Development Of Novel Visible And Solar Light Activated Nanostructured Nitrogen Fluorine Titanium Dioxide Photocatalyst For The Removal Of Cyanotoxins In Water

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Development of Novel Visible and Solar Light-activated Nanostructured Nitrogen-fluorine Titanium Dioxide Photocatalyst for the Removal of Cyanotoxins in Water

Author : Miguel Pelaez
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 203 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (829 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of Novel Visible and Solar Light-activated Nanostructured Nitrogen-fluorine Titanium Dioxide Photocatalyst for the Removal of Cyanotoxins in Water by : Miguel Pelaez

Download or read book Development of Novel Visible and Solar Light-activated Nanostructured Nitrogen-fluorine Titanium Dioxide Photocatalyst for the Removal of Cyanotoxins in Water written by Miguel Pelaez and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prevalent and increasing occurrence of cyanobacteria and their toxins, known as cyanotoxins, in drinking water sources have become a potential health risk to humans. Physical treatment methods in conventional drinking water treatment have the capacity to remove cyanotoxins but are limited to a merely physical separation, where further treatment is required. Cyanotoxins are susceptible to chemical oxidation and recently advanced oxidation technologies (AOTs) and nanotechnologies (AONs), such as titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysis, have been proven an effective alternative technology to chemically transform cyanotoxins in water. However, conventional TiO2 is restricted to UV light photoactivation for the generation of highly reactive oxygen species (i.e., hydroxyl radicals) representing an economical and technological limitation for the use of renewable energy sources such as solar light, since UV radiation accounts only for 5% of the total solar spectrum compared to the visible spectrum (~45%). This dissertation explored the development of nanostructured nitrogen and fluorine co-doped TiO2 (NF-TiO2) that can be activated under visible and solar light for the photocatalytic degradation of cyanotoxins in water. This work aimed to develop highly efficient NF-TiO2 nanoparticles and films to evaluate the environmental fate of microcystins, the most widespread and highly persistent group of cyanotoxins found in surface waters, and cylindrospermopsin which has emerged as the most significant toxin in freshwater sources. Specific attention was given to 1) the fundamental aspects on the synthesis method that influenced the physicochemical properties of NF-TiO2, such as the incorporation of nitrogen and fluorine in the structure of TiO2 and the synergistic effects induced by both dopants, 2) the surface interaction between the cyanotoxins and NF-TiO2 in different water matrix, 3) the reactivity and degradation kinetics of microcystins and cylindrospermopsin with NF-TiO2 and 4) the mechanism of radical formation with NF-TiO2 under visible and solar light. The existence of interstitial nitrogen and substitutional fluorine in the NF-TiO2 lattice was determined and the formation of localized intra-gap states was established implying that fluorine promotes nitrogen incorporation in TiO2. A shift in the absorbance capacity of NF-TiO2 in the visible range was also observed. Anatase/brookite heterojunctions, which promote photocatalytic efficiency, were found in NF-TiO2. High initial degradation rates for microcystin-LR (MC-LR) were obtained with NF-TiO2 nanoparticles and films in synthetic water under visible light. The effect of pH indicated that attractive forces at acidic conditions between the oppositely charged NF-TiO2 and MC-LR contributed to higher MC-LR initial degradation rates. The presence of alkalinity and natural organic matter had a scavenging effect since the initial MC-LR degradation rates decreased. Modifications to NF-TiO2 with Evonik Aeroxide P25-TiO2 (P25) nanoparticles lead to composite NF-TiO2-P25 with improved photocatalytic activity towards MC-LR, MC-RR, MC-YR, MC-LA and cylindrospermopsin under visible and UV-vis light. The general reactivity was MC-LA>MC-LR>MC-YR>MC-RR. Finally, results using selected scavengers indicate that the main mechanism of NF-TiO2 radical formation under visible light irradiation differed from UV-mediated TiO2 photocatalysis since no evidence of hydroxyl radical production from the surface holes was observed. It was suggested that under visible light, surface oxygen reduction of NF-TiO2 occurred to form superoxide radical anion as main radical specie. The affinity of the scavenger with NF-TiO2 and MC-LR in terms of pH was established as an important parameter to determine the radicals formed in this study.

Novel Preparation of Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide Photocatalytic Particles, Films, Membranes, and Devices for Environmental Applications

Download Novel Preparation of Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide Photocatalytic Particles, Films, Membranes, and Devices for Environmental Applications PDF Online Free

Author : Hyeok Choi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780549025399
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (253 download)

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Book Synopsis Novel Preparation of Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide Photocatalytic Particles, Films, Membranes, and Devices for Environmental Applications by : Hyeok Choi

Download or read book Novel Preparation of Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide Photocatalytic Particles, Films, Membranes, and Devices for Environmental Applications written by Hyeok Choi and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From a scientific point of view, this study will provide new nanotechnological and materials chemistry procedures to synthesize highly efficient photocatalytic TiO2 particles, films, and membranes that can be used for the treatment and disinfection of water and wastewater under even visible light irradiation, and highly sensitive TiO2-based devices for the development of new type of sensors.

Solar- and Visible Light-activated Titania for Removal of Pesticides and Emerging Contaminants

Author : Joel M. Andersen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Solar- and Visible Light-activated Titania for Removal of Pesticides and Emerging Contaminants by : Joel M. Andersen

Download or read book Solar- and Visible Light-activated Titania for Removal of Pesticides and Emerging Contaminants written by Joel M. Andersen and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of sustainable environmental remediation techniques continues to grow each year. To this end, many researchers have emphasized titania (TiO2)-based photocatalysis since its discovery in the 1970s. Conventionally, titania requires ultraviolet light for activation. However, doping with non-metals such as nitrogen and fluorine allowed the activation of the photocatalyst by visible light. As such, a more significant portion of the solar spectrum became available. With this in mind, it is pertinent to explore numerous factors of NF-TiO2. These factors are explored in two sections. Section I:In order to investigate sustainable alternatives to current water treatment methods, the effect of NF-titania film thickness and subsequent photocatalysis in combination with oxidants was examined under simulated solar light. Such a combination presents a theoretical possibility for a synergistic interaction between the photocatalyst and the oxidant (activation of an oxidant by the catalyst under conditions under which it may not conventionally be activated). To investigate, peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and persulfate (PS) were used as oxidants, and two pesticides, amitrole and atrazine, were used as target contaminants. In the absence of a film, activation of PMS under simulated solar conditions is demonstrated by removal of atrazine, whereas PS provided minimal removal, suggesting inefficient activation. Combining photocatalytic films with PMS and PS manifested synergies for both oxidants. The effect was most pronounced for PS since PMS already underwent significant activation without the photocatalyst. Amitrole degradation results indicated a lack of removal of amitrole by activated persulfate alone, suggesting that this sulfate radical-based treatment technology may be ineffective for the removal of amitrole. The NF-TiO2 films demonstrated reusability under solar light both with and without oxidants. Finally, the degradation intermediates are described, and a new intermediate appeared upon incorporating oxidants into the system. Section II:Titanium dioxide-based photocatalysis using visible light has previously been explored by numerous research groups in an effort to increase the utilization of solar light for the destruction of environmental contaminants in water. Conventionally, UV light is required for TiO2 photocatalysis, but through the use of dopants, such as nitrogen and fluorine, activation of TiO2 by visible light has been observed. However, doping may also change the catalyst's degradation mechanisms (e.g., oxidative mechanisms, such as electron holes and reactive oxygen species or reductive mechanisms, such as reduction by mobile electrons in the conduction band). As a result, the intermediate degradation products may be altered. The present work explores this possiblity. To investigate this possibility, microcystin-LR, which is a cyanotoxin of emerging concern, was chosen as the target contaminant. The results of LC/MS2(and in one case LC/MS3) indicated that the intermediates are not drastically altered compared to traditional TiO2 photocatalysis using UV light. Most importantly, visible light-induced photocatalysis using NF-TiO2 degrades the portion of MC-LR that is responsible for biological toxicity. As a result of this, it was concluded that doping TiO2 with nitrogen and fluorine is an effective method for increasing utilization of visible light while degrading MC-LR in water.

Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide in Photocatalysis

Author : It-Meng Low
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000348229
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide in Photocatalysis by : It-Meng Low

Download or read book Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide in Photocatalysis written by It-Meng Low and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-06-18 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has drawn considerable attention as an attractive inorganic raw material for various applications due to its inexpensiveness, nontoxic nature, stability, and excellent photocatalytic activity. Photocatalysis is one of the most promising route for sustainable chemistry of the 21st century. It can contribute to solving environmental, global energy, and chemical problems, as well as to the sustainable production of commodities in the near future. This book presents the fundamentals of photocatalysis in nanostructured TiO2 and describes the factors affecting the photocatalytic activity, design, and synthesis of various forms of nanostructured TiO2. It highlights the use of ion-doping and inert-atmosphere annealing to extend the light-absorption range of photocatalysts and reduce recombination between electrons and holes. It discusses numerous applications in the fields of energy and environment, such as water purification, gas sensing, storage and delivery, and energy generation. The book is an invaluable resource and useful guide for a broad readership in various fields of catalysis, materials science, environment, and energy.

Nanostructured Photocatalysts

Author : Hiromi Yamashita
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319260790
Total Pages : 543 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanostructured Photocatalysts by : Hiromi Yamashita

Download or read book Nanostructured Photocatalysts written by Hiromi Yamashita and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-03 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While books on semiconductor TiO2 photocatalysis are legion, nanostructured controlled photocatalysts are attractive beyond standard semiconductors, and this book is devoted to the many novel uses of advanced TiO2 and MOF-based photocatalysts. Details on synthesis, characterization, and reaction applications of nanostructured photocatalysts are summarized. Other new materials discussed in this book are Bi- W- oxides, metal complexes, and unique porous materials. This book contains methods of preparation and characterization of unique nanostructured photocatalysts, and details about their catalytic action. Contributors to this volume are leading Asian researchers in Photocatalysis. It will appeal to researchers wishing to know how to design new types of photocatalysts with controlled nanostructures.

Origin of Visible Light Activity in Nitrogen Modified Titanium Dioxide

Author : Dariusz Mitoraj
Publisher : Sudwestdeutscher Verlag Fur Hochschulschriften AG
ISBN 13 : 9783838108605
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Origin of Visible Light Activity in Nitrogen Modified Titanium Dioxide by : Dariusz Mitoraj

Download or read book Origin of Visible Light Activity in Nitrogen Modified Titanium Dioxide written by Dariusz Mitoraj and published by Sudwestdeutscher Verlag Fur Hochschulschriften AG. This book was released on 2010-02 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of novel functional materials capable of solar-driven chemical transformations or production of electricity has attracted significant interest motivated by the need to develop technologies based on clean and sustainable energy supply. One of the most safe and environmentally friendly chemical methods aimed at removal of pollutants from water and air by using the renewable energy sources e.g. solar energy is metal-oxide heterogenous photocatalysis, in particular wide-bandgap semiconductor systems applying titanium dioxide. However, utilization of titanium dioxide is hampered by the fact that, due to the large bandgap, it can make use of only a very small UV part of solar radiation. Therefore strong efforts are presently made to shift its photocatalytic activity to the visible spectral region. Explication the mechanism of urea-induced titanium dioxide modification, elucidation the electronic structure of the new visible-light active materials together with literature review on nitrogen doped/modified titanium dioxide make this book suitable for everyone working in the field, from postgraduates to experts.

Environmentally Benign Photocatalysts

Author : Masakazu Anpo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387484442
Total Pages : 740 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (874 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmentally Benign Photocatalysts by : Masakazu Anpo

Download or read book Environmentally Benign Photocatalysts written by Masakazu Anpo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-10 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past few decades, mankind has observed an unprecedented and remarkable growth in industry, resulting in a more prosperous lifestyle for peoples of many countries. In developing countries, however, explosive industrial growth is just now beginning to raise the living standards of the people. Most industries, especially in these developing countries, are still powered by the burning of fossil fuels; con- quently, a lack of clean energy resources has caused environmental pollution on an unprecedented large and global scale. Toxic wastes have been relentlessly released into the air and water leading to serious and devastating environmental and health problems while endangering the planet and life itself with the effects of global warming. To address these urgent environmental issues, new catalytic and photocatalytic processes as well as open-atmospheric systems are presently being developed that can operate at room temperature while being totally clean and ef?cient and thus environmentally harmonious. Essential to technologies harnessing the abundant solar energy that reaches the earth are the highly functional photocatalytic proce- es that can utilize not only UV light, but also visible light.

Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysis

Author : Vladimiro Dal Santo
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3038976946
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (389 download)

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Book Synopsis Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysis by : Vladimiro Dal Santo

Download or read book Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysis written by Vladimiro Dal Santo and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-05-27 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the seminal work of Fujishima et al. dates back to 1971, TiO2 still remains the most diffused and studied semiconductor, employed in photo-oxidation processes for cleantech (i.e., polluted water and air treatment), in solar fuel production (mainly hydrogen production by water photo splitting), and in Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) processes by CO2 photoreduction. The eleven articles, among them three reviews, in this book cover recent results and research trends of various aspects of titanium dioxide photocatalysis, with the chief aim of improving the final efficiency of TiO2-based materials. Strategies include doping, metal co-catalyst deposition, and the realization of composites with plasmonic materials, other semiconductors, and graphene. Photocatalysts with high efficiency and selectivity can be also obtained by controlling the precise crystal shape (and homogeneous size) and the organization in superstructures from ultrathin films to hierarchical nanostructures. Finally, the theoretical modeling of TiO2 nanoparticles is discussed and highlighted. The range of topics addressed in this book will stimulate the reader’s interest as well as provide a valuable source of information for researchers in academia and industry.

Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide in Photocatalysis

Author : It-Meng Low
Publisher : Jenny Stanford Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9789814877077
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide in Photocatalysis by : It-Meng Low

Download or read book Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide in Photocatalysis written by It-Meng Low and published by Jenny Stanford Publishing. This book was released on 2021-06-18 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has drawn considerable attention as an attractive inorganic raw material for various applications due to its inexpensiveness, nontoxic nature, stability, and excellent photocatalytic activity. Photocatalysis is one of the most promising route for sustainable chemistry of the 21st century. It can contribute to solving environmental, global energy, and chemical problems, as well as to the sustainable production of commodities in the near future. This book presents the fundamentals of photocatalysis in nanostructured TiO2 and describes the factors affecting the photocatalytic activity, design, and synthesis of various forms of nanostructured TiO2. It highlights the use of ion-doping and inert-atmosphere annealing to extend the light-absorption range of photocatalysts and reduce recombination between electrons and holes. It discusses numerous applications in the fields of energy and environment, such as water purification, gas sensing, storage and delivery, and energy generation. The book is an invaluable resource and useful guide for a broad readership in various fields of catalysis, materials science, environment, and energy.

New Insights in Photocatalysis for Environmental Applications

Author : Muhammad Bilal Tahir
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811921164
Total Pages : 69 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis New Insights in Photocatalysis for Environmental Applications by : Muhammad Bilal Tahir

Download or read book New Insights in Photocatalysis for Environmental Applications written by Muhammad Bilal Tahir and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-21 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains the basic and fundamental aspects of nanotechnology and the potential use of nanostructured photocatalysts in various applications, especially in the context of the environment and energy harvesting. It describes the preparation and characterization of unique nanostructured photocatalysts and provides details of their catalytic action, and also discusses the design of new types of photocatalysts with controlled nanostructures. Given its broad scope, the book will appeal to academic and industrial researchers interested in heterogeneous photocatalysis, sustainable chemistry, energy conversion and storage, nanotechnology, chemical engineering, environmental protection, optoelectronics, sensors and surface and interface science.

