Development Of Soil Microbial Community Structure In Created And Natural Wetlands

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Development of Soil Microbial Community Structure in Created and Natural Wetlands

Author : Wendy A. Owens
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of Soil Microbial Community Structure in Created and Natural Wetlands by : Wendy A. Owens

Download or read book Development of Soil Microbial Community Structure in Created and Natural Wetlands written by Wendy A. Owens and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Wetlands are ecologically and economically important, providing ecosystem services such as biogeochemical cycling, carbon sequestration, flood mitigation, and wildlife habitat. Many of these services are the result of the unique microbial communities found in wetlands. Degradation and destruction of wetlands, from direct human development or indirect stressors caused by climate change, pollution, or invasive species, disrupts community structure and provision of services. Although restoration has been adopted as a mechanism to counteract net loss of function, the success rate in achieving functional equivalence with natural wetlands is low. To improve wetland conservation and outcomes for wetland creation, a better understanding of biotic community structure and biotic-abiotic relationships in developing wetlands is needed. By using the metagenomic approach of 16s rRNA amplicon sequencing, we can better understand the role of microbial communities as drivers of wetland biogeochemical cycling and predict future resilience. I evaluated environmental factors and microbial community structure of young and mature back barrier salt marshes and depressional freshwater wetlands. Salt marshes are particularly vulnerable to climate change. Evaluation of amplicon data suggests an increase in diversity and functional redundancy with marsh age, but also potential for greater resilience in the Young Marsh, where sandier sediments limit waterlogging and anoxia. In created freshwater wetlands, antecedent land use and hydrology may drive soil physico-chemistry and shape microbial community structure, which is distinctly different from mature, reference wetlands. Management of soils by amending with leaf litter compost drives abiotic factors closer to a mature marsh, but at the same time results in a unique microbial community unlike either a young or mature wetland. This suggests a potential shift in function away from the desired trajectory. Evaluation of the microbial community structure provides insight into underlying wetland function and promotes development of management practices to maximize function and overall resilience."--Abstract.

Soil Microbial Community Structure and Function Along Environmental Gradients: Implications for Wetland Nitrogen Cycling

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (932 download)

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Book Synopsis Soil Microbial Community Structure and Function Along Environmental Gradients: Implications for Wetland Nitrogen Cycling by :

Download or read book Soil Microbial Community Structure and Function Along Environmental Gradients: Implications for Wetland Nitrogen Cycling written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Creating and Restoring Wetlands

Author : Christopher Craft
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128239824
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Creating and Restoring Wetlands by : Christopher Craft

Download or read book Creating and Restoring Wetlands written by Christopher Craft and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-05-12 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Creating and Restoring Wetlands: From Theory to Practice, Second Edition describes the challenges and opportunities relating to the restoration of freshwater and estuarine wetlands in natural, agricultural, and urban environments in the coming century. This second edition is structured by clearly defined chapters based on specific wetland types (e.g. Peatlands, Mangroves) and with a consistent and coherent organization for ease of discoverability. The table of contents is divided into four main subjects: Foundations, Restoration of Freshwater Wetlands, Restoration of Estuarine Wetlands, and From Theory to Practice, each with multiple chapters. Part 1, Foundations, contains chapters describing definitions of wetlands, ecological theory used to guide restoration, and considerations on where to implement restoration on the landscape. In Parts 2 and 3, restoration of specific freshwater (marshes, forests, peatlands) and estuarine (tidal marshes, mangroves) wetlands are described. Part 4, From Theory to Practice, contains chapters describing performance standards to gauge success of projects and case studies describing small-scale and large-scale restoration projects of various freshwater and estuarine wetlands. Each chapter contains clearly labeled sections which assist the reader to quickly and easily key in on the subject matter that they are seeking. The approach of Creating and Restoring Wetlands is unique in that, in each chapter, it links ecological theory important to ecosystem restoration with practical techniques to undertake and implement successful wetland restoration projects, including recommendations for performance standards to gauge success as well as realistic expectations and timescales for achieving success. Each chapter ends with a summary table describing keys to ensure success for a given wetland ecosystem. Each chapter ends with a summary table describing keys to ensure success for a given wetland ecosystem Written by a single author, providing a consistent structure that is coherent, cohesive and well referenced Contains case studies of small- and large-scale restoration activities ensuring relevance to individuals and organizations

Wetland Creation and Restoration

Author : Karen Schneller-McDonald
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Wetland Creation and Restoration by : Karen Schneller-McDonald

Download or read book Wetland Creation and Restoration written by Karen Schneller-McDonald and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report provides a hard copy of the bibliographic information contained in the digital Wetland Creation/Restoration Data Base. One thousand one hundred data base records are included; each of these represents one article, report, or other publication dealing with the creation or restoration of wetlands. Information in the records is ... accessible via a cross-referenced index divided into four sections (Location Index, Plant Genus Index, Wetland Type Index, and Subject Index."--Page 1 Abstract.

