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Distance Perception In Driver Side Convex Rearview Mirrors Objects In Mirror Are More Complicated Than They Appear
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Book Synopsis Distance Perception in Driver-side Convex Rearview Mirrors: Objects in Mirror are More Complicated Than They Appear by : Michael J. Flannagan
Download or read book Distance Perception in Driver-side Convex Rearview Mirrors: Objects in Mirror are More Complicated Than They Appear written by Michael J. Flannagan and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Convex rearview mirrors are currently prohibited in the U.S. as original equipment on passenger cars except for the exterior, passenger-side position. One of the primary reasons for this restriction is a concern that convex mirrors may cause drivers to overestimate the distances to following vehicles and therefore make unsafe maneuvers. There is a considerable amount of empirical evidence that convex mirrors do cause overestimation, but the effect is not theoretically well understood. No currently available model successfully predicts the magnitude of the distance overestimation. However, plausible theoretical considerations can be used to generate a previously untested prediction that, even if only qualitatively accurate, would be of practical significance: Eye-to-mirror distance should have a substantial effect on the magnitude of overestimation caused by convex mirrors. Specifically, longer eye-to-mirror distances (as are typical for passenger-side mirrors) should lead to more overestimation than shorter distances (as are typical for driver-side mirrors). This prediction was tested in a field experiment in which flat and convex mirrors were used on a car in both the driver-side and passenger-side exterior rearview mirror positions. Longer eye-to-mirror distance did lead to greater overestimation, although—as in previous studies—in both mirror positions the degree of overestimation was less than predicted by quantitative modeling. These results suggest that, to the extent that overestimation of distances to following vehicles is a concern for the use of convex rearview mirrors, that concern is lessstrong for the driver-side exterior position (which is relatively near to the driver’s eyes) than for passenger-side exterior position (which is relatively far from the driver’s eyes).
Download or read book Traffic written by Tom Vanderbilt and published by Vintage Canada. This book was released on 2009-08-11 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Driving is a fact of life. We are all spending more and more time on the road, and traffic is an issue we face everyday. This book will make you think about it in a whole new light. We have always had a passion for cars and driving. Now Traffic offers us an exceptionally rich understanding of that passion. Vanderbilt explains why traffic jams form, outlines the unintended consequences of our attempts to engineer safety and even identifies the most common mistakes drivers make in parking lots. Based on exhaustive research and interviews with driving experts and traffic officials around the globe, Traffic gets under the hood of the quotidian activity of driving to uncover the surprisingly complex web of physical, psychological and technical factors that explain how traffic works.
Download or read book The UMTRI Research Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1997-04 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lawyers Desk Reference written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 1596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Non-planar Driver's Side Rearview Mirrors: a Survey of Mirror Types and European Driver Experience and a Driver Behavior Study on the Influence of Experience and Driver Age on Gap Acceptance and Vehicle Detection by : Alexander P. de Vos
Download or read book Non-planar Driver's Side Rearview Mirrors: a Survey of Mirror Types and European Driver Experience and a Driver Behavior Study on the Influence of Experience and Driver Age on Gap Acceptance and Vehicle Detection written by Alexander P. de Vos and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Public Welfare Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1308 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Hearings by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Public Welfare
Download or read book Hearings written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Public Welfare and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 1308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Driver Perceptual Adaptation to Nonplanar Rearview Mirrors by : Michael J. Flannagan, Michael Sivak, Eric C. Taube
Download or read book Driver Perceptual Adaptation to Nonplanar Rearview Mirrors written by Michael J. Flannagan, Michael Sivak, Eric C. Taube and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Distance Cues and Fields of View in Rear Vision Systems by : Michael J. Flannagan
Download or read book Distance Cues and Fields of View in Rear Vision Systems written by Michael J. Flannagan and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of image size on perceived distance have been of concern for convex rearview mirrors as well as camera-based rear vision systems. We suggest that the importance of image size is limited to cases—such as current rearview mirrors—in which the field of view is small. With larger, richer fields of view it is likely that other distance cues will dominate image size, thereby substantially diminishing the concern that distortions of size will result in distortions of distance perception. We report results from an experiment performed in a driving simulator, with static simulated rearward images, in which subjects were asked to make judgments about the distance to a rearward vehicle. The images showed a field of view substantially wider than provided by any of the individual rearview mirrors in current systems. The field of view was 38 degrees wide and was presented on displays that were either 16.7 or 8.5 degrees wide, thus minifying images by factors of 0.44 or 0.22. In contrast to previous studies of convex mirrors and camera-based rear vision systems, judgments about distance were not affected by image size, suggesting that distance cues other than size were available to subjects as they made their judgments. Further testing is needed to better understand the nature of the distance cues that drivers are able to use in camera-based rear vision systems, but these results suggest that, at least under some conditions, image size is not critical for reliable perception of distance.
