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Development Of Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistors Of Ph An Ion Concentration Measurement
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Book Synopsis Development of Ion-sensitive Field Effect Transistors of PH an Ion Concentration Measurement by : C. R. Hoffman
Download or read book Development of Ion-sensitive Field Effect Transistors of PH an Ion Concentration Measurement written by C. R. Hoffman and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of Ion-sensitive Field Effect Transistors of PH and Ionic Concentration Measurement by : C. R. Hoffman
Download or read book Development of Ion-sensitive Field Effect Transistors of PH and Ionic Concentration Measurement written by C. R. Hoffman and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistors Applied to the Measurement of the PH of Brines by :
Download or read book Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistors Applied to the Measurement of the PH of Brines written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to measure the pH (the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion activity) of harsh fluids such as geothermal oil field brines is important, since pH is a fundamental property; as one chemist stated: very often pH is a critical test because its accuracy lays the foundation for other measurements''. In our research, we focus on the analysis of brines similar to those found in underground geothermal reservoirs. Since the brines are deep under the ground, the values of the pressure and the temperature are high (up to 14 Mpa and 150[degrees]C); therefore the usual methods of pH measurement, e.g., glass electrode, are not applicable. The hydrogen ion sensitive ISFET (Ion Selective Field Effect Transistor) was studied as a pH sensor in this research. An ISFET can detect the electrochemical potential difference between the solution and the semiconductor due to the concentration of H[sup +] ions in the solution. Because of its solid state construction, an ISFET should work properly under high pressure and high temperature conditions. Earlier results, have indicated that it is possible to use ISFETs under the harsh conditions presented by geothermal brines.
Book Synopsis Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistors Applied to the Measurement of the PH of Brines by : Jie Chen
Download or read book Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistors Applied to the Measurement of the PH of Brines written by Jie Chen and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development and Fabrication of Ion-sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET) for PH Detection, DNA Immobilization and Hybridization by :
Download or read book Development and Fabrication of Ion-sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET) for PH Detection, DNA Immobilization and Hybridization written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes the design, fabrication and characterization of ISFET for pH detection, DNA immobilization and hybridization.
Book Synopsis Ion Camera Development for Real-time Acquisition of Localised PH Responses Using the CMOS Based 64×64-pixel ISFET Sensor Array Technology by : Balázs Németh
Download or read book Ion Camera Development for Real-time Acquisition of Localised PH Responses Using the CMOS Based 64×64-pixel ISFET Sensor Array Technology written by Balázs Németh and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the development and test of an integrated ion camera chip for monitoring highly localised ion fluxes of electrochemical processes using an ion sensitive sensor array. Ionic concentration fluctuations are shown to travel across the sensor array as a result of citric acid injection and the BZ-reaction. The imaging capability of non-equilibrium chemical activities is also demonstrated monitoring self-assembling micrometre sized polyoxometalate tubular and membranous architectures. The sufficient spatial resolution for the visualisation of the 10-60 μm wide growing trajectories is provided by the dense sensor array containing 64×64 pixels. In the case of citric acid injection and the BZ-reaction the ion camera chip is shown to be able to resolve pH differences with resolution as low as the area of one pixel. As a result of the transient and volatile ionic fluxes high time resolution is required, thus the signal capturing can be performed in real.time at the maximum sampling rate of 40 μs per pixel, 10.2 ms per array. The extracted sensor data are reconstructed into ionic images and thus the ionic activities can be displayed as individual figures as well as continuous video recordings. This chip is the first prototype in the envisioned establishment of a fully automated CMOS based ion camera system which would be able to image the invisible activity of ions using a single microchip. In addition the capability of detecting ultra-low level pH oscillations in the extracellular space is demonstrated using cells of the slime mould organism. The detected pH oscillations with extent of ~0.022 pH furthermore raise the potential for observing fluctuations of ion currents in cell based tissue environments. The intrinsic noise of the sensor devices are measured to observe noise effect on the detected low level signals. It is experimentally shown that the used ion sensitive circuits, similarly to CMOS, also demonstrate 1/f noise. In addition the reference bias and pH sensitivity of the measured noise is confirmed. Corresponding to the measurement results the noise contribution is approximated with a 28.2 μV peak-to-peak level and related to the 450 μV +/- 70 μV peak-to-peak oscillations amplitudes of the slime mould. Thus a maximum intrinsic noise contribution of 6.2 +/- 1.2 % is calculated. A H+ flickering hypothesis is also presented that correlates the pH fluctuations on the surface of the device with the intrinsic 1/f noise. The ion camera chip was fabricated in an unmodified 4-metal 0.35 μm CMOS process and the ionic imaging technology was based on a 64 ×64-pixel ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) array. The high-speed and synchronous operation of the 4096 ISFET sensors occupying 715.8×715.8 μm space provided a spatial resolution as low as one pixel. Each pixel contained 4 transistors with 10.2×10.2 μm layout dimensions and the pixels were separated by a 1 μm separation gap. The ion sensitive silicon nitride based passivation layer was in contact with the floating gates of the ISFET sensors. It allowed the capacitive measurements of localised changes in the ionic concentrations, e.g. pH, pNa, on the surface of the chip. The device showed an average ionic sensitivity of 20 mV/pH and 9 mV/pNa. The packaging and encapsulation was carried out using PGA-100 chip carriers and two-component epoxies. Custom designed printed circuit boards (PCBs) were used to provide interface between the ISFET array chip and the data acquisition system. The data acquisition and extraction part of the developed software system was based on LabVIEW, the data processing was carried out on Matlab platform.