Photocatalytic Activity Enhancement of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

Author : Mohamed A. Barakat
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319242717
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Photocatalytic Activity Enhancement of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles by : Mohamed A. Barakat

Download or read book Photocatalytic Activity Enhancement of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles written by Mohamed A. Barakat and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-26 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this brief, a comprehensive review of the UV/visible-TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation process is presented with an insight into the mechanisms involved, the role of titanium dioxide as a catalyst, irradiation sources, types of reactors, and a comparison between various modes of TiO2 application. An overview of the development and enhancement of the activity of TiO2 nanoparticles in photocatalysis is presented. The topics covered include a detailed look at the unique properties of the TiO2 nanoparticles and their relationship to photocatalytic properties. The utilization of the TiO2 nanoparticles as photocatalysts, in the non-doped and doped forms is also reviewed. Finally, the use of modified TiO2 nanoparticles has made a significant contribution in providing definitive mechanistic information regarding the visible light photocatalytic processes.

Nanostructured Photocatalysts

Author : Van-Huy Nguyen
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128235969
Total Pages : 594 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanostructured Photocatalysts by : Van-Huy Nguyen

Download or read book Nanostructured Photocatalysts written by Van-Huy Nguyen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-06-25 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanostructured Photocatalysts: From Fundamental to Practical Applications offers a good opportunity for academic, industrial researchers and engineers to gain insights on the fundamental principles and updated knowledge on the engineering aspects and various practical applications of photocatalysis. This book comprehensively and systematically reviews photocatalytic fundamental aspects, ranging from reaction mechanism, kinetic modeling, nanocatalyst synthesis and design, essential material characterization using advanced techniques, and novel reactor design and scale-up. Future perspectives, techno-economical evaluation and lifecycle assessment of photocatalytic processes are also provided. Finally, a wide range of practical, important and emerging photocatalytic applications, namely wastewater treatment, air pollution remediation, renewable and green energy generation, and vital chemical production are thoroughly covered, making this book useful and beneficial for engineers, scientists, academic researchers, undergraduates and postgraduates. Provides a fundamental understanding of photocatalysis Covers all aspects of recent developments in photocatalytic processes and photocatalytic materials Focuses on advanced photocatalytic applications and future research advancements on energy, environment, biomedical, and other specialty fields Contains contributions from leading international experts in photocatalysis Presents a valuable reference for academic and industrial researchers, scientists and engineers

Design and Development of a New Generation of UV-visible-light-driven Nanosized Codoped Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysts and Biocides/sporocides, and Environmental Applications

Download Design and Development of a New Generation of UV-visible-light-driven Nanosized Codoped Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysts and Biocides/sporocides, and Environmental Applications PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (475 download)

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Book Synopsis Design and Development of a New Generation of UV-visible-light-driven Nanosized Codoped Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysts and Biocides/sporocides, and Environmental Applications by :

Download or read book Design and Development of a New Generation of UV-visible-light-driven Nanosized Codoped Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysts and Biocides/sporocides, and Environmental Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For solar environmental remediation, a new generation of nanosized (10 nm) titanium dioxide photocatalysts codoped with metals and nonmetals, or metals only were prepared by the xero-gel and aero-gel methods. For silver or cobalt-based xero-gel titanium dioxide photocatalysts, photoactivities tests revealed that codoping of titanium dioxide with a metal (1% Ag or 2% Co) and nonmetals (carbon and sulfur) is necessary to achieve high-activities for acetaldehyde degradation under visible light (wavelength 420 nm). It was concluded that high visible-light-activities for acetaldehyde degradation over codoped titanium dioxide were attributed to an interplay of anatase crystallinity, high-surface area, reduced band-gap (3.0 eV), uniform dispersion of doped metal ions, and suppressed recombination rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Moreover, the nature and amount of codoped metals play a significant role in visible-light-induced photocatalysis. Metals (Al, Ga, and In) doped/codoped titanium dioxide photocatalysts were prepared by the aero-gel method. The photocatalytic studies showed that activities of metal doped/codoped photocatalysts under UV light (wavelength 400 nm) were found to be dependent on pollutants. Indium demonstrated beneficial effects in both textural and photocatalytic properties. Gallium and indium codoped titanium dioxide photocatalysts displayed even better performance in the CO oxidation reaction under UV light. Notably, titanium dioxide codoped with Ga, In, and Pt, exhibited unique photoactivities for the CO oxidation under both UV and visible light irradiation, indicating that this system could have promise for the water-gas shift reaction for hydrogen production. Silver-based nanostructured titanium dioxide samples were developed for killing human pathogens (Escherichia coli cells and Bacillus subtilis spores). Biocidal tests revealed that silver, carbon, and sulfur codoped titanium dioxide nanoparticles (

Heterogeneous Nanocomposite-Photocatalysis for Water Purification

Author : Rajendra Pawar
Publisher : William Andrew
ISBN 13 : 0323393136
Total Pages : 113 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (233 download)

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Book Synopsis Heterogeneous Nanocomposite-Photocatalysis for Water Purification by : Rajendra Pawar

Download or read book Heterogeneous Nanocomposite-Photocatalysis for Water Purification written by Rajendra Pawar and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2015-04-29 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Heterogeneous Nanocomposite-Photocatalysis for Water Purification, the authors introduce various heterogeneous photocatalysts based on novel nanostructures of metal oxide semiconductors and graphene used for water purification, including TiO2, Fe2O3, SnO2, WO3 and g-C3N4, and outlines their advantages and drawbacks. The nanocomposite-photocatalysts ZnO and CdS are compared with reduced graphene oxide (rGO), a rapidly growing materials system. The authors describe how the photocatalytic activity of known nanomaterials can be improved by modifying the structural and optical properties (i.e., phase composition). Introductory portion of the book includes a brief survey of all different kinds of heterogeneous photocatalysts Discusses the possible photocatalysis mechanism occurring during the degradation of different toxic pollutants Provides the photoelectrochemical measurement for synthesized catalysts, supporting the effective transportation of photoelectrons resulting into better catalytic properties

Nanophotocatalysis and Environmental Applications

Author : Inamuddin
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030126196
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanophotocatalysis and Environmental Applications by : Inamuddin

Download or read book Nanophotocatalysis and Environmental Applications written by Inamuddin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-07 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will be a guiding path to understand the photocatalytic process and mechanism for the deterioration of heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants and pathogens from wastewater. Environmental remediation is of crucial importance in the context of human sustainability in the present and future times. The unplanned anthropogenic activities and revolutionary industrialization end up in environmental contamination with noxious organic-inorganic and biogenic pollutants. The photocatalytic disinfection and detoxification is the only solution to preserve and restore the ecological balance. The main emphasis is to explore and enhance the photocatalytic potentials of solar active-materials.

Improving the Optoelectronic Property and Photoactivity of Nano-structured Titanuim Dioxide

Author : Hong-Ying Lin
Publisher : ProQuest
ISBN 13 : 9780549821137
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (211 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving the Optoelectronic Property and Photoactivity of Nano-structured Titanuim Dioxide by : Hong-Ying Lin

Download or read book Improving the Optoelectronic Property and Photoactivity of Nano-structured Titanuim Dioxide written by Hong-Ying Lin and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Titanium dioxide (TiO 2) has been proven to be one of the most important and widely used photocatalyst for applications such as gas/liquid phase environmental cleaning, solar hydrogen generation, sensitized solar cell, UV filtration, etc. The biggest challenge in the applications of this semiconductor photocatalyst is its large band gap (~ 3.2 eV) which limits the utilizable spectrum of photons from the solar light (~ 4 to 5 %). To improve the optical sensitivity of TiO 2 in the visible light region, the band gap of TiO 2 needs to be tailored. The reduction of TiO 2 band gap can be achieved by controlling of its electronic structure via two routes: changing the particle size and doping it with impurities. To precisely control the size of TiO 2 particles, anatase TiO 2 nanocrystallines (17 to 29 nm) were synthesized by metallo-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method with moderate control on system parameters (i.e. pressure and gas flow rates). The results of band gap change as a function of particle size agreed well with what was predicted using the Brus' effective mass model (EMM). However, the observations from photocatalytic oxidation of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) showed that the smaller the particle size, the faster the degradation rate. This is attributed in part to the combined effect of band gap change relative to the spectrum of the light source and the specific surface area (or particle size) of the photocatalysts. Our results indicate that the gain in specific surface area due to the smaller particle size outweighs the improvement on its optical property (e.g. reduction in bandgap) under similar experimental condition. Our observation also showed the secondary particle size to be time dependent due to the aggregation and is highly correlated with its primary particle size. The nitrogen doped TiO 2 thin film synthesis was carried out with two different approaches: (1) oxidation of the titanium nitride (TiN) thin film and (2) reactive pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Nitrogen doping of TiO 2 in the former approach was done by the oxidation of TiN thin films at 800 ̊C in ambient air. The phase transformation of TiN to TiO 2 appears to be a function of annealing time. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies have shown that the substitutionally doped TiO 2-x N x (N 1 s ~ 396 eV) remains stable only for the first two minutes of annealing. As the annealing proceeds, the N 1s XPS peak shifts to higher binding energy (N1 s ~ 400 and 402 eV) which indicates that binding energy of N atom shifted from substitutional site (Ti-N) to chemisorbed site (N=-N) when annealing process exceeds five minutes due to the substitution of Ti-N bond by Ti-O bond. Results from both depth profile XPS and cross-section TEM showed that the formation of TiO 2-x N x depends on the distance from the film surface. Film structure studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that mixed TiN and rutile TiO 2 phases formed between four and twenty four hours of annealing time. The optical properties were examined using UV-VIS spectroscopy. The most visible light sensitive samples showed ~65 to 105 nm red-shift on its absorption edges from that of pure TiO 2, which is equivalent to ~0.47 to 0.73 eV reduction in the effective bandgap. Our results suggest that surface oxidation of TiN is an effective method for the synthesis of band gap tailored oxides which have applications in photocatalysis, photovoltaic, etc. Doping of N into TiO 2 lattice was also achieved using the reactive pulsed laser deposition technique. The N concentration was controlled by adjusting the mixing ratio of make-up (N 2) and buffer (1:1 O 2 and Ar mixture) gases during laser ablation. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).

Nanosized Titania Composites for Reinforcement of Photocatalysis and Photoelectrocatalysis

Author : Maksym Zahornyi
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1527578992
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (275 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanosized Titania Composites for Reinforcement of Photocatalysis and Photoelectrocatalysis by : Maksym Zahornyi

Download or read book Nanosized Titania Composites for Reinforcement of Photocatalysis and Photoelectrocatalysis written by Maksym Zahornyi and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2022-02-06 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses recent advances in the photocatalytic and electrophotocatalytic applications of titanium dioxide nanocomposites containing polymers and other components. These materials possess photocatalytic, virucidal and antimicrobial efficacy and water and air cleaning abilities against eco-toxicants, and allow water splitting for the generation of chemical fuels. The book considers the ability of nanocomposites’ components to reinforce titania functionality in photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis, and presents an overview of their occurrence in nature, their thermodynamic properties, and their toxicity. The volume will be of interest to chemists and material science specialists and practitioners, as well as any reader interested in the recent scientific achievements for green and sustainable development.