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Diversity And Ecology Of Parasitic Wasps Hymenopterabraconidae In Costa Rica
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Book Synopsis Diversity and Ecology of Parasitic Wasps (Hymenoptera:Braconidae) in Costa Rica by : Leendert-Jan Van der Ent
Download or read book Diversity and Ecology of Parasitic Wasps (Hymenoptera:Braconidae) in Costa Rica written by Leendert-Jan Van der Ent and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biodiversity and Distribution of Parasitoid Wasps in Costa Rican Forests by : Helmuth Aguirre Fernandez
Download or read book Biodiversity and Distribution of Parasitoid Wasps in Costa Rican Forests written by Helmuth Aguirre Fernandez and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insect parasitoids provide a crucial ecosystem function by suppressing insect herbivores. Indeed, the loss of parasitoid species might compromise the ecological role they fill in both natural and agricultural systems. Potential threats faced by parasitoid communities are unclear because of a scarcity of studies of the patterns of parasitoid species distribution at different spatial scales. The main goal of my research is to provide insights about the patterns of parasitoid diversity across different natural gradients in Costa Rica. Based on an extensive museum collection of the parasitoid subfamilies Braconinae and Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), this project analyzes the patterns of parasitoid wasp diversity among life zones (chapter 2), along altitudinal gradients (chapter 3), and through both the spatial and temporal dimensions in a tropical dry forest (chapter 4). Chapter 1 offers an introduction to the biodiversity, ecological function and basic conservation needs for parasitoid wasp communities. In chapter 2, I found that richness and diversity peak in moist-wet and premontane forests for both subfamilies Doryctinae and Braconinae but species associations were different among the life zones. In the case of the subfamily Braconinae, dry and moist-wet forests shared a significant proportion of their parasitoid fauna, while premontane and montane forests had more similar parasitoid assemblages. On the other hand, Doryctinae communities inhabiting moist-wet and premontane forest displayed the greatest similarity. The Doryctinae assemblage in the montane forest was the most dissimilar from the others, suggesting relative isolation. In chapter 3, I found that both subfamilies displayed different altitudinal distributions; the Braconinae with two richness peaks at low and middle elevations, and the Doryctinae having a peak in richness at low elevations. Rapoport’s effect, which predicts that species living at the highest elevations display the broadest ranges in vertical distributions, matches the pattern seen in Doryctinae, but does not for the Braconinae. The Doryctinae assemblages above 500 m were subsamples of the species pool at low elevations; therefore, the Doryctinae parasitoid assemblage at low elevations represents a source for many species dispersing to higher elevations. Chapter 4 reveals that adult flying parasitoids were more active during the dry season, though richness did not vary significantly between seasons and diversity was higher in the rainy season. A younger plant community (10-15 years old) harbored greater diversity than an old stand (primary forest), though flight activity was greater in the old forest. The parasitoid similarity was more homogeneous across the forest stands during the dry season, compared with the rainy period.
Book Synopsis The Doryctinae (Braconidae) of Costa Rica: genera and species of the tribe Heterospilini by : Paul M. Marsh
Download or read book The Doryctinae (Braconidae) of Costa Rica: genera and species of the tribe Heterospilini written by Paul M. Marsh and published by PenSoft Publishers LTD. This book was released on 2013-11-06 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study presents a comprehensive taxonomic revision of the four genera and 287 species of the tribe Heterospilini (Hymenoptera: Doryctinae) that occur in Costa Rica. This tribe is represented almost entirely by the hyperdiverse genus Heterospilus Foerster that includes 280 species, 277 of which are described as new to science. Keys are presented to allow the identification of all genera and species; all species are illustrated by scanning electron micrographs and most by color photographs. In addition, an interactive key was prepared using Lucid Builder and is hosted on the Lucid web site. Although very little is known about the biology of this tribe, species of Heterospilus are known to parasitize a very wide range of endophytic, mostly stem- or wood-boring Coleoptera and Lepidoptera. It is hoped that this study will be of benefit to overall studies of biodiversity in the tropics, and provide valuable information for biological control projects against forest pests, not only in Costa Rica, but also throughout the Western Hemisphere.
