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Electrowetting On Dielectric Digital Microfluids For 3 Dimensional Cell Culture And Chemical Screening
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Book Synopsis Electrowetting on Dielectric Digital Microfluids for 3-dimensional Cell Culture and Chemical Screening by : Subin Mac George
Download or read book Electrowetting on Dielectric Digital Microfluids for 3-dimensional Cell Culture and Chemical Screening written by Subin Mac George and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microfluidic devices have allowed improved cell culture studies to be carried out by allowing greater spatiotemporal control over the cell environment while at the same time providing greater throughput, increased automation capabilities and reagent savings. To improve the relevancy of such studies, 3-dimensional (3D) cell culture has been attempted in microfluidic devices. 3D cell culture is known to better mimic and recreate the environment that cells in the body experience as compared to conventional 2-dimensional cell culture. However, incorporating 3D cell culture into conventional channel based microfluidic devices have proven to be challenging. Hydrogels which provide the 3D environment in microfluidic devices are prone to clog up microfluidic channels or break up due to excess pressure, thereby necessitating greater controls and complication of conventional channel based microfluidic devices. Electro-wetting on dielectric (EWOD) digital microfluidic (DMF) is another alternative microfluidic platform that is proposed to counter these problems. Since EWOD DMF flow occurs through discrete droplets without requiring channels, delicate gels can be handled without compromising the microfluidic device integrity or gel integrity. In addition, EWOD DMF has already been shown to be an efficient platform for multiplexing and liquid delivery. This study investigates the feasibility of EWOD DMF for 3D cell culture. To do this, an alginate hydrogel is employed and alginate gelation on EWOD DMF is investigated. Various designs to allow for reliable hydrogel formation are examined and an optimal design is developed. Using this design, an EWOD DMF device is developed which is capable of forming cell seeded alginate hydrogels, diluting and delivering a chemical species at different concentrations to the hydrogels and examining the effect of delivered chemicals on the 3D cultured cells. Thus, this proof of concept device demonstrates how EWOD DMF can be used for integrated 3D cell culture and chemical screening.
Book Synopsis Droplet and Digital Microfluidics by : Sanket Goel
Download or read book Droplet and Digital Microfluidics written by Sanket Goel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-03-11 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Droplet and Digital Microfluidics: Ideation to Implementation is a detailed introduction to the dynamics of droplet and digital microfluidics, also featuring coverage of new methods and applications. The explosion of applications of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) in recent years has driven demand for expertise and innovation in fluid flow in the microchannels they contain. In this book, detailed descriptions of methods for biological and chemical applications of microfluidics are provided, along with supporting foundational knowledge. In addition, the principles of droplet and digital microfluidics are explained, along with their different applications and governing physics. New additions to the technological knowledgebase that enable advances in droplet and digital microfluidics include machine learning and exciting future avenues for research. Provides step-by-step fabrication, testing, and characterization instructions in each chapter to support implementation Includes explanations of applications and methods in biological and chemical settings Describes the path to automation of digital and droplet microfluidic platforms
Book Synopsis Microdroplet Technology by : Philip Day
Download or read book Microdroplet Technology written by Philip Day and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-28 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microdroplet technology has recently emerged to provide new and diverse applications via microfluidic functionality, especially in various areas of biology and chemistry. This book, then, gives an overview of the principle components and wide-ranging applications for state-of-the-art of droplet-based microfluidics. Chapter authors are internationally-leading researchers from chemistry, biology, physics and engineering that present various key aspects of micrdroplet technology -- fundamental flow physics, methodology and components for flow control, applications in biology and chemistry, and a discussion of future perspectives. This book acts as a reference for academics, post-graduate students, and researcher wishing to deepen their understand of microfluidics and introduce optimal design and operation of new droplet-based microfluidic devices for more comprehensive analyte assessments.
Book Synopsis Nanotechnology for Microfluidics by : Xingyu Jiang
Download or read book Nanotechnology for Microfluidics written by Xingyu Jiang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-09-08 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on microfluidics with applications in nanotechnology. The first part summarizes the recent advances and achievements in the field of microfluidic technology, with emphasize on the the influence of nanotechnology. The second part introduces various applications of microfluidics in nanotechnology, such as drug delivery, tissue engineering and biomedical diagnosis.
