Developmental Plasticity Of Inhibitory Circuitry

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Developmental Plasticity of Inhibitory Circuitry

Author : Sarah L. Pallas
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1441912436
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis Developmental Plasticity of Inhibitory Circuitry by : Sarah L. Pallas

Download or read book Developmental Plasticity of Inhibitory Circuitry written by Sarah L. Pallas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-12-09 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroscience has long been focused on understanding neural plasticity in both development and adulthood. Experimental work in this area has focused almost entirely on plasticity at excitatory synapses. A growing body of evidence suggests that plasticity at inhibitory GABAergic and glycinergic synapses is of critical importance during both development and aging. The book brings together the work of researchers investigating inhibitory plasticity at many levels of analysis and in several different preparations. This topic is of wide relevance across a number of different areas of research in neuroscience and neurology. Medical problems such as epilepsy, mental illness, drug abuse, and movement disorders can result from malfunctioning inhibitory circuits. Further, the maturation of inhibitory circuits may trigger the onset of critical periods of neural circuit plasticity, raising the possibility that such plastici periods could be reactivated for medical benefit by manipulating inhibitory circuitry.

Developmental Plasticity of Inhibitory Circuitry

Author : Sarah L. Pallas
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781441912565
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis Developmental Plasticity of Inhibitory Circuitry by : Sarah L. Pallas

Download or read book Developmental Plasticity of Inhibitory Circuitry written by Sarah L. Pallas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Inhibitory Synaptic Plasticity

Author : Melanie A. Woodin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441969780
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis Inhibitory Synaptic Plasticity by : Melanie A. Woodin

Download or read book Inhibitory Synaptic Plasticity written by Melanie A. Woodin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-02 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume will explore the most recent findings on cellular mechanisms of inhibitory plasticity and its functional role in shaping neuronal circuits, their rewiring in response to experience, drug addiction and in neuropathology. Inhibitory Synaptic Plasticity will be of particular interest to neuroscientists and neurophysiologists.

Inhibitory Function in Auditory Processing

Author : R. Michael Burger
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889196674
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Inhibitory Function in Auditory Processing by : R. Michael Burger

Download or read book Inhibitory Function in Auditory Processing written by R. Michael Burger and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-10-28 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There seems little doubt that from the earliest evolutionary beginnings, inhibition has been a fundamental feature of neuronal circuits - even the simplest life forms sense and interact with their environment, orienting or approaching positive stimuli while avoiding aversive stimuli. This requires internal signals that both drive and suppress behavior. Traditional descriptions of inhibition sometimes limit its role to the suppression of action potential generation. This view fails to capture the vast breadth of inhibitory function now known to exist in neural circuits. A modern perspective on inhibitory signaling comprises a multitude of mechanisms. For example, inhibition can act via a shunting mechanism to speed the membrane time constant and reduce synaptic integration time. It can act via G-protein coupled receptors to initiate second messenger cascades that influence synaptic strength. Inhibition contributes to rhythm generation and can even activate ion channels that mediate inward currents to drive action potential generation. Inhibition also appears to play a role in shaping the properties of neural circuitry over longer time scales. Experience-dependent synaptic plasticity in developing and mature neural circuits underlies behavioral memory and has been intensively studied over the past decade. At excitatory synapses, adjustments of synaptic efficacy are regulated predominantly by changes in the number and function of postsynaptic glutamate receptors. There is, however, increasing evidence for inhibitory modulation of target neuron excitability playing key roles in experience-dependent plasticity. One reason for our limited knowledge about plasticity at inhibitory synapses is that in most circuits, neurons receive convergent inputs from disparate sources. This problem can be overcome by investigating inhibitory circuits in a system with well-defined inhibitory nuclei and projections, each with a known computational function. Compared to other sensory systems, the auditory system has evolved a large number of subthalamic nuclei each devoted to processing distinct features of sound stimuli. This information once extracted is then re-assembled to form the percept the acoustic world around us. The well-understood function of many of these auditory nuclei has enhanced our understanding of inhibition's role in shaping their responses from easily distinguished inhibitory inputs. In particular, neurons devoted to processing the location of sound sources receive a complement of discrete inputs for which in vivo activity and function are well understood. Investigation of these areas has led to significant advances in understanding the development, physiology, and mechanistic underpinnings of inhibition that apply broadly to neuroscience. In this series of papers, we provide an authoritative resource for those interested in exploring the variety of inhibitory circuits and their function in auditory processing. We present original research and focused reviews touching on development, plasticity, anatomy, and evolution of inhibitory circuitry. We hope our readers will find these papers valuable and inspirational to their own research endeavors.

Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury

Author : Daniel Laskowitz
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1498766579
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury by : Daniel Laskowitz

Download or read book Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury written by Daniel Laskowitz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the developme

A Novel Critical Period for Inhibitory Plasticity in Rat Somatosensory Cortex

Author : Renna J. Stevens
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781124406831
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis A Novel Critical Period for Inhibitory Plasticity in Rat Somatosensory Cortex by : Renna J. Stevens

Download or read book A Novel Critical Period for Inhibitory Plasticity in Rat Somatosensory Cortex written by Renna J. Stevens and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cerebral cortex encodes sensory information with astonishing precision, but it is also confronted with the impressive task of reworking and rewiring its physiology in the face of a changing environment. Hubel and Weisel first characterized the impact of sensory deprivation on the development of cortical response properties, but there is still much we do not know about which forms of cortical plasticity are induced with sensory deprivation, as well as which cell types and synapses mediate plasticity. While traditional models of cortical plasticity proposed Hebbian ("use it or lose it") rules in excitatory circuits as the primary substrate for cortical plasticity, recent advances to the classical model include an important role for non-Hebbian forms of plasticity, and show that inhibitory circuits are a major site of sensory plasticity. A precisely regulated balance between cortical excitation and inhibition is crucial for sensory processing and plasticity, but our understanding of inhibitory synapse development is lacking. Here we investigate the impact of sensory experience on the development and function of inhibitory synapses in rat primary somatosensory cortex. I deprived the D-row of rat whiskers (beginning on the 7th postnatal day, P7) in order to probe how experience guides inhibitory synapse development. I found that deprivation reduced inhibitory currents at P15 in layer (L) 4 and at P21 in L2/3. Evoked inhibition was also reduced at P15 in L4. This reduction in inhibition constitutes a homeostatic form of plasticity, as it would ultimately increase excitatory activity in response to sensory deprivation. Surprisingly, inhibitory currents recovered to control (spared) levels after this one-day period. Our findings demonstrate that the development of inhibitory signaling in S1 during the first postnatal month occurs in a largely experience-independent fashion, but that sensory deprivation during this period causes a delayed and transient reduction in the efficacy of inhibitory signaling. Our results also reveal that these transient changes in mIPSC amplitude and frequency can be dissociated, meaning that they are mechanistically independent. These results add to the growing body of evidence that inhibitory circuits undergo homeostatic plasticity in response to sensory use and disuse in primary sensory cortex.

Cognitive Plasticity in Neurologic Disorders

Author : Joseph I. Tracy
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199965242
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognitive Plasticity in Neurologic Disorders by : Joseph I. Tracy

Download or read book Cognitive Plasticity in Neurologic Disorders written by Joseph I. Tracy and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014-12-02 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume makes clear that the cognitive and behavioural symptoms of neurologic disorders and syndromes are dynamic and changing. Each chapter describes the neuroplastic processes at work in a particular condition, giving rise to these ongoing cognitive changes.

Experience-dependent Plasticity of Neocortical Inhibitory Circuits

Author : Yuanyuan Jiao
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781267323231
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (232 download)

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Book Synopsis Experience-dependent Plasticity of Neocortical Inhibitory Circuits by : Yuanyuan Jiao

Download or read book Experience-dependent Plasticity of Neocortical Inhibitory Circuits written by Yuanyuan Jiao and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Auditory Cortex

Author : Jeffery A. Winer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441900748
Total Pages : 711 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis The Auditory Cortex by : Jeffery A. Winer

Download or read book The Auditory Cortex written by Jeffery A. Winer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-02 with total page 711 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been substantial progress in understanding the contributions of the auditory forebrain to hearing, sound localization, communication, emotive behavior, and cognition. The Auditory Cortex covers the latest knowledge about the auditory forebrain, including the auditory cortex as well as the medial geniculate body in the thalamus. This book will cover all important aspects of the auditory forebrain organization and function, integrating the auditory thalamus and cortex into a smooth, coherent whole. Volume One covers basic auditory neuroscience. It complements The Auditory Cortex, Volume 2: Integrative Neuroscience, which takes a more applied/clinical perspective.

The Neocortex

Author : Wolf Singer
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262043246
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis The Neocortex by : Wolf Singer

Download or read book The Neocortex written by Wolf Singer and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-10-29 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts review the latest research on the neocortex and consider potential directions for future research. Over the past decade, technological advances have dramatically increased information on the structural and functional organization of the brain, especially the cerebral cortex. This explosion of data has radically expanded our ability to characterize neural circuits and intervene at increasingly higher resolutions, but it is unclear how this has informed our understanding of underlying mechanisms and processes. In search of a conceptual framework to guide future research, leading researchers address in this volume the evolution and ontogenetic development of cortical structures, the cortical connectome, and functional properties of neuronal circuits and populations. They explore what constitutes “uniquely human” mental capacities and whether neural solutions and computations can be shared across species or repurposed for potentially uniquely human capacities. Contributors Danielle S. Bassett, Randy M. Bruno, Elizabeth A. Buffalo, Michael E. Coulter, Hermann Cuntz, Stanislas Dehaene, James J. DiCarlo, Pascal Fries, Karl J. Friston, Asif A. Ghazanfar, Anne-Lise Giraud, Joshua I. Gold, Scott T. Grafton, Jennifer M. Groh, Elizabeth A. Grove, Saskia Haegens, Kenneth D. Harris, Kristen M. Harris, Nicholas G. Hatsopoulos, Tarik F. Haydar, Takao K. Hensch, Wieland B. Huttner, Matthias Kaschube, Gilles Laurent, David A. Leopold, Johannes Leugering, Belen Lorente-Galdos, Jason N. MacLean, David A. McCormick, Lucia Melloni, Anish Mitra, Zoltán Molnár, Sydney K. Muchnik, Pascal Nieters, Marcel Oberlaender, Bijan Pesaran, Christopher I. Petkov, Gordon Pipa, David Poeppel, Marcus E. Raichle, Pasko Rakic, John H. Reynolds, Ryan V. Raut, John L. Rubenstein, Andrew B. Schwartz, Terrence J. Sejnowski, Nenad Sestan, Debra L. Silver, Wolf Singer, Peter L. Strick, Michael P. Stryker, Mriganka Sur, Mary Elizabeth Sutherland, Maria Antonietta Tosches, William A. Tyler, Martin Vinck, Christopher A. Walsh, Perry Zurn

Neural Plasticity and Memory

Author : Federico Bermudez-Rattoni
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420008412
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Plasticity and Memory by : Federico Bermudez-Rattoni

Download or read book Neural Plasticity and Memory written by Federico Bermudez-Rattoni and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-04-17 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, multidisciplinary review, Neural Plasticity and Memory: From Genes to Brain Imaging provides an in-depth, up-to-date analysis of the study of the neurobiology of memory. Leading specialists share their scientific experience in the field, covering a wide range of topics where molecular, genetic, behavioral, and brain imaging techniq

Biology of the NMDA Receptor

Author : Antonius M. VanDongen
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 142004415X
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Biology of the NMDA Receptor by : Antonius M. VanDongen

Download or read book Biology of the NMDA Receptor written by Antonius M. VanDongen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-10-29 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NMDA receptor plays a critical role in the development of the central nervous system and in adult neuroplasticity, learning, and memory. Therefore, it is not surprising that this receptor has been widely studied. However, despite the importance of rhythms for the sustenance of life, this aspect of NMDAR function remains poorly studied. Written

Excitatory-Inhibitory Balance

Author : Takao K. Hensch
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461500397
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Excitatory-Inhibitory Balance by : Takao K. Hensch

Download or read book Excitatory-Inhibitory Balance written by Takao K. Hensch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new perspective on brain function depends upon an understanding of the interaction and integration of excitation and inhibition. A recent surge in research activity focused on inhibitory interneurons now makes a more balanced view possible. Technological advances such as improved imaging methods, visualized patch-clamp recording, multiplex single-cell PCR, and gene-targeted deletion or knock-in mice are some of the novel tools featured in this book. This book will provide an integrated view of neuron function, operating in a balanced regime of excitation and inhibition. It is a timely contribution emphasizing how this balance is established, maintained, and modified from the molecular to system levels. The broad spectrum of topics from molecular to cellular and system/computational neuroscience will appeal to a wide audience of advanced graduate students, post-docs, and faculty. Moreover, this book this book features active young researchers from around the world, who are currently educating the brain scientists of tomorrow.

The Neuroscience of Adolescence

Author : Adriana Galván
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107089921
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis The Neuroscience of Adolescence by : Adriana Galván

Download or read book The Neuroscience of Adolescence written by Adriana Galván and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-07-10 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by an award-winning developmental neuroscientist, this is a comprehensive and cutting-edge account of the latest research on the adolescent brain.

Spike-timing dependent plasticity

Author : Henry Markram
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
ISBN 13 : 2889190439
Total Pages : 575 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Spike-timing dependent plasticity by : Henry Markram

Download or read book Spike-timing dependent plasticity written by Henry Markram and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hebb's postulate provided a crucial framework to understand synaptic alterations underlying learning and memory. Hebb's theory proposed that neurons that fire together, also wire together, which provided the logical framework for the strengthening of synapses. Weakening of synapses was however addressed by "not being strengthened", and it was only later that the active decrease of synaptic strength was introduced through the discovery of long-term depression caused by low frequency stimulation of the presynaptic neuron. In 1994, it was found that the precise relative timing of pre and postynaptic spikes determined not only the magnitude, but also the direction of synaptic alterations when two neurons are active together. Neurons that fire together may therefore not necessarily wire together if the precise timing of the spikes involved are not tighly correlated. In the subsequent 15 years, Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity (STDP) has been found in multiple brain brain regions and in many different species. The size and shape of the time windows in which positive and negative changes can be made vary for different brain regions, but the core principle of spike timing dependent changes remain. A large number of theoretical studies have also been conducted during this period that explore the computational function of this driving principle and STDP algorithms have become the main learning algorithm when modeling neural networks. This Research Topic will bring together all the key experimental and theoretical research on STDP.

Developmental Psychopathology, Volume 2

Author : Dante Cicchetti
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470048190
Total Pages : 896 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Developmental Psychopathology, Volume 2 by : Dante Cicchetti

Download or read book Developmental Psychopathology, Volume 2 written by Dante Cicchetti and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-31 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developmental Psychopathology, Second Edition, contains in three volumes the most complete and current research on every aspect of developmental psychopathology. This seminal reference work features contributions from national and international expert researchers and clinicians who bring together an array of interdisciplinary work to ascertain how multiple levels of analysis may influence individual differences, the continuity or discontinuity of patterns and the pathways by which the same developmental outcomes may be achieved. This volume addresses theoretical perspectives and methodological.

Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology

Author : S. Prasad
Publisher : Alpha Science Int'l Ltd.
ISBN 13 : 9788173195822
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (958 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology by : S. Prasad

Download or read book Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology written by S. Prasad and published by Alpha Science Int'l Ltd.. This book was released on 2005 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents an account of the remarkable progress made in different areas of neurobiology. This book introduces the structure and development of the brain, showing how they are specialized for the functions they serve. It is concerned with hormones and neurotransmitters.