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Driving Simulators For The Evaluation Of Human Machine Interfaces In Assisted And Automated Vehicles
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Book Synopsis Driving Simulators for the Evaluation of Human-Machine Interfaces in Assisted and Automated Vehicles by : Toshio Ito
Download or read book Driving Simulators for the Evaluation of Human-Machine Interfaces in Assisted and Automated Vehicles written by Toshio Ito and published by IET. This book was released on 2021-10-05 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Driving Simulators for the Evaluation of Human-Machine Interfaces in Assisted and Automated Vehicles is a concise reference work on driving simulators, which conveys the technology behind simulator systems used to test driver assistance systems and automated vehicles, including electric vehicles. Coverage includes architecture, computer graphics, evaluation parameters and applied examples.
Book Synopsis Driver Reactions to Automated Vehicles by : Alexander Eriksson
Download or read book Driver Reactions to Automated Vehicles written by Alexander Eriksson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-07-04 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Driver Reactions to Automated Vehicles focuses on the design and evaluation of the handover to and from driver and the automobile. The authors present evidence from studies in driving simulators and on the open roads to show that handover times are much longer than anticipated by previous research. In the course of the studies, Eriksson and Stanton develop compelling evidence to support the use of driving simulators for the study of handovers. They also develop guidelines for the design of handover strategies and show how this improves driver takeover of vehicle control. Features Provides a history of automobile automation Offers a contemporary analysis of the state of automobile automation Includes novel approaches in examining driver-automation interaction Presents studies of automation in driving simulators Includes on-road studies of driver automation Covers guidelines for design of vehicle automation
Book Synopsis Test and Evaluation Methods for Human-Machine Interfaces of Automated Vehicles by : Frederik Naujoks Naujoks
Download or read book Test and Evaluation Methods for Human-Machine Interfaces of Automated Vehicles written by Frederik Naujoks Naujoks and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2020-10-21 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the latest developments in the area of human factors test and evaluation methods for automated vehicles. Future vehicles will allow a transition of responsibility from the driver to the automated driving system and vice versa. Drivers will have the opportunity to use a wide variety of different driver assistance systems within the same vehicle. This coexistence of different automation levels creates new challenges in the design of the vehicle's human-machine interface (HMI), which have to be accounted for by human factors experts, both in industrial design and in academia. This book brings together the latest developments, empirical evaluations and guidelines on various topics, such as the design and evaluation of interior as well as exterior HMIs for automated vehicles, and the assessment of the impact of automated vehicles on non-automated road users and driver state assessment (e.g., fatigue, motion sickness, fallback readiness) during automated driving.
Book Synopsis Human-Machine Interface for Intelligent Vehicles by : Fusheng Jia
Download or read book Human-Machine Interface for Intelligent Vehicles written by Fusheng Jia and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-08-30 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human-Machine Systems Design and Evaluation Methodology for Intelligent Vehicles examines the fields of designing and developing intelligent design and intelligent vehicle driving evaluation by using virtual reality, augmented reality, and other technologies. The book explains the methodologies and systems of interactive design, user evaluation and testing using virtual reality technology and augmented reality technology in intelligent cockpit design. With the rising prominence of electric vehicles and automatic driving (assisted) technology, intelligent vehicles are becoming a reality. Compared to traditional interactive design, artificial intelligence provides new opportunities and challenges for the interactive design of intelligent cockpit space, especially under the condition of intelligent assisted driving, the driver's behavior performance, multimodal interactive display interface design and evaluation. Focuses on the interactive design methods of intelligent vehicles, as well as forward-looking design and testing methods of intelligent vehicle design Emphasizes that interactive design should be carried out using the relevant elements of intelligent system in the design of intelligent cars: starting from the interactive characteristics of intelligence itself Starts from AI interactive design and combines the field of cognitive science to develop the methods and technologies of vehicle borne equipment and collaborative human-computer interaction design Includes design cases from the intelligent car interaction design laboratory of Tongji University and related scientific research projects in China.
