Dynamic Behavior Of Metal Plate Connected Wood Truss Joints

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Dynamic Behavior of Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Joints

Author : Scott M. Kent
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (374 download)

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Book Synopsis Dynamic Behavior of Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Joints by : Scott M. Kent

Download or read book Dynamic Behavior of Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Joints written by Scott M. Kent and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this research were to evaluate the behavior of actual metal-plate-connected (MPC) tension-splice and heel wood truss joints under seismic loads from the Northridge earthquake (tension-splice joints only) and under loads from a large artificial earthquake (1.0 g's and 0.67 g's maximum horizontal and vertical accelerations, respectively). A proposed sequential phased displacement (SPD) loading standard was used to determine dynamic characteristics of MPC joints: energy dissipation, damping ratio and cyclic stiffness. A sinusoidal loading function was used to determine the effect of cyclic loading on the strength of MPC tension-splice and heel joints. Joints were constructed from 2x4 in. nominal Douglasfir. The size of the metal-plate-connectors for the tension-splice and heel joints were 3x4 in. and 3x5 in., respectively. Strength and stiffness of the MPC joints after the seismic and SPD loadings were compared to those properties in a control group of joints tested to failure under a static ramp load alone. Strength degradation was not observed in the tension-splice and heel joints as a result of the earthquake loading regimes. Stiffness degradation was observed in the heel joint as a result of the large artificial earthquake loads and in both the tension-splice and heel joints as a result of the SPD loading. The SPD loading regime did not affect the ultimate strength of the tension-splice joints, but did reduce the ultimate strength of the heel joints. Dynamic properties, determined from the SPD loading, depended on the magnitude of displacement (displacement increases in amplitude with time). The damping ratio and energy dissipation tend to increase as the SPD loading progresses, whereas, the cyclic stiffness decreases. For design, damping ratios of 4.3% and 3.8% are recommended for the tension-splice and heel joints, respectively. Cyclic loading can have a significant effect on the strength of MPC joints depending on the amplitude of the cycles. Cycles with amplitudes greater than 20% of the mean ultimate strength (determined from the static loading control group) for the tension-splice joints and greater than 35% of the mean ultimate strength for the heel joints tend to reduce the strength.

Metal-plate-connected Wood Joints

Author : Rākeśagupta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Metal-plate-connected Wood Joints by : Rākeśagupta

Download or read book Metal-plate-connected Wood Joints written by Rākeśagupta and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This publication has presented an overview of current research on MPC joints in wood trusses. The literature search was primarily of U.S. sources, with some effort to obtain literature from other parts of the world. An enormous amount of important information has been amassed by studies on testing procedures and theoretical models. Among the many attributes that must be considered in modeling and analysis of joints and trusses are the effect of load angle, wood-plate orientation, size, thickness, stiffness of steel plates, and specific gravity of wood on the strength of the joints, as well as the effect of the gap closure between members, tooth damage or length, and tooth layout on the overall joint performance. Extensive research has been done on tension joints in trusses; some has been done on heel connections, but very little has been done on web and other connections. Researchers have devoted considerable effort to understanding tensile joints under axial loading. However, experience suggests that even tensile joints are subjected to combined loadings because of eccentricities. The behavior of a simple MPC joint is very complex and influenced by many variables, including plate properties, joint geometry, and the natural variability of wood. An integrated approach, as used by Foschi (1977), that considers the material behavior and interactions of wood and plate and that is simple but sufficiently accurate for designing joints should be developed. A standard method for studying the long-term behavior of MPC joints should be developed and used in design. One possible option would be to use a time-temperature superposition principle for developing long-term data from relatively short-term tests. Failure modes of the truss joints should be characterized. Work on dynamic behavior and environmental effects on the joints is also needed."--Summary and conclusions.

