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Download or read book Development of Neutron Detector Arrays for Neutron-Induced Reaction Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : R. E. Chrien
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 146132940X
Total Pages : 875 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)
Download or read book Neutron Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy written by R. E. Chrien and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 875 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The post World War II era witnessed a tremendous growth in the research carried out in neutron-induced reactions and especially in neutron capture y-ray studies. This growth was stimulated by the availability of neutron sources, such as reactors and accelerators, and by the development of high resolution y-ray and conversion electron detectors. Today the combination of high flux reactors and precise instrumentation has produced spectral data of exceptional quality, as the pages of these proceedings illustrate. The world-wide community of the practioners of the art of cap ture y-ray spectroscopy has met three times in the last decade: the first international symposium on this subject was held at Studsvik, Sweden in 1969, and the second at Petten, The Netherlands in 1974. A smaller meeting, of mostly u. S. and some European parti cipation, was held at Argonne National Laboratory in 1966. A perusal of the proceedings of these meetings shows the striking ad vances in this now mature field of physics over the last dozen years. Each meeting has seen a small but perceptible increase in the number of papers presented and the number of laboratories repre sented. More importantly, each meeting has documented the increasing impact of (n,y) reasearch, not only on other areas of basic physics, but also on commercial and medical applications of this technology. A total of 29 invited papers and 97 contributed papers were presented at this symposium.
Author : Dennis Wilmsen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Nuclear Structure Studies with Neutron-induced Reactions written by Dennis Wilmsen and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the scope of atomic nuclear structure studies with neutron-induced reactions, this work presents the results of a fission fragment study in the N=50-60 region, the development of a fission event tagger, and the production of the isomer Pt-195m. Each of the different sub-topics has its origin in the 2012/13 EXILL campaign, where nuclear structure studies were carried out with neutron-induced reactions, and explored with a [gamma]-efficient detector array. In the first part of this thesis, the neutron-rich region around neutron number N=50-60 was investigated with neutron-induced fission reactions on the fissile targets U-235 and Pu-241. Gamma spectroscopy methods were applied for the identification of the respective fission fragments, the assignment of [gamma] transitions, and the analysis of lifetimes of excited states. The slope fit method as well as the recently developed generalized centroid difference method were used for the analysis of lifetimes in the low picoseconds to sub-nanoseconds range. Lifetimes for the nuclei Kr-92, Kr-93 and Zr-101 are presented. In the second part, first results of the development of a new detector for the discrimination of fission fragments are presented. This fission event tagger is intended to be used at the FIssion Product Prompt [gamma]-ray Spectrometer (FIPPS) at the Institut Laue-Langevin. Within the scope of this study, two different detector designs, based on a solid plastic scintillator and an organic liquid scintillator, respectively, were tested. In the third part the possibility of the specific population of the spin-isomer in Pt-195 is discussed with special regard to its use as radioisotope in nuclear medicine. Such a specific activation could be realized via certain "doorway states" in photo-excitation reactions. The search for these doorway states was initiated within a neutron capture experiment at EXILL where potential states were found. The activation of the isomer via these states was tested afterwards with photonuclear reactions using the high intense [gamma]-beam HIGS of the TUNL facility.
Author : Christoph Caesar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (68 download)
Download or read book Charge-exchange Nuclear Reactions at NSCL Using Radioactive Beams written by Christoph Caesar and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Troy Casey Unruh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (496 download)
Download or read book Development of a Neutron Diffraction System and Neutron Imaging System for Beamport Characterization written by Troy Casey Unruh and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiconductor neutron detector design, fabrication and testing are all performed at Kansas State University (KSU). The most prevalent neutron detectors built by the KSU Semiconductor Materials And Radiological Technologies Laboratory (SMART Lab) are comprised of silicon diodes with [superscript]6LiF as a neutron converter material. Neutron response testing and calibration of the detectors is performed in a neutron detector test facility. The facility utilizes diffraction with a pyrolytic graphite (PG) monochromator to produce a diffracted neutron beam at the northwest beamport of the KSU Training Research Isotope production General Atomics (TRIGA) Mark-II nuclear reactor. A 2-D neutron beam monitor can also be used in conjunction with the test facility for active calibrations. Described in the following work are the design, construction and operation of a neutron detector test facility and a 2-D neutron detection array. The diffracted neutron beam at the detector test facility has been characterized to yield a neutron beam with an average Gaussian energy of 0.0253 eV. The diffracted beam yields a flux of 1.2x10[superscript]4 neutrons/cm[superscript]2/s at 100 kW of reactor power. The PG monochromator is diffracting on the (002) plane that has been positioned at a Bragg angle of 15.5 degrees. The 2-D neutron detection array has been characterized for uniform pixel response and uniform neutron detection efficiency. The 2-D 5x5 array of neutron detectors with a neutron detection efficiency of approximately 0.5 percent has been used as a beam monitor when performing detector testing. The amplifier circuits for the 5x5 array were designed at the KSU Electronics Design Lab (EDL) and were coupled to a LabVIEW field-programmable gate array that is read out by a custom LabVIEW virtual instrument. The virtual instrument has been calibrated to produce a pixel response that varies by less than two percent from pixel to pixel. The array has been used for imaging and active monitoring of the diffracted neutron beam at the detector test facility. The following work is part of on-going research to develop various types of solid state semiconductor neutron detectors.