Book Synopsis Ion-sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET) for MEMS Multisensory Chips at RIT by : Murat Baylav
Download or read book Ion-sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET) for MEMS Multisensory Chips at RIT written by Murat Baylav and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This study involves the design and fabrication of an Ion-Sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET), which is aimed to be incorporated into the multisensory chips fabricated at RIT. ISFETs are used for various purposes in biomedical, medicine, and chemical applications and have advantages such as small size, low power consumption, robustness, and fast response time, over the ion-selective electrode (ISE) counterparts. The capability of fabricating ISFETs in a standard CMOS process let them to be used in sensor systems together with the dedicated signal processing circuitry which in turn makes portable applications possible. The ISFET fabricated in this study have a SiO2 gate oxide and on top of that a Si3N4 layer. The latter layer, in addition to passivating the device, serves as a pH sensitive membrane. The overall process has 5 mask levels and the electrical tests, which were performed using buffer solutions with varying pH values, indicated that the transistor can be employed to measure the pH of solutions. ISFETs were also tested against environmental conditions such as temperature, long term exposure to various pH-valued solutions and it is found out that the FETs are quite robust in terms of temperature stability and long term drift. In addition to their pH sensing properties, these devices were also taken one step ahead to sense chloride ion (Cl-) concentration via preparing a Cl--sensitive membrane stacked on top of the Si3N4 layer. Electrical tests, which were performed in solutions with various Cl- concentrations, showed that the modified ISFETs are also Cl- sensitive."--Abstract.
Book Synopsis Development of an Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistor Process for Research and Teaching by : Seng Fatt Chin
Download or read book Development of an Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistor Process for Research and Teaching written by Seng Fatt Chin and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis In Vivo Multiple Ion Measurement Using Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistors by : Brent Robert Busey
Download or read book In Vivo Multiple Ion Measurement Using Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistors written by Brent Robert Busey and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Graphene Field-Effect Transistors by : Omar Azzaroni
Download or read book Graphene Field-Effect Transistors written by Omar Azzaroni and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-10-16 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Graphene Field-Effect Transistors In-depth resource on making and using graphene field effect transistors for point-of-care diagnostic devices Graphene Field-Effect Transistors focuses on the design, fabrication, characterization, and applications of graphene field effect transistors, summarizing the state-of-the-art in the field and putting forward new ideas regarding future research directions and potential applications. After a review of the unique electronic properties of graphene and the production of graphene and graphene oxide, the main part of the book is devoted to the fabrication of graphene field effect transistors and their sensing applications. Graphene Field-Effect Transistors includes information on: Electronic properties of graphene, production of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide, and graphene functionalization Fundamentals and fabrication of graphene field effect transistors, and nanomaterial/graphene nanostructure-based field-effect transistors Graphene field-effect transistors integrated with microfluidic platforms and flexible graphene field-effect transistors Graphene field-effect transistors for diagnostics applications, and DNA biosensors and immunosensors based on graphene field-effect transistors Graphene field-effect transistors for targeting cancer molecules, brain activity recording, bacterial detection, and detection of smell and taste Providing both fundamentals of the technology and an in-depth overview of using graphene field effect transistors for fabricating bioelectronic devices that can be applied for point-of-care diagnostics, Graphene Field-Effect Transistors is an essential reference for materials scientists, engineering scientists, laboratory medics, and biotechnologists.
Book Synopsis The Technical Foundations of IoT by : Boris Adryan
Download or read book The Technical Foundations of IoT written by Boris Adryan and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2017-06-30 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive new resource presents a technical introduction to the components, architecture, software, and protocols of IoT. This book is especially catered to those who are interested in researching, developing, and building IoT. The book covers the physics of electricity and electromagnetism laying the foundation for understanding the components of modern electronics and computing. Readers learn about the fundamental properties of matter along with security and privacy issues related to IoT. From the launch of the internet from ARPAnet in the 1960s to recent connected gadgets, this book highlights the integration of IoT in various verticals such as industry, smart cities, connected vehicles, and smart and assisted living. The overall design patterns, issues with UX and UI, and different network topologies related to architectures of M2M and IoT solutions are explored. Product development, power options for IoT devices, including battery chemistry, actuators from simple buzzers to complex stepper motors, and sensors from gyroscopes to the electrical sensing of organic compounds are covered. Hardware development, sensors, and embedded systems are discussed in detail. This book offers insight into the software components that impinge on IoT solutions, development, network protocols, backend software, data analytics and conceptual interoperability.
Book Synopsis Medical Instrumentation by : John G. Webster
Download or read book Medical Instrumentation written by John G. Webster and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-02-03 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides biomedical engineers with the premiere reference on medical instrumentation as well as a comprehensive overview of the basic concepts. The revised edition features new material on infant apnea monitors, impedance pneumography, the design of cardiac pacemakers, and disposable defibrillator electrodes and their standards. Each chapter includes new problems and updated reference material that cover the latest medical technologies. The chapters have also been revised with new material in medical imaging, providing biomedical engineers with the most current techniques in the field.
Book Synopsis Characterization, Modeling, and Correction of Threshold Voltage Instability in PH-sensitive Ion-selective Field Effect Transistors (ISFET's) by : Shahriar Jamasb
Download or read book Characterization, Modeling, and Correction of Threshold Voltage Instability in PH-sensitive Ion-selective Field Effect Transistors (ISFET's) written by Shahriar Jamasb and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Single-Use Technology in Biopharmaceutical Manufacture by : Regine Eibl
Download or read book Single-Use Technology in Biopharmaceutical Manufacture written by Regine Eibl and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-07-24 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authoritative guide to the principles, characteristics, engineering aspects, economics, and applications of disposables in the manufacture of biopharmaceuticals The revised and updated second edition of Single-Use Technology in Biopharmaceutical Manufacture offers a comprehensive examination of the most-commonly used disposables in the manufacture of biopharmaceuticals. The authors—noted experts on the topic—provide the essential information on the principles, characteristics, engineering aspects, economics, and applications. This authoritative guide contains the basic knowledge and information about disposable equipment. The author also discusses biopharmaceuticals’ applications through the lens of case studies that clearly illustrate the role of manufacturing, quality assurance, and environmental influences. This updated second edition revises existing information with recent developments that have taken place since the first edition was published. The book also presents the latest advances in the field of single-use technology and explores topics including applying single-use devices for microorganisms, human mesenchymal stem cells, and T-cells. This important book: • Contains an updated and end-to-end view of the development and manufacturing of single-use biologics • Helps in the identification of appropriate disposables and relevant vendors • Offers illustrative case studies that examine manufacturing, quality assurance, and environmental influences • Includes updated coverage on cross-functional/transversal dependencies, significant improvements made by suppliers, and the successful application of the single-use technologies Written for biopharmaceutical manufacturers, process developers, and biological and chemical engineers, Single-Use Technology in Biopharmaceutical Manufacture, 2nd Edition provides the information needed for professionals to come to an easier decision for or against disposable alternatives and to choose the appropriate system.
Book Synopsis Nanowire Field Effect Transistors: Principles and Applications by : Dae Mann Kim
Download or read book Nanowire Field Effect Transistors: Principles and Applications written by Dae Mann Kim and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-23 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Nanowire Field Effect Transistor: Basic Principles and Applications” places an emphasis on the application aspects of nanowire field effect transistors (NWFET). Device physics and electronics are discussed in a compact manner, together with the p-n junction diode and MOSFET, the former as an essential element in NWFET and the latter as a general background of the FET. During this discussion, the photo-diode, solar cell, LED, LD, DRAM, flash EEPROM and sensors are highlighted to pave the way for similar applications of NWFET. Modeling is discussed in close analogy and comparison with MOSFETs. Contributors focus on processing, electrostatic discharge (ESD) and application of NWFET. This includes coverage of solar and memory cells, biological and chemical sensors, displays and atomic scale light emitting diodes. Appropriate for scientists and engineers interested in acquiring a working knowledge of NWFET as well as graduate students specializing in this subject.
Book Synopsis Advances in Agronomy by : Donald L. Sparks
Download or read book Advances in Agronomy written by Donald L. Sparks and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-09-28 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Agronomy continues to be recognized as a leading reference and a first-rate source for the latest research in agronomy. As always, the subjects covered are varied and exemplary of the myriad of subject matter dealt with by this long-running serial. Maintains the highest impact factor among serial publications in agriculture Presents timely reviews on important agronomy issues Enjoys a long-standing reputation for excellence in the field
Book Synopsis Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 48 by : Inamuddin
Download or read book Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 48 written by Inamuddin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-21 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews advanced techniques for the determination of pesticide residues, with focus on extraction, detectors and cleaning protocols. Chapters also discuss pesticide occurrence, toxicity and remediation.