Bacterial Community Composition and Physicochemical Properties of Soils in Created and Natural Wetlands in Virginia

Author : Rita M. Peralta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (844 download)

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Book Synopsis Bacterial Community Composition and Physicochemical Properties of Soils in Created and Natural Wetlands in Virginia by : Rita M. Peralta

Download or read book Bacterial Community Composition and Physicochemical Properties of Soils in Created and Natural Wetlands in Virginia written by Rita M. Peralta and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil properties are often studied along with vegetation to examine the status of ecosystem development in created wetlands. Soil bacterial communities are essential to the biogeochemical processes in wetlands, yet are rarely examined when assessing ecosystem development in created wetlands. We used two molecular methods, amplicon length heterogeneity polymerase chain reaction (LH-PCR) and multi-tag pyrosequencing (MTPS), of 16S ribosomal DNA to characterize the bacterial communities of soils collected from two created (i.e., LC and BR) and two natural wetlands (i.e., BN and BP) during the growing and non-growing season in the Piedmont physiographic province of Virginia, USA. Soil physicochemical attributes [i.e., percent moisture, pH, soil organic matter (SOM) (%), total organic carbon (TOC) (%), total nitrogen (TN) (%), and C:N ratio were also investigated. The measures of both bacterial communities and physicochemistry of soils were tested for any association or relationship, and examined within and between these wetlands, in terms of age and hydrologic connectivity to a surrounding fluvial system. Soil moisture was significantly higher during the growing season compared to non-growing season in the wetlands, primarily due to the natural wetlands (i.e., BN and BP), and an older and hydrologically better connected created wetland (i.e., BR) holding consistently higher soil moisture over two seasons. Soil pH of the wetlands ranged between 4.2 and 5.8, typical of the acidic soils of the Piedmont. Soil organic matter content were approximately 3 to 6 % with one of the LC wetland sites (LC1) and BN being consistently higher than in the other wetland sites. TOC and TN content followed the same pattern as SOM with no major seasonal differences. Soil bacterial community patterns were more clearly distinguished with MTPS (Ribosomal Database Project level 6: genus) method compared to LH-PCR, showing the merits of the new sequencing method. Based on the MTPS results there were many significant differences found in bacterial community patterns between the wetland sites (ANOSIM R > 0.5, p

Compensating for Wetland Losses Under the Clean Water Act

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309133025
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Compensating for Wetland Losses Under the Clean Water Act by : National Research Council

Download or read book Compensating for Wetland Losses Under the Clean Water Act written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-11-06 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recognizing the importance of wetland protection, the Bush administration in 1988 endorsed the goal of "no net loss" of wetlands. Specifically, it directed that filling of wetlands should be avoided, and minimized when it cannot be avoided. When filling is permitted, compensatory mitigation must be undertaken; that is, wetlands must be restored, created, enhanced, and, in exceptional cases, preserved, to replace the permitted loss of wetland area and function, such as water quality improvement within the watershed. After more than a dozen years, the national commitment to "no net loss" of wetlands has been evaluated. This new book explores the adequacy of science and technology for replacing wetland function and the effectiveness of the federal program of compensatory mitigation in accomplishing the nation's goal of clean water. It examines the regulatory framework for permitting wetland filling and requiring mitigation, compares the mitigation institutions that are in use, and addresses the problems that agencies face in ensuring sustainability of mitigated wetlands over the long term. Gleaning lessons from the mixed results of mitigation efforts to date, the book offers 10 practical guidelines for establishing and monitoring mitigated wetlands. It also recommends that federal, state, and local agencies undertake specific institutional reforms. This book will be important to anyone seeking a comprehensive understanding of the "no net loss" issue: policy makers, regulators, environmental scientists, educators, and wetland advocates.

PCS Phosphate Mine Continuation

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis PCS Phosphate Mine Continuation by :

Download or read book PCS Phosphate Mine Continuation written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Microbial Ecological and Biogeochemical Processes in the Soil-Vadose Zone-Groundwater Habitats

Author : Zifang Chi
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832540554
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Ecological and Biogeochemical Processes in the Soil-Vadose Zone-Groundwater Habitats by : Zifang Chi

Download or read book Microbial Ecological and Biogeochemical Processes in the Soil-Vadose Zone-Groundwater Habitats written by Zifang Chi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-11-29 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Effects of Hydrology and Vegetation on Microbial Community Structure and Soil Function in the Sediments of Freshwater Wertlands

Download The Effects of Hydrology and Vegetation on Microbial Community Structure and Soil Function in the Sediments of Freshwater Wertlands PDF Online Free

Author : Christine Prasse
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (67 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Hydrology and Vegetation on Microbial Community Structure and Soil Function in the Sediments of Freshwater Wertlands by : Christine Prasse

Download or read book The Effects of Hydrology and Vegetation on Microbial Community Structure and Soil Function in the Sediments of Freshwater Wertlands written by Christine Prasse and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In wetland soils, hydrology is considered to be one of the primary factors shaping wetland function and microbial community structure, but plant-soil interactions are also important mechanisms affecting microbial nutrient transformations. The research presented here considered the interactive effect to describe how hydrology and the presence of plants alter the soil profile, the development of the bacterial community, and their associated functions. To achieve this goal, plots were established in three hydrologically-distinct regimes (Wet, Intermediate, and Dry) within a non-tidal freshwater wetland along the James River (Charles City County, Virginia). Inside each main plot, ten subplots were cleared of all aboveground plant material; five plots were left to re-grow ("Vegetated" reference), while the remaining five were weeded each week to maintain bare soil ("Clipped" treatment subplots). Manipulations were started at the beginning of the growing season, and sampling continued until the following winter. Every eight weeks, soil cores (30 cm) were collected and analyzed for a variety of soil properties (e.g., pH, OM, C:N, redox, vegetation and root biomass), microbial community structure (16S-rDNA-based T-RFLP), bacterial abundance (Acridine Orange Direct Count), and soil function (Extracellular Enzyme Activity (EEA)). A mixed-effects repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to better understand how each variable responded within each hydrological regime and treatment. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Partial Mantel tests were used to elucidate how saturation and vegetation influence the microbial community structure and soil enzyme function. Bacterial community properties and soil functions followed differences in soil saturation and associated physicochemical parameters (i.e., pH and redox). Correlations with wetland vegetation were primarily related to seasonal changes in plant community composition and biomass, and differences between experimental treatments were small. Evidence suggests the present plant species and the amount of above- and belowground biomass plays a more selective role shaping bacterial communities and soil function. Due to the short-term of this study and tight soil correlations, it is difficult to determine if observed differences are a product of the plant community or soil saturation, but it is clear that each is important. Based on the literature, plant effects were smaller in this wetland than might be expected. This experiment took place in a recently exposed lake basin, so plant-soil-microbe interaction may not be well established. As the wetland matures, relative importance of vegetation is expected to increase and impact bacterial composition and function. Collectively, these results demonstrate that wetlands are not a product of one separate variable, but result from various factors interlinked to shape microbial communities and soil functions.

Assessing the Microbial Community Structure's Diversity Associated with Nutrients Concentration in the Natural Wetland System

Author : Nondumiso Petunia Buthelezi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing the Microbial Community Structure's Diversity Associated with Nutrients Concentration in the Natural Wetland System by : Nondumiso Petunia Buthelezi

Download or read book Assessing the Microbial Community Structure's Diversity Associated with Nutrients Concentration in the Natural Wetland System written by Nondumiso Petunia Buthelezi and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Microbial Community Structure and Function in Response to Soil Warming

Author : Heather Smith
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Community Structure and Function in Response to Soil Warming by : Heather Smith

Download or read book Microbial Community Structure and Function in Response to Soil Warming written by Heather Smith and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Soil Microbial Community Structure and Allocation are Critical Drivers of Ecosystem Functioning

Author : Colin Averill
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (927 download)

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Book Synopsis Soil Microbial Community Structure and Allocation are Critical Drivers of Ecosystem Functioning by : Colin Averill

Download or read book Soil Microbial Community Structure and Allocation are Critical Drivers of Ecosystem Functioning written by Colin Averill and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The functioning of terrestrial ecosystems is entirely dependent on the activity of autotrophic primary producers and microbial decomposers, and how they are affected by climate, mineralogy and anthropogenic change. Ecosystem ecology has classically focused on how allocation and community composition of plant primary producers may alter predictions of future ecosystem functioning in the face of environmental change. Little attention has been paid to allocation and community composition of microbial decomposers. The functioning of microbial decomposers has been considered implicitly, in the context of plant traits; primarily plant biomass chemistry. However, soil microbial communities represent a vast diversity of taxa spanning multiple kingdoms of life and an array of functional groups. It is not only likely, but probable that understanding ecological aspects of soil microbial community structure, activity, and allocation will fundamentally change how we understand and predict ecosystem function in the future. In chapters 1-3 of this dissertation, I explicitly considered how microbial activities varied based on microbial community structure and the resulting impacts for biogeochemical cycling. Specifically, in chapters 1 and 2, I manipulated the relative abundance of symbiotic root fungi to demonstrate that competition between symbionts and free-living decomposers for nitrogen slowed soil carbon cycling. In chapter 3, I scaled how nitrogen is partitioned between plants, mycorrhizas and free-living decomposer microbes to demonstrate how shifts in microbial community structure could explain how forests productivity is sustained over centuries. In chapter 4, I developed a microbial allocation framework that explicitly considers microbial resource environments. I demonstrated that past microbial allocation frameworks based on plant ecological mechanisms cannot explain allocation patterns of decomposer microbial life. Throughout this dissertation I attempt to put soil microbial life in an explicit ecological context that challenges current understanding of ecosystem process and will allow for deeper understanding and prediction of ecosystem functioning. Incorporating microbial community structure, allocation, and simple ecological mechanisms into models will improve the predictive power of ecosystem ecology.

Soil Microbiology, Ecology and Biochemistry

Author : Eldor Paul
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123914116
Total Pages : 603 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Soil Microbiology, Ecology and Biochemistry by : Eldor Paul

Download or read book Soil Microbiology, Ecology and Biochemistry written by Eldor Paul and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-11-14 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth edition of Soil Microbiology, Ecology and Biochemistry updates this widely used reference as the study and understanding of soil biota, their function, and the dynamics of soil organic matter has been revolutionized by molecular and instrumental techniques, and information technology. Knowledge of soil microbiology, ecology and biochemistry is central to our understanding of organisms and their processes and interactions with their environment. In a time of great global change and increased emphasis on biodiversity and food security, soil microbiology and ecology has become an increasingly important topic. Revised by a group of world-renowned authors in many institutions and disciplines, this work relates the breakthroughs in knowledge in this important field to its history as well as future applications. The new edition provides readable, practical, impactful information for its many applied and fundamental disciplines. Professionals turn to this text as a reference for fundamental knowledge in their field or to inform management practices. New section on "Methods in Studying Soil Organic Matter Formation and Nutrient Dynamics" to balance the two successful chapters on microbial and physiological methodology Includes expanded information on soil interactions with organisms involved in human and plant disease Improved readability and integration for an ever-widening audience in his field Integrated concepts related to soil biota, diversity, and function allow readers in multiple disciplines to understand the complex soil biota and their function

Biogeochemistry of Wetlands

Author : K. Ramesh Reddy
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429531931
Total Pages : 926 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

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Book Synopsis Biogeochemistry of Wetlands by : K. Ramesh Reddy

Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Wetlands written by K. Ramesh Reddy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-09-10 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The globally important nature of wetland ecosystems has led to their increased protection and restoration as well as their use in engineered systems. Underpinning the beneficial functions of wetlands are a unique suite of physical, chemical, and biological processes that regulate elemental cycling in soils and the water column. This book provides an in-depth coverage of these wetland biogeochemical processes related to the cycling of macroelements including carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur, secondary and trace elements, and toxic organic compounds. In this synthesis, the authors combine more than 100 years of experience studying wetlands and biogeochemistry to look inside the black box of elemental transformations in wetland ecosystems. This new edition is updated throughout to include more topics and provide an integrated view of the coupled nature of biogeochemical cycles in wetland systems. The influence of the elemental cycles is discussed at a range of scales in the context of environmental change including climate, sea level rise, and water quality. Frequent examples of key methods and major case studies are also included to help the reader extend the basic theories for application in their own system. Some of the major topics discussed are: Flooded soil and sediment characteristics Aerobic-anaerobic interfaces Redox chemistry in flooded soil and sediment systems Anaerobic microbial metabolism Plant adaptations to reducing conditions Regulators of organic matter decomposition and accretion Major nutrient sources and sinks Greenhouse gas production and emission Elemental flux processes Remediation of contaminated soils and sediments Coupled C-N-P-S processes Consequences of environmental change in wetlands# The book provides the foundation for a basic understanding of key biogeochemical processes and its applications to solve real world problems. It is detailed, but also assists the reader with box inserts, artfully designed diagrams, and summary tables all supported by numerous current references. This book is an excellent resource for senior undergraduates and graduate students studying ecosystem biogeochemistry with a focus in wetlands and aquatic systems.

Soil Microbial Community Composition and Function in Three Lake States Forests

Author : Rachel T. Myers
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Soil Microbial Community Composition and Function in Three Lake States Forests by : Rachel T. Myers

Download or read book Soil Microbial Community Composition and Function in Three Lake States Forests written by Rachel T. Myers and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Standard Soil Methods for Long-Term Ecological Research

Author : G. Philip Robertson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198028261
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Standard Soil Methods for Long-Term Ecological Research by : G. Philip Robertson

Download or read book Standard Soil Methods for Long-Term Ecological Research written by G. Philip Robertson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1999-10-28 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Standardized methods and measurements are crucial for ecological research, particularly in long-term ecological studies where the projects are by nature collaborative and where it can be difficult to distinguish signs of environmental change from the effects of differing methodologies. This second volume in the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network Series addresses these issues directly by providing a comprehensive standardized set of protocols for measuring soil properties. The goal of the volume is to facilitate cross-site synthesis and evaluation of ecosystem processes. Chapters cover methods for studying physical and chemical properties of soils, soil biological properties, and soil organisms, and they include work from many leaders in the field. The book is the first broadly based compendium of standardized soil measurement methods and will be an invaluable resource for ecologists, agronomists, and soil scientists.

Environmental Regulation of Tidal Wetland Microbial Communities and Associated Biogeochemistry

Author : Ember M. Morrissey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (868 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Regulation of Tidal Wetland Microbial Communities and Associated Biogeochemistry by : Ember M. Morrissey

Download or read book Environmental Regulation of Tidal Wetland Microbial Communities and Associated Biogeochemistry written by Ember M. Morrissey and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial communities play an essential role in carrying out the biogeochemical cycles that sustain life on Earth, yet we know very little about their ecology. One question of particular interest is how environmental conditions shape microbial community structure (i.e., the types of organisms found in the community and their relative abundance), and whether such changes in structure are related to biogeochemical function. It is the aim of this dissertation to address this question via the examination of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling in wetland ecosystems, which due to their diverse hydrology have a profound influence on biogeochemical cycles. With respect to N cycling, the community structure of denitrification- and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA)-capable organisms was evaluated in response to changes in resource availability, specifically organic matter (OM) and nitrate (NO3-), using an in situ field manipulation. Interactive regulation of microbial community composition was exhibited in both groups, likely due to variation in C substrate preferences and NO3- utilization efficiency. Subsequent experimentation considering only denitrification revealed that resource regulation of activity rates was mediated through changes in denitrifier community composition. The resource regulation of wetland C cycling also was evaluated using an in situ OM manipulation. OM characteristics (e.g., degree of decomposition) affected microbial extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) and changed the community structure of bacteria, archaea, and methanogens. These changes were linked with carbon dioxide and methane production via a conceptual model diagramming the importance of microbial community structure and EEA in greenhouse gas production. The investigation of C cycling in wetlands was extended to consider an important global change threat: saltwater intrusion into freshwater tidal wetlands. Bacterial community structure and EEA were examined along a natural salinity gradient. Salinity was strongly associated with bacterial community structure and positively correlated with EEA. These results suggested that salinity-induced increases in decomposition were responsible for reduced soil OM content in more saline wetlands. This work demonstrates that microbial communities in wetlands are structured by environmental conditions including resource availability and salinity. Further, the research provides evidence that environmental regulation of important biogeochemical processes in wetlands (e.g., methanogensis, denitrification, etc.) is mediated through changes in microbial community structure.