Book Synopsis Shaping Automated Driving to Achieve Societal Mobility Needs by : Peter Moertl
Download or read book Shaping Automated Driving to Achieve Societal Mobility Needs written by Peter Moertl and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Distributed Moving Base Driving Simulators by : Anders Andersson
Download or read book Distributed Moving Base Driving Simulators written by Anders Andersson and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-04-30 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development of new functionality and smart systems for different types of vehicles is accelerating with the advent of new emerging technologies such as connected and autonomous vehicles. To ensure that these new systems and functions work as intended, flexible and credible evaluation tools are necessary. One example of this type of tool is a driving simulator, which can be used for testing new and existing vehicle concepts and driver support systems. When a driver in a driving simulator operates it in the same way as they would in actual traffic, you get a realistic evaluation of what you want to investigate. Two advantages of a driving simulator are (1.) that you can repeat the same situation several times over a short period of time, and (2.) you can study driver reactions during dangerous situations that could result in serious injuries if they occurred in the real world. An important component of a driving simulator is the vehicle model, i.e., the model that describes how the vehicle reacts to its surroundings and driver inputs. To increase the simulator realism or the computational performance, it is possible to divide the vehicle model into subsystems that run on different computers that are connected in a network. A subsystem can also be replaced with hardware using so-called hardware-in-the-loop simulation, and can then be connected to the rest of the vehicle model using a specified interface. The technique of dividing a model into smaller subsystems running on separate nodes that communicate through a network is called distributed simulation. This thesis investigates if and how a distributed simulator design might facilitate the maintenance and new development required for a driving simulator to be able to keep up with the increasing pace of vehicle development. For this purpose, three different distributed simulator solutions have been designed, built, and analyzed with the aim of constructing distributed simulators, including external hardware, where the simulation achieves the same degree of realism as with a traditional driving simulator. One of these simulator solutions has been used to create a parameterized powertrain model that can be configured to represent any of a number of different vehicles. Furthermore, the driver's driving task is combined with the powertrain model to monitor deviations. After the powertrain model was created, subsystems from a simulator solution and the powertrain model have been transferred to a Modelica environment. The goal is to create a framework for requirement testing that guarantees sufficient realism, also for a distributed driving simulation. The results show that the distributed simulators we have developed work well overall with satisfactory performance. It is important to manage the vehicle model and how it is connected to a distributed system. In the distributed driveline simulator setup, the network delays were so small that they could be ignored, i.e., they did not affect the driving experience. However, if one gradually increases the delays, a driver in the distributed simulator will change his/her behavior. The impact of communication latency on a distributed simulator also depends on the simulator application, where different usages of the simulator, i.e., different simulator studies, will have different demands. We believe that many simulator studies could be performed using a distributed setup. One issue is how modifications to the system affect the vehicle model and the desired behavior. This leads to the need for methodology for managing model requirements. In order to detect model deviations in the simulator environment, a monitoring aid has been implemented to help notify test managers when a model behaves strangely or is driven outside of its validated region. Since the availability of distributed laboratory equipment can be limited, the possibility of using Modelica (which is an equation-based and object-oriented programming language) for simulating subsystems is also examined. Implementation of the model in Modelica has also been extended with requirements management, and in this work a framework is proposed for automatically evaluating the model in a tool.
Book Synopsis Human Modelling in Assisted Transportation by : Carlo Cacciabue
Download or read book Human Modelling in Assisted Transportation written by Carlo Cacciabue and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-02 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this Workshop is to confront models, methods and tools developed within the projects with the ongoing research worldwide and to provide an environment for fruitful exchange of ideas. The main topics are: 1. Advanced human models in transportation. 2. Human Errors and Risk Assessment in design processes of assistance systems. 3. Methods and tools to prevent erroneous behaviour to mitigate its consequences. The Workshop will consist of 10 keynote lectures as well as approximately 28 peer reviewed papers.
Book Synopsis Evaluation and Design of Human Machine Interface and User Experience for Connected Heavy Trucks by : Omar Raddaoui
Download or read book Evaluation and Design of Human Machine Interface and User Experience for Connected Heavy Trucks written by Omar Raddaoui and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The core of Connected Vehicle (CV) safety applications lies in the increased driver situational awareness of potential hazards. A robust Human Machine Interface (HMI) not only communicates information beneficial to the safety of the drivers, but also safeguards against potential adverse impacts drivers may experience. This study acts in the furtherance of a user centered HMI design and User Experience (UX) for the Wyoming DOT CV Pilot’s end users, particularly, the equipped truck drivers. To achieve this objective, this study leverages a multi-pronged approach consisting of; 1) Drawing lessons from the state-of-the-art and the state-of the-practice relevant to HMI and UX design, 2) Evaluating the behavioral impacts of truck drivers’ exposure to the Pilot’s CV warnings under a controlled driving simulator environment, and 3) Conducting surveys with the Pilot’s stakeholders to inform the HMI and UX design enhancements. With this in view, this thesis brings together three distinct studies all acting in the same direction. The first two studies leverage a driving simulator experiment featuring twenty CV-equipped professional truck drivers, all recruited by the Wyoming DOT. These studies aimed at assessing the effects of exposure to the CV weather and work zone warnings on the behavior of the participants while navigating a work zone under reduced visibility. Adverse weather conditions were incorporated within the scenarios to simulate the frequent challenging weather conditions on I-80 in Wyoming. To this end, each participant drove two scenarios with replicate layout and driving and weather conditions, however, once with the HMI being deactivated (baseline scenario) and a second time with the HMI being activated to communicate the CV warnings (CV scenario). Throughout the experiment, vehicle dynamics data, eye glance data, and post-drive questionnaires were collected. The first study sought to assess the impacts of exposure to the CV warnings on the subjects’ driving behavior using vehicle dynamics data and post-drive questionnaires. Overall, findings from this study revealed that exposure to the CV weather and work zone warnings has promising safety benefits manifested in 1) The early and less aggressive braking responses observed in preparation of the adverse weather conditions, 2) The lower speed variability between the participants in the work zone advance warning area, 3) The early lane merge behavior ahead of the work zone lane closure, and 4) The high participants’ approval of the CV warnings in terms of ease of understanding and usefulness for the real-world application. Nonetheless, few participants may have experienced distraction brought about by the display of several CV work zone warnings. This was observed in the slight deterioration in the lane keeping behavior, in addition to the rankings of few subjects suggestive of potential distraction. The second study sought to quantify the effects of exposure to the Pilot’s CV weather and work zone warnings on the participants’ visual/ cognitive workload, in addition to measuring the introduced distraction. This was accomplished using eye tracking technology; a powerful tool to identify where and for how long a driver is looking within the visual scene. Overall, this study showed that 1) The display of the CV weather and work zone warnings induced glances to the HMI that are well within the typical range of in-vehicle devices, 2) The weather notifications did not induce significant visual or cognitive workloads demands to the truck drivers thanks to the little amount of information that was communicated on the HMI, in addition to the appropriate timing/driving environment at which the weather warnings were communicated, 3) Conversely, the CV work zone warnings induced significant visual/cognitive demand to the drivers, corroborating the findings from the previous study. This is likely due to the display of multiple small-sized work zone warnings on the cluttered HMI in a short window of time during demanding driving conditions. The last study sought to draw the key lessons learned from the previous work on HMI and UX design for the benefit of the Wyoming CV Pilot’ stakeholders and end users. These lessons contributed to the development of practice-ready recommendations being adopted by the Wyoming DOT for immediate and future implementation. All in all, these lessons address 1) The imperative need for CV warnings to prompt appropriate driver response, 2) Designing the HMI to support safe vehicle operation and minimal driver nuisance, and 3) Crafting a thoughtful UX built-around stakeholders’ needs. Key recommendations in this study include reducing the message flow rate from the Work Zone Warnings application to reduce the potential of real-life distracted driving and driver nuisance. This is in addition to improving the visibility of the warnings on the HMI, so that drivers can effectively perceive and extract information from the HMI in a timely fashion.
Book Synopsis Test and Evaluation Methods for Human-Machine Interfaces of Automated Vehicles by : Frederik Naujoks
Download or read book Test and Evaluation Methods for Human-Machine Interfaces of Automated Vehicles written by Frederik Naujoks and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the latest developments in the area of human factors test and evaluation methods for automated vehicles. Future vehicles will allow a transition of responsibility from the driver to the automated driving system and vice versa. Drivers will have the opportunity to use a wide variety of different driver assistance systems within the same vehicle. This coexistence of different automation levels creates new challenges in the design of the vehicle's human-machine interface (HMI), which have to be accounted for by human factors experts, both in industrial design and in academia. This book brings together the latest developments, empirical evaluations and guidelines on various topics, such as the design and evaluation of interior as well as exterior HMIs for automated vehicles, and the assessment of the impact of automated vehicles on non-automated road users and driver state assessment (e.g., fatigue, motion sickness, fallback readiness) during automated driving.