Behavior of Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Joints Under Wind and Impact Loads

Author : Mark J. Redlinger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (393 download)

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Book Synopsis Behavior of Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Joints Under Wind and Impact Loads by : Mark J. Redlinger

Download or read book Behavior of Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Joints Under Wind and Impact Loads written by Mark J. Redlinger and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research is to understand the behavior of metal-plate- connected (MPC) joints by examining actual MPC truss heel and tension splice joints subjected to hurricane wind load simulations and impact loads. A hurricane wind load simulation was applied to MPC heel joints to determine if a large scale wind event would cause strength loss or change the joint stiffness. An "impact" load of one second duration (as defined by the American Forest and Paper Association (AFPA) (1991)) was also applied to MPC heel joints and tension splice joints. Two different impact loads were applied to MPC tension splice joints to determine if strength degradation or stiffness change occurs due to loads with short duration and high maximum load. Finally, MPC tension splice joints were subjected to a ramp load which linearly increased ten times faster than the control group ramp load to determine if shorter duration tests still produce "static" loading results. All observed properties were compared to a control group which was subjected to a static ramp load. Both MPC heel and tension splice joints exhibited non-linear behavior under static ramp loads and failed with little warning because the tests were load- controlled. Tooth withdrawal, wood shear failure, and plate failure modes were all seen for both types of MPC joints. Heel joints tested with the top member in tension proved to have 17% higher average ultimate strength and 42% lower average ultimate deflection than heel joints tested with the top member in compression. The stiffness of heel joints increased by an average of 300% after the tension wind simulation. This stiffness increase is possibly due to wood densification near the metal teeth. The impact load, which increases from the dead load to double the design load caused a stiffness increase similar to the stiffness increase produced by the tension wind simulations. No significant strength degradation was caused by dynamic loadings on heel joints. The accelerated ramp load produced the same results as the static ramp load in 1110th the time. Joint stiffness decreased after the impact load for tension splice joints, but increased for heel joints. Impact loads caused no decrease in strength. Increasing the impact spike magnitude by 50% produced 360% more deflection during the spike.

PRO 8: 1st International RILEM Symposium on Timber Engineering

Author : Lars Boström
Publisher : RILEM Publications
ISBN 13 : 9782912143105
Total Pages : 872 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (431 download)

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Book Synopsis PRO 8: 1st International RILEM Symposium on Timber Engineering by : Lars Boström

Download or read book PRO 8: 1st International RILEM Symposium on Timber Engineering written by Lars Boström and published by RILEM Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Analytical and Experimental Investigation of the Behavior of Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Joints

Author : Milan Vatovec
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (377 download)

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Book Synopsis Analytical and Experimental Investigation of the Behavior of Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Joints by : Milan Vatovec

Download or read book Analytical and Experimental Investigation of the Behavior of Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Joints written by Milan Vatovec and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A commercially available, three-dimensional (3-D) finite-element (FE) analysis program was used to model metal-plate-connected (MPC) joints in wooden trusses. The model's features included consideration of material properties, teeth-to-grain-to-direction- of-force orientation, and wood-to-wood contact. Non-linear spring elements, placed on the wood surface between wood and plate, were used to represent wood-to-teeth interaction. Each tooth was represented as a single point consisting of three nonlinear spring elements, accounting for wood-to-teeth stiffness behavior in each of the three major plate directions. The stiffness properties for the spring elements were assigned based on tensile joint tests at various teeth-to-grain orientations. Once incorporated in the model, the per-tooth stiffness need not be adjusted for different loading conditions applied later to the joint model. The load-displacement (L-D) results from the model and the experimental results from tensile and bending tests of splice joints with different teeth-to-grain orientations showed a good agreement. Simplified models where wood-to-teeth interaction was represented using a reduced number of spring elements showed a potential for application in truss design. Furthermore, the behavior of five different types of MPC wood joints from an actual scissors truss was evaluated through testing, while simulating loads carried by truss members in service. Strength, stiffness, and failure modes were observed. For three out of five joints, the steel plate size governed the behavior of the entire joint, causing a steel-tearing failure mode. Models developed to simulate the five joints predicted axial L-D behavior of the joints relatively well, whereas the rotational behavior was not evaluated due to insufficiently defined boundary conditions during testing. Finally, an FE analysis of the entire scissors truss was performed. The 3-D truss model was compared to conventionally accepted, two-dimensional (2-D), beam-element- based truss FE models with different joint stiffness assumptions: pinned, rigid, semi-rigid, and fictitious element. The 3-D model predicted the overall experimental L-D truss behavior most accurately. The difference in displacement predictions by the 2-D models indicated that even more substantial discrepancies might exist in their predictions of truss forces and moments, which are the basis for truss design considerations.

Joint behavior of metal-plate-connected parallel-chord wood trusses

Author : David Neely Inlow
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Joint behavior of metal-plate-connected parallel-chord wood trusses by : David Neely Inlow

Download or read book Joint behavior of metal-plate-connected parallel-chord wood trusses written by David Neely Inlow and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Engineered Bamboo Structures

Author : Yan Xiao
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000554090
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Engineered Bamboo Structures by : Yan Xiao

Download or read book Engineered Bamboo Structures written by Yan Xiao and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-04-29 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bamboo is in the spotlight as a potential building material in the current pursuit of a CO2-neutral society, due to its rapid maturation and excellent mechanical properties. Despite the growing interest in bamboo in academia and society, there is a lack of systematic understanding of the fabrication, design and construction processes using bamboo as a modern industrial material. This is the first book to describe a new category of structural systems constructed with engineered bamboo. It gives a definition of engineered bamboo (glubam) in an analogy with steel structures and wood structures. Structural systems and components have been designed using glubam; then industrialized production processes of glubam are described. Based on state-of-the-art research, design guidelines are suggested, in a comparable and parallel approach to the existing guidelines for composite wood structures. The book also discusses bamboo structures in the context of sustainable development, including the benefits of using bamboo as an alternative or replacement for wood, especially for developing countries, many of which are faced with the lack or destruction of forest resources.

Small-Scale Modeling of Metal-Plate-Connected Wood Truss Joints

Author : R. Gupta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis Small-Scale Modeling of Metal-Plate-Connected Wood Truss Joints by : R. Gupta

Download or read book Small-Scale Modeling of Metal-Plate-Connected Wood Truss Joints written by R. Gupta and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research was to develop 1/3-scale models of full-size (prototype) metal-plate-connected wood truss joints and a complete truss using similitude theory. To verify material properties, we compared moduli of elasticity of prototype and 1/3-scale model boards. Although the variation in stiffness of the model was greater than that of the prototype, the average properties of the model and prototype were similar. The resulting average design stiffness of 1/3-scale tension splice joints was within 1 % of the prototype joint stiffness, while the ultimate load was 7 % lower than the prototype. Stiffness and strength of model heel joints were within 22 % and 17 %, respectively, of the stiffness and strength of their prototypes. Finally, ten complete model trusses were fabricated and tested; their average stiffness and strength were 780 N/mm and 17.3 kN, respectively, after scaling up by similitude. Modeling full-size truss connection behavior up to the design load, and possibly to failure, with small-scale models and similitude theory may be feasible.

Testing and Evaluation of Metal-Plate-Connected Wood Truss Joints

Author : M. Vatovec
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis Testing and Evaluation of Metal-Plate-Connected Wood Truss Joints by : M. Vatovec

Download or read book Testing and Evaluation of Metal-Plate-Connected Wood Truss Joints written by M. Vatovec and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Five different types of metal-plate-connected (MPC) wood joints from a scissors truss were tested to evaluate their behavior. All joints were tested in a unique testing apparatus where in-plane loads along with moments were applied to simulate loads carried by the truss members. Strength, stiffness, and failure modes for bottom chord splice joints at web (BSJ), heel joints (HJ), crown joints (CJ), bottom chord ridge joints (BRJ), and top chord splice joints at web (TSJ) were reported. The average strengths of the BSJ, HJ, CJ, BRJ, and TSJ were 51 200 N, 49 800 N, 33 000 N, 52 300 N, and 43 100 N, respectively. The average values of the rotational stiffness were 245 440 kNmm/rad, 249 600 kNmm/rad, 103 700 kNmm/rad, and 33 800 kNmm/rad for BSJ, HJ, BRJ, and TSJ, respectively. Average transitional stiffness values were 61.7 kN/mm for BSJ, 29.2 kN/mm for HJ, and 40.2 kN/mm for BRJ. The majority of bottom chord joints failed in plate tearing, whereas top chord joints generally failed in a web member withdrawal mode. The joint stiffness data were used in a preliminary finite element (FE) analysis of the same truss, and the analytical results compared well to actual full-scale truss test results. Stiffness and strength data will be used in a future FE study.

Behavior of Metal Plate Connection in Wood Trusses

Author : Vong D. Toan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Behavior of Metal Plate Connection in Wood Trusses by : Vong D. Toan

Download or read book Behavior of Metal Plate Connection in Wood Trusses written by Vong D. Toan and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Small-scale Modeling of Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Joints

Author : Mark Kittel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (399 download)

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Book Synopsis Small-scale Modeling of Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Joints by : Mark Kittel

Download or read book Small-scale Modeling of Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Joints written by Mark Kittel and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research was to develop a one-third scale model of full-size (prototype) metal-plate-connected (MPC) wood truss joints using similitude theory. The prototype metal connector plates in MPC joints were modeled using thin galvanized sheet metal and short staples. Truss grade wood material was ripped to one-third scale dimensions to be used as the modeling material. Prototype tension splice joints were modeled with 48, one-quarter inch staples embedded in each model connection with each pair of prototype teeth approximated by a single staple tooth. Heel joints were modeled with 60, one-quarter inch staples embedded in each model heel joint connection. The remaining truss connections were developed from projections based on tension splice joint and heel joint designs. To provide verification of the model material properties, a modulus of elasticity (MOE) study was performed that compared prototype and one-third scale model boards. The results indicated that although the variation in MOE of the model was 11% greater than that of the prototype, the average properties of the model and prototype were similar. One-third scale tension-splice joints were tested and the resulting average design stiffness was within 1% of the prototype joint stiffness, while the ultimate load was 7% lower than the prototype. Stiffness and strength of model heel joints were within 22% and 17% of the stiffness and strength of prototype heel joints, respectively. Finally, ten complete model trusses were fabricated and tested. Model trusses had an average stiffness and strength of 4,450 lb/in and 3,895 lb, respectively, after being scaled up by similitude requirements. These results were compared with the available literature, but exact comparisons were not possible because of different loading conditions and the use of oversized connector plates by some other researchers. The results indicate that it may be possible to model full-size truss connection behavior up to the design load and possibly to failure using small-scale models and similitude theory.

A Practical Approach to Model the Behavior of a Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss System

Author : Zhong Li
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (382 download)

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Book Synopsis A Practical Approach to Model the Behavior of a Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss System by : Zhong Li

Download or read book A Practical Approach to Model the Behavior of a Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss System written by Zhong Li and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal-plate-connected (MPC) trusses have traditionally been designed based on a tributary load distribution and a simplified truss model. This design method ignores the load-sharing and composite action in MPC roof truss systems, the semi-rigidity of MPC joints, and joint eccentricity. The main objective of this study was to provide a practical approach to model MPC trusses and roof truss systems by using a commercial program and investigate the system performance of MPC roof trusses with plywood sheathing. The model takes into account the complexities of system behavior from load-sharing and composite action, the semi-rigidity of the MPC joints, and joint eccentricity. Model verification was conducted by comparing the predicted deflections, member internal forces, truss strengths, and load-sharing of four nine-truss roof systems with experimental results from the literature. A strength simulation program for trusses and truss systems was also developed. The correlated lumber strength properties were generated using a multivariate normal approach to preserve the correlation between properties. Failure modes examined in this project included wood member failure and joint failure. Joint failure criteria were based on the experimental strengths of heel joints, bottom-chord-tension-splice joints and web at the bottom chord joints from the literature. This study provided a practical approach to model MPC trusses and truss systems. Predictions for truss deflections, strengths, member internal forces, and load-sharing agree with the experimental results. Through strength simulations, it was found that the predominant failure mode for simulated 3:12 and 6:12 slope, 28-foot-span trusses is heel joint failure, and if a weakest-link theory is used, no strength increase was observed for trusses inside of truss systems, but significant load-sharing was found for localized single truss loading.