Book Synopsis The Doryctinae of Costa Rica (excluding the Genus Heterospilus) by : Paul M. Marsh
Download or read book The Doryctinae of Costa Rica (excluding the Genus Heterospilus) written by Paul M. Marsh and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Parasitoid Wasps of South East Asia by : Buntika A. Butcher
Download or read book Parasitoid Wasps of South East Asia written by Buntika A. Butcher and published by CABI. This book was released on 2023-12-22 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parasitoid wasps are cosmopolitan, numerous and enormously diverse with probably one million or more species worldwide, most of which occur in the moist tropics. Their ecological importance is enormous although perhaps most evident in their major roles in the control of insect pest populations. In natural ecosystems they are integral in regulating populations of a vast number of insects, and therefore are key players in terrestrial food webs. Knowledge of their biology is still very poor because the current state of taxonomy is still in its infancy in most parts of the world.In this book, we provide an overview of the more than 30 families of parasitoid wasps that occur in the 11 countries in South East Asia. Particular emphasis is given to those most commonly encountered and reared, as well as to those used in biological control programmes. Outlines of the morphology, biology, ecology and behaviour of each family, as well as of various important subfamilies are presented. The current state of taxonomy in the region is summarised. Other chapters cover basic biology, behaviour, morphological terminology, phylogeny and methods of specimen collecting, preparation and rearing with particular relevance to the tropics. Modern molecular approaches to speeding taxonomic description of hyperdiverse taxa are considered in depth. All groups are illustrated with colour photographs. This book will be of value to professional entomologists, academics, entomology students and the growing body of amateur entomologists and insect photographers.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 898 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Braconid and Ichneumonid Parasitoid Wasps by : Donald L. J. Quicke
Download or read book The Braconid and Ichneumonid Parasitoid Wasps written by Donald L. J. Quicke and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-01-20 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ichneumonoidea is a vast and important superfamily of parasitic wasps, with some 60,000 described species and estimated numbers far higher, especially for small-bodied tropical taxa. The superfamily comprises two cosmopolitan families - Braconidae and Ichneumonidae - that have largely attracted separate groups of researchers, and this, to a considerable extent, has meant that understanding of their adaptive features has often been considered in isolation. This book considers both families, highlighting similarities and differences in their adaptations. The classification of the whole of the Ichneumonoidea, along with most other insect orders, has been plagued by typology whereby undue importance has been attributed to particular characters in defining groups. Typology is a common disease of traditional taxonomy such that, until recently, quite a lot of taxa have been associated with the wrong higher clades. The sheer size of the group, and until the last 30 or so years, lack of accessible identification materials, has been a further impediment to research on all but a handful of ‘lab rat’ species usually cultured initially because of their potential in biological control. New evidence, largely in the form of molecular data, have shown that many morphological, behavioural, physiological and anatomical characters associated with basic life history features, specifically whether wasps are ecto- or endoparasitic, or idiobiont or koinobiont, can be grossly misleading in terms of the phylogeny they suggest. This book shows how, with better supported phylogenetic hypotheses entomologists can understand far more about the ways natural selection is acting upon them. This new book also focuses on this superfamily with which the author has great familiarity and provides a detailed coverage of each subfamily, emphasising anatomy, taxonomy and systematics, biology, as well as pointing out the importance and research potential of each group. Fossil taxa are included and it also has sections on biogeography, global species richness, culturing and rearing and preparing specimens for taxonomic study. The book highlights areas where research might be particularly rewarding and suggests systems/groups that need investigation. The author provides a large compendium of references to original research on each group. This book is an essential workmate for all postgraduates and researchers working on ichneumonoid or other parasitic wasps worldwide. It will stand as a reference book for a good number of years, and while rapid advances in various fields such as genomics and host physiological interactions will lead to new information, as an overall synthesis of the current state it will stay relevant for a long time.