Book Synopsis Distance Perception with a Camera-based Rear Vision System in Actual Driving by : Michael J. Flannagan
Download or read book Distance Perception with a Camera-based Rear Vision System in Actual Driving written by Michael J. Flannagan and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examined drivers’ perceptions of distance to a rearward vehicle while using a camera-based rear vision system in actual driving conditions. Participants drove an instrumented car equipped with conventional rearview mirrors and with a camera rear vision system. Using various configurations of these rear vision systems, they observed the approach of an overtaking car and indicated the last moment at which it would be safe to initiate a lane-change maneuver in front of it. Their judgments were strongly affected by the type of display used to observe the overtaking car. The longest distances were obtained with the camera-based display at unit magnification. Distances were substantially shorter with the conventional mirror and with the camera-based display at 0.5 magnification. These results are consistent with results from an earlierstudy conducted under static conditions.
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Public Welfare. Subcommittee on Alcoholism and Narcotics Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :484 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (18 download)
Book Synopsis Amphetamine Abuse Among Truckdrivers by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Public Welfare. Subcommittee on Alcoholism and Narcotics
Download or read book Amphetamine Abuse Among Truckdrivers written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Public Welfare. Subcommittee on Alcoholism and Narcotics and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Amphetamine Abuse Among Truck Drivers by : United States. Congress. Senate. Labor and Public Welfare
Download or read book Amphetamine Abuse Among Truck Drivers written by United States. Congress. Senate. Labor and Public Welfare and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Perceived Importance of Zones Surrounding a Vehicle and Learning to Use a Convex Mirror Effectively. Final Report by : R. L. Smith
Download or read book Perceived Importance of Zones Surrounding a Vehicle and Learning to Use a Convex Mirror Effectively. Final Report written by R. L. Smith and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Driver-side Mirror Type on Lane-change Accidents by : Juha Luoma
Download or read book Effects of Driver-side Mirror Type on Lane-change Accidents written by Juha Luoma and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This quasi-experiment was designed to investigate the effects of the type of driver-side mirror on lane-change accidents. The analysis was based on 407 accidents reported from 1987 to 1992 to Finnish insurance companies, for vehicles with passenger-side convex mirrors and one of three types of driver-side mirrors (flat, convex, or multiradius). The results showed that there was no difference between the multiradius and convex mirrors in the frequencies of lane-change accidents to the left. Compared to the flat mirror, the mean effect of the multiradius and convex mirror was 22% decrease. the 95% confidence interval ranged from a 51% decrease to a 25% increase. This result was not related to driver characteristics or driving conditions. In conclusion, the multiradius and convex driver-side mirrors, in comparison to the flat mirror, are more likely to reduce than increase land-change accidents. A theoretical implication of this study is that minimizing the blind spot is likely to be more important than providing an undistorted image of objects. From a practical point of view, the present findings support the use of multiradius and convex driver-side mirrors.
Book Synopsis REVIEW MIRROR REFLECTIVITY AND THE QUALITY OF DISTANCE INFORMATION AVAILABLE TO DRIVERS by : MICHAEL J. FLANNAGAN, MICHAEL SIVAK, DENNIS S. BATTLE
Download or read book REVIEW MIRROR REFLECTIVITY AND THE QUALITY OF DISTANCE INFORMATION AVAILABLE TO DRIVERS written by MICHAEL J. FLANNAGAN, MICHAEL SIVAK, DENNIS S. BATTLE and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Comparison of Plane and Convex Rearview Mirrors for Passenger Automobiles. Final Report by : George E. Rowland
Download or read book A Comparison of Plane and Convex Rearview Mirrors for Passenger Automobiles. Final Report written by George E. Rowland and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Das Verfahren ausser Streitsachen, nach dem kaiserlichen Patente von 9 August 1854, mit den darauf bezüglichen und den über due Verlassenschaftsgebühren, die Todeserklärungen und die Amortisierung von Urkunden, dann über die Verlassenschaftsabhandlung nach Ausländern erflossenden Verordnungen by :
Download or read book Das Verfahren ausser Streitsachen, nach dem kaiserlichen Patente von 9 August 1854, mit den darauf bezüglichen und den über due Verlassenschaftsgebühren, die Todeserklärungen und die Amortisierung von Urkunden, dann über die Verlassenschaftsabhandlung nach Ausländern erflossenden Verordnungen written by and published by . This book was released on 1878 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Human Performance Aspects of Rearview Mirrors: an Applied-literature Review by : Michael J. Flannagan
Download or read book Human Performance Aspects of Rearview Mirrors: an Applied-literature Review written by Michael J. Flannagan and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document reviews the literature in the collection of the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute that is relevant to either of two human performance aspects of rearview mirror: 1) the tradeoff between visibility and glare due to rearview mirrors, and 2) possible negative perceptual consequences of the use of convex mirrors. Information from relevant items is summarized, and, when possible, presented in tabular form. Original abstracts are presented for the items that include them. A number of areas in which existing work could be extended are identified and discussed.