Book Synopsis Designing for Older Adults by : Arthur D. Fisk
Download or read book Designing for Older Adults written by Arthur D. Fisk and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-01-14 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As life expectancy increases, older workers and the retired form a large and growing proportion of the world’s population. Professionals working to develop systems and environments need to better accommodate the user needs of the older adult. This new guide provides a practical introduction to human factors and the older adult. It considers the subject primarily from an engineering psychology perspective, heavily grounded in today’s scientific knowledge. The authors show how current understanding of age-related issues of perception, cognition, and movement control can be applied in practice. They also provide a reference source with guidelines and advice for design issues ranging from lighting, computer input device selection, and web site design, to training program development and work task design. The text draws on research-oriented work and presents this in a form that can be used by the broad audience of product designers, health care practitioners, managers, and others who need answers to problems and require sound recommendations for design.
Book Synopsis Human-Machine Interaction for Automated Vehicles by : Yifan Zhao
Download or read book Human-Machine Interaction for Automated Vehicles written by Yifan Zhao and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-05-24 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human-Machine Interaction for Automated Vehicles: Driver Status Monitoring and the Takeover Process explains how to design an intelligent human-machine interface by characterizing driver behavior before and during the takeover process. Multiple solutions are presented to accommodate different sensing technologies, driving environments and driving styles. Depending on the availability and location of the camera, the recognition of driving and non-driving tasks can be based on eye gaze, head movement, hand gesture or a combination. Technical solutions to recognize drivers various behaviors in adaptive automated driving are described with associated implications to the driving quality. Finally, cutting-edge insights to improve the human-machine-interface design for safety and driving efficiency are also provided, based on the use of this sensing capability to measure drivers’ cognition capability. Covers everything needed to design an effective driver monitoring system, including sensors, areas to monitor, computing devices, and data analysis algorithms Explores aspects of driver behavior that should be considered when designing an intelligent HMI Examines the L3 take-over process in detail
Book Synopsis Extensions for Distributed Moving Base Driving Simulators by : Anders Andersson
Download or read book Extensions for Distributed Moving Base Driving Simulators written by Anders Andersson and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2017-03-30 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern vehicles are complex systems. Different design stages for such a complex system include evaluation using models and submodels, hardware-in-the-loop systems and complete vehicles. Once a vehicle is delivered to the market evaluation continues by the public. One kind of tool that can be used during many stages of a vehicle lifecycle is driving simulators. The use of driving simulators with a human driver is commonly focused on driver behavior. In a high fidelity moving base driving simulator it is possible to provide realistic and repetitive driving situations using distinctive features such as: physical modelling of driven vehicle, a moving base, a physical cabin interface and an audio and visual representation of the driving environment. A desired but difficult goal to achieve using a moving base driving simulator is to have behavioral validity. In other words, A driver in a moving base driving simulator should have the same driving behavior as he or she would have during the same driving task in a real vehicle.". In this thesis the focus is on high fidelity moving base driving simulators. The main target is to improve the behavior validity or to maintain behavior validity while adding complexity to the simulator. One main assumption in this thesis is that systems closer to the final product provide better accuracy and are perceived better if properly integrated. Thus, the approach in this thesis is to try to ease incorporation of such systems using combinations of the methods hardware-in-the-loop and distributed simulation. Hardware-in-the-loop is a method where hardware is interfaced into a software controlled environment/simulation. Distributed simulation is a method where parts of a simulation at physically different locations are connected together. For some simulator laboratories distributed simulation is the only feasible option since some hardware cannot be moved in an easy way. Results presented in this thesis show that a complete vehicle or hardware-in-the-loop test laboratory can successfully be connected to a moving base driving simulator. Further, it is demonstrated that using a framework for distributed simulation eases communication and integration due to standardized interfaces. One identified potential problem is complexity in interface wrappers when integrating hardware-in-the-loop in a distributed simulation framework. From this aspect, it is important to consider the model design and the intersections between software and hardware models. Another important issue discussed is the increased delay in overhead time when using a framework for distributed simulation.
