Emerging Halogenated Flame Retardants In The Environment

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Emerging Halogenated Flame Retardants in the Environment

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444643400
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)

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Book Synopsis Emerging Halogenated Flame Retardants in the Environment by :

Download or read book Emerging Halogenated Flame Retardants in the Environment written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-02-14 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysis and Fate of Emerging Brominated and Fluorinated Organic Pollutants, Volume 87 in the Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry series, contains a wide range of topics on flame retardants in the environment, specifically focusing on halogenated flame retardants. New chapters in this release include an Introduction of emerging halogenated flame retardants in the environment, Analysis of emerging halogenated flame Retardants in environment, Toxicity of emerging halogenated organic chemicals, Occurrence and fate of emerging halogenated flame retardants in environment, Emerging halogenated flame retardants in indoor environment, Food contamination on emerging halogenated flame retardants, Human exposure to emerging halogenated flame retardants, and much more. Provides the current research results on emerging halogenated flame retardants Contains all research subjects about emerging halogenated flame retardants, from analysis to human exposure Presents critical information on halogenated flame retardants

Polymer Green Flame Retardants

Author : Constantine D. Papaspyrides
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0444538097
Total Pages : 943 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Polymer Green Flame Retardants by : Constantine D. Papaspyrides

Download or read book Polymer Green Flame Retardants written by Constantine D. Papaspyrides and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2014-08-14 with total page 943 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymer Green Flame Retardants covers key issues regarding the response of polymers during fire, the mechanisms of their flame retardation, the regulations imposed on their use, and the health hazards arising from their combustion. Presenting the latest research developments, the book focuses in particular on nanocomposites, believed to be the most promising approach for producing physically superior materials with low flammability and ecological impact. The fire properties of nanocomposites of various matrixes and fillers are discussed, the toxicological characteristics of these materials are analyzed, addressing also their environmental sustainability. Edited by distinguished scientists, including an array of international industry and academia experts, this book will appeal to chemical, mechanical, environmental, material and process engineers, upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines, and generally to researchers developing commercially attractive and environmentally friendly fire-proof products. Provides recent findings on the manufacture of environmentally sustainable flame retardant polymeric materials Covers legislation and regulations concerning flame retarded polymeric material use Includes tables containing the fire properties of the most common polymeric materials

The Non-halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook

Author : Alexander B. Morgan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118939204
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)

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Book Synopsis The Non-halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook by : Alexander B. Morgan

Download or read book The Non-halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook written by Alexander B. Morgan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-07 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A one-stop, practical handbook containing all of the current commercial non-halogenated flame retardant technologies as well as experimental systems near commercialization In response to the emphasis on replacing halogenated flame retardants with alternate technologies, this handbook focuses on existing non-halogenated flame retardants and the experimental close-to-production systems that are available today. The Non-Halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook starts with an overview of the regulations and customer perceptions driving non-halogenated flame retardant selections over older halogenated technologies. It then moves on to cover the known major classes of non-halogenated flame retardants, before concluding with the current niche-performing technologies and untried commercial contenders of the future. The Non-Halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook: Takes a practical approach to addressing the narrow subject of non-halogenated flame retardancy—placing more emphasis on flame retardant selection for specific plastics, practical considerations in flame retardant material design, and the various technologies’ strengths and limits Focuses on the proper use of non-halogenated flame retardants, rather than the mechanics of how they work Discusses important future trends in flame retardancy Features sections written by industrial and chemical experts who know how to apply the technology to polymers for fire safety needs

Electronic Waste Pollution

Author : Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303026615X
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Electronic Waste Pollution by : Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi

Download or read book Electronic Waste Pollution written by Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-09 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electronic and electric waste (e-waste), defined as end-of-life electronic products, including computers, television sets, mobile phones, transformers, capacitors, wires and cables, are a major global environmental concern. The crude recycling of e-waste releases persistent toxic substances, such as heavy metals, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and the environmental pollution and health risks caused by the improper disposal of e-waste has become an urgent issue. This book offers an overview of e-waste history, sources, and entry routes in soil, air, water and sediment. It also addresses e-waste transport and fate, bioavailability and biomonitoring, e-waste risk assessment, impacts on the environment and public health. In addition, it discusses the impact of e-waste on soil microbial community diversity, structure and function and reviews the treatment and management strategies, such as bioremediation and phytoremediation, as well as policies and future challenges. Given its scope, it is a valuable resource for students, researchers and scholars in the field of electronics manufacturing, environmental science and engineering, toxicology, environmental biotechnology, soil sciences and microbial ecology, as well as and plant biotechnology.

