Development of Inlet and Vacuum Ionization Methods for Characterization of Biological Materials by Mass Spectrometry

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (919 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of Inlet and Vacuum Ionization Methods for Characterization of Biological Materials by Mass Spectrometry by : Beixi Wang

Download or read book Development of Inlet and Vacuum Ionization Methods for Characterization of Biological Materials by Mass Spectrometry written by Beixi Wang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inlet ionization and vacuum ionization are novel ionization methods to produce electrospray ionization (ESI)-like ions from the solid or liquid states, operating from atmospheric pressure (AP) or vacuum, without the use of voltage or the necessity of high energy input such as a laser or particle beam. The fundamental aspects were probed for better understanding of the novel ionization processes. Initial applications were attempted to utilize the novel ionization methods for fast, robust, and quantitative analyses. For inlet ionizations (laserspray ionization inlet, LSII; matrix assisted ionization inlet, MAII; and solvent assisted ionization inlet, SAII), small (e.g. drugs) to large (e.g. proteins) non-volatile molecules are ionized with the assistance of heat and pressure drop, and are operated from AP. The ease of operation, rapidness of data acquisition, and simplicity of coupling with other techniques achieved by SAII, have enabled the inlet ionization for high throughput multiplexing analyses, hyphenation with liquid chromatography (especially at low flow rates), and fast surface assessment and drug quantifications. LSII has been utilized together with solvent-free sample preparation and solvent-free gas-phase separation for total solvent-free analysis. The production of multiply charged ions from solid states by vacuum ionization was utilized to encompass the advantages from ESI and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), for better characterization from surfaces and extending the mass range of high performance mass spectrometers. Operating from AP provides the potential for vacuum ionization to be applied in high throughput analysis. The continuous ion formation also benefits matrix assisted ionization vacuum (MAIV) for drug quantification with better reproducibility.

Mass Spectrometry in Polymer Chemistry

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527641831
Total Pages : 501 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Mass Spectrometry in Polymer Chemistry by : Christopher Barner-Kowollik

Download or read book Mass Spectrometry in Polymer Chemistry written by Christopher Barner-Kowollik and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-01-27 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining an up-to-date insight into mass-spectrometric polymer analysis beyond MALDI with application details of the instrumentation, this is a balanced and thorough presentation of the most important and widely used mass-spectrometric methods. Written by the world's most proficient experts in the field, the book focuses on the latest developments, covering such technologies and applications as ionization protocols, tandem and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, gas-phase ion-separation techniques and automated data processing. Chapters on sample preparation, polymer degradation and the usage of mass-spectrometric tools on an industrial scale round off the book. As a result, both entrants to the field and experienced researchers are able to choose the appropriate methods and instrumentations -- and to assess their respective strengths and limitations -- for the characterization of polymer compounds.

Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry

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Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1849739269
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)

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Book Synopsis Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry by : Marek Domin

Download or read book Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry written by Marek Domin and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2014-11-25 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ambient ionization has emerged as one of the hottest and fastest growing topics in mass spectrometry enabling sample analysis with minimal sample preparation. Introducing the subject and explaining the basic concepts and terminology, this book will provide a comprehensive, unique treatise devoted to the subject. Written by acknowledged experts, there are full descriptions on how new ionization techniques work, with an overview of their strengths, weaknesses and applications. This title will bring the reader right up to date, with both applications and theory, and will be suitable as a tutorial text for those starting in the field from a variety of disciplines.

Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry

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Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1849739269
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)

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Book Synopsis Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry by : Marek Domin

Download or read book Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry written by Marek Domin and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2014-11-25 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ambient ionization has emerged as one of the hottest and fastest growing topics in mass spectrometry enabling sample analysis with minimal sample preparation. Introducing the subject and explaining the basic concepts and terminology, this book will provide a comprehensive, unique treatise devoted to the subject. Written by acknowledged experts, there are full descriptions on how new ionization techniques work, with an overview of their strengths, weaknesses and applications. This title will bring the reader right up to date, with both applications and theory, and will be suitable as a tutorial text for those starting in the field from a variety of disciplines.

Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry in Life Sciences

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128172215
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry in Life Sciences by : Kei Zaitsu

Download or read book Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry in Life Sciences written by Kei Zaitsu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-06 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry in Life Sciences: Principles and Applications is a systematic introduction to this rapidly expanding area of study. Underlying principles of each technique are explained in detail, along with discussions on their applications across life science disciplines. Ambient ionization has recently emerged as one of the hottest and fastest growing topics in mass spectrometry, hence this book is not just for analysts and researchers who use and study mass spectrometry. This volume would be of interest to anyone who works in or studies analytical chemistry, omics sciences (including metabolomics), pharmacokinetics, forensic science or drug analysis. Covers the most up-to-date techniques, including DART, DCBI, DESI, PESI, PSI, REIMS and laser-based ambient ionization Includes easy-to-understand pros and cons of each ionization technique to aid in decision-making Provides plentiful examples of life science applications

Molecular Characterization of Biological Samples by Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry to Advance Clinical Assessment of Human Disease

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Characterization of Biological Samples by Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry to Advance Clinical Assessment of Human Disease by : Kyana Yvette Garza

Download or read book Molecular Characterization of Biological Samples by Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry to Advance Clinical Assessment of Human Disease written by Kyana Yvette Garza and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ambient ionization mass spectrometry (MS) approaches have revolutionized the way diagnostic molecular information can be obtained from biological and clinical samples, requiring minimal to no sample pretreatment, being operationally simple, and most importantly, providing near real time assessment of molecular information directly from biospecimens. Ambient ionization approaches have been widely applied to various clinical applications including screening of inborn errors of metabolism, therapeutic drug monitoring, and disease diagnosis and subtyping, with the goal of evaluating their use for addressing complex challenges in human health. Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) MS is the most extensively used ambient ionization method for the investigation of molecular changes in tissue biospecimens, showing great potential for providing complimentary information to routine histopathology. Since its inception, a variety of other ambient ionization MS methods have been developed, with newer techniques, such as the MasSpec Pen, envisioned for the intraoperative analysis of in vivo and ex vivo tissue specimen during surgery. This dissertation describes the development and application of ambient ionization MS methods for the investigation of various human diseases. Chapter 2 provides discussion on the robustness of DESI-MS for breast cancer tissue section evaluation and receptor status determination in a multi-center study, providing evidence of its potential use to compliment routine histopathological assessment. Chapter 3 describes the optimization of DESI-MS to expand the molecular information obtained from a single tissue section, demonstrating for the first time the detection of proteins directly from tissue sections by DESI-MS. Chapters 4 and 5 discuss the clinical translation of the MasSpec Pen into an operating room for feasibility testing as well as the evaluation of the technology for improving intraoperative surgical margin evaluation during breast cancer surgeries. Lastly, Chapter 6 discusses the modification of the MasSpec Pen to better analyze clinical nasal swabs and its application toward screening of COVID-19 disease using lipid information

Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry

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Publisher : Momentum Press
ISBN 13 : 1606505890
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (65 download)

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Book Synopsis Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry by : Fred Stevie

Download or read book Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry written by Fred Stevie and published by Momentum Press. This book was released on 2015-09-15 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was written to explain a technique that requires an understanding of many details in order to properly obtain and interpret the data obtained. It also will serve as a reference for those who need to provide SIMS data. The book has over 200 figures and the references allow one to trace development of SIMS and understand the many details of the technique.

Development of Microscopy Ambient Ionization Top-down Mass Spectrometry

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781321138054
Total Pages : 155 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of Microscopy Ambient Ionization Top-down Mass Spectrometry by : Cheng-Chih Hsu

Download or read book Development of Microscopy Ambient Ionization Top-down Mass Spectrometry written by Cheng-Chih Hsu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an immense cellular and molecular heterogeneity in biological system. For example, during the embryonic development, the progenitor cells could differentiate into varieties type of cell due to the gradient of chemical stimulus. Once the cell fate is determined, the metabolomics and proteomic features of the cell will subsequently alter. Knowing the details of the molecular interplays between cellular and chemical heterogeneities is crucial in the understanding of the complex biological system. Mass spectrometry, provides a way of label-free strategy to obtain the chemical information. In the recent decades, considerable amounts of new ionization methods were developed for the use of mass spectrometric analysis on biological system. Among those methods, those so-called "soft ionization" techniques, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption (MALDI) and electrospray ionization (ESI), have been greatly utilized for biomedical studies. However, some technical limitations currently hinder the application to the more general biology society. First, the spatial mass spectrometric measurement is solely based on passive imaging processes. In this regard, a real-time chemical investigation guided by the histological measurement, e.g. optical microscopy, is difficult. Second, high sensitive instruments that allow detection of full molecular weight range, e.g. covering small metabolites, lipids, and proteins, are rare and hardly used for imaging. Third, ionization methods for surface analysis are challenging for soft biological samples, e.g. bacterial colonies, at their native states. My thesis work is the development of mass spectrometry-based tools that are less limited by the abovementioned aspects and to extend the potential use of mass spectrometry. In Chapter 1, I will briefly review the current progress of the development on ambient ionization techniques as well as the emergence of their applications to biological system. Chapter 2 describes how I interfaced an inverted fluorescence microscope with an ambient ionization source (nanoDESI) so that the molecular information was obtained via the guidance of microscope directly on glass slides. Endogenous molecules as large as hemoglobin could be characterized without immunostaining. This is for the first time that proteins on ex vivo tissue sections could be identified using ambient mass spectrometry. Using this platform we found unique molecular patterns that only express at certain embryonic stages. In Chapter 3 a new ways of microbial metabolomics are introduced using a different surface flow-probe. Chapter 4 we further applied the microscope-mass spectrometry interface to study bats with white-nose syndrome. Key molecules that may be causal to the devastating disease are found. Lastly, Chapter 5 put forth a future direction how tools described in the thesis can be extended to cancer pathology.

Ionization Methods in Organic Mass Spectrometry

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Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 184755119X
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (475 download)

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Book Synopsis Ionization Methods in Organic Mass Spectrometry by : Alison E Ashcroft

Download or read book Ionization Methods in Organic Mass Spectrometry written by Alison E Ashcroft and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ionization Methods in Organic Mass Spectrometry is a basic practical guide for scientists of all disciplines who wish to analyse samples by organic mass spectrometry. Concentrating on instrumental operation, this book gives step-by-step instructions on how to set up, and how to achieve the best results, using a range of ionization methods, including atmospheric pressure chemical ionization, electrospray ionization and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization. Ionization Methods in Organic Mass Spectrometry will enable a beginner, or practitioner with limited experience, to choose the most appropriate ionization technique in application areas such as biomolecules, drugs and metabolites, pesticides, polymers and many other organic compounds. It will be a valuable practical guide for technicians, graduates, students or researchers - or indeed anyone new to practical organic mass spectrometry.

Fundamental Study and Method Development for Surface-based Laser Desorption Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (681 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamental Study and Method Development for Surface-based Laser Desorption Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry by :

Download or read book Fundamental Study and Method Development for Surface-based Laser Desorption Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By providing both the chemical identity and the spatial organization of each component in biological samples, Imaging Mass Spectrometry (IMS) becomes an emerging tool in clinic and pharmacological study. Most work in IMS has been focused on protein and peptide mapping in biological samples to take advantage of effective analyte ionization in MALDI-MS, and also partially due to the limitation of MALDI-MS in small molecule detection. The focus of my research is to develop novel tools to image spatial distribution of small molecules in biological samples. A surface-based mass spectrometric imaging method, i.e. Desorption/Ionization on Silicon (DIOS), was used for biological surface analysis in the concept-proof investigation. More over, possible proton transferring pathways and impact of local chemical environment have been systematically investigated in the fundamental understanding of ionization mechanism of SALDI-MS. Based on the finding on the SALDI mechanism, a hybrid ionization approach, ME-SALDI has been developed by combing the strength of the conventional MALDI matrix and SALDI, where the improved detection sensitivity with reduced matrix-analyte interference and the improved imaging capability through analysis of mouse brain and heart sections has been demonstrated. In addition, the impact of vacuum stability of matrix in ME-SALDI-IMS applications has been examined. A solvent free, homogenous and reproducible sublimation method has been developed for ionic matrix in ME-SALDI, by which improved vacuum stability and MS detection have been achieved. Furthermore, a new generation of meso-porous oxide substrate was developed as a novel ME-SALDI substrate with a superior storage stability, extended detectable mass range and robust substrate preparation.

The Expanding Role of Mass Spectrometry in Biotechnology

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780974245126
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (451 download)

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Book Synopsis The Expanding Role of Mass Spectrometry in Biotechnology by : Gary Siuzdak

Download or read book The Expanding Role of Mass Spectrometry in Biotechnology written by Gary Siuzdak and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers the basic concepts in mass spectrometry as well as advanced topics including protein identification/protein structural analysis, carbohydrate and oligonucleotide analysis. Topics also include pharmacokinetics, high throughput screening, and the recent development of mass spectrometry in clinical diagnosis.

Development of Substrate-based Ambient Ionization Techniques for Direct Sampling by Mass Spectrometry

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of Substrate-based Ambient Ionization Techniques for Direct Sampling by Mass Spectrometry by : Sierra Jackson

Download or read book Development of Substrate-based Ambient Ionization Techniques for Direct Sampling by Mass Spectrometry written by Sierra Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass spectrometry (MS) has evolved into one of the most important methods for the characterization and detection of biological and chemical molecules. The development of soft ionization methods such as electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) have made these applications possible. However, the requirement for extensive sample preparation has limited analyses that require complex sampling. These limitations in the analysis process have led to the expansion of ambient ionization mass spectrometry. This dissertation describes the development and optimization of novel ambient ionization methods that rely on porous/cellulose-based substrates such as thread and paper. Chapter 2 depicts a thread spray ionization method with forensic serology applications. Thread spray ionization enables direct analysis of trace levels of blood on textiles without extensive sample preparation reducing backlog seen in many criminal laboratories. This dissertation describes the successful implementation of thread spray as a rapid presumptive method of blood-stained textiles through the identification of heme in whole blood. Thread spray ionization is also a suitable confirmatory method through the direct differentiation of human, canine, and horse blood by determining the species’ specific phospholipid lipid profiles. Chapter 3 outlines thread spray ionization as a rapid in situ method for detection of agrochemicals in complex matrices such as surface water and foodstuff. Determination of pesticide residues in a wide variety of matrices is an ongoing challenge due to small quantities of analytes and substantial amounts of interfering substances that can be coextracted with the analytes. In this chapter, we detail the use of a nano-thread spray mass spectrometry approach that utilizes a nano spray like emitter, as opposed to the traditional thread spray ionization apparatus, to enhance on-thread separation of agrochemicals and environmental matrices. This analysis was used for the detection of glyphosate (GLYP) and its metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in surface water. Nano thread spray ionization was then used for the detection of the pesticides diphenylamine (DPA) and thiabendazole on the surface and cores of post-harvest dipped fruits. Chapter 4 describes the development and optimization of a 3-dimensional (3D) wax-printed microfluidic paper-based analytical device, μPAD, for multiplexed disease detection. The 3D wax-printed μPAD is designed for on-line sample splitting, reagent storage, and MS analysis via stacking different layers of two-dimensional (2D) wax-printed paper substrates together. Assembled devices’ transport efficiency were evaluated using Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA-FITC), where μPADs efficiently transported BSA-FITC through devices. We believe the proof-of-concept 3D wax-printed μPAD described in this chapter will be capable of direct multiplex analysis for paper-based immunoassay in resource-limited settings.

Principles of Forensic Toxicology

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Publisher : Amer. Assoc. for Clinical Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 9781890883874
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (838 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Forensic Toxicology by : Barry Levine

Download or read book Principles of Forensic Toxicology written by Barry Levine and published by Amer. Assoc. for Clinical Chemistry. This book was released on 2003 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Laser Desorption/ionization Mass Spectrometry for Direