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Author : Maureen L. Cropper
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1415 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (272 download)
Download or read book Discounting Human Lives written by Maureen L. Cropper and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ben Trachtenberg
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Health Inflation, Wealth Inflation, and the Discounting of Human Life written by Ben Trachtenberg and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Article presents two new arguments against “discounting” future human lives during cost-benefit analysis, arguing that even absent ethical objections to the disparate treatment of present and future humanity, the economic calculations of cost-benefit analysis itself - if properly calculated - counsel against discounting lives at anything close to current rates. In other words, even if society sets aside all concerns with the discounting of future generations in principle, current discounting of future human lives cannot be justified even on the discounters' own terms. First, because cost-benefit analysis has thus far ignored evidence of rising health care expenditures, it underestimates the “willingness to pay” for health and safety that future citizens will likely exhibit, thereby undervaluing their lives. Second, cost-benefit analysis ignores the trend of improved material conditions in developed countries. As time advances, residents of rich countries tend to live better and spend more, meaning that a strict economic monetization of future persons values the lives of our expected descendents above those of present citizens. These two factors justify “inflation” of future lives that would offset, perhaps completely, the discount rate used for human life. Until regulators correct their method of discounting the benefits of saving human lives in the future, the United States will continue to suffer the fatal costs of underregulation, and agencies will remain in violation of legal requirements to maximize net benefits.
Author : Sharmila Rudrappa
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 1479825328
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (798 download)
Download or read book Discounted Life written by Sharmila Rudrappa and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2015-12-04 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sharmila Rudrappa interrogates the creation and maintenance of reproductive labor markets, the function of agencies and surrogacy brokers, and how women become surrogate mothers. Is surrogacy solely a labor contract for which the surrogate mother receives wages, or do its meanings and import exceed the confines of the market? Rudrappa argues that this reproductive industry is organized to control and disempower women workers and yet her interviews reveal that, by and large, the surrogate mothers in Bangalore found the experience life affirming. Rudrappa explores this tension, and the lived realities of many surrogate mothers whose deepening bodily commodification is paradoxically experienced as a revitalizing life development.
Author : Jothie Rajah
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316513688
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (165 download)
Download or read book Discounting Life written by Jothie Rajah and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-11-03 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demonstrates necropolitical law's cultural disseminations to show how, for Americans and the world, life is discounted, undermining rule of law.
Author : Benjamin A. Goldman
Publisher : Aldershot, England : Avebury
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Discounting Human Lives written by Benjamin A. Goldman and published by Aldershot, England : Avebury. This book was released on 1994 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel approach to environmental equity analysis and applied this methodology to the largest repository of radioactive wastes in North America.
Author : Gavin H. Mooney
Publisher : London : Macmillan
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)
Download or read book The Valuation of Human Life written by Gavin H. Mooney and published by London : Macmillan. This book was released on 1977 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises an attempt to examine how we might set about an- swering the question: How much is society prepared to pay to reduce mortality: Or more brutally, what is the value of human life? The justification for attempting to answer such questions lies in the de- sirability of injecting increased explicitness and rationality into decision-making in those areas of the public sector which are con- cerned with life saving. Given that resources are already being de- ployed to such activities as crash-barriers on motorways, helicopters for air-sea rescue, kidney machines and other life-saving measures - although such activities result only in a reduction in risk of death, not itsillimination, in the policy fields affected - this means that already at the present time, at least by implication, values are be- ing placed by decision-makers on the saving of life.
Author : Sharmila Rudrappa
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 1479874523
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (798 download)
Download or read book Discounted Life written by Sharmila Rudrappa and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2015-12-04 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sharmila Rudrappa interrogates the creation and maintenance of reproductive labor markets, the function of agencies and surrogacy brokers, and how women become surrogate mothers. Is surrogacy solely a labor contract for which the surrogate mother receives wages, or do its meanings and import exceed the confines of the market? Rudrappa argues that this reproductive industry is organized to control and disempower women workers and yet her interviews reveal that, by and large, the surrogate mothers in Bangalore found the experience life affirming. Rudrappa explores this tension, and the lived realities of many surrogate mothers whose deepening bodily commodification is paradoxically experienced as a revitalizing life development.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789036764254
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (642 download)
Download or read book Inequality Aversion to Posterity: Discounting Human Lives written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Joel Scheraga
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351777181
Total Pages : 667 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)
Download or read book Discounting and Environmental Policy written by Joel Scheraga and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-04-27 with total page 667 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was published in 2003.The "International Library of Environmental Economics and Policy" explores the influence of economics on the development of environmental and natural resource policy. In a series of 25 volumes, the most significant journal essays in key areas of contemporary environmental and resource policy are collected. Scholars who are recognized for their expertise and contribution to the literature in the various research areas serve as volume editors and write essays that provides the context for the collection. Volumes in the series reflect three broad strands of economic research including: natural and environmental resources; policy instruments and institutions; and methodology. The editors, in their introduction to each volume, provide a state-of-the-art overview of the topic and explain the influence and relevance of the collected papers on the development of policy. This reference series provides access to the economic literature that has shaped contemporary perspectives on land use analysis and policy.
Author : Richard T. Carson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351881566
Total Pages : 578 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)
Download or read book The Stated Preference Approach to Environmental Valuation, Volumes I, II and III written by Richard T. Carson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-20 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a truly enormous literature on using stated preference information to place a monetary value on environmental amenities. This three volume set provides the key papers for understanding the historical development of contingent valuation, its theoretical and statistical foundations, and the major controversies. It also contains representative papers covering all of the major application areas in environmental valuation.
Author : Maureen L. Cropper
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book Discounting and the Evaluation of Life-saving Programs written by Maureen L. Cropper and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : M. Murphy
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822373211
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)
Download or read book The Economization of Life written by M. Murphy and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-18 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is a life worth? In the wake of eugenics, new quantitative racist practices that valued life for the sake of economic futures flourished. In The Economization of Life, M. Murphy provocatively describes the twentieth-century rise of infrastructures of calculation and experiment aimed at governing population for the sake of national economy, pinpointing the spread of a potent biopolitical logic: some must not be born so that others might live more prosperously. Resituating the history of postcolonial neoliberal technique in expert circuits between the United States and Bangladesh, Murphy traces the methods and imaginaries through which family planning calculated lives not worth living, lives not worth saving, and lives not worth being born. The resulting archive of thick data transmuted into financialized “Invest in a Girl” campaigns that reframed survival as a question of human capital. The book challenges readers to reject the economy as our collective container and to refuse population as a term of reproductive justice.
Author : Howard Steven Friedman
Publisher : University of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520383125
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)
Download or read book Ultimate Price written by Howard Steven Friedman and published by University of California Press. This book was released on 2021-05-05 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How much is a human life worth? Individuals, families, companies, and governments routinely place a price on human life. The calculations that underlie these price tags are often buried in technical language, yet they influence our economy, laws, behaviors, policies, health, and safety. These price tags are often unfair, infused as they are with gender, racial, national, and cultural biases that often result in valuing the lives of the young more than the old, the rich more than the poor, whites more than blacks, Americans more than foreigners, and relatives more than strangers. This is critical since undervalued lives are left less-protected and more exposed to risk. Howard Steven Friedman explains in simple terms how economists and data scientists at corporations, regulatory agencies, and insurance companies develop and use these price tags and points a spotlight at their logical flaws and limitations. He then forcefully argues against the rampant unfairness in the system. Readers will be enlightened, shocked, and, ultimately, empowered to confront the price tags we assign to human lives and understand why such calculations matter.
Author : Sam Goldstein
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 038777579X
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (877 download)
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development written by Sam Goldstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference work breaks new ground as an electronic resource. Utterly comprehensive, it serves as a repository of knowledge in the field as well as a frequently updated conduit of new material long before it finds its way into standard textbooks.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Reform. Subcommittee on Energy Policy, Natural Resources, and Regulatory Affairs
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)
Download or read book How to Improve Regulatory Accounting written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Reform. Subcommittee on Energy Policy, Natural Resources, and Regulatory Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : I. Glenn Cohen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190217502
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Identified versus Statistical Lives written by I. Glenn Cohen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-09 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The identified lives effect describes the fact that people demonstrate a stronger inclination to assist persons and groups identified as at high risk of great harm than those who will or already suffer similar harm, but endure unidentified. As a result of this effect, we allocate resources reactively rather than proactively, prioritizing treatment over prevention. For example, during the August 2010 gold mine cave-in in Chile, where ten to twenty million dollars was spent by the Chilean government to rescue the 33 miners trapped underground. Rather than address the many, more cost effective mine safety measures that should have been implemented, the Chilean government and international donors concentrated efforts in large-scale missions that concerned only the specific group. Such bias as illustrated through this incident raises practical and ethical questions that extend to almost every aspect of human life and politics. What can social and cognitive sciences teach us about the origin and triggers of the effect? Philosophically and ethically, is the effect a "bias" to be eliminated or is it morally justified? What implications does the effect have for health care, law, the environment and other practice domains? This volume is the first to take an interdisciplinary approach toward answering this issue of identified versus statistical lives by considering a variety of perspectives from psychology, public health, law, ethics, and public policy.
Author : Gregory Jude Madden
Publisher : Amer Psychological Assn
ISBN 13 : 9781433804779
Total Pages : 453 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)
Download or read book Impulsivity written by Gregory Jude Madden and published by Amer Psychological Assn. This book was released on 2010 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Impulsivity explores the basis for the seemingly universal tendency to devalue rewards or punishments that are not immediately available. When confronted with any number of modern impulsive behaviorssuch as drug use, pathological gambling, marital infidelity, and gluttonyindividuals have a choice with two outcomes: an immediate benefit, such as getting high, or a delayed or probabilistic benefit, such as health, money saved, or the satisfaction of a good life. This volume is an approachable, comprehensive overview of the behavioral science and neuroscience of these impulsive choices and their relation to delay discounting--the tendency to devalue temporally distant rewards or punishments, even though they may greatly outbalance the immediate benefit of our choices. The cutting-edge researchers who contributed to this volume have documented cross-species similarities in impulsive decision making and pioneered the neuroscience of impulsive choice. In this text they provide insights into harmless impulsive acts as well as those that dominate and destroy lives. The contributors tackle key issues such as whether impulsivity and risk taking are a trait or state; the neuroscience, neuroeconomics, and computational modeling of neural systems underlying impulsivity; and the relation between impulsivity and addictions, health decision making, altruism, and attention-deficit disorder. Theoretical debates regarding the origins of impulsivity round out this text, which will be of interest to researchers and graduate students in psychology, behavioral economics, psychopharmacology, behavioral analysis and therapy, and the science of decision making.
