cycle analysis as applied to road vehicles are reviewed. This book is a comprehensive source of authoritative information for students studying pollution, and for policy-makers concerned with vehicle emissions and road traffic impacts more generally.
Author :World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe Publisher :WHO Regional Office Europe ISBN 13 :9289013567 Total Pages :87 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (89 download)
Book Synopsis Transport, Environment and Health by : World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe
Download or read book Transport, Environment and Health written by World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe and published by WHO Regional Office Europe. This book was released on 2000 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together the scientific evidence on the main effects of transport on human health and the environment. It sets the conceptual framework for future analyses of the health burden and health gains from transport policies. It outlines how these health concerns have been reflected in policy tools such as impact assessment, regulation and economic analysis, and identifies the areas where action is most needed. Discussions of the environment and health effects of transport need to be communicated in a way that is relevant for policy-makers and easily understood by nonscientists. That is the aim of this book, which summarizes the results of extensive reviews of the issues prepared by groups of prominent international experts. It is also planned to release the reviews themselves, to give a more detailed account of the scientific evidence. [Foreword]
Book Synopsis Global Sources of Local Pollution by : National Research Council
Download or read book Global Sources of Local Pollution written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-02-15 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in air pollution monitoring and modeling capabilities have made it possible to show that air pollution can be transported long distances and that adverse impacts of emitted pollutants cannot be confined to one country or even one continent. Pollutants from traffic, cooking stoves, and factories emitted half a world away can make the air we inhale today more hazardous for our health. The relative importance of this "imported" pollution is likely to increase, as emissions in developing countries grow, and air quality standards in industrial countries are tightened. Global Sources of Local Pollution examines the impact of the long-range transport of four key air pollutants (ozone, particulate matter, mercury, and persistent organic pollutants) on air quality and pollutant deposition in the United States. It also explores the environmental impacts of U.S. emissions on other parts of the world. The book recommends that the United States work with the international community to develop an integrated system for determining pollution sources and impacts and to design effective response strategies. This book will be useful to international, federal, state, and local policy makers responsible for understanding and managing air pollution and its impacts on human health and well-being.
Book Synopsis National Air Quality and Emissions Trends Report by :
Download or read book National Air Quality and Emissions Trends Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