Book Synopsis Electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) Digital Microfluidic Device for Synthetic Organic Chemistry by : Matin Torabinia
Download or read book Electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) Digital Microfluidic Device for Synthetic Organic Chemistry written by Matin Torabinia and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decades, microscale chemical reaction technology has been attractive in diverse areas of chemistry. It allows the precise control of quantified reagents and highly efficient heat and mass transfer, because of a large interface-to-volume ratio-particularly in case of the exothermic reaction and mixing-, reduced consumption of toxic or expensive agents, improved reaction profiles, and enhanced selectivity compared to macro-scale reactions.The mainstream microscale reaction processes were established using continuous microchannel flow systems, which has emerged as a powerful complement to batch chemistry on the laboratory scale due to relative advantages, some of which include: increased safety, more accurate temperature control, ease of reaction scale-up, and amenability to automation. Despite of successful demonstration from prior studies, microchannel-based approaches suffer from several limitations. For example, clogging of the channels by products or byproducts may cause the difficulty of maintaining a constant hydrodynamic pressure, thus stable flow. Requirement of complex flow network and cross-contamination due to unwanted diffusion through channels are also concerned. Moreover, solvent-swapping processes pose very challenging problems in microchannel reactors. Another drawback of microchannel reactors presents in combinatorial chemistry-a powerful tool for lead compound discovery and optimization of new drugs and materials. Since a combinatorial synthesis through either batch or flow reactors requires as many reactors as the number of all possible combinations of reactants, the reactor system tends to be excessively complex. A digital microfluidic platform using electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) principle can be an alternative and/or complement a microchannel reactor. An EWOD digital microfluidic platform eliminates the necessity of predetermined channel network and mechanical pumps and valves. Since it is a droplet-based flow, it can prevent cross-mixing and cross-contamination. Each droplet plays as a batch reactor, which brings the feasibility of performing multi-step reactions that may involve with solvents swapping and combinatorial synthesis. Researchers have taken advantages of these unique features of EWOD microfluidic devices to conduct on-chip chemical reactions, e.g. reactions in ionic liquid droplets, synthesis of radiotracers, and synchronized synthesis of peptide-based macrocycles. Of note, that all these reactions on EWOD chip mentioned above utilized solvent fluids that are movable by EWOD actuation. However, contemporary organic synthesis generally requires non-polar or polar aprotic solvents, and their poor movability in an EWOD chip has been a long-standing problem. First, this study focuses on movability of different types of fluids other than aqueous solutions in the EWOD microfluidics to be a versatile platform for various applications. An electromechanical model using a simple RC circuit has been used to predict the mechanical force exerted on a liquid droplet upon voltage application. In this study, two important features missed in previous works are addressed. Energy dissipation by contact line friction is considered in the new model as the form of resistor. The phase angle is taken into account in the analysis of the AC circuit. The new electromechanical model and computation results are validated with experimental measurements of forces on two different liquids. The model is then used to explain influences of contact angle hysteresis, surface tension, conductivity, and dielectric constant of fluids to the mechanical force on a liquid droplet. In the second part of the study, we introduce a novel technique of an "engine-and-cargo" system that enables use of non-movable fluids (e.g., organic solvents) on an EWOD device. With esterification as the model reaction, on-chip chemical reactions were successfully demonstrated. Conversion data obtained from on-chip reactions were used in the demonstration of reaction characterization and optimization such as reaction kinetics, solvent screening, and catalyst loading. As the first step toward on-chip combinatorial synthesis, parallel esterification of three different alcohols were demonstrated. Results from this study clearly show that EWOD digital microfluidic platform is a promising candidate for a microscale chemical reaction. Thirdly, we demonstrate in-line, and on-chip workup as a step towards promoting multistep synthesis on an EWOD device. In this study, we selected an acid-base workup as a model system and successfully shown the consecutive steps, including neutralization reaction, acid regeneration reaction, evaporation, and recrystallization. Moreover, on-chip recrystallization of benzoic acid and benzophenone manifested the capacity of an EWOD device to handle the solid particles, whether added or formed during the reaction, with neither change in device architecture nor disassembly. The EWOD DMF device, by having robustness, chemical compatibility, and ease of use,is an alternative or a complementary tool to microreactors based on continuous channel flow for organic synthesis, and it can provide a broader range of chemistries and operating conditions.
