Le développement des compétences en Afrique subsaharienne, un exercice d'équilibre

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464815763
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Le développement des compétences en Afrique subsaharienne, un exercice d'équilibre by : Omar Arias

Download or read book Le développement des compétences en Afrique subsaharienne, un exercice d'équilibre written by Omar Arias and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malgré la forte croissance économique que l’Afrique subsaharienne a connue ces vingt dernières années, les niveaux de transformation économique, de réduction de la pauvreté et de développement des compétences dans cette partie du monde sont bien inférieurs à ceux des autres régions. Des investissements judicieux dans le développement des compétences, en accord avec les objectifs politiques de croissance de la productivité, d’inclusion et d’adaptabilité, peuvent aider à accélérer la transformation économique de la région subsaharienne au XXIe siècle. L’augmentation de la population en âge de travailler en Afrique subsaharienne constitue une réelle chance d’accroître la prospérité collective. Les pays de la région ont investi massivement dans le développement des compétences†‰; les dépenses publiques consacrées à l’éducation ont été multipliées par sept au cours des 30 dernières années, et le nombre d’enfants scolarisés est aujourd’hui plus élevé que jamais. Pourtant, les systèmes d’éducation de cette population n’ont pas donné les résultats escomptés, et ces insuffisances entravent considérablement les perspectives économiques. Dans la moitié des pays, moins de deux enfants sur trois terminent l’école primaire, et encore moins atteignent des niveaux supérieurs d’enseignement et obtiennent un diplôme. Les acquis d’apprentissage demeurent faibles, ce qui entraîne des lacunes dans les compétences cognitives de base telles que la lecture, l’écriture et le calcul, aussi bien chez les enfants, les jeunes que les adultes. Le taux d’alphabétisation de la population adulte est inférieur à 50 % dans de nombreux pays†‰; la part des adultes sachant lire, écrire et compter de manière fonctionnelle est encore plus faible. Une réforme du système est nécessaire pour réaliser des progrès significatifs. De multiples agences aux niveaux national et local sont impliquées dans les stratégies de développement des compétences, faisant des compétences «†‰le problème de tous, mais la responsabilité de personne†‰». Les politiques et les réformes doivent permettre de renforcer les capacités des politiques qui ont fait leurs preuves et d’instaurer des mesures incitatives visant à faire converger le comportement de tous les acteurs dans la poursuite des objectifs de développement des compétences au niveau national. Le développement des compétences en Afrique subsaharienne, un exercice d’équilibre. Investir dans les compétences pour la productivité, l’inclusion et l’adaptabilité présente des données qui éclaireront les choix stratégiques des pays en matière d’investissements dans les compétences. Chaque chapitre aborde un ensemble de questions spécifiques, en s’appuyant sur une analyse originale et sur une synthèse des travaux existants pour explorer les domaines principaux : • comment les compétences appropriées à chaque étape du cycle de vie sont-elles acquises et quelles défaillances du marché et des institutions affectent le développement des compétences†‰; • quels systèmes sont nécessaires pour que les individus aient accès à ces compétences, notamment les investissements consentis par les familles, les institutions du secteur privé, les écoles et autres programmes publics†‰; • comment ces systèmes peuvent-ils être renforcés†‰; • comment les personnes les plus vulnérables, à savoir celles qui ne font pas partie des systèmes standards et qui n’ont pas réussi à acquérir des compétences essentielles, peuvent-elles être soutenues. Les pays de la région seront souvent confrontés à des arbitrages difficiles qui auront des effets distributifs et influeront sur leur trajectoire de développement. Des dirigeants engagés, des efforts conjoints de réforme et des politiques bien coordonnées sont essentiels pour aborder le délicat exercice d’équilibre que représente le développement des compétences en Afrique subsaharienne.

PASCAL.

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 712 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis PASCAL. by :

Download or read book PASCAL. written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Order of Books

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Author :
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780804722674
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (226 download)

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Book Synopsis The Order of Books by : Roger Chartier

Download or read book The Order of Books written by Roger Chartier and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Order of Books, Chartier examines the different systems required to regulate the world of writing through the centuries, from the registration of titles to the classification of works.

Teaching Language as Communication

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780194370776
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Teaching Language as Communication by : H. G. Widdowson

Download or read book Teaching Language as Communication written by H. G. Widdowson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1978-06-22 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series attracts single or co-authored volumes from authors researching at the cutting edge of this dynamic field of interdisciplinary enquiry. The titles range from books that make such developments accessible to the non-specialist reader to those which explore in depth their relevance for the way language is to be conceived as a subject, and how courses and classroom activities are to be designed. As such, these books not only extend the field of applied linguistics itself and lend an additional significance to its enquiries, but also provide an indispensable professional foundation for language pedagogy and its practice. The scope of the series includes: second language acquisition bilingualism and multi/plurilingualism language pedagogy and teacher education testing and assessment language planning and policy language internationalization technology-mediated communication discourse-, conversation-, and contrastive-analysis pragmatics stylistics lexicography translation

Ethnography, Linguistics, Narrative Inequality

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Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1135745668
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (357 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethnography, Linguistics, Narrative Inequality by : Dell Hymes

Download or read book Ethnography, Linguistics, Narrative Inequality written by Dell Hymes and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of work addresses the contribution that ethnography and linguistics make to education, and the contribution that research in education makes to anthropology and linguistics.; The first section of the book pinpoints characteristics of anthropology that most make a difference to research in education. The second section describes the perspective that is needed if the study of language is to contribute adequately to problems of education and inequality. Finally, the third section takes up discoveries about narrative, which show that young people's narratives may have a depth of form and skill that has gone largely unrecognized.

Journal of Speech-language Pathology and Audiology

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 668 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Journal of Speech-language Pathology and Audiology by :

Download or read book Journal of Speech-language Pathology and Audiology written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

PROMOTION DE LA SANTE ET AUTONOMISATION DANS LE CONTEXTE AFRICAIN

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Publisher : Lulu.com
ISBN 13 : 1291761152
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (917 download)

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Book Synopsis PROMOTION DE LA SANTE ET AUTONOMISATION DANS LE CONTEXTE AFRICAIN by : David HouŽto

Download or read book PROMOTION DE LA SANTE ET AUTONOMISATION DANS LE CONTEXTE AFRICAIN written by David HouŽto and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2014-02-26 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le terme promotion de la santé en Afrique, près de 30 ans après l'adoption de la Charte d'Ottawa, continue d'avoir des connotations complètement hors du sens que lui confère cette charte. Cela n'est pas étonnant quand on sait que la notion de santé dans ce contexte africain équivaut à la lutte contre la maladie à travers les soins de santé dispensés par des professionnels de la santé dans des formations sanitaires et les hôpitaux. L'évolution que connait le continent depuis quelques décennies est de donner un peu plus de place à la communauté à travers les relais communautaires dans une participation communautaire vidée de son contenu, car le pouvoir n'est jamais passé entre les mains des communautés.C'est au vu de tout ceci que le présent ouvrage à sa raison d'être pour expliquer les fondements de l'autonomisation communautaire et de la promotion de la santé avec leur importance pour la région africaine en proie aux mauvais indicateurs de santé comparativement aux autres régions du monde.

PASCAL explore

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 992 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis PASCAL explore by :

Download or read book PASCAL explore written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Studies in Turkish as a Heritage Language

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Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027260508
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Studies in Turkish as a Heritage Language by : Fatih Bayram

Download or read book Studies in Turkish as a Heritage Language written by Fatih Bayram and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2020-11-15 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heritage language bilingualism refers to contexts where a minority language spoken at home is (one of) the first native language(s) of an individual who grows up and typically becomes dominant in the societal majority language. Heritage language bilinguals often wind up with grammatical systems that differ in interesting ways from dominant-native speakers growing up where their heritage language is the majority one. Understanding the trajectories and outcomes of heritage language bilingual grammatical competence, performance, language usage patterns, identities and more related topics sits at the core of many research programs across a wide array of theoretical paradigms. The study of heritage language bilingualism has grown exponentially over the past two decades. This expansion in interest has seen, in parallel, extensions in methodologies applied, bridges built between closely related fields such as the study of language contact and linguistic attrition. As is typical in linguistics, not all languages are studied to the same degree. The present volume showcases what Turkish as a heritage language brings to bear for key questions in the study of heritage language bilingualism and beyond. In many ways, Turkish is an ideal language to be studied because of its large diaspora across the world, in particular Europe. The papers in this volume are diverse: from psycholinguistic, to ethnographic, to classroom-based studies featuring Turkish as a heritage language. Together they equal more than their subparts, leading to the conclusion that understudied heritage languages like Turkish provide missing pieces to the puzzle of understanding the variables that give rise to the continuum of outcomes characteristic of heritage language speakers.

Pragmatic Development in First Language Acquisition

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Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027270449
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Pragmatic Development in First Language Acquisition by : Danielle Matthews

Download or read book Pragmatic Development in First Language Acquisition written by Danielle Matthews and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2014-06-15 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pragmatic development is increasingly seen as the foundation stone of language acquisition more generally. From very early on, children demonstrate a strong desire to understand and be understood that motivates the acquisition of lexicon and grammar and enables ever more effective communication. In the 35 years since the first edited volume on the topic, a flourishing literature has reported on the broad set of skills that can be called pragmatic. This volume aims to bring that literature together in a digestible format. It provides a series of succinct review chapters on 19 key topics ranging from preverbal skills right up to irony and argumentative discourse. Each chapter equips the reader with an overview of current theories, key empirical findings and questions for new research. This valuable resource will be of interest to scholars of psychology, linguistics, speech therapy, and cognitive science.

Free and Fair Elections

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Publisher : Inter-Parliamentary Union
ISBN 13 : 9291422770
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (914 download)

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Book Synopsis Free and Fair Elections by : Guy S. Goodwin-Gill

Download or read book Free and Fair Elections written by Guy S. Goodwin-Gill and published by Inter-Parliamentary Union. This book was released on 2006 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Second Language Acquisition Abroad

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Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027241864
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Second Language Acquisition Abroad by : Lynne Hansen

Download or read book Second Language Acquisition Abroad written by Lynne Hansen and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together for the first time a collection of studies devoted to missionary language learning and retention. Introductory chapters provide historical perspectives on this population and on language teaching philosophy and practice in the LDS tradition. The empirical studies which follow are divided into two sections, the first examining mission language acquisition by English-speaking missionaries abroad, the second focusing on post-mission language attrition. These chapters by internationally known scholars offer cutting-edge research using a number of different target languages in addressing various issues in second language development. Finally, a comprehensive bibliography of sources on mission languages is included. The readership of this pioneering work is expected to extend beyond specialists in study abroad and missionary language training to a broader audience of applied linguists, educators, and students interested in language acquisition and attrition. In addition, the book offers useful insights to adults who want to maintain a second language.

Input and Interaction in Language Acquisition

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521437257
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (372 download)

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Book Synopsis Input and Interaction in Language Acquisition by : Clare Gallaway

Download or read book Input and Interaction in Language Acquisition written by Clare Gallaway and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-04-14 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language addressed to children, or 'Baby Talk', became the subject of research interest thirty years ago. Since then, the linguistic environment of infants and toddlers has been widely studied. Input and Interaction in Language Acquisition is an up-to-date statement of the facts and controversies surrounding 'Baby Talk', its nature and likely effects. With contributions from leading linguists and psychologists, it explores language acquisition in different cultures and family contexts, in typical and atypical learners, and in second and foreign language learners. It is designed as a sequel to the now famous Talking to Children, edited by Catherine Snow and Charles Ferguson, and Professor Snow here provides an introduction, comparing issues of importance in the field today with the previous concerns of researchers.

Aspects of Multilingualism in European Border Regions

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Publisher : Accademia Europea di Bolzano
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Aspects of Multilingualism in European Border Regions by : Andrea Abel

Download or read book Aspects of Multilingualism in European Border Regions written by Andrea Abel and published by Accademia Europea di Bolzano. This book was released on 2007 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Science and Empires

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401125945
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Empires by : P. Petitjean

Download or read book Science and Empires written by P. Petitjean and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SCIENCE AND EMPIRES: FROM THE INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM TO THE BOOK Patrick PETITJEAN, Catherine JAMI and Anne Marie MOULIN The International Colloquium "Science and Empires - Historical Studies about Scientific De velopment and European Expansion" is the product of an International Colloquium, "Sciences and Empires - A Comparative History of Scien tific Exchanges: European Expansion and Scientific Development in Asian, African, American and Oceanian Countries". Organized by the REHSEIS group (Research on Epistemology and History of Exact Sciences and Scientific Institutions) of CNRS (National Center for Scientific Research), the colloquium was held from 3 to 6 April 1990 in the UNESCO building in Paris. This colloquium was an idea of Professor Roshdi Rashed who initiated this field of studies in France some years ago, and proposed "Sciences and Empires" as one of the main research programmes for the The project to organize such a colloquium was a bit REHSEIS group. of a gamble. Its subject, reflected in the title "Sciences and Empires", is not a currently-accepted sub-discipline of the history of science; rather, it refers to a set of questions which found autonomy only recently. The terminology was strongly debated by the participants and, as is frequently suggested in this book, awaits fuller clarification.

The Vietnamese City in Transition

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Publisher : Institute of Southeast Asian
ISBN 13 : 9812308253
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (123 download)

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Book Synopsis The Vietnamese City in Transition by : Patrick Gubry

Download or read book The Vietnamese City in Transition written by Patrick Gubry and published by Institute of Southeast Asian. This book was released on 2010 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the Doi Moi policy of economic renovation was introduced in 1986, Vietnam has undergone deep transformations as a result of the transition to a socialist-oriented market economy. Social and urban transition has taken place in parallel, as urban dynamics were spurred on by Vietnamese public and private stakeholders, and by external agents such as international organizations and international solidarity organizations, experts, consultants and bilateral aid organizations.Here are the results of research carried out by French, Canadian and Vietnamese teams from the north and south of the country on the overarching theme of Vietnamese cities in transition. Some of this research deals with urban dynamics, some with the issues at stake within such dynamics, or with the strategies of the most significant stakeholders in urban transition: civil society, donors within the framework of official aid for development, consultants and international consultancy firms. These projects were carried out between 2001 and 2004 as part of the Urban Research Programme for Development (PRUD), and mainly focus on Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, or both in the case of comparative studies.Is there such a thing as a Vietnamese model of an Asian city? It seems that urban transition in Vietnam is not taking place in as radical and abrupt a manner as in China. The country's capacity for absorbing external models, the quest for a third way between state intervention and economic liberalism, and the fact that the country's architectural heritage is taken into account in urban planning, are just some of the reasons for its particularity. The issues addressed in each chapter, as well as the proposals for further research suggested by the contributors, should act as a catalyst for urban research in Vietnam.

Disaster risk reduction in school curricula: case studies from thirty countries

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Author :
Publisher : UNESCO
ISBN 13 : 9230010871
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Disaster risk reduction in school curricula: case studies from thirty countries by :

Download or read book Disaster risk reduction in school curricula: case studies from thirty countries written by and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2012 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: