Egypt—Searching for Binding Constraints on Growth

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Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451866216
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Egypt—Searching for Binding Constraints on Growth by : Mr.Klaus-Stefan Enders

Download or read book Egypt—Searching for Binding Constraints on Growth written by Mr.Klaus-Stefan Enders and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2007-03-01 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2004 Egypt's growth has been accelerating in step with the launching of a series of ambitious reforms, reversing a trend during the preceding half-decade when Egypt's growth rate fell below that of most regional peers and well below that of the average developing country. This paper seeks to identify factors that held back Egypt's growth in the recent past, and explores whether recent reforms have removed the most binding constraints to allow at least a temporary growth spurt. Overall, the Egyptian reforms launched in 2004 appear to have focused well on the most critical constraints-reducing red tape and tax rates, and improving access to foreign exchange-thereby getting a strong growth response out of a limited set of reforms. However, inefficient bureaucracy remains an important obstacle to higher growth and reforms in this area should continue to have high payoffs. Ongoing reforms are also addressing constraints that are likely to become binding soon (or have become so already), such as inefficient financial intermediation and high public debt. Improvements in education may rapidly become a critical factor for sustaining higher growth.

Identifying Binding Constraints to Growth

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Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498365051
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis Identifying Binding Constraints to Growth by : Mr.Mauricio Vargas

Download or read book Identifying Binding Constraints to Growth written by Mr.Mauricio Vargas and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-01-14 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As emphasized by Hausmann, Rodrik and Velasco, the policy challenge of boosting growth requires prioritization and identifying what are the most binding constraints. This paper draws on firm-level data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey, which suggests that the obstacles for the functioning of firms is related to firm size. Recognizing the potential endogeneity and simultaneity between firms' constraints and firm size, we implement an Ordered-Probit model with a potential categorical endogenous regressor to estimate, for the case of Bolivia, the conditional probability of facing obstacles given the firm size category, while controlling for other factors. The results confirm the importance of allowing for the roles of firm size in identifying constraints and suggest priorities for policies to remove constraints to economic performance.

The Egyptian Economy in the Twenty-first Century

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Publisher : American University in Cairo Press
ISBN 13 : 1649033001
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (49 download)

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Book Synopsis The Egyptian Economy in the Twenty-first Century by : Khalid Ikram

Download or read book The Egyptian Economy in the Twenty-first Century written by Khalid Ikram and published by American University in Cairo Press. This book was released on 2022-11-29 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multi-faceted account of Egyptian economic development by nineteen internationally recognized authorities and the critical challenges the economy is likely to face in the next twenty years The Egyptian Economy in the Twenty-first Century addresses the question of why Egypt, despite possessing a plethora of assets—such as a fertile agriculture, a strategic geographic location, oil and gas deposits, innumerable tourist sites, a labor force prized by regional countries, and a diaspora that remits large amounts of funds—has seldom performed to its economic potential during the last sixty years. Indeed, economic weakness created political weakness, and often exposed the country to foreign diktats. What should the country do to change this state of affairs? Nineteen internationally recognized authorities on the Egyptian economy discuss the critical challenges that the Egyptian economy is likely to face in the next two to three decades, challenges which must be overcome in order to improve the life of Egypt’s citizens and to protect the country from external pressures. Their analyses cover population and employment; development strategies; principal macroeconomic issues; development of a digital economy; fiscal and monetary matters; the external sector; poverty and income distribution; the enterprise structure; higher education; water availability; urbanization; institutional performance; and many others. Contributors: - Gouda Abdel Khalek, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt - Khaled M. Abu-Zeid, Regional Water Resources, CEDARE (Center for Environment and Development for the Arab Region and Europe), Cairo, Egypt. - Fatma El Ashmawy, World Bank. - Ragui Assaad, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities of Minneapolis and Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA - Izak Atiyas, Economic Research Forum, Cairo, Egypt. - Marwa Biltagy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. - Lahcen Bounader, International Monetary Fund. - Ishac Diwan, École Normale Supérieure, Paris, France. - Ahmed Ghoneim, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. - Khalid Ikram, Washington DC, USA. - Karima Korayem, al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. - Heba el-Laithy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. - Noha el-Mikawy, Ford Foundation, Middle East and North Africa, Cairo, Egypt. - Mohamed Mohieddin, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt. - Heba Nassar, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. - Osman Mohamed Osman, Cairo, Egypt. - Noha Razek, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. - David Sims, Cairo, Egypt. - John Waterbury, Princeton, New Jersey.

The Political Economy of Reforms in Egypt

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9774167945
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (741 download)

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Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Reforms in Egypt by : Khalid Ikram

Download or read book The Political Economy of Reforms in Egypt written by Khalid Ikram and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on Khalid Ikram's extensive knowledge of economic policymaking at the highest levels, The Political Economy of Reforms in Egypt lays out the enduring features of the Egyptian economy and its performance since 1952 before presenting an account of policy-making, growth and structural change under the country's successive presidents to the present day.

The Growth Report

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821374923
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis The Growth Report by : Commission on Growth and Development

Download or read book The Growth Report written by Commission on Growth and Development and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-07-23 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The result of two years work by 19 experienced policymakers and two Nobel prize-winning economists, 'The Growth Report' is the most complete analysis to date of the ingredients which, if used in the right country-specific recipe, can deliver growth and help lift populations out of poverty.

What Drives Prices in Egypt?

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Publisher : American University in Cairo Press
ISBN 13 : 1617973858
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis What Drives Prices in Egypt? by : Hanaa Kheir-El-Din

Download or read book What Drives Prices in Egypt? written by Hanaa Kheir-El-Din and published by American University in Cairo Press. This book was released on 2009-10-01 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2004, economic reforms in Egypt have led to robust expansion, a healthy external position, and enhanced investor confidence. But despite these positive macroeconomic developments, inflation has been steadily rising. Does fiscal policy threaten price stability? Does wage growth in the Egyptian economy lead price inflation, or is it the reverse? In this volume, these and other questions are examined by contributors who participated in a conference held in Cairo in late 2007. Here is a coherent and comprehensive analysis of the factors driving prices in Egypt, in an attempt to find a satisfactory balance between prices and economic growth. While Egypt is the focus of the analysis, the papers draw upon the relevant literature, and international experience, the findings can be applied to other middle-income economies. This timely study helps to explain the complex issues facing economists and policymakers, with proposals for reform. Contributors: Hala Abou-Ali, Hala Fares, Omneia A. Helmy, Alaa Ibrahim, Hanaa Kheir-El-Din, Rania Al-Mashat, Diaa Noureldin, Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel, and Sherine Al-Shawarby.

Handbook of Oil Politics

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136966455
Total Pages : 503 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Oil Politics by : Robert E. Looney

Download or read book Handbook of Oil Politics written by Robert E. Looney and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-01-25 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These days, one would have a difficult time picking up a newspaper, or watching a newscast that did not have a lead story dealing with some aspect of oil. From instability in the Middle East, to stock market crashes and concerns over the health of the world economy, to wars that seem to break out unexpectedly around the world, to discussions of global warming, and even speculation over the fate of mankind, oil is usually lurking somewhere in the background. To many, oil markets and their linkages to a whole spectrum of events remain something of a mystery. Unfortunately, most of the easily obtained information on oil is deeply flawed. Whole web-conspiracy sites depict ruthless insiders and reckless dictators manipulating energy markets at will. The 30 essays in this volume, written by the leading experts in the field, attempt to set the record straight. While their assessments may lack the sensationalism of many popular pundits, serious readers will find their insights invaluable in the years to come in providing a framework for understanding many of the events of the day. The volume is divided into sections. Part I provides a broad overview of the political dimensions underlying the supply of oil. Some of the key questions addressed include: is the world running out of oil? And if so, is the cause physical scarcity or political/policy failure? Why are many of the oil-producing countries in the developing world so unstable? Can oil markets be made to provide more stability to the world system? Part II examines some of the political responses to oil-related developments. Here, the key questions concern the role of the political process in the development of alternative sources of energy. The various means through which countries approach their energy security is assessed, as is the problem of climate change. The section ends with the provocative question, do governments really need to go to war for oil? Oil production, energy markets, and the political environment produce distinct regional patterns. Part III examines oil and political power in Africa, Latin America, the Middle East and South-East Asia. Part IV expands some of the main regional themes through a series of case studies on specific countries: Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Russia and Brazil. A final section looks to the future: will the oil curse continue for many countries? How will the growth and expansion of China affect oil prices and availabilities? Will oil-based sovereign wealth funds contribute to global stability or will they create increased political tensions between consuming and producing countries? Will volatile oil markets undermine the US dollar as well as the global financial system? Perhaps appropriately, the volume ends with an assessment of the future of oil in a carbon constrained world. All in all, the essays in this volume cover the whole spectrum of the politics of oil. Hopefully they will help shed light on this vital, yet still often misunderstood topic. The book does not represent any particular political or ideological position. Instead, each author has sought to objectively seek a deeper understanding as to the complexity and subtlety of forces that have all too often eluded policymakers around the world.

Private Sector and Enterprise Development

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Author :
Publisher : IDRC
ISBN 13 : 1849802955
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (498 download)

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Book Synopsis Private Sector and Enterprise Development by : Lois Stevenson

Download or read book Private Sector and Enterprise Development written by Lois Stevenson and published by IDRC. This book was released on 2010 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the challenges to private sector growth in 12 Middle East and North African (MENA) countries, assessing comparative performance against a number of indicators and focusing on the special role of SMEs and entrepreneurial activity. Highlights the variation among countries in private sector dynamism and performance, the major government policy initiatives supporting private sector and SME activity in each country, and the perspectives of government officials, researchers, and other stakeholders on research, policy, and institutional capacity needs. Concludes with a framework for guiding a comprehensive set of policies and strategies to unleash the potential of entrepreneurship as a platform for future private sector growth.

State and Economy in Ancient Egypt

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Author :
Publisher : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis State and Economy in Ancient Egypt by : David Warburton

Download or read book State and Economy in Ancient Egypt written by David Warburton and published by Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. This book was released on 1997 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining philological investigation and theoretical reasoning, this book offers a completely new interpretation of the economic role of the state in ancient Egypt. The first part provides background outlining the relevance of Keynes General Theory to the ancient Egyptian economy. The central part uses ancient Egyptian texts as the foundation of an analysis of words commonly assumed to relate to taxation during the New Kingdom (c. 15401070 B.C.E.). The conclusions summarize the philological results and explore the role of the temples in the ancient Egyptian state during the New Kingdom. The result places ancient Egyptian taxation and state economic activity in a market context, opening a new path to the understanding of the ancient Egyptian economy based on an analysis of primary sources.

OECD Development Pathways Multi-dimensional Review of the Western Balkans Assessing Opportunities and Constraints

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Author :
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264861769
Total Pages : 654 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Development Pathways Multi-dimensional Review of the Western Balkans Assessing Opportunities and Constraints by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Development Pathways Multi-dimensional Review of the Western Balkans Assessing Opportunities and Constraints written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-06-10 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Western Balkans region has come a long way over the last two decades in achieving economic and social progress. With a population of 17.6 million, the region today boasts a combined gross domestic product (GDP) of close to EUR 100 billion, an average GDP per capita of about EUR 5 400 and a comprehensive process of integration with the European Union.

Ten Steps to a Results-based Monitoring and Evaluation System

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821382896
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Ten Steps to a Results-based Monitoring and Evaluation System by : Jody Zall Kusek

Download or read book Ten Steps to a Results-based Monitoring and Evaluation System written by Jody Zall Kusek and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004-06-15 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An effective state is essential to achieving socio-economic and sustainable development. With the advent of globalization, there are growing pressures on governments and organizations around the world to be more responsive to the demands of internal and external stakeholders for good governance, accountability and transparency, greater development effectiveness, and delivery of tangible results. Governments, parliaments, citizens, the private sector, NGOs, civil society, international organizations and donors are among the stakeholders interested in better performance. As demands for greater accountability and real results have increased, there is an attendant need for enhanced results-based monitoring and evaluation of policies, programs, and projects. This Handbook provides a comprehensive ten-step model that will help guide development practitioners through the process of designing and building a results-based monitoring and evaluation system. These steps begin with a OC Readiness AssessmentOCO and take the practitioner through the design, management, and importantly, the sustainability of such systems. The Handbook describes each step in detail, the tasks needed to complete each one, and the tools available to help along the way."

World Development Report 2009

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 082137608X
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis World Development Report 2009 by : World Bank

Download or read book World Development Report 2009 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-11-04 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rising densities of human settlements, migration and transport to reduce distances to market, and specialization and trade facilitated by fewer international divisions are central to economic development. The transformations along these three dimensions density, distance, and division are most noticeable in North America, Western Europe, and Japan, but countries in Asia and Eastern Europe are changing in ways similar in scope and speed. 'World Development Report 2009: Reshaping Economic Geography' concludes that these spatial transformations are essential, and should be encouraged. The conclusion is not without controversy. Slum-dwellers now number a billion, but the rush to cities continues. Globalization is believed to benefit many, but not the billion people living in lagging areas of developing nations. High poverty and mortality persist among the world's 'bottom billion', while others grow wealthier and live longer lives. Concern for these three billion often comes with the prescription that growth must be made spatially balanced. The WDR has a different message: economic growth is seldom balanced, and efforts to spread it out prematurely will jeopardize progress. The Report: documents how production becomes more concentrated spatially as economies grow. proposes economic integration as the principle for promoting successful spatial transformations. revisits the debates on urbanization, territorial development, and regional integration and shows how today's developers can reshape economic geography.

Doing Business 2020

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464814414
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Doing Business 2020 by : World Bank

Download or read book Doing Business 2020 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seventeen in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2020 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity.

Beyond the Arab Awakening

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Author :
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 : 0896295451
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (962 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond the Arab Awakening by : Breisinger, Clemens

Download or read book Beyond the Arab Awakening written by Breisinger, Clemens and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2012 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report aims to inform and stimulate the debate on key policy priorities for poverty reduction and food security in light of the Arab Awakening. Its findings are based on an innovative combination of datasets and rigorous economic analysis. Results suggest that poverty and income inequality in the Arab world are likely higher than official numbers have long suggested. Given that poverty indicators seem to be misleading for many countries in the region, the report introduces a new welfare measure reflecting food insecurity risks at both national and household levels to classify Arab countries into five risk groups. Regression analyses further show that, unlike in the rest of the world, manufacturing- and service sectorled growth, rather than agriculture-led growth, is most pro-poor in Arab countries. In addition, high levels of public spending in the Arab world do not do as much to stimulate growth as in other world regions, particularly in the case of education. Three key policy recommendations emerge from this report: (1) improve data and capacity as the basis for evidence-based decisionmaking, (2) foster growth that enhances food security at national and household levels, and (3) significantly enhance the efficiency and retool the allocation of public spending. More generally, the report argues that the region urgently needs national dialogues about societies' joint vision and economic development strategies. Successful design and implementation of these strategies will require visionary leadership, sound laws and institutions, politicians who are accountable and listen to the voices of the people, and civil society that is patient and accepts the tenets of democracy. The Arab world is awakeit is time to move forward.

World Development Report 2020

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464814953
Total Pages : 545 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis World Development Report 2020 by : World Bank

Download or read book World Development Report 2020 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global value chains (GVCs) powered the surge of international trade after 1990 and now account for almost half of all trade. This shift enabled an unprecedented economic convergence: poor countries grew rapidly and began to catch up with richer countries. Since the 2008 global financial crisis, however, the growth of trade has been sluggish and the expansion of GVCs has stalled. Meanwhile, serious threats have emerged to the model of trade-led growth. New technologies could draw production closer to the consumer and reduce the demand for labor. And trade conflicts among large countries could lead to a retrenchment or a segmentation of GVCs. World Development Report 2020: Trading for Development in the Age of Global Value Chains examines whether there is still a path to development through GVCs and trade. It concludes that technological change is, at this stage, more a boon than a curse. GVCs can continue to boost growth, create better jobs, and reduce poverty provided that developing countries implement deeper reforms to promote GVC participation; industrial countries pursue open, predictable policies; and all countries revive multilateral cooperation.

Access to Knowledge in Egypt

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Author :
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 1849660166
Total Pages : 237 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (496 download)

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Book Synopsis Access to Knowledge in Egypt by : Lea Shaver

Download or read book Access to Knowledge in Egypt written by Lea Shaver and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2010-01-14 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open Access programme and is available on www.bloomsburycollections.com. "This book is an important contribution to recovering a nuanced, contextually aware view of access to knowledge and global knowledge governance" Yochaie Benkler, Harvard Law School "This is a 'must read' for scholars and practioners interested in economic devlopment, cultural production and access to knowledge" Susan Sell, George Washington University This volume features five chapters on current issues facing intellectual property, innovation and development policy from the Egyptian perspective. These include: information and communications technology for development, copyright and comparative business models in music, open source software, patent reform and access to medicines, and the role of the Egyptian government in promoting access to knowledge internationally and domestically. Together these chapters offer an overview of the challenges and opportunities facing efforts to promote access to knowledge. Combining both theoretical and empirical approaches, the work will be of interest to scholars and practitioners dealing with intellectual property and innovation property the world over.

Egyptian Women Workers and Entrepreneurs

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Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821381911
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Egyptian Women Workers and Entrepreneurs by : Sahar Nasr

Download or read book Egyptian Women Workers and Entrepreneurs written by Sahar Nasr and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-02-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade, Egyptian women have made significant progress in improving their economic and social status. The government s commitment to women s empowerment is strong at the highest political levels. Yet continued disparities remain in the country s labor market and in the business arena. 'Egyptian Women Workers and Entrepreneurs' analyzes these disparities and makes recommendations for needed change to ensure a level playing field. This groundbreaking book brings together data and extensive evidence on barriers to women s entry into business in Egypt and makes the case for actions to ensure gender equality. This book is based on a study that the Egyptian Ministry of Investment and Ministry of Manpower and Migration, and the National Council for Women requested to assist in analyzing the factors that influence women s low participation rate in economic activities, including the labor market and entrepreneurship. 'Egyptian Women Workers and Entrepreneurs' aims to fill the significant research gap on these subjects in Egypt as well as to provide suggestions to address continued gender inequalities. This book will be useful for donors, nongovernmental organizations, and researchers working to address gender barriers.