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Earthquake Source Parameters Seismicity And Tectonics Of The Oceanographer Transform Fault
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Book Synopsis Earthquake Source Parameters, Seismicity, and Tectonics of the Oceanographer Transform Fault by : James Louis Muller
Download or read book Earthquake Source Parameters, Seismicity, and Tectonics of the Oceanographer Transform Fault written by James Louis Muller and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Earthquake Source Parameters, Seismicity, and Tectonics of North Atlantic Transform Faults by : James Louis Muller
Download or read book Earthquake Source Parameters, Seismicity, and Tectonics of North Atlantic Transform Faults written by James Louis Muller and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Seismotectonics of the Explorer Region and of the Blanco Transform Fault Zone by : Jochen Braunmiller
Download or read book Seismotectonics of the Explorer Region and of the Blanco Transform Fault Zone written by Jochen Braunmiller and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, we present the first detailed, long-term seismotectonic studies of oceanic ridge-transform systems. The proximity of the Juan de Fuca plate to a network of broadband seismic stations in western North America provides a unique synergy of interesting tectonic targets, high seismicity, and recording capabilities. Our main tools are earthquake source parameters, determined by robust waveform modeling techniques, and precise earthquake locations, determined by joint epicenter relocation. Regional broadband data are used to invert for the source moment tensors of the frequent, moderate-sized (M ≥ 4) earthquakes; this analysis began 1994. We include Harvard centroid moment-tensors available since 1976 for larger (M ≥ 5) earthquakes. Two studies comprise the main part of this thesis. In the first, we determine the current tectonics of Explorer region offshore western Canada. Earthquake slip vector azimuths along the Pacific-Explorer boundary require an independent Explorer plate. We determine its rotation pole and provide a tectonic model for the plate's history over the last 2 Ma. Plate motion changes caused distributed deformation in the plate's southeast corner and caused a small piece in the southwest corner to transfer to the Pacific plate. Capture of the plate fragment indicates that preserved fragments not necessary represent entire microplates. In the second study, we investigate seismicity and source parameters along the Blanco Transform Fault Zone (BTFZ). The deformation style-- strike slip and normal faulting-- correlates well with observed changes in BTFZ's morphology. We infer that Blanco Ridge probably consists of two fault segments, that several parallel faults are active along BTFZ's west part, and that Cascadia Depression possibly is a short spreading center. The slip distribution along the BTFZ is highly variable, although seismicity could account for the full plate motion rate along the entire BTFZ. The final part is a short study where we locate an earthquake in the tectonically active Mendocino triple junction region offshore northern California using land and offshore data. The precise location may be useful as a master event for relocating other earthquakes.
Book Synopsis Acoustic Monitoring of Earthquakes Along the Blanco Transform Fault Zone and Gorda Plate and Their Tectonic Implications by : Robert P. Dziak
Download or read book Acoustic Monitoring of Earthquakes Along the Blanco Transform Fault Zone and Gorda Plate and Their Tectonic Implications written by Robert P. Dziak and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydroacoustic tertiary (T- ) waves are seismically generated acoustic waves that propagate over great distances in the ocean sound channel with little loss in signal strength. Hydrophone recorded T-waves can provide a lower earthquake detection threshold and an improved epicenter location accuracy for oceanic earthquakes than land-based seismic networks. Thus detection and location of NE Pacific ocean earthquakes along the Blanco Transform Fault (BTFZ) and Gorda plate using the U.S. Navy's SOSUS (SOund SUrveillance System) hydrophone arrays afford greater insight into the current state of stress and crustal deformation mechanics than previously available. Acoustic earthquake information combined with bathymetry, submersible observations, earthquake source-parameter estimates, petrologic samples, and water-column chemistry renders a new tectonic view of the southern Juan de Fuca plate boundaries. Chapter 2 discusses development of seismo-acoustic analysis techniques using the well-documented April 1992 Cape Mendocino earthquake sequence. Findings include a hydrophone detection threshold estimate (M~2.4), and T-wave propagation path modeling to approximate earthquake acoustic source energy. Empirical analyses indicate that acoustic energy provides a reasonable magnitude and seismic moment estimate of oceanic earthquakes not detected by seismic networks. Chapters 3 documents a probable volcanogenic T-wave event swarm along a pull-apart basin within the western BTFZ during January 1994. Response efforts yielded evidence of anomalous water-column 3He concentrations, pillow-lava volcanism, and the first discovery of active hydrothermal vents along an oceanic fracture zone. Chapter 4 discusses the detection of a NE-SW trending microearthquake band along the mid-Gorda plate which was active from initiation of SOSUS recording in August 1991 through July 1992, then abruptly ceased. It is proposed that eventual termination of the Gorda plate seismicity band is due to strain reduction associated with the Cape Mendocino earthquake sequence. Chapter 5 combines bathymetric, hydro-acoustic, seismic, submersible, and gravity data to investigate the active tectonics of the transform parallel Blanco Ridge (BR), along the eastern BTFZ. The BR formation mechanism preferred here is uplift through strike-slip motion (with a normal component) followed by formation and intrusion of mantle-derived serpentinized-peridotite into the shallow ocean crust. The conclusion considers a potential link between the deformation patterns observed along the BTFZ and Gorda plate regions.
