Directed Induced Technological Change

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Directed Induced Technological Change

Author : Florian Brugger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Directed Induced Technological Change by : Florian Brugger

Download or read book Directed Induced Technological Change written by Florian Brugger and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How technological change affects wages, employment and the income distribution are core topics in economics since the very beginnings of modern economic research. Who are the winners and losers of innovations? Is technological progress always to the advantage of some groups and to the disadvantage of others, hence has progress naturally a certain direction? Those are central questions of recurrent debates on the social impact of innovations. In addition, the question was raised what causes technological change to take a certain direction? In the history of economic thought, various 'economic and 'social variables were considered to direct technological change towards one or another production factor.Looking at the long history of economic thought on induced directed technological change, we find waves of intensive discussion and periods of little progress. It turns out that novel empirical findings, on income distribution, wage dispersion and unemployment, induced most discussions. Findings 'alarming the society and contradicting the economic orthodoxy were usually the starting points of intensive debates. The main aim of this dissertation is to analyze classical and neoclassical contributions on induced, directed technological change and how empirical findings caused, intensified and shaped debates. In the first paper we analyze classical authors views on directed technological change and contrast those theories with more recent empirical findings for the time. The second paper studies neoclassical contributions on induced, directed technological change from the beginning of neoclassical thought to recent discussions. It highlights how empirical findings caused waves of contributions and how those debates influenced the neoclassical theory. The last paper contributes to the recent discussion on how computerization influences European labor markets. It shows empirically similarities and differences of several European labor market developments.

Localized and Biased Technologies

Author : Daron Acemoglu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (878 download)

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Book Synopsis Localized and Biased Technologies by : Daron Acemoglu

Download or read book Localized and Biased Technologies written by Daron Acemoglu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper revisits the important ideas proposed by Atkinson and Stiglitz's seminal 1969 paper on technological change. After linking these ideas to the induced innovation literature of the 1960s and the more recent directed technological change literature, it explains how these three complementary but different approaches are useful in the study of a range of current research areas though they may also yield different answers to important questions. It concludes by highlighting several important areas where these ideas can be fruitfully applied in future work. Keywords: Biased technological change, directed technological change, localized technological change, innovation, skill-biased technological change, technology. JEL Classification: E25, J31, O30, O31, O33.

Knowledge, Information, and Expectations in Modern Macroeconomics

Author : Philippe Aghion
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780691094854
Total Pages : 596 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (948 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge, Information, and Expectations in Modern Macroeconomics by : Philippe Aghion

Download or read book Knowledge, Information, and Expectations in Modern Macroeconomics written by Philippe Aghion and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2003-01-26 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assembling some of the leading figures in the field of macroeconomics, this text highlights the continuing influence of the ideas of Edmund Phelps since the early 1960s. The contributions address many of the most important current areas of macroeconomic research in 2003.

Technological Change and the Environment

Author : Arnulf Grübler
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136522913
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis Technological Change and the Environment by : Arnulf Grübler

Download or read book Technological Change and the Environment written by Arnulf Grübler and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-09-30 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much is written in the popular literature about the current pace of technological change. But do we have enough scientific knowledge about the sources and management of innovation to properly inform policymaking in technology dependent domains such as energy and the environment? While it is agreed that technological change does not 'fall from heaven like autumn leaves,' the theory, data, and models are deficient. The specific mechanisms that govern the rate and direction of inventive activity, the drivers and scope for incremental improvements that occur during technology diffusion, and the spillover effects that cross-fertilize technological innovations remain poorly understood. In a work that will interest serious readers of history, policy, and economics, the editors and their distinguished contributors offer a unique, single volume overview of the theoretical and empirical work on technological change. Beginning with a survey of existing research, they provide analysis and case studies in contexts such as medicine, agriculture, and power generation, paying particular attention to what technological change means for efficiency, productivity, and reduced environmental impacts. The book includes a historical analysis of technological change, an examination of the overall direction of technological change, and general theories about the sources of change. The contributors empirically test hypotheses of induced innovation and theories of institutional innovation. They propose ways to model induced technological change and evaluate its impact, and they consider issues such as uncertainty in technology returns, technology crossover effects, and clustering. A copublication o Resources for the Future (RFF) and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA).

Localized and Biased Technologies

Author : Pablo Acero Iglesias
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Localized and Biased Technologies by : Pablo Acero Iglesias

Download or read book Localized and Biased Technologies written by Pablo Acero Iglesias and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Localised Technological Change

Author : Cristiano Antonelli
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134091176
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Localised Technological Change by : Cristiano Antonelli

Download or read book Localised Technological Change written by Cristiano Antonelli and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-01-31 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The extent to which firms can react creatively to rather than adjust passively against new techniques and practices is dependent on their command of technological knowledge and relative competence. This book explores the characteristics of the path dependent dynamics of localized technological change, demonstrating how the economics of complexity c

Growing Income Inequalities

Author : J. Hellier
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137283300
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (372 download)

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Book Synopsis Growing Income Inequalities by : J. Hellier

Download or read book Growing Income Inequalities written by J. Hellier and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-11-13 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the widening gap between the wage packets of skilled and unskilled workers that has become a pressing issue for all states in the globalized world economy. Comparing the experiences of more and less developed economies, chapters analyse the underlying causes and key social changes that accompany income inequality.

Technological Change and the Environment

Author : Arnulf Grübler
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136522905
Total Pages : 463 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis Technological Change and the Environment by : Arnulf Grübler

Download or read book Technological Change and the Environment written by Arnulf Grübler and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-09-30 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much is written in the popular literature about the current pace of technological change. But do we have enough scientific knowledge about the sources and management of innovation to properly inform policymaking in technology dependent domains such as energy and the environment? While it is agreed that technological change does not 'fall from heaven like autumn leaves,' the theory, data, and models are deficient. The specific mechanisms that govern the rate and direction of inventive activity, the drivers and scope for incremental improvements that occur during technology diffusion, and the spillover effects that cross-fertilize technological innovations remain poorly understood. In a work that will interest serious readers of history, policy, and economics, the editors and their distinguished contributors offer a unique, single volume overview of the theoretical and empirical work on technological change. Beginning with a survey of existing research, they provide analysis and case studies in contexts such as medicine, agriculture, and power generation, paying particular attention to what technological change means for efficiency, productivity, and reduced environmental impacts. The book includes a historical analysis of technological change, an examination of the overall direction of technological change, and general theories about the sources of change. The contributors empirically test hypotheses of induced innovation and theories of institutional innovation. They propose ways to model induced technological change and evaluate its impact, and they consider issues such as uncertainty in technology returns, technology crossover effects, and clustering. A copublication o Resources for the Future (RFF) and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA).

Induced Technical and Institutional Change Evaluation and Reassessment

Author : Yūjirō Hayami
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Induced Technical and Institutional Change Evaluation and Reassessment by : Yūjirō Hayami

Download or read book Induced Technical and Institutional Change Evaluation and Reassessment written by Yūjirō Hayami and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Encyclopedia of Energy, Natural Resource, and Environmental Economics

Author :
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0080964524
Total Pages : 1056 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Energy, Natural Resource, and Environmental Economics by :

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Energy, Natural Resource, and Environmental Economics written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-03-29 with total page 1056 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every decision about energy involves its price and cost. The price of gasoline and the cost of buying from foreign producers; the price of nuclear and hydroelectricity and the costs to our ecosystems; the price of electricity from coal-fired plants and the cost to the atmosphere. Giving life to inventions, lifestyle changes, geopolitical shifts, and things in-between, energy economics is of high interest to Academia, Corporations and Governments. For economists, energy economics is one of three subdisciplines which, taken together, compose an economic approach to the exploitation and preservation of natural resources: energy economics, which focuses on energy-related subjects such as renewable energy, hydropower, nuclear power, and the political economy of energy resource economics, which covers subjects in land and water use, such as mining, fisheries, agriculture, and forests environmental economics, which takes a broader view of natural resources through economic concepts such as risk, valuation, regulation, and distribution Although the three are closely related, they are not often presented as an integrated whole. This Encyclopedia has done just that by unifying these fields into a high-quality and unique overview. The only reference work that codifies the relationships among the three subdisciplines: energy economics, resource economics and environmental economics. Understanding these relationships just became simpler! Nobel Prize Winning Editor-in-Chief (joint recipient 2007 Peace Prize), Jason Shogren, has demonstrated excellent team work again, by coordinating and steering his Editorial Board to produce a cohesive work that guides the user seamlessly through the diverse topics This work contains in equal parts information from and about business, academic, and government perspectives and is intended to serve as a tool for unifying and systematizing research and analysis in business, universities, and government

Directed Technological Change

Author : Shiyuan Pan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Directed Technological Change by : Shiyuan Pan

Download or read book Directed Technological Change written by Shiyuan Pan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We develop a knowledge-based endogenous growth model to address the issue of directed technological change, in which skilled workers are used both in innovation and consumer goods production. Using the model, we investigate how the direction of technological change influences scale effect and wage inequality. In addition, we examine the impact of trade in intermediate goods on skill premia and economic growth. Since skill-biased technological change may lead to a decrease in the average productivity in R&D sectors, scale effect is removed. Hence, the two facts, accelerated skill-biased technological change and the absence of scale effect, can be jointly accounted for in a unified framework. Free trade in intermediate goods increases the demand for skilled workers in the production of the skill-intensive good, thus inducing skill-biased technological change through the market size effect and an increase in skill premia. Skill-biased technological change has opposite effects on economic growth, therefore open trade stimulates economic growth in some circumstances, and hurts it in other circumstances.

Productivity and Technical Change

Author : W. E. G. Salter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (66 download)

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Book Synopsis Productivity and Technical Change by : W. E. G. Salter

Download or read book Productivity and Technical Change written by W. E. G. Salter and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Introduction to Modern Economic Growth

Author : Daron Acemoglu
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400835771
Total Pages : 1009 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Modern Economic Growth by : Daron Acemoglu

Download or read book Introduction to Modern Economic Growth written by Daron Acemoglu and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2008-12-15 with total page 1009 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Modern Economic Growth is a groundbreaking text from one of today's leading economists. Daron Acemoglu gives graduate students not only the tools to analyze growth and related macroeconomic problems, but also the broad perspective needed to apply those tools to the big-picture questions of growth and divergence. And he introduces the economic and mathematical foundations of modern growth theory and macroeconomics in a rigorous but easy to follow manner. After covering the necessary background on dynamic general equilibrium and dynamic optimization, the book presents the basic workhorse models of growth and takes students to the frontier areas of growth theory, including models of human capital, endogenous technological change, technology transfer, international trade, economic development, and political economy. The book integrates these theories with data and shows how theoretical approaches can lead to better perspectives on the fundamental causes of economic growth and the wealth of nations. Innovative and authoritative, this book is likely to shape how economic growth is taught and learned for years to come. Introduces all the foundations for understanding economic growth and dynamic macroeconomic analysis Focuses on the big-picture questions of economic growth Provides mathematical foundations Presents dynamic general equilibrium Covers models such as basic Solow, neoclassical growth, and overlapping generations, as well as models of endogenous technology and international linkages Addresses frontier research areas such as international linkages, international trade, political economy, and economic development and structural change An accompanying Student Solutions Manual containing the answers to selected exercises is available (978-0-691-14163-3/$24.95). See: http://press.princeton.edu/titles/8970.html. For Professors only: To access a complete solutions manual online, email us at: [email protected]

Handbook of Innovation and Regulation

Author : Pontus Braunerhjelm
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1800884478
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Innovation and Regulation by : Pontus Braunerhjelm

Download or read book Handbook of Innovation and Regulation written by Pontus Braunerhjelm and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2023-12-11 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive Handbook presents thoughtful analysis on how regulations can impact innovation within a number of regulatory fields and markets, and provides a greater understanding of regulatory complexity and the challenging task it presents for future research.

The Dynamics of Knowledge Externalities

Author : Cristiano Antonelli
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857930826
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (579 download)

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Book Synopsis The Dynamics of Knowledge Externalities by : Cristiano Antonelli

Download or read book The Dynamics of Knowledge Externalities written by Cristiano Antonelli and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book elaborates a new path dependent and localized growth theory based upon knowledge externalities by making two important contributions. Firstly, it elaborates the hypothesis that total factor productivity growth stems from pecuniary knowledge externalities that consist in the access to localized external knowledge, at costs that are below equilibrium levels. Secondly, it implements the economic analysis of complex dynamic systems with a novel approach to understanding the role of knowledge interactions and knowledge governance mechanisms in the generation of new technological knowledge within economic systems characterized by webs of interdependence.

Directed Technical Change

Author : Daron Acemoglu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (248 download)

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Book Synopsis Directed Technical Change by : Daron Acemoglu

Download or read book Directed Technical Change written by Daron Acemoglu and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many problems in macroeconomics, development economics, labor economics, and international trade, whether technical change is biased towards particular factors is of central importance. This paper develops a simple framework to analyze the forces that shape these biases. There are two major forces affecting equilibrium bias: the price effect and the market size effect. While the former encourages innovations directed at scarce factors, the latter leads to technical change favoring abundant factors. The elasticity of substitution between different factors regulates how powerful these effects are, and this has implications about how technical change and factor prices respond to changes in relative supplies. If the elasticity of substitution is sufficiently large, the long-run relative demand for a factor can slope up. I apply this framework to discuss a range of issues including: Why technical change over the past 60 years was skill-biased, and why the skill bias may have accelerated over the past twenty-five years. Why new technologies introduced during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries were unskill-biased. Why biased technical change may increase the income gap between rich and poor countries. Why international trade may induce skill-biased technical change. Why a large wage-push, as in continental Europe during the 1970s, may cause capital-biased technical change. Why technical change may be generally labor-augmenting rather than capital-augmenting

Technology and Global Change

Author : Arnulf Grübler
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521543323
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (433 download)

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Book Synopsis Technology and Global Change by : Arnulf Grübler

Download or read book Technology and Global Change written by Arnulf Grübler and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-10-16 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to comprehensibly describe how technology has shaped society and the environment over the last 200 years. It will be useful for researchers, as a textbook for graduate students, for people engaged in long-term policy planning in industry and government, for environmental activists, and for the wider public interested in history, technology, or environmental issues.