Author : Mohammad Reza Ganjali
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0124200958
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (242 download)
Download or read book Lanthanides Series Determination by Various Analytical Methods written by Mohammad Reza Ganjali and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-02-25 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lanthanides Series Determination by Various Analytical Methods describes the different spectroscopic and electrochemical methods used for the determination and measurement of lanthanides. Numerous examples of determination methods used in real sample analysis are gathered and explained, and the importance of lanthanides as applied in chemical industry, agriculture, clinical and pharmaceutical industry, and biology is discussed, with many applications and recent advantages given. Written by world-leading experts in research on lanthanide determination Discusses determination methods that range from very advanced and expensive techniques to simple and inexpensive methods A single source of information for a broad collection of lanthanide detection techniques and applications Includes a complete list of reports and patents on lanthanide determination Discusses both advantages and disadvantages of each determination method, giving a well-balanced overview
Download or read book Characterization of High Efficiency Neutron Detector Linear Arrays written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two types of high efficiency neutron detector arrays (HENDAs), a 32-channel planar device and two trenched devices, were constructed at Kansas State University (KSU) and characterized. These HENDAs are prototypes for a detector that will be developed for the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), which is located at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The general design objectives of a proposal from the KSU Semiconductor Materials and Radiological Technologies (SMART) Lab to the National Science Foundation, which led to a grant that funded this research, were reached. A spatial resolution for the HENDA prototypes of approximately 120 [Mu]m was achieved. The prototypes had relatively fast response times of approximately 1.2 [Mu]s, with rise times of 300 ns for the planar device and 200 ns for the 100-[Mu]m deep trenched device. The thermal neutron counting efficiency of one of the trenched devices was measured to be about 12%. It is expected that the goal of a 50% efficient HENDA is attainable by making trenches contained within the trenched device deeper and by stacking modules in a sandwich design. The pulse heights produced by the HENDA prototypes were approximately 0.5 volt with noise levels of 13 mvolt, resulting in a signal to noise ratio of almost 40:1. The response of HENDA, when placed in the neutron beam from the tangential beam port of the KSU TRIGA Mark II was proportional to the reactor power from 2 kW to 512 kW. At 512 kW, the neutron flux is [Phi] = 1.08x107 cm−2 s−1, and therefore HENDA can operate with negligible dead time at neutron fluxes beyond 107 cm−2 s−1. From the experimental results, HENDA is a valuable linear array detector and can be applied to experiments that are designed to study material properties and structures through methods such as neutron diffraction and imaging.
Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher : IAEA Radiation Technology Repo
ISBN 13 : 9789201251107
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (511 download)
Download or read book Neutron Generators for Analytical Purposes written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by IAEA Radiation Technology Repo. This book was released on 2012 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication addresses recent developments in neutron generator (NG) technology. It presents information on compact instruments with high neutron yield to be used for neutron activation analysis (NAA) and prompt gamma neutron activation analysis in combination with high count rate spectrometers. Traditional NGs have been shown to be effective for applications including borehole logging, homeland security, nuclear medicine and the on-line analysis of aluminium, coal and cement. Pulsed fast thermal neutron analysis, as well as tagged and timed neutron analysis, are additional techniques which can be applied using NG. Furthermore, NG can effectively be used for elemental analysis and is also effective for analysis of hidden materials by neutron radiography. Useful guidelines for developing NG based research laboratories are also provided in this publication.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Recent Developments in Neutron Detection and Multiplicity Counting with Liquid Scintillator written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many years at LLNL we have been developing time-correlated neutron detection techniques and algorithms for many applications including Arms Control, Threat Detection and Nuclear Material Assaying. Many of our techniques have been developed specifically for relatively low efficiency (a few %) inherent in the man-portable systems. Historically we used thermal neutron detectors (mainly 3He) taking advantage of the high thermal neutron interaction cross-sections but more recently we have been investigating fast neutron detection with liquid scintillators and inorganic crystals. We have discovered considerable detection advantages with fast neutron detection as the inherent nano-second production time-scales of fission and neutron induced fission are preserved instead of being lost in neutron thermalization required for thermal neutron detectors. We are now applying fast neutron technology (new fast and portable digital electronics as well as new faster and less hazardous scintillator formulations) to the safeguards regime and faster detector response times and neutron momentum sensitivity show promise in measuring, differentiating and assaying samples that have very high count rates as well as mixed fission sources (e.g. Cm and Pu). We report on measured results with our existing liquid scintillator array and progress on design of nuclear material assaying system that incorporates fast neutron detection.
Author : Erik English
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)
Download or read book Development of Front-end Electronics for Large Area Solid-state Neutron Detector Arrays written by Erik English and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : J. M. Carpenter
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521857813
Total Pages : 539 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)
Download or read book Elements of Slow-Neutron Scattering written by J. M. Carpenter and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-09-24 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to the fundamental theory and applications of slow-neutron scattering.
Author : Claus Grupen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642132715
Total Pages : 1251 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Particle Detection and Imaging written by Claus Grupen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-08 with total page 1251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The handbook centers on detection techniques in the field of particle physics, medical imaging and related subjects. It is structured into three parts. The first one is dealing with basic ideas of particle detectors, followed by applications of these devices in high energy physics and other fields. In the last part the large field of medical imaging using similar detection techniques is described. The different chapters of the book are written by world experts in their field. Clear instructions on the detection techniques and principles in terms of relevant operation parameters for scientists and graduate students are given.Detailed tables and diagrams will make this a very useful handbook for the application of these techniques in many different fields like physics, medicine, biology and other areas of natural science.
Author : Yacouba Diawara
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031365461
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)
Download or read book Neutron Detectors for Scattering Applications written by Yacouba Diawara and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-04 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the most common neutron detectors used in neutron scattering facilities and all of those in use at Oak Ridge National Lab. It starts describing the facilities, instruments and the critical detector parameters needed by various instruments. Then the key components of the 3He-based linear position-sensitive detectors as well as on their electronics, which require particular attention to signal processing and noise reduction, are introduced. One chapter is dedicated to the 3He alternatives where scintillators play a critical role. It also covers emerging neutron detection technologies including semiconductors, vacuum-based devices and their associated readouts, which will be required in the future for high rate and high-resolution neutron detectors. The authors explain the logic behind the choice of materials as well as the various constraints that neutron detectors must respect to be useful. Some of these constraints, such as efficiency and gamma-ray sensitivity are common to all neutron counters while others, like timing resolution, dynamic range, and peak counting rate, depend on the applications. The book guides experts, the nuclear science community, and young scholars through the physical processes and the required electronics in a way that is accessible for those not professionally involved in designing detector’s components and electronic circuits.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (469 download)
Download or read book Deutsches Syllabirbuch zur Erleichterung des gleichzeitigen Lese-und Erstes lesebuch für Kinder written by and published by . This book was released on 1862 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Stefano Atzeni
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 9780191524059
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (24 download)
Download or read book The Physics of Inertial Fusion written by Stefano Atzeni and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2004-06-03 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is on inertial confinement fusion, an alternative way to produce electrical power from hydrogen fuel by using powerful lasers or particle beams. It involves the compression of tiny amounts (micrograms) of fuel to thousand times solid density and pressures otherwise existing only in the centre of stars. Thanks to advances in laser technology, it is now possible to produce such extreme states of matter in the laboratory. Recent developments have boosted laser intensities again with new possibilities for laser particle accelerators, laser nuclear physics, and fast ignition of fusion targets. This is a reference book for those working on beam plasma physics, be it in the context of fundamental research or applications to fusion energy or novel ultra-bright laser sources. The book combines quite different areas of physics: beam target interaction, dense plasmas, hydrodynamic implosion and instabilities, radiative energy transfer as well as fusion reactions. Particular attention is given to simple and useful modelling, including dimensional analysis and similarity solutions. Both authors have worked in this field for more than 20 years. They want to address in particular those teaching this topic to students and all those interested in understanding the technical basis.
Author : Dan Gabriel Cacuci
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387981306
Total Pages : 3701 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (879 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Nuclear Engineering written by Dan Gabriel Cacuci and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 3701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an authoritative compilation of information regarding methods and data used in all phases of nuclear engineering. Addressing nuclear engineers and scientists at all levels, this book provides a condensed reference on nuclear engineering since 1958.
Author : Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Charged Particle Cross Sections written by Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