Emerging Freshwater Pollutants

Author : Tatenda Dalu
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323903150
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Emerging Freshwater Pollutants by : Tatenda Dalu

Download or read book Emerging Freshwater Pollutants written by Tatenda Dalu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-01-29 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging Freshwater Pollutants: Analysis, Fate and Regulations comprises of 20 chapters, all written by leading experts. This book is written in the most practical terms and is easy to understand, with numerous helpful examples and case studies and can be used as a practical guide and important educational tool on issues concerning freshwater emerging pollutants. The organisation of the book exposes the reader in logical succession to the full range of complex scientific and management aspects of emerging freshwater pollutants in the developing world. The book recognises that water chemistry, emerging freshwater pollutants and management are inter-dependent disciplines. The book covers (i) the different monitoring techniques, current analytical approaches and instrumental analyses, (ii) fate and occurrence of emerging pollutants in aquatic systems and (iii) management policies and legislations on emerging pollutants. Thus, subsequent chapters elucidate chemicals with pollution potential, multi-detection approaches to analysis of organic pollutants in water, microplastics effects and photochemical transformation of emerging pollutants in freshwater systems. Whereas, other chapters address oxidation of organic compounds in aquatic systems, biomonitoring systems for detection of toxic levels of water pollutants, and health aspects of water recycling practices. This book melds several different perspectives on the subject of freshwater emerging pollutants and shows the interrelationships between the various professions that deal with water quality issues. Further, within the presentation of each separate chapter is discussion of how the various scientific and management aspects of the subject interrelate. Includes case studies and practical examples in each chapter Presents a much-needed interdisciplinary approach, representing the overlap between water chemistry and emerging freshwater pollutants Provides a thorough introduction to emerging tropical and freshwater pollutants that typically occur in these systems

Environmental Fate and Effects of New Generation Flame Retardants

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789462592865
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (928 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Fate and Effects of New Generation Flame Retardants by :

Download or read book Environmental Fate and Effects of New Generation Flame Retardants written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "There is a pressing need for substituting several halogenated flame retardants, given the human and environmental health concerns of many of these compounds. Halogen Free Flame Retardants (HFFRs) have been suggested as alternatives and are already being marketed, although their potential impact on the environment cannot be properly assessed because of a lack of information regarding their environmental and ecotoxicological properties. The aim of this study was to determine the aquatic fate and effects of a selection of HFFRs that are currently being applied in polymers as alternatives of hazardous brominated flame retardants. To this end, we have identified the current state of knowledge on PBT properties of a selection of HFFRs and prioritized those for further research. We have developed analytical methods to determine organophosphorus HFFRs in water. Next, we quantified the aerobic biodegradation of organophosphorus HFFRs. Finally, we assessed the acute and chronic aquatic toxicity of HFFRs to Daphnia magna. Several chapters of this thesis showed the dilemma between the need for data extrapolation with its associated uncertainties and the need for more reliable, though expensive and time consuming, experimental verification. With the growing evidence of unwanted adverse side effects of several HFFRs, we have to carefully balance the direct risk reduction of fire spread against the potential global impact of contaminants on the long term. It is concluded that with the newly obtained insight in the hazards of HFFRs, support is provided for the application of environmentally compatible flame retardants."--Samenvatting auteur.

Avian Urban Ecology

Author : Diego Gil
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199661588
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Avian Urban Ecology by : Diego Gil

Download or read book Avian Urban Ecology written by Diego Gil and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume adopts an evolutionary framework to explore how pre-existing differences in life history, behaviour, and physiology of birds may determine the course of their adaptation to urban habitats.

Emerging Pollutants

Author : Francisco G. Calvo-Flores
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527338764
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)

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Book Synopsis Emerging Pollutants by : Francisco G. Calvo-Flores

Download or read book Emerging Pollutants written by Francisco G. Calvo-Flores and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-20 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An excellent, concise, and interdisciplinary overview of different classes of emerging pollutants arising, for example, from pharmaceuticals, pesticides, personal care products, and industrial chemicals and their impact on water, soil, and air. Following an introduction to chemical pollutants, with special attention focused on organic compounds and their properties, the book goes on to describe major emerging pollutants grouped according to their applications in different sectors of industrial or economic activity. For each type of compound, the chemical structure, main properties, and source are presented, along with their fate in the environment as pollutants, the latest analytical methods for detection, possible health or ecology consequences, as well as current regulatory laws. New developments, such as nanotechnology as a pollution source, are also included. The book closes with a chapter devoted to conclusions and future perspectives.