Book Synopsis Braconidae of the Middle East (Hymenoptera) by : Neveen S. Gadallah
Download or read book Braconidae of the Middle East (Hymenoptera) written by Neveen S. Gadallah and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-05-24 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Braconidae of the Middle East (Hymenoptera): Taxonomy, Distribution, Biology, and Biocontrol Benefits of Parasitoid Wasps provides the latest and most comprehensive knowledge of parasitoid wasp species. The highest concentration of these species is native to, or found in, the Middle East. This book covers the distribution of these species across the Palearctic region and their widespread global benefits as natural biocontrol agents. Each chapter covers a braconid subfamily, providing introductory information on its biology and phylogeny, total number of species, global distribution, and how they can be used to control pests and invasive insect species. In addition, this book discusses the importance of integrated pest management, specifically how Braconidae can be used for one-time or repeated introduction to natural enemies in suppressing pest populations. Finally, each chapter offers an illustrative key for readers to visualize and identify each species. Offers braconid taxonomy, biology, phylogeny and host-parasitoid relationships Provides illustrated identification keys to visualize and identify each species Includes global distribution of braconids in other regions Discusses braconid benefits as natural biocontrol agents
Book Synopsis Insect Biodiversity by : Robert G. Foottit
Download or read book Insect Biodiversity written by Robert G. Foottit and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 798 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume One of the thoroughly revised and updated guide to the study of biodiversity in insects The second edition of Insect Biodiversity: Science and Society brings together in one comprehensive text contributions from leading scientific experts to assess the influence insects have on humankind and the earth’s fragile ecosystems. Revised and updated, this new edition includes information on the number of substantial changes to entomology and the study of biodiversity. It includes current research on insect groups, classification, regional diversity, and a wide range of concepts and developing methodologies. The authors examine why insect biodiversity matters and how the rapid evolution of insects is affecting us all. This book explores the wide variety of insect species and their evolutionary relationships. Case studies offer assessments on how insect biodiversity can help meet the needs of a rapidly expanding human population, and also examine the consequences that an increased loss of insect species will have on the world. This important text: Explores the rapidly increasing influence on systematics of genomics and next-generation sequencing Includes developments in the use of DNA barcoding in insect systematics and in the broader study of insect biodiversity, including the detection of cryptic species Discusses the advances in information science that influence the increased capability to gather, manipulate, and analyze biodiversity information Comprises scholarly contributions from leading scientists in the field Insect Biodiversity: Science and Society highlights the rapid growth of insect biodiversity research and includes an expanded treatment of the topic that addresses the major insect groups, the zoogeographic regions of biodiversity, and the scope of systematics approaches for handling biodiversity data.
Book Synopsis American Doctoral Dissertations by :
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Caterpillars in the Middle by : Robert J. Marquis
Download or read book Caterpillars in the Middle written by Robert J. Marquis and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-22 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Caterpillars are excellent model organisms for understanding how multiple selective forces shape the ecology and evolution of insects, and organisms in general. Recent research using the tools of modern molecular biology, genetics, metabolomics, microbial ecology, experiments conducted at a global level, network analysis, and statistical analyses of global data sets, combined with basic natural history, are yielding exciting new insights into caterpillar adaptations and ecology. The best way to view these research advances is within a framework of tri-trophic interactions. This is a timely topic for research given the central role of caterpillars and plants in the ecology and trophic structure of terrestrial communities. This book is unique in that it contains chapters from a team of experts on a diversity of key topics within caterpillar-plant interactions. This volume brings together contributions by researchers from around the globe, working in both tropical and temperate habitats, and in human-managed and more natural habitats. It is a significant contribution to our understanding of insect biology, and the role that insects, as represented by caterpillars, play in a world increasingly dominated by humans and one in which threats to insect biodiversity are mounting. Chapter 11 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com. The Natural History of Caterpillar-Ant Associations" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Book Synopsis Parasitoids by : H. Charles J. Godfray
Download or read book Parasitoids written by H. Charles J. Godfray and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2019-12-31 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parasitoids lay their eggs on or in the bodies of other species of insect, and the parasitoid larvae develop by feeding on the host, causing its eventual death. Known for a long time to applied biologists for their importance in regulating the population densities of economic pests, parasitoids have recently proven to be valuable tools in testing many aspects of evolutionary theory. This book synthesizes the work of both schools of parasitoid biology and asks how a consideration of evolutionary biology can help us understand the behavior, ecology, and diversity of the approximately one to two million species of parasitoid found on earth. After a general introduction to parasitoid natural history and taxonomy, the first part of the book treats the different components of the reproductive strategy of parasitoids: searching for a host, host selection, clutch size, and the sex ratio. Subsequent chapters discuss pathogens and non-Mendelian genetic elements that affect sexual reproduction; evolutionary aspects of the physiological interactions between parasitoid and host; mating strategies; life history theory and community ecology. A special effort is made to discuss the theoretical background to the subject, but without the use of mathematics.