Book Synopsis Dead Sea Transform Fault System: Reviews by : Zvi Garfunkel
Download or read book Dead Sea Transform Fault System: Reviews written by Zvi Garfunkel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-03 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Dead Sea transform is an active plate boundary connecting the Red Sea seafloor spreading system to the Arabian-Eurasian continental collision zone. Its geology and geophysics provide a natural laboratory for investigation of the surficial, crustal and mantle processes occurring along transtensional and transpressional transform fault domains on a lithospheric scale and related to continental breakup. There have been many detailed and disciplinary studies of the Dead Sea transform fault zone during the last 20 years and this book brings them together. This book is an updated comprehensive coverage of the knowledge, based on recent studies of the tectonics, structure, geophysics, volcanism, active tectonics, sedimentology and paleo and modern climate of the Dead Sea transform fault zone. It puts together all this new information and knowledge in a coherent fashion.
Book Synopsis Source Mechanism and Seismotectonics by : UDIAS
Download or read book Source Mechanism and Seismotectonics written by UDIAS and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: nesus, Armenia, and Georgia have largely profited from the experience acquired in the study of the large events of the early 1980s. The Mediterranean region is not only the site of shallow dispersed seismic activity, it is also the site of localized intermediate depth seismic activity, and of some rare deeper events. Active subduc tion is clearly at the origin of Greek intermediate depth seismicity, while the deep activity under Calabria and the Vrancea region in Romania is clearly related to downgoing slabs that have long remained active after the arrest of subduction. The origin of the intermediate and very deep seismicity below Spain is a considerably more complex problem. Several possible explanations of the intermediate depth activity to about 110 km have been proposed, but the origin of the deep (650 km) events studied by BURFORN et a1. remains a mystery since this is the only source of deep activity that is not related in an obvious way to a subduction zone. The problem of seismic source mechanism and seismotectonics cannot be completely separated from that of the mechanical origin of earthquakes. Recent work on this subject has revealed the intimate relation between fault geometry, as observed by field geologists, and the results of inversion of source process from seismic data in the far-field or in the near-field.
Book Synopsis Seismicity and Structure of the Orozco Transform Fault from Ocean Bottom Seismic Observation Anne Martine Tréhu by : Anne Martine Tréhu
Download or read book Seismicity and Structure of the Orozco Transform Fault from Ocean Bottom Seismic Observation Anne Martine Tréhu written by Anne Martine Tréhu and published by . This book was released on 1982* with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Geology of the Earthquake Source by : Åke Fagereng
Download or read book Geology of the Earthquake Source written by Åke Fagereng and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2011 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professor Richard (Rick) Sibson revolutionized structural geology by illustrating that fault rocks contain an integrated record of earthquakes. Fault-rock textures develop in response to geological and physical variables such as composition, environmental conditions (e.g. temperature and pressure), fluid presence and strain rate. These parameters also determine the rate- and state-variable frictional stability of a fault, the dominant mineral deformation mechanism and shear strength, and ultimately control the partitioning between seismic and aseismic deformation. This volume contains a collection of papers that address the geological record of earthquake faulting from field-based or theoretical perspectives.