Toxicological Risks of Selected Flame-Retardant Chemicals

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309171938
Total Pages : 534 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Toxicological Risks of Selected Flame-Retardant Chemicals by : National Research Council

Download or read book Toxicological Risks of Selected Flame-Retardant Chemicals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-07-06 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ignition of upholstered furniture by small open flames from matches, cigarette lighters, and candles is one of the leading causes of residential-fire deaths in the United States. These fires accounted for about 16% of civilian fire deaths in 1996. On average, each year since 1990, about 90 deaths (primarily of children), 440 injuries, and property losses amounting to 50 million dollars have resulted from fires caused by the ignition of upholstered furniture by small open flames. Certain commercial seating products (such as aircraft and bus seats) are subject to flammability standards and sometimes incorporate FR-treated upholstery cover materials, but there is no federal-government requirement for residential upholstered furniture, and it is generally not treated with FR chemicals. It is estimated that less than 0.2% of all U.S. residential upholstery fabric is treated with flame-retardant (FR) chemicals. The Consumer Product Safety Act of 1972 created the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) as an independent federal regulatory agency whose mission is to protect the public from unreasonable risks of injury and death associated with consumer products. CPSC also administers the Flammable Fabrics Act, under which it regulates flammability hazards and the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA), which regulates hazardous substances including chemicals. In 1993, the National Association of State Fire Marshals petitioned CPSC to issue a performance-based flammability standard for upholstered furniture to reduce the risk of residential fires. The Commission granted that portion of the petition relating to small open flame ignition risks. In response to concerns regarding the safety of FR chemicals, Congress, in the fiscal year 1999 appropriations report for CPSC, requested that the National Research Council conduct an independent study of the health risks to consumers posed by exposure to FR chemicals that are likely to be used in residential upholstered furniture to meet a CPSC standard. The National Research Council assigned the project to the Committee on Toxicology (COT) of the Commission on Life Sciences' Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology. COT convened the Subcommittee on Flame-Retardant Chemicals, which prepared this report. Subcommittee members were chosen for their recognized expertise in toxicology, pharmacology, epidemiology, chemistry, exposure assessment, risk assessment, and biostatistics. Toxicological Risks of Selected Flame-Retardant Chemicals is organized into 18 chapters and two appendices. Chapter 2 describes the risk assessment process used by the subcommittee in determining the risk associated with potential exposure to the various FR chemicals. Chapter 3 describes the method the subcommittee used to measure and estimate the intensity, frequency, extent, and duration of human exposure to FR chemicals. Chapters 4-19 provide the subcommittee's review and assessment of health risks posed by exposure to each of the 16 FR chemicals. Data gaps and research needs are provided at the end of these chapters.

Indoor Environment

Author : Lidia Morawska
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527609202
Total Pages : 467 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Indoor Environment by : Lidia Morawska

Download or read book Indoor Environment written by Lidia Morawska and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-12-13 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the fundamentals of air-borne particles and settled dust in the indoor environment, this handy reference investigates: * relevant definitions and terminology, * characteristics, * sources, * sampling techniques and instrumentation, * exposure assessment, * monitoring methods. The result is a useful and comprehensive overview for chemists, physicists and biologists, postgraduate students, medical practitioners, occupational health professionals, building owners and managers, building, construction and air-conditioning engineers, architects, environmental lawyers, government and regulatory professionals.

Handbook of Environmental Analysis

Author : Pradyot Patnaik
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1498745628
Total Pages : 661 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Environmental Analysis by : Pradyot Patnaik

Download or read book Handbook of Environmental Analysis written by Pradyot Patnaik and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-08-23 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook will cover all aspects of environmental analysis and will examine the emergence of many new classes of pollutants in recent years. It will provide information on an array of topics from instrumentation, analytical techniques, and sample preparations to statistical calculations, chemical structures, and equations. It will present the tools and techniques required to measure a wide range of toxic pollutants in our environment. It will be fully revised throughout, and will add four new chapters (Microbial Analysis, Chlorophyll, Chlorine, Chloramines and Chlorine Dioxide, and Derivatization Reactions in Environmental Analysis).

