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Author : Richard A. Longuski
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Effects of BM3 Corn Silage on the Lactational Performance of Dairy Cows written by Richard A. Longuski and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Eric C. Schwab
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Crop-processing and Chop Length Effects in Brown-midrib Corn Silage on Lactation Performance and Digestion by Dairy Cows written by Eric C. Schwab and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alexandra Windley Kelley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (945 download)
Download or read book Physiological Impacts and Lactational Performance of Dairy Cow Fed Brown Midrib Corn Silage During Dry Period Through Early to Midlactation written by Alexandra Windley Kelley and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing solutions to the metabolic stress experienced by cows during the transition period is very important because it can negatively influence lactational performance. The objectives were to: 1) compare physiological changes through body weight (BW) and concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and Îø-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) and 2) evaluate feed intake, milk production, and energy balance (EB) of cows fed brown midrib corn silage (BMRCS)-based diets when compared with conventional corn silage (CCS)-based diets during the transition. At 4 wk prior to parturition, 40 dry multiparous Holstein cows were randomly assigned treatments. The treatment groups consisted of 2 close-up transition diets (CCS-based and BMRCS-based diet) offered to 2 groups of 20 cows each beginning at 4 wk prepartum. After calving, 10 cows from each prepartum group were individually fed one of four dietary treatments. The four dietary treatments postpartum were defined as follows: 1) CC = CCS-based close-up diet + CCS-based lactation diet; 2) CB = CCS-based close-up diet + BMRCS-based lactation diet; 3) BB = BMRCS-based close-up diet + BMRCS-based lactation diet; 4) BC = BMRCS-based close-up diet + CCS-based lactation diet. Cows were sampled weekly for feed intake, and feed composition was taken monthly. After calving, milk yields were recorded daily and milk components were analyzed monthly. Body weights were taken twice per week on wk -4, -2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20. Blood serum was sampled 3 times per week from wk -4 through 4 and then on wk 6, 8, 14, and 20. Rumen fluid was sampled on wk -4, 4, 8, 14, and 20. Feeding BMRCS-based diets during the transition did have a positive influence on dry matter intake, milk production, and energy balance. Interestingly, feeding BMRCS-based diets only during the close-up period and feeding a CCS-based diet during the lactation had similar positive effects as feeding a BMRCS-based diet through the dry period and during the lactation. This finding is meaningful because producers, especially in the Intermountain West, have experienced BMR crop yields that have been less than that of conventional crop yields and may be unwilling to utilize BMRCS in dairy rations. However, if feeding a BMRCS-based diet for a limited amount of time is beneficial, producers could be more willing to utilize this silage hybrid as an important transition period management tool.
Author : Michael Devin Miller
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)
Download or read book Effects of Forage Quality and Management Decisions on Feed Intake of Lactating Dairy Cows written by Michael Devin Miller and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dry matter intake (DMI) is one of the most important factors affecting lactational performance and health of dairy cows. Control of DMI in dairy cattle is complicated and multifactorial, but we have chosen to prioritize the two main components that primarily drive farm profitability: forage quality and cow comfort. Brown midrib-3 (BM3) genetics in corn silage typically result in greater fiber digestibility and less indigestible fiber, which result in greater DMI and milk production compared to conventional, non-BM (CON) corn silage. Trace minerals may negatively affect fiber digestion by solubilizing in the rumen. Importantly, hydroxy trace minerals (HTM) are less soluble in the rumen compared to sulfate sources (STM). Still, to-date, no models have inputs that reflect social environment factors such as stocking density and feeding frequency. The objectives of this dissertation were to: 1) evaluate the effect of source of corn silage and trace mineral on lactational performance, total tract digestibility (TTD) of nutrients, and rumen fermentation, and 2) create a model that accurately quantifies the effect of management decisions on DMI. The study addressing the first objective (Chapters 2 and 3) investigated the effects of source of corn silage (CON or BM3) and trace minerals (STM or HTM) on lactational performance, TTD of nutrients, and particle passage rates. Sixteen Holstein cows averaging 82 (SE = 3) days in milk were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square design with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The dietary treatments were: 1) CON-STM, 2) CON-HTM, 3) BM3-STM, and 4) BM3-HTM. There was no significant interaction between corn silage and trace mineral for DMI and milk yield. Cows fed the BM3 diets had greater DMI and milk yield compared to the cows fed the CON diets. The cows fed the HTM diets had greater DMI than cows fed STM diets. The cows fed the BM3 diets had greater TTD of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) than cows fed the CON diets. Cows fed the HTM diets had a tendency for greater TTD of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) than the cows fed STM diets. Cows fed the BM3 diets had a faster passage rate of small- and medium-sized corn silage NDF particles than cows fed the CON diets. The study addressing the second objective (Chapter 4) created a model that accurately quantifies the effects of stocking density and feeding frequency on behavior and performance of lactating dairy cattle. The foundation of the management model was a time budget. The eating time was predicted using common on-farm measures (NDF content, physically effective NDF, body weight, and milk yield) and had a good predictive ability with a mean absolute error of 39 min/d regardless of parity. Stocking density affected lying time, which accounted for 76% of the variance in lying time. The adjusted lying time was then used to predict a milk yield, which accounted for 36% of the variance in milk yield. The peuNDF240 accounted for 60% of the variance in DMI. Brown midrib-3 corn silage enhanced DMI, milk yield, TTD of OM, and greater passage rate of corn silage particles. Hydroxy trace minerals improved DMI, tended to improve TTD of NDF. The management model appeared to be a useful tool, although more data and research are needed to validate the model. In the future, hopefully, both forage quality and management decisions will be included in the same nutritional model to predict feed intake more accurately.