Book Synopsis HCI in Mobility, Transport, and Automotive Systems by : Heidi Krömker
Download or read book HCI in Mobility, Transport, and Automotive Systems written by Heidi Krömker and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-16 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on HCI in Mobility, Transport, and Automotive Systems, MobiTAS 2022, held as part of the 23rd International Conference, HCI International 2022, which was held virtually in June/July 2022. The total of 1271 papers and 275 posters included in the HCII 2022 proceedings was carefully reviewed and selected from 5487 submissions. The MobiTAS 2022 proceedings were organized in the following topical sections: Designing Interactions in the Mobility, Transport, and Automotive Context; Human-Centered Design of Automotive Systems; Driver Information and Assistance Systems; Studies on Automated Driving; and Micro-mobility and Urban Mobility.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of External Human-machine Interfaces for Facilitating the Interaction of Pedestrians with Self-driving Vehicles by : Stefanie Martina Störtebek
Download or read book Evaluation of External Human-machine Interfaces for Facilitating the Interaction of Pedestrians with Self-driving Vehicles written by Stefanie Martina Störtebek and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Human-Automation Interaction Design by : Jediah R. Clark
Download or read book Human-Automation Interaction Design written by Jediah R. Clark and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-10-13 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text presents a four-step approach for applying communicative concepts to driving automation, including: scoping, piloting, designing, and testing. It further provides experimental data on how practical human-human communication strategies can be applied to interaction in automated vehicles. The book explores the role of communication and the nature of situation awareness in automated vehicles to ensure safe and usable automated vehicle operation. It covers the issue of interaction in automated vehicles by providing insight into communicative concepts, the transfer of control in human-teams, and how these concepts can be applied in automated vehicles. The theoretical framework is built on by presenting experimental findings, design workshop output and providing a demonstration of prototype generation for automated assistants that addresses a wide range of performance outcomes within human-machine interaction. Aimed at professionals, graduate students, and academic researchers in the fields of ergonomics, automotive engineering, transportation engineering, and human factors, this text: Discusses experimental findings on how practical human-human communication strategies can be applied to interaction in automated vehicles. Provides a four-step approach for applying communicative concepts to driving automation, including: scoping, piloting, designing and testing. Explores the role of distributed situation awareness in automated vehicles. Covers communication and system awareness in response to multiple complex road scenarios. Provides design guidelines for automation-human handover design.
Book Synopsis Designing Interaction and Interfaces for Automated Vehicles by : Neville Stanton
Download or read book Designing Interaction and Interfaces for Automated Vehicles written by Neville Stanton and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Driving automation and autonomy are already upon us and the problems that were predicted twenty years ago are beginning to appear. These problems include shortfalls in expected benefits, equipment unreliability, driver skill fade, and error-inducing equipment designs. Designing Interaction and Interfaces for Automated Vehicles: User-Centred Ecological Design and Testing investigates the difficult problem of how to interface drivers with automated vehicles by offering an inclusive, human-centred design process that focusses on human variability and capability in interaction with interfaces. This book introduces a novel method that combines both systems thinking and inclusive user-centred design. It models driver interaction, provides design specifications, concept designs, and the results of studies in simulators on the test track, and in road going vehicles. This book is for designers of systems interfaces, interactions, UX, Human Factors and Ergonomics researchers and practitioners involved with systems engineering and automotive academics._ "In this book, Prof Stanton and colleagues show how Human Factors methods can be applied to the tricky problem of interfacing human drivers with vehicle automation. They have developed an approach to designing the human-automation interaction for the handovers between the driver and the vehicle. This approach has been tested in driving simulators and, most interestingly, in real vehicles on British motorways. The approach, called User-Centred Ecological Interface Design, has been validated against driver behaviour and used to support their ongoing work on vehicle automation. I highly recommend this book for anyone interested, or involved, in designing human-automation interaction in vehicles and beyond." Professor Michael A. Regan, University of NSW Sydney, AUSTRALIA
Book Synopsis Handbook of Driving Simulation for Engineering, Medicine, and Psychology by : Donald L. Fisher
Download or read book Handbook of Driving Simulation for Engineering, Medicine, and Psychology written by Donald L. Fisher and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-04-25 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effective use of driving simulators requires considerable technical and methodological skill along with considerable background knowledge. Acquiring the requisite knowledge and skills can be extraordinarily time consuming, yet there has been no single convenient and comprehensive source of information on the driving simulation research being conduc