Book Synopsis Micro-Drops and Digital Microfluidics by : Jean Berthier
Download or read book Micro-Drops and Digital Microfluidics written by Jean Berthier and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this 2nd edition of Micro-Drops and Digital Microfluidics, Jean Berthier explores the fundamentals and applications of digital microfluidics, enabling engineers and scientists to design this important enabling technology into devices and harness the considerable potential of digital microfluidics in testing and data collection. This book describes the most recent developments in digital microfluidics, with a specific focus on the computational, theoretical and experimental study of microdrops. Unique in its emphasis on digital microfluidics and with diverse applications ranging from drug delivery to point-of-care diagnostic chips, organic synthesis to microreactors, Micro-Drops and Digital Microfluidics meets the needs of audiences across the fields of bioengineering and biotechnology, and electrical and chemical engineering. Authoritative reporting on the latest changes in microfluidic science, where microscopic liquid volumes are handled as ""microdrops"" and separately from ""nanodrops." A methodical examination of how liquid microdrops behave in the complex geometries of modern miniaturized systems and interact with different morphological (micro-fabricated, textured) solid substrates A thorough explanation of how capillary forces act on liquid interfaces in contact with micro-fabricated surfaces Analysis of how droplets can be manipulated, handled, or transported using electric fields (electrowetting), acoustic actuation (surface acoustic waves), or by a carrier liquid (microflow) A fresh perspective on the future of microfluidics
Book Synopsis Regenerative Medicine Technology by : Sean V. Murphy
Download or read book Regenerative Medicine Technology written by Sean V. Murphy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-11-30 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Miniaturization in the fields of chemistry and molecular biology has resulted in the "lab-on-a-chip." Such systems are micro-fabricated devices capable of handling extremely small fluid volumes facilitating the scaling of single or multiple lab processes down to a microchip-sized format. The convergence of lab-on-a-chip technology with the field of cell biology facilitated the development of "organ-on-a-chip" systems. Such systems simulate the function of tissues and organs, having the potential to bypass some cell and animal testing methods. These technologies have generated high interest as applications for disease modeling and drug discovery. This book, edited by Drs. Sean Murphy and Anthony Atala, provides a comprehensive coverage of the technologies that have been used to develop organ-on-a-chip systems. Known leaders cover the basics to the most relevant and novel topics in the field, including micro-fabrication, 3D bio-printing, 3D cell culture techniques, biosensor design and microelectronics, micro-fluidics, data collection, and predictive analysis. The book describes specific tissue types amenable for disease modeling and drug discovery applications. Lung, liver, heart, skin and kidney "on-a-chip" technologies are included as well as a progress report on designing an entire "body-on-a-chip" system. Additionally, the book covers applications of various systems for modeling tissue-specific cancers, metastasis, and tumor microenvironments; and provides an overview of current and potential applications of these systems to disease modeling, toxicity testing, and individualized medicine.
Book Synopsis Electro-wetting-on-dielectric Digital Microfluidic Platform with Integrated Nanostructured Biosensor Interface for Enhanced Two-dimensional Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Detection by : Lidija Malic
Download or read book Electro-wetting-on-dielectric Digital Microfluidic Platform with Integrated Nanostructured Biosensor Interface for Enhanced Two-dimensional Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Detection written by Lidija Malic and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Electrowetting on Dielectric Digital Microfluidic Platform with Nanostructured Biosensor Interface for Enhanced Two-dimensional Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Detection by : Lidija Malic
Download or read book Electrowetting on Dielectric Digital Microfluidic Platform with Nanostructured Biosensor Interface for Enhanced Two-dimensional Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Detection written by Lidija Malic and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Microfluidic 3D Cell Culture for High Throughput Screening by :
Download or read book Microfluidic 3D Cell Culture for High Throughput Screening written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Study of the Capabilities of Electrowetting on Dielectric Digital Microfluidics (EWOD DMF) Towards the High Efficient Thin-film Evaporative Cooling Platform by : Jagath B. Yaddlessalage