Author : Hugo A. Ramirez
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (729 download)
Download or read book The Effect of Feeding Brown Midrib Corn Silage and Dried Distillers Grains Plus Solubles on Lactational Performance and Nitrogen Utilization by Lactating Dairy Cows written by Hugo A. Ramirez and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mehmet Ali Bal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Utilization of Corn Silage by Lactating Dairy Cows written by Mehmet Ali Bal and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Christina Charlene Taylor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Corn Grain Endosperm Type and the Brown Midrib 3 Mutation in Corn Silage written by Christina Charlene Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David Dominguez-Diaz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Effects of Brown MIDRIB-3 Or Cutting Height of Conventional Corn Silage on Animal Production written by David Dominguez-Diaz and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ronald Edward Debatin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (52 download)
Download or read book The Effects of Group Feeding a Mixture of Concentrates and Corn Silage to Lactating Dairy Cows on Production Performance written by Ronald Edward Debatin and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lawrence Dean Muller
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (518 download)
Download or read book Effects of Group Feeding Lactating Dairy Cows a Mixture of Corn Silage and Concentrates written by Lawrence Dean Muller and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Masahito Oba
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Effects of Enhanced in Vitro Neutral Detergent Fiber Digestibility of Forage on Feed Intake and Performance of Lactating Cows written by Masahito Oba and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Sergio Cueva Welchez
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of an Amylase-enabled Corn Silage in Lactating Cows written by Sergio Cueva Welchez and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of an amylase-enabled corn silage on the lactation performance, enteric gas emission and rumen fermentation of lactating dairy cows. The amylase-enabled corn hybrid (Enogen; Syngenta Seeds LLC) was harvested, ensiled, and included in the diet at 40% of dry matter (DM) of the cows. The Enogen corn silage (ECS) was compared with silage from a control (CON) isogenic corn hybrid without the amylase trait. Both silages were included at the same inclusion rate of dietary DM and the diet fed, with exception of the silage source, was identical between the treatments. The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the effect of ECS on lactational performance, enteric gas emission, and rumen fermentation of lactating dairy cows. Both corn hybrids were grown for approximately 130 d, and silages were fermented for approximately 220 d before the beginning of the animal experiment in April 2019. At harvest, the CON hybrid yielded approximated 1.1 t of DM/ha more than the ECS hybrid. Crude protein concentration was 6% lesser in ECS when compared with the CON hybrid. Acid detergent fiber was also 3.9% lesser for ECS. Furthermore, the ECS was greater in starch content, when compared with the CON (9.3%, on average). As expected, the amylase activity in ECS was 13-fold greater when compared with the CON silage. Nevertheless, the differences mentioned in the nutritional content of the silages, did not result in major differences in fermentation end-products between the silages. Inclusion of ECS at 40% dietary DM did not affect DMI but increased MY (40.8 vs 38.8 kg/d), improved feed efficiency (1.55 vs. 1.47 kg/kg) and tended to improve energy-corrected milk yield (ECM) feed efficiency in lactating cows (1.50 vs. 1.45 kg/kg). Milk lactose was greater (4.92 vs 4.86 %) for cows fed the ECS diet, relative to CON, but milk protein and fat contents were similar. Methane emission intensity (per unit of milk yield) was decreased by the ECS diet compared with CON; however, treatment did not affect CH4 emission intensity expressed per kilogram of ECM. Rumen fermentation, apart from a decreased molar proportion of butyrate in rumen fluid of ECS-fed cows, was not affected by treatment. Amylase activity was numerically, but not statistically, greater in rumen fluid of ECS-fed cows, however, the difference could be related both to a greater amylase activity in ECS (as previously described) and greater starch intake with the ECS diet, when compared with CON. As suspected, intake of starch was greater in cows fed the ECS diet relative to CON, and apparent total-tract DM digestibility also tended to be greater in cows fed the ECS. There were no differences in intakes in any of the other nutrients or their apparent total-tract digestibility. Nitrogen intake and utilization, as well as urinary purine derivative excretion, were not affected by the silage treatment. Effects induced by ECS were likely a result of the greater starch content in ECS and greater overall availability of digestible nutrients. Moreover, given that ECS decreased CH4 emission intensity (per unit of MY, but not of ECM), data would suggest that the carbon footprint of milk production could be reduced by inclusion of ECS, Inclusion of an amylase-enabled hybrid in dairy rations showed promising effects by improving feed efficiency and ECM feed efficiency in dairy cows. However, the amylase-enabled corn silage used in the current experiment tended to have a greater overall availability of digestible nutrients and was greater in starch content, when compared with its isogenic counterpart. In this regard, effects observed on cow performance can be attributed, at least partially, to differences in silage nutritional composition. Research investigating the effects of feeding amylase-enabled corn silages to dairy cows is limited. This makes it challenging to concretely determine the mode and extent of action of the amylase enzyme in the current study. Thus, future research on amylase-enabled hybrids should be focused on determining modes and stages of action of the enzyme, potential nutritional and environmental benefits in dairy cows, and possible interactions with other additives or dietary ingredients. The amylase-enabled technology seems to be promising, however, questions remain that must be answered to fully understand the benefits of the inclusion of amylase-enabled corn in dairy cow diets.
