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Electric Form Factor Of The Neutron From Asymmetry Measurements
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Book Synopsis Electric Form Factor of the Neutron from Asymmetry Measurements by : Richard Frederick Obrecht (Jr)
Download or read book Electric Form Factor of the Neutron from Asymmetry Measurements written by Richard Frederick Obrecht (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overwhelming majority of visible mass in the universe is composed of protons and neutrons, collectively known as nucleons, which are arguably the most important strongly interacting systems to study. A nucleon may naively be thought of as a composite object built out of three non-interacting sub-objects, known as quarks, in the large energy limit; however, the structure of the nucleon is much more complicated, and consequently far richer, than a simple valence-quark picture. There are sea quarks in addition to valence quarks that interact strongly via the exchange of gluons resulting in a complex vacuum structure, and the collective system must give rise to the observed properties of the nucleon, e.g. the radius and mass. The nucleon is the most well-studied hadron and yet there are still unresolved complexities in the calculation of properties from first principles of QCD; this represents a central problem in nuclear physics. The theoretical difficulty with the nucleon requires experimentation, which is steadily increasing the knowledge of nucleon structure and the strong interaction. The subject of this thesis pertains to nucleon electromagnetic form factors which are fundamental quantities containing information on the spatial and momentum distributions of charge and current within the nucleon. Nucleon form factors may be accessed through well-understood leading order electromagnetic processes with a leptonic probe, and provide strong constraints on testing non-perturbative QCD and nuclear structure models. The form factor ratio of the neutron has been extracted via a beam-target helicity asymmetry measurement. The Jefferson Lab Hall A experiment E02-013 ran in 2006 utilizing the 6 GeV CEBAF for its high-duty, longitudinally polarized electron beam. The double-arm coincidence experiment detected the quasielastically scattered electrons in a large angular and momentum acceptance spectrometer. The recoiling nucleons were detected and momentum analyzed in a large scintillator-iron based neutron detector. The analysis of a previously unpublished extraction of the electric form factor of the neutron is presented.
Book Synopsis Measurement of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at High Momentum Transfer by :
Download or read book Measurement of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at High Momentum Transfer written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The E02-013 collaboration s precision measurement of the electric form factor of the neutron at high momentum took place in Hall A of Jefferson Laboratory [1]. Four kinematic points spread in Q2 from 1.2 to 3.5 (GeV/c)2 reach the region of momentum transfer where there is little ambiguity that the form factors are dominated by the valence quarks. The electric form factor provides important constraints on the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) of the nucleon and therefore to understand the currently unknown quark angular orbital moments. The talk presented newly obtained results for GnE including at Q2 of 2.5 (GeV/c)2. These measurements provide access to twice the range of momentum transfer for complete iso-spin decomposition of the nucleon form factors. The form factors of the u and d quarks were also presented. The measurement used a double polarization asymmetry method [2][3] with He polarized up to 55% (provided by a novel hybrid alkali optical pumping scheme utilizi.
Book Synopsis Measurements of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at Q2 by :
Download or read book Measurements of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at Q2 written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Precise measurements of the electric form factor of the neutron, Gn E, over a wide range of the square of the four-momentum transfer, Q2, are important for understanding nucleon and nuclear electromagnetic structure. In the non-relativistic limit, the electric and magnetic form factors are related to the charge and magnetization distribution inside a nucleon, respectively. The measured values of the form factors also serve as an important test for nucleon models. Among the four nucleon form factors, the electric form factor of the neutron, Gn E, is the most difficult one to measure and therefore has been very poorly known especially in the region Q2 > 1 (GeV/c)2 due to the lack of a free neutron target and the small value of Gn E. The Jefferson Laboratory E93-038 collaboration measured the ratio of the electric to magnetic form factor of the neutron, g = Gn E/Gn M, at three acceptance-averaged Q2 values of 0.45, 1.13 and 1.45 (GeV/c)2 using the quasi-elastic 2H(ẽ, e0ñ)1H reaction. In our experiment, an electron was scattered quasielastically from a neutron in a liquid-deuterium target, and the electron was detected in an electron spectrometer in coincidence with the neutron which was detected in a neutron polarimeter. The polarimeter was used to analyze the polarization of the recoil neutrons by measuring the np elastic scattering asymmetry. The experiment was performed in Hall-C at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility during the period from September 2000 to April 2001. The value of g was determined from the measured ratio of the sideways and longitudinal components of the neutron polarization vector. The values for Gn E were computed from our measured values of g = Gn E/Gn M using the Gn M values obtained from a fit to the world data. The E93-038 collaboration reported the first measurements of Gn E using polarization techniques at Q2 greater than 1 (GeV/c)2. Furthermore, our measurements of Gn E at the two higher Q2 values of 1.13 and 1.45 (GeV/c)2 are more precise than prior measurements at lower Q2. In this dissertation, the data analyses and our results for g and Gn E at Q2=0.45 (GeV/c)2 and Q2=1.13 (GeV/c)2 are given. Our high-accuracy data are included with the 'world' data for Gn E to form an improved data set that was fit with an empirical function to give a simple parameterization of Gn E as a function of Q2. In addition, the data for the ratio Gn E/Gn M are compared to theoretical models of the nucleon. We found that no theoretical model predicts both proton and neutron form factor data.