Download or read book Study of the Capabilities of Electrowetting on Dielectric Digital Microfluidics (EWOD DMF) Towards the High Efficient Thin-film Evaporative Cooling Platform written by Jagath B. Yaddlessalage and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the current technological advancement, the size of the electronic components is being reduced to smaller and compact sizes. In the meantime, the packaging density and power consumption is ever increasing. To tackle this challenge, an efficient cooling technology is required. Thin-film evaporation is a very efficient cooling technology. A practical application using thin-film evaporation is a spray cooling which is known as the cooling method that can handle very high heat flux. However, a random spray of coolant cannot guarantee a thin coolant film, therefore either local dry-out or flooding may occur, which hampers cooling efficiency significantly. Moreover, bulky spraying system is not suitable for cooling of small electronic devices. As solving the drawbacks of spraying cooling, it has been suggested making thin liquid films by delivering nanoscale liquid drops to the superhydrophilic nanoporous coating (SHNC). As soon as a nanoscale liquid drop arrives to the SHNC on a hotspot, it spontaneously spreads, forms very thin liquid film, and quickly evaporates. Electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) digital microfluidics (DMF) is properly suited for this purpose, since it handles liquids in the form of droplets by controlling only electric fields without any bulky mechanical pumps or valves. This dissertation reports an experimental study of three essential requirements of the EWOD DMF towards the thin-film evaporative cooling platform: (1) the high accuracy and consistency in volume of coolant nanodrops dispensed from the reservoir, (2) the fast motion of coolant nanodrops to the hotspot to avoid dry-out, and (3) the simultaneous achievement of both small volume and high frequency of nanodrop that arrives to the hotspot. In this investigation, glass-based EWOD DMF and silicon-based EWOD DMF were developed, fabricated and tested. Deionized (DI) water was used as coolant due to its high heat of vaporization. To increase the volume accuracy of nanodrop, various electrode geometries of the reservoir were designed to control drop pinch-off point. A simple force balance was taken into account for the design. The minimum average volume error of 0.083 % for fifty drops of repeatable drop generation was achieved. The experimental results agreed with the numerically simulated results. To increase the speed of drop motion, three major parameters that affect the speed of drop motion were investigated: The effects of electrode size, electrode geometry and surface roughness were tested. Ten times faster speed (400 mm/s) of drop motion was achieved by modifying the electrode geometry. To achieve simultaneously high frequency and small volume of nanodrops that arrive to the hotspot, a new electrode geometry was designed to split a droplet into two while it moves toward the hotspot. Using this method, the droplet arrival frequency to the heated section was increased 4 times while the droplet volume that arrives to the heated section is 4 times smaller than the volume of droplet generated from the reservoir. By combining all of the above results, fully completed and automated EWOD DMF was designed, fabricated and characterized to deliver liquid in small volume (down to 50 nL) with high accuracy (
Book Synopsis Assistive Technology for the Elderly by : Nagender Kumar Suryadevara
Download or read book Assistive Technology for the Elderly written by Nagender Kumar Suryadevara and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-03-11 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assistive Technology for the Elderly addresses the intricacies involved in the design and development of assisted technologies for the elderly, covering smart systems such as magnifying book contents, speaking electronic devices, alarms for doors and windows, smart alert bands, panic buttons, medication dispensers and reminders, Wander Gard, physiological parameters monitoring systems and smart home monitoring systems. This book is aimed at those who are responsible for designing assistive technology intended to be used by the elderly. It lays out the technology that is already available and covers user needs and state-of-the-art technologies and methodologies. Focuses on practical devices and technology for engineers Offers deep coverage of sensor based assistive technologies that are elderly for people with dementia, physical disabilities and people living alone Covers assistive technology ecosystems and offers case studies for practical application
Book Synopsis Tools and Trends in Bioanalytical Chemistry by : Lauro Tatsuo Kubota
Download or read book Tools and Trends in Bioanalytical Chemistry written by Lauro Tatsuo Kubota and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-25 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook covers the main tools and techniques used in bioanalysis, provides an overview of their principles, and offers several examples of their application and future trends in diagnosis. Chapters from expert contributors explore the role of bioanalysis in different areas such as biochemistry, physiology, forensics, and clinical diagnosis, including topics from sampling/sample preparation, chemometrics in bioanalysis to the latest techniques used in the field. Particular attention is given to the recent advances in the application of mass spectrometry, NMR, electrochemical methods and separation techniques in bioanalysis. Readers will also find more about the application of microchip-based devices and analytical microarrays. This textbook will appeal to graduate/advanced undergraduate students in Chemistry, Biology, Biochemistry, Pharmacy, and Chemical Engineering. It is also a useful resource for researchers and professionals working in the fields of biomedicine and veterinary sciences, with clear explanations and examples of how the different bioanalytical devices are applied for clinical diagnosis.
Book Synopsis Hardware/Software Co-Design and Optimization for Cyberphysical Integration in Digital Microfluidic Biochips by : Yan Luo
Download or read book Hardware/Software Co-Design and Optimization for Cyberphysical Integration in Digital Microfluidic Biochips written by Yan Luo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-06 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes a comprehensive framework for hardware/software co-design, optimization, and use of robust, low-cost, and cyberphysical digital microfluidic systems. Readers with a background in electronic design automation will find this book to be a valuable reference for leveraging conventional VLSI CAD techniques for emerging technologies, e.g., biochips or bioMEMS. Readers from the circuit/system design community will benefit from methods presented to extend design and testing techniques from microelectronics to mixed-technology microsystems. For readers from the microfluidics domain, this book presents a new design and development strategy for cyberphysical microfluidics-based biochips suitable for large-scale bioassay applications. • Takes a transformative, “cyberphysical” approach towards achieving closed-loop and sensor feedback-driven biochip operation under program control; • Presents a “physically-aware” system reconfiguration technique that uses sensor data at intermediate checkpoints to dynamically reconfigure biochips; • Enables readers to simplify the structure of biochips, while facilitating the “general-purpose” use of digital microfluidic biochips for a wider range of applications.
Book Synopsis In Vitro Fertilization by : Zsolt Peter Nagy
Download or read book In Vitro Fertilization written by Zsolt Peter Nagy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-03 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its revised and expanded second edition - including over 20 new chapters - this comprehensive textbook remains a unique and accessible description of the current and developing diagnostic and treatment techniques and technologies comprising in vitro fertilization (IVF). Arranged thematically in sections, each chapter covers a key topic in IVF in a sensible presentation. Parts one and two describe the planning, design and organization of an ART unit and IVF laboratory and equipment and systems, respectively. The sections that follow provide detailed descriptions of IVF techniques, embryo culture methods, sperm processing and selection, insemination procedures, micromanipulation, embryo evaluation, cryopreservation, and embryo transfer. Concluding sections address issues of management and regulation of ART labs across the globe, as well as special topics and emerging techniques and devices. Chapter authors, all experts in the field, contribute their expertise from around the world. With the addition of learning key points and review questions at the beginning and end of each chapter, this new edition of In Vitro Fertilization is a readily accessible, high quality instructional resource for reproductive medicine trainees at all levels. Practicing reproductive endocrinologists, urologists, and embryologists also will find value in the book, as will infertility researchers.
Book Synopsis Digital Microfluidic Biochips by : Krishnendu Chakrabarty
Download or read book Digital Microfluidic Biochips written by Krishnendu Chakrabarty and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digital Microfluidic Biochips focuses on the automated design and production of microfluidic-based biochips for large-scale bioassays and safety-critical applications. Bridging areas of electronic design automation with microfluidic biochip research, the authors present a system-level design automation framework that addresses key issues in the design, analysis, and testing of digital microfluidic biochips. The book describes a new generation of microfluidic biochips with more complex designs that offer dynamic reconfigurability, system scalability, system integration, and defect tolerance. Part I describes a unified design methodology that targets design optimization under resource constraints. Part II investigates cost-effective testing techniques for digital microfluidic biochips that include test resource optimization and fault detection while running normal bioassays. Part III focuses on different reconfiguration-based defect tolerance techniques designed to increase the yield and dependability of digital microfluidic biochips. Expanding upon results from ongoing research on CAD for biochips at Duke University, this book presents new design methodologies that address some of the limitations in current full-custom design techniques. Digital Microfluidic Biochips is an essential resource for achieving the integration of microfluidic components in the next generation of system-on-chip and system-in-package designs.
Download or read book Microfluidics written by Yu Song and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-05-07 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book offering a global overview of fundamental microfluidics and the wide range of possible applications, for example, in chemistry, biology, and biomedical science. As such, it summarizes recent progress in microfluidics, including its origin and development, the theoretical fundamentals, and fabrication techniques for microfluidic devices. The book also comprehensively covers the fluid mechanics, physics and chemistry as well as applications in such different fields as detection and synthesis of inorganic and organic materials. A useful reference for non-specialists and a basic guideline for research scientists and technicians already active in this field or intending to work in microfluidics.