Metal Plate Connected Wood Joints

Author : R. Gupta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Metal Plate Connected Wood Joints by : R. Gupta

Download or read book Metal Plate Connected Wood Joints written by R. Gupta and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the literature on the state of the art of metal plate connected (MPC) joints commonly used in roof and floor wood trusses for light frame construction. The paper describes completed and current research. Some of the topics discussed are testing and modelling, behaviour of MPC trusses, dynamic testing, creep and reliability based design.

Analytical Model of Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Joint Stiffness

Author : Garth James Riley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Analytical Model of Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Joint Stiffness by : Garth James Riley

Download or read book Analytical Model of Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Joint Stiffness written by Garth James Riley and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Advances in Building Technology

Author : M. Anson
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080526632
Total Pages : 1844 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Building Technology by : M. Anson

Download or read book Advances in Building Technology written by M. Anson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-11-14 with total page 1844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This set of proceedings is based on the International Conference on Advances in Building Technology in Hong Kong on 4-6 December 2002. The two volumes of proceedings contain 9 invited keynote papers, 72 papers delivered by 11 teams , and 133 contributed papers from over 20 countries around the world. The papers cover a wide spectrum of topics across the three technology sub-themes of structures and construction, environment, and information technology. The variety within these categories spans a width of topics, and these proceedings provide readers with a good general overview of recent advances in building research.

Three-dimensional Modeling of Metal Plate Connected Wood Truss Joints

Author : Xiaoqin Liu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Three-dimensional Modeling of Metal Plate Connected Wood Truss Joints by : Xiaoqin Liu

Download or read book Three-dimensional Modeling of Metal Plate Connected Wood Truss Joints written by Xiaoqin Liu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Practical Method to Analyze the System Effects of a Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Assembly

Author : Da-Ren Dung
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (434 download)

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Book Synopsis A Practical Method to Analyze the System Effects of a Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Assembly by : Da-Ren Dung

Download or read book A Practical Method to Analyze the System Effects of a Metal-plate-connected Wood Truss Assembly written by Da-Ren Dung and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study presents a practical method to model an actual Metal-Plate- Connected (MPC) roof truss assembly using a commercial program, SAP2000, to investigate its system performance. Truss assembly modeling was examined because the conventional single truss design method ignores system effects, such as variability of modulus of elasticity (MOE), interaction of sub-assemblies, realistic boundary conditions, etc. Two types of semi-rigid MPC joint models, linear spring (LS) joint model and a truss plate manufacturer's (TPM's) joint model, were used for the truss and truss assembly models. To verify the truss models using the LS joint model, the predicted deflections of individual trusses and the load sharing of nine-truss roof assembly models were compared with experimental results from the literature. Fourteen individual trusses (the components of the actual roof truss assembly) using TPM's joint models were also verified by comparing the Combined Stress Index (CSI) values with the CSI values provided by the TPM. Both design and one set of random material properties were used in the analysis of the actual roof truss assembly model. The predictions for truss models using the LS joint model for truss deflections and load sharing effect agree with the experimental results. The CSI values for individual trusses with the TPM's joint model matched the CSI values provided by the TPM. The load distribution in an actual roof truss assembly is strongly influenced by the interaction of sub-assemblies and by the boundary conditions. In the truss assembly, the prediction of location and value of maximum CSI are different from those for the single truss. The truss with the maximum CSI value of 0.91 among fourteen individual truss types decreased to 0.52 and 0.51 when this truss is in the assembly with design and random material properties, respectively. Moreover, the truss with a maximum CSI of 1.03 in the assembly (with design properties) had a CSI value of only 0.95 as an individual truss. Although the CSI of one truss type increased over 1.0 in the assembly, the CSI of most other trusses decreased (by as much as 43%). So, the behavior of a single truss is different when the truss is in the assembly. The benefits of using an assembly model compared to the conventional truss design method are in providing increased safety through improved analysis and in a potential reduction in construction cost.