Book Synopsis Measurements of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at Q2 by : Shigeyuki Tajima
Download or read book Measurements of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at Q2 written by Shigeyuki Tajima and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Measurement of the Neutron Electric Form Factor in D (e, Eń)p Quasi-elastic Scattering at Q2 by : Hongguo Zhu
Download or read book A Measurement of the Neutron Electric Form Factor in D (e, Eń)p Quasi-elastic Scattering at Q2 written by Hongguo Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at Q2 by :
Download or read book The Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at Q2 written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Jefferson Laboratory E93-038 collaboration measured the ratio of the electric form factor to the magnetic form factor of the neutron, g = Gne/Gnm, via recoil polarimetry from the quasielastic 2H(e,en)1 H reaction at q2 = 0.45, 1.17 and 1.47 (GeV/c)2 in Hall C of the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. A polarimeter designed specifically for E93-038 was used to measure the up-down scattering asymmetry from the transverse component of the recoil neutron's polarization vector, and a dipole magnet located in front of the polarimeter was used to precess the polarization vector in the scattering plane through an angle of x. Sequential measurements of the scattering asymmetry with the polarization vector precessed through angles ? = 0° and ? = ±90° for Q2 = 1.47 (GeV/c)2 were made during January 2001 and through angles ? = ±40° for Q2 = 1.17 (GeV/c)2 during April 2001 and will be reported on in this dissertation. This ratio method removes the need to know the analyzing power.
Book Synopsis Measurement of the Neutron Electric Form Factor GEn in Quasielastic Scattering by :
Download or read book Measurement of the Neutron Electric Form Factor GEn in Quasielastic Scattering written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have measured the electric form factor of the neutron, GEn, at two momentum transfers (Q2= 0.5 and Q2= 1.0 GeV/c2) through quasielastic scattering in Jefferson Lab's Hall C. Longitudinally polarized electrons scattered from polarized deuterated ammonia and GEn was extracted from the beam-target asymmetry AVed which, in quasielastic kinematics, is particularly sensitive to GEn and insensitive to MEC and FSI.
Book Synopsis Measurement of the Neutron's Electric Form Factor G(E)(n) Via Doubly Polarized, Quasi-elastic Scattering at Jefferson Lab by : Frank Wesselmann
Download or read book Measurement of the Neutron's Electric Form Factor G(E)(n) Via Doubly Polarized, Quasi-elastic Scattering at Jefferson Lab written by Frank Wesselmann and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We determined the electric form factor of the neutron GEn via the reaction d(e, e?n)p using a longitudinally polarized electron beam and a frozen, polarized 15ND3 target at Jefferson Lab. The knocked out neutrons were detected in a segmented plastic scintillator in coincidence with the quasi-elastically scattered electrons which were tracked in Hall C's High Momentum Spectrometer. To extract GEn, we compared the experimental beam-target asymmetry with theoretical calculations based on different GEn models. We report the results of the fall 2001 run at Q2=0.5 and 1.0 (GeV/c)2.
Download or read book عن ثقافة النهضة written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Справочник по технике безопасности и производственной санитарии для предприятий машиностроения by :
Download or read book Справочник по технике безопасности и производственной санитарии для предприятий машиностроения written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurement of the Neutron Electric Form Factor at Q2 by :
Download or read book Measurement of the Neutron Electric Form Factor at Q2 written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nucleon form factors allow a sensitive test for models of the nucleon. Recent experiments utilising polarisation observables have resulted, for the first time, in a model-independent determination of the neutron electric form factor G$n\atop{E}$. This method employed an 80% longitudinally polarised, high intensity (10 uA) electon beam (883 MeV) that was quasi-elastically scattered off a liquid deuterium target in the reaction D ($\vec{e}$, e$\vec{n}$)p. A neutron polarimeter was designed and installed to measure the ratio of transverse-to-longitudinal polarisation using neutron scattering asymmetries. This ratio allowed a determination of the neutron elastic form factor, G$n\atop{E}$, free of the previous large systematic uncertainties associated with the deuterium wave function. The experiment took place in the A1 experimental hall at MAMI taking advantage of a high resolution magnetic spectrometer. A detailed investigation was carried out into the performance of the neutron polarimeter.
