Urban Rivers

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Publisher : IWA Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781900222228
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (222 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Rivers by : G. Petts

Download or read book Urban Rivers written by G. Petts and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2002-03-31 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of urban development is associated with the degradation of rivers - the deterioration of water quality, increased flooding, and the loss of ecological resources. The story of urban streams and rivers is as much a social history as it is a technological one. The control of nature and exploitation of natural resources was at the heart of the industrialisation process and of advances in the co-ordination and effective administration of water-and land-management schemes. Today, new approaches to the management of urban water are a response to advances in scientific knowledge and technology, and of a new concern for quality of life. Environmental improvement and ecological restoration demonstrate confidence in an area, which can enhance economic competitiveness. Along with improvements in air quality, building stock and transport networks, the restoration of stream and river corridors can make a major contribution to the success of urban regeneration schemes. Urban Rivers provides an illustrated overview of the effects of urbanisation on the aquatic environment, potential solutions to the resulting problems, and new opportunities for the regeneration of urban streams and rivers, and of land along their corridors and of adjacent urban areas. The book is written to be accessible to a broad audience and should provide a stimulating and informative introduction to the subject for all those concerned with the urban river environment.

River Health and Ecology in South Asia

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030835537
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis River Health and Ecology in South Asia by : Bidhan Chandra Patra

Download or read book River Health and Ecology in South Asia written by Bidhan Chandra Patra and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-01 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reviews recent hydrological and environmental issues resulting from human-induced water pollution practices while providing case studies on the physical, chemical, and eco-biological techniques used to mitigate the impacts of river ecosystem pollution in South Asian countries. The book demonstrates the key methods of measurement, monitoring, mapping, and modeling of river water quality and how it is impacted by pollution and incorporates contemporary geospatial technological applications for the management and sustainability of future water resources. The major topics that the book addresses are the fundamental concepts of river ecosystem health, riverine ecology and habitats, risk assessment of riverine pollution, and technology-based river pollution control strategies. The book will serve as an interdisciplinary guide for researchers, students, and GIS specialists working in various disciplines, including pollution hazards, river ecosystem restoration, water quality, remote sensing, zoology, natural resources management, and environmental geography.

Remote Sensing and Water Resources

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319324497
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Remote Sensing and Water Resources by : A. Cazenave

Download or read book Remote Sensing and Water Resources written by A. Cazenave and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-04 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of overview articles showing how space-based observations, combined with hydrological modeling, have considerably improved our knowledge of the continental water cycle and its sensitivity to climate change. Two main issues are highlighted: (1) the use in combination of space observations for monitoring water storage changes in river basins worldwide, and (2) the use of space data in hydrological modeling either through data assimilation or as external constraints. The water resources aspect is also addressed, as well as the impacts of direct anthropogenic forcing on land hydrology (e.g. ground water depletion, dam building on rivers, crop irrigation, changes in land use and agricultural practices, etc.). Remote sensing observations offer important new information on this important topic as well, which is highly useful for achieving water management objectives.Over the past 15 years, remote sensing techniques have increasingly demonstrated their capability to monitor components of the water balance of large river basins on time scales ranging from months to decades: satellite altimetry routinely monitors water level changes in large rivers, lakes and floodplains. When combined with satellite imagery, this technique can also measure surface water volume variations. Passive and active microwave sensors offer important information on soil moisture (e.g. the SMOS mission) as well as wetlands and snowpack. The GRACE space gravity mission offers, for the first time, the possibility of directly measuring spatio-temporal variations in the total vertically integrated terrestrial water storage. When combined with other space observations (e.g. from satellite altimetry and SMOS) or model estimates of surface waters and soil moisture, space gravity data can effectively measure groundwater storage variations. New satellite missions, planned for the coming years, will complement the constellation of satellites monitoring waters on land. This is particularly the case for the SWOT mission, which is expected to revolutionize land surface hydrology. Previously published in Surveys in Geophysics, Volume 37, No. 2, 2016

Agriculture et biodiversité

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Publisher : Editions Quae
ISBN 13 : 2759218244
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (592 download)