Author : Erin Beth Recktenwald
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Effect of Feeding Corn Silage Based Diets Predicted to be Deficient in Either Ruminal Nitrogen Or Metabolizable Protein on Nitrogen Utilization and Efficiency of Use in Lactating Cows written by Erin Beth Recktenwald and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to concern over nitrogen (N) emissions, this study attempted to evaluate dietary approaches to reduce N excretion by dairy cattle. Knowledge about potential N sources that were either unaccounted for or under-predicted by CPM Dairy and the Dairy NRC (2001) was used to formulate rations that were much lower in crude protein (CP) than typically fed to dairy cattle but would potentially not decrease production. Specifically, the three diets fed were predicted to have: (1) positive rumen N and metabolizable protein (MP) balances (Diet P) (2) negative MP balance and positive rumen N balance (Diet N), or (3) negative rumen N balance but positive MP balance (Diet T) as predicted by CPM Dairy version 3. The objective of this experiment was to determine whether, and to what extent, the decrease in predicted ruminally available N and MP supply would affect milk production. Eighty-eight multiparous lactating Holstein cows (83 ± 20 DIM), were blocked by average daily milk yield to 50 DIM and parity and assigned to three diets differing in N content or predicted rumen degradability of the feed N. The diets were formulated with CPM Dairy V3 using library values for all feeds except corn silage where actual chemical, digestibility, and degradation rate values were determined and used. The diets (DM basis) consisted of approximately 50% corn silage, 2% wheat straw and 48% of a diet specific ingredient mix and were formulated for 22.2 of kg DMI. Actual diet CP levels were 16.7, 14.2 and 14.3% for Diets P, N and T, respectively. The predicted CPM Dairy rumen N balance at the formulated DMI was 29 and 27 g for Diets P and N and negative 39 g/d for Diet T, whereas the predicted MP balance was 263 and negative 145 and 91 g/d for Diets P, N and T, respectively. Monensin was included in the diets at a formulated intake of approximately 300 mg per cow per d and somatotropin was administered per label. Actual DMI for cattle fed these treatments were 25.7, 25.5 and 24.2 kg/d for Diets P, N and T, respectively and were significantly lower for Diet T. Actual milk yield was 45.0, 42.6 and 43.3 kg/d and 3.5% FCM was 38.1, 36.5, and 36.4 kg/d for cows fed Diets P, N and T, respectively and was significantly lower for cows fed Diets N and T. Milk protein percent was not affected by diet; however, milk protein yield was significantly greater for cows fed Diet P due to the difference in milk yield. Plasma urea N concentrations were 11.31, 8.40 and 7.13 mg/dl for cows fed diets P, N and T, respectively and were different and paralleled the rumen ammonia levels of 8.32, 6.58 and 5.84 mg/dl. Milk fat depression (MFD) was observed in all cows and was not affected by treatment, and the average milk fat levels were 2.67, 2.68 and 2.54% for diets P, N and T, respectively. To determine if monensin was partially responsible for the MFD, monensin was removed from the diets of approximately half of the cows on treatment once they had finished the experimental period. Removal of monensin resulted in a 30% increase in milk fat percent, and milk protein content was not affected. Calculated milk N:intake N ratios for the three treatments were 0.31, 0.33 and 0.36 for Diets P, N and T respectively. The results of this study suggest that more productive N is available than currently predicted by either CPM Dairy and the Dairy NRC (2001). Understanding where these differences exist would allow for feeding less CP to dairy cattle and decreasing N emissions to the environment. It may also be a profitable strategy for dairy farmers, as they would be able to reduce their purchase of costly protein feeds, but that was not demonstrated in this study - primarily due to the severe milk fat depression that decreased the economic value of milk. However, ration cost was not a concern for this experiment, and that aspect can be considered when implementing feeding strategies stemming from this research. (Abstract).
Author : Mehmet Ali Bal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Kernel Milkline Stage Effects on the Nutritive Value of Corn Silage for Lactating Dairy Cows written by Mehmet Ali Bal and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book High Energy Corn Silage for Lactating Dairy Cattle written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gonzalo Ferreira
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Nutritive Evaluation of Corn Silage written by Gonzalo Ferreira and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Carla Sjostrom Kuehn
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Sources of Variation in Corn Silage Quality and Feeding Value for Lactating Dairy Cows written by Carla Sjostrom Kuehn and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