Book Synopsis Measurements of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at Q2 by : Shigeyuki Tajima
Download or read book Measurements of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at Q2 written by Shigeyuki Tajima and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Electric Form Factor of the Neutron by :
Download or read book Electric Form Factor of the Neutron written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent polarization-based precision measurements of the nucleons' elastic electric form factors have led to surprising results. The measurement of the ratio of the proton's electromagnetic form factors, $\mu_p G_E^p/G_M^p$, was found to drop nearly linearly with $Q^2$ out to at least $5 \mathrm{GeV}^2$, inconsistent with the older Rosenbluth-type experiments. A recent measurement of $G_E^n$, the neutron's electric form-factor saw $G_E^n$ does not fall off as quickly as commonly expected up to $Q^2 \approx 1.5 \mathrm{GeV}^2$. Extending this study, a precision measurement of $G_E^n$ up to $Q^2=3.5 \mathrm{GeV}^2$ was completed in Hall A at Jefferson Lab. The ratio $G_E^n/G_M^n$ was measured through the beam-target asymmetry $A_\perp$ of electrons quasi-elastically scattered off polarized neutrons in the reaction ${}^{3}\overrightarrow{He}(\overrightarrow{e}, e' n)$. The experiment took full advantage of the electron beam, recent target developments, as well as two detectors new to Jefferson Lab. The measurement used the accelerator's 100\% duty-cycle high-polarization (typically 84\%) electron beam and a new, hybrid optically-pumped polarized ${}^{3}\overrightarrow{He}$ target which achieved in-beam polarizations in excess of 50\%. A medium acceptance (80msr) open-geometry magnetic spectrometer (BigBite) detected the scattered electron, while a geometrically matched neutron detector observed the struck neutron. Preliminary results from this measurement will be discussed and compared to modern calculations of $G_E^n$.
Book Synopsis Precise Measurement of the Neutron Magnetic Form Factor from Quasielastic 3{rvec H}e({rvec E}, E'). by :
Download or read book Precise Measurement of the Neutron Magnetic Form Factor from Quasielastic 3{rvec H}e({rvec E}, E'). written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polarized 3He targets have proven to be a useful tool for studying the electric and magnetic form factors of the neutron, and the spin structure of the neutron. The neutron magnetic form factor at low Q2 was determined previously at MIT-Bates from the quasielastic 3{ital {rvec H}e({rvec e}, e{sup '})} process. New experiment was planned at TJNAF to systematically measure the inclusive 3He quasielastic transverse asymmetry, A{sub T{sup '}}, at Q2 = 0.1 - 0.5 (GeV/c)2 with high statistical and systematic accuracy. A 2% statistical uncertainty is aimed at all the pro- posed values of Q2, and 3% systematic uncertainty for A{sub T{sup '}} can be achieved for this experiment. The precise data will constrain theoretical calculations of 3He quasielastic asymmetry. Furthermore, the neutron magnetic form factor at Q2 = 0.1 - 0.5 (GeV/c)2 will be extracted from the measured asymmetries with an overall uncertainty of 2%. Precise measurements of {ital G{sup n}{sub M}} at low Q2 will resolve the discrepancy among the existing data in the same Q2 region.
Book Synopsis Measurements of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at Q2 by : Seamus Patrick Riordan
Download or read book Measurements of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at Q2 written by Seamus Patrick Riordan and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurements of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron Up to Q2 by :
Download or read book Measurements of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron Up to Q2 written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electric form factor of the neutron was determined from studies of the reaction \rea{} in quasi-elastic kinematics in Hall A at Jefferson Lab. Longitudinally polarized electrons were scattered off a polarized target in which the nuclear polarization was oriented perpendicular to the momentum transfer. The scattered electrons were detected in a magnetic spectrometer in coincidence with neutrons that were registered in a large-solid-angle detector. More than doubling the $Q^2$-range over which it is known, we find \GEn{}$ = 0.0225 \pm 0.0017 (stat) \pm 0.0024 (syst)$, $0.0200 \pm 0.0023 \pm 0.0018$, and $0.0142 \pm 0.0019 \pm 0.0013$ for $Q^2$ = 1.72, 2.48, and 3.41~\gevsq, respectively.
Book Synopsis A Measurement of the Neutron Electric Form Factor by : Robin J. Watson
Download or read book A Measurement of the Neutron Electric Form Factor written by Robin J. Watson and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