Book Synopsis Neotropical Insect Galls by : Geraldo Wilson Fernandes
Download or read book Neotropical Insect Galls written by Geraldo Wilson Fernandes and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-26 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book brings to light the most recent findings on the biogeography, biodiversity, host plant induction and natural history of gall inducing insects in the Neotropical region. We attempt to summarize the work done so far in the region, promote several syntheses on many aspects such as host induction, host specialization, distribution among the several vegetation types and zones, the origin of super hosts and the mechanisms leading to geographical patterns in their distribution. Furthermore, the book constructs new perspectives for deeper understanding of galling insect evolutionary ecology and biogeopgraphy in the region.
Book Synopsis Chalcidoidea of Iran by : Hassan Ghahari
Download or read book Chalcidoidea of Iran written by Hassan Ghahari and published by CABI. This book was released on 2021-01-27 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The superfamily Chalcidoidea (Insecta, Hymenoptera) contains in excess of 26,000 described species worldwide, but with an estimated total diversity of more than 500,000 species the vast majority of species have yet to be discovered and described. Most chalcidoid species are parasitoids of hosts in at least 12 different insect orders, attacking the egg, larval or pupal stages, though phytophagy and other life cycles and hosts are known. Iran is the 18th largest country in the world and has a rich and diverse insect fauna, including Chalcidoidea. It is extremely interesting from a biogeographic point of view, and a paradise for an entomologist. This book summarizes the results of all prior research concerning species diversity of Iranian Chalcidoidea, including host records and distribution records by province in Iran as well as world distribution by country for 1,351 species of Chalcidoidea recorded from Iran through the end of 2019.
Book Synopsis Parasitoid Community Ecology by : Bradford A. Hawkins
Download or read book Parasitoid Community Ecology written by Bradford A. Hawkins and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of parasitoid communities has direct relevance to general ecological theory and to the applied practice of biological control. Yet, despite the existence of a large and active international research community involved in the study of parasitoids, until now no books devoted to the theme of parasitoid community ecology have been available. Here, with a healthy mix of general discussions and specific examples such as tortricids and weevils, the authors constructively review and evaluate our understanding of these often very complex systems. The book emphasizes basic science, linking the discussion to wider areas such as population dynamics, food webs, competition, and community structure. The more applied end of the subject is covered in a section exclusively devoted to biological control. This book, the first to deal entirely with ecological aspects of parasitoid biology, offers summaries of the state of the field by leading researchers and identifies critical areas in need of further investigation. Students, researchers, and teachers in the field of ecology, animal behavior, entomology, forestry, and agriculture will all want to have a copy of the book on their shelves.
Book Synopsis Classification and Biology of Braconid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) by : M. R. Shaw
Download or read book Classification and Biology of Braconid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) written by M. R. Shaw and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monteverde written by Nalini M. Nadkarni and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-03-09 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve has captured the worldwide attention of biologists, conservationists, and ecologists and has been the setting for extensive investigation over the past 30 years. Roughly 40,000 ecotourists visit the Cloud Forest each year, and it is often considered the archetypal high-altitude rain forest.This volume brings together some of the most prominent researchers of the region to provide a broad introduction to the biology of the Monteverde, and cloud forests in general. Collecting and synthesizing vital information about the ecosystem and its biota, the book also examines the positive and negative effects of human activity on both the forest and the surrounding communities. Ecologists, tropical biologists, and natural historians will find this volume an indispensable resource, as will all those who are fascinated by the magnificent wonders of the tropical forests.