Book Synopsis Source Parametrization of Earthquakes Along Juan de Fuca Transform Boundaries by : Birat Sapkota
Download or read book Source Parametrization of Earthquakes Along Juan de Fuca Transform Boundaries written by Birat Sapkota and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Juan de Fuca plate system is what remains of Farallon plate subducting under the continental North American plate. Blanco Transform Fault Zone (BTFZ) consists of a network of strike-slip faults discontinued by pull apart depressions which o↵sets the Juan de Fuca Ridge and the Gorda Ridge. Detailed analysis of earthquake source parameters are done using onshore stations. Existing estimates of locations were noted to be systematically biased in NNE by ~30 km along BTFZ and most depth estimates are at 10km. The Cascadia Initiative (CI) and Blanco Transform OBS Experiment deployed 70 and 55 ocean bottom seismometers (OBS), respectively, within the Juan de Fuca (JDF) plate from September 2012 to October 2013. We analysed 19 events M[subscript w] ≥4 as cataloged by regional seismic networks. Regional waveform modeling of three component seismic records was done to obtain earthquake source parameters. We invert for moment tensor, best centroid depth and source time function. Solutions from land only stations are compared against solutions using added offshore stations. We aim to identify biases due to limited coverage on moment tensor. We compare moment tensor solutions obtained by land only and land+OBS. We carry out inversion at a deviatoric constraint on moment tensor with local location estimates. Resolvability of deviatoric and isotropic component of moment tensor source is investigated by changing constraints. Moment tensor is modeled a combination of strike-slip, isotropic and residual CLVD sources whose relative percentages are obtained and analysed. Source mechanisms and magnitudes are compared with ones from Global Centroid Moment Tensor (Global CMT) Catalog, whenever available. Due to the high long-period noise level, OBS data were filtered at 0.05-0.1 Hz, while land data were filtered at 0.02-0.04 Hz. OBS orientations necessary for waveform modeling, were estimated by maximizing the Rayleigh wave cross-correlation between the Hilbert transformed vertical component and trial radial components.
Book Synopsis Tectonics of the Oceanographer Transform: Seismic Evidence by : Hugh Rowlett
Download or read book Tectonics of the Oceanographer Transform: Seismic Evidence written by Hugh Rowlett and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean-bottom seismographs (OBS's) were used in a combined refraction and microearthquake monitoring experiment at the eastern junction of the Oceanographer transform with the mid-Atlantic ridge at 35 N. Microearthquake activity at the junction occurred over a zone at least 7 km wide. Microearthquakes that were located define a linear zone of faulting up to 12 km in length and about 3 km in width that is oblique to both the local strike of the median valley and transform valley and the present direction of spreading. These microearthquakes appear to be associated with fault scarps that form the inner walls on the west and north sides of the median and transform valleys.
Book Synopsis The Relationship of Source Parameters of Oceanic Transform Earthquakes to Plate Velocity and Transform Length by : Norman Charles Burr
Download or read book The Relationship of Source Parameters of Oceanic Transform Earthquakes to Plate Velocity and Transform Length written by Norman Charles Burr and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Geology of the Oceanographer Transform Fault by : Richard H. Moody
Download or read book The Geology of the Oceanographer Transform Fault written by Richard H. Moody and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bibliography and Index of Geology by :
Download or read book Bibliography and Index of Geology written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Complex Faulting Process of Earthquakes by : J. Koyama
Download or read book The Complex Faulting Process of Earthquakes written by J. Koyama and published by Springer. This book was released on 1997-03-31 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In seismology an earthquake source is described in terms of a fault with a particular rupture size. The faulting process of large earthquakes has been investigated in the last two decades through analyses of long-period seismo grams produced by advanced digital seismometry. By long-period far-field approximation, the earthquake source has been represented by physical parameters such as s~ismic moment, fault dimension and earthquake mag nitude. Meanwhile, destruction often results from strong ground motion due to large earthquakes at short distances. Since periods of strong ground motion are far shorter than those of seismic waves at teleseismic distances, the theory of long-period source process of earthquakes cannot be applied directly to strong ground motion at short distances. The excitation and propagation of high-frequency seismic waves are of special interest in recent earthquake seismology. In particular, the descrip tion and simulation of strong ground motion are very important not only for problems directly relevant to earthquake engineering, but also to the frac ture mechanics of earthquake faulting. Understanding of earthquake sources has been developed by investigating the complexity of faulting processes for the case of large earthquakes. Laboratory results on rock failures have also advanced the understanding of faulting mechanisms. Various attempts have been made to simulate, theoretically and empirically, the propagation of short-period seismic waves in the heterogeneous real earth.
Book Synopsis Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences Accepted by Colleges and Universities of the United States and Canada by : Wade H. Shafer
Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences Accepted by Colleges and Universities of the United States and Canada written by Wade H. Shafer and published by Springer. This book was released on 1984-02-01 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This series lists applicable thesis titles published in the United States and Canada. Volume 40 covers thesis year 1995. All back volumes are still available.
Book Synopsis New Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey by : Geological Survey (U.S.)
Download or read book New Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis New Publications of the Geological Survey by : Geological Survey (U.S.)
Download or read book New Publications of the Geological Survey written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