Frca

Author : Fire Retardant Chemicals Association
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000445755
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Frca by : Fire Retardant Chemicals Association

Download or read book Frca written by Fire Retardant Chemicals Association and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-30 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book compares technical information of various fire retardant coatings for electric cables. It also summarizes various testing methods, with a special emphasis on the Factory Mutual testing standard.

Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology

Author : Kunal Roy
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119681596
Total Pages : 596 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology by : Kunal Roy

Download or read book Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology written by Kunal Roy and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-01-06 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CHEMOMETRICS AND CHEMINFORMATICS IN AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY Explore chemometric and cheminformatic techniques and tools in aquatic toxicology Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology delivers an exploration of the existing and emerging problems of contamination of the aquatic environment through various metal and organic pollutants, including industrial chemicals, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, biocides, nanomaterials, pesticides, surfactants, dyes, and more. The book discusses different chemometric and cheminformatic tools for non-experts and their application to the analysis and modeling of toxicity data of chemicals to various aquatic organisms. You’ll learn about a variety of aquatic toxicity databases and chemometric software tools and webservers as well as practical examples of model development, including illustrations. You’ll also find case studies and literature reports to round out your understanding of the subject. Finally, you’ll learn about tools and protocols including machine learning, data mining, and QSAR and ligand-based chemical design methods. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to chemometric and cheminformatic tools and techniques, including machine learning and data mining An exploration of aquatic toxicity databases, chemometric software tools, and webservers Practical examples and case studies to highlight and illustrate the concepts contained within the book A concise treatment of chemometric and cheminformatic tools and their application to the analysis and modeling of toxicity data Perfect for researchers and students in chemistry and the environmental and pharmaceutical sciences, Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals in the chemical industry and regulators whose work involves chemometrics.

Environmental Contamination and Remediation

Author : Hesham F Alharby
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1527525953
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (275 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Contamination and Remediation by : Hesham F Alharby

Download or read book Environmental Contamination and Remediation written by Hesham F Alharby and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2019-01-17 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an account of the major environmental contaminations present today, and offers detailed insights into their potential remediation through bio-based solutions. Bringing together the work of various international experts in this field, it contains comprehensive reviews on the mechanisms of bioremediation. Moreover, the book discusses the strategies by which bacteria and plants help in the decontamination of environmental pollutants. As such, it represents a valuable resource for a wide audience, including environmental scientists, biochemists, soil scientists, botanists, agronomists and molecular biologists.

Toxic Safety

Author : Alissa Cordner
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231541384
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Toxic Safety by : Alissa Cordner

Download or read book Toxic Safety written by Alissa Cordner and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-29 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Initially marketed as a life-saving advancement, flame retardants are now mired in controversy. Some argue that data show the chemicals are unsafe while others continue to support their use. The tactics of each side have far-reaching consequences for how we interpret new scientific discoveries. An experienced environmental sociologist, Alissa Cordner conducts more than a hundred interviews with activists, scientists, regulators, and industry professionals to isolate the social, scientific, economic, and political forces influencing environmental health policy today. Introducing "strategic science translation," she describes how stakeholders use scientific evidence to support nonscientific goals and construct "conceptual risk formulas" to shape risk assessment and the interpretation of empirical evidence. A revelatory text for public-health advocates, Toxic Safety demonstrates that while all parties interested in health issues use science to support their claims, they do not compete on a level playing field and even good intentions can have deleterious effects.

The Toxicity of Environmental Pollutants

Author : Daniel Junqueira Dorta
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1803555793
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis The Toxicity of Environmental Pollutants by : Daniel Junqueira Dorta

Download or read book The Toxicity of Environmental Pollutants written by Daniel Junqueira Dorta and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-11-30 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the widespread presence of chemical compounds in the environment and their effects on organisms, there is an increasing need to better understand the mechanisms underlying their toxicity. This book brings together 13 chapters on a variety of topics from different areas of research in environmental pollutants toxicology. While it illustrates the toxic effects of several environmental contaminants on humans and the biota, it also introduces methodologies for assessing environmental contamination as well as remediation techniques.

Fire and Polymers VI: New Advances in Flame Retardant Chemistry and Science

Author : Charles A. Wilkie
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 9780841227804
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (278 download)

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Book Synopsis Fire and Polymers VI: New Advances in Flame Retardant Chemistry and Science by : Charles A. Wilkie

Download or read book Fire and Polymers VI: New Advances in Flame Retardant Chemistry and Science written by Charles A. Wilkie and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides the latest research in flame retardant chemistry, stemming from the 2012 ACS symposium on the subject.