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Book Synopsis Agriculture et biodiversité by :

Download or read book Agriculture et biodiversité written by and published by Editions Quae. This book was released on 2012-06 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Limiter la perte de biodiversité à l’horizon 2010, tel est l’engagement souscrit par la communauté internationale. C’est dans ce contexte que s’inscrit cette expertise qui analyse les relations entre agriculture et biodiversité. L’agriculture en France, par son emprise sur le territoire et la transformation des milieux naturels qu’elle opère, entretient des liens étroits avec la biodiversité. Dans les cinquante dernières années, l’intensification des pratiques agricoles, qui s’est traduite par l’arasement des haies, le recours systématique à des produits de synthèse pour protéger les plantes et fertiliser les sols, a porté atteinte à cette biodiversité. L’expertise s’est intéressée non pas à la biodiversité remarquable, illustrée par des espèces emblématiques (l’ours, le loup), mais à la biodiversité ordinaire (abeilles, syrphes, vers de terre...), qui contribue au bon fonctionnement des écosystèmes à travers des « services », comme les services de pollinisation ou de contribution à la fertilité des sols, par exemple. La question posée conjointement par les ministères en charge de l’écologie et de l’agriculture concernait les conditions d’une meilleure synergie entre biodiversité et agriculture, fondées sur une exploitation efficace des services fournis par la biodiversité dans les processus de production agricole. Que sait-on aujourd’hui des impacts, positifs et négatifs, de l’agriculture sur la biodiversité ? Quels services la biodiversité peut-elle apporter à l’agriculture, et à quelle hauteur de performance ? Comment favoriser au champ les synergies entre agriculture et biodiversité ? Quels instruments de politiques publiques, économiques et juridiques sont susceptibles de promouvoir ces interactions ? C’est pour répondre à toutes ces questions que s’est mobilisé un groupe pluridisciplinaire d’experts (écologues, agronomes, microbiologistes, spécialistes de santé végétale, économistes, juristes, sociologues), de différentes institutions (Inra, CNRS, IRD, universités, écoles supérieures agronomiques) en France et à l’étranger.

Agriculture et environnement

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Author :
Publisher : La Documentation Française
ISBN 13 : 9782110059796
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (597 download)

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Book Synopsis Agriculture et environnement by : Commission des comptes et de l'économie de l'environnement

Download or read book Agriculture et environnement written by Commission des comptes et de l'économie de l'environnement and published by La Documentation Française. This book was released on 2005 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'agriculture est une activité grande utilisatrice de biens environnementaux comme l'eau et le sol. Cependant, elle fournit aussi des services à l'environnement par l'entretien des habitats et des paysages, la prévention des inondations, le recyclage des déchets... Après un rappel des grandes évolutions de l'agriculture depuis l'après-guerre, ce rapport dresse un état des différentes pressions exercées par l'agriculture (pollutions, prélèvements...), mais aussi des services qu'elle rend à l'environnement. Il expose, ensuite, les méthodes permettant de monétariser les externalités des activités agricoles, et les résultats des études menées, en ce sens, en France et à l'étranger. Les systèmes d'observations des biens environnementaux concernés par les activités agricoles (eau, sol, air, biodiversité...) sont détaillés. Le rapport analyse aussi l'incidence des politiques publiques, qu'elles soient agricoles, environnementales ou foncières, et en particulier l'évolution de la Politique agricole commune. Initialement fondée sur des objectifs d'accroissement de la productivité agricole et ainsi incitatrice de pressions (utilisation d'engrais ou de pesticides, spécialisation des exploitations, réduction des prairies permanentes ou des haies...), la PAC a en effet progressivement intégré des contraintes environnementales au moyen d'instruments nouveaux : conditionnalité des aides, mesures agro-environnementales... Le rôle d'autres facteurs tels que la différentiation des produits, les systèmes de labellisation, les organismes de recherche ou de conseil, est aussi abordé. Enfin, le rapport examine les enjeux relatifs aux bio-carburants et à la chimie verte, qui constituent de nouveaux débouchés potentiels pour le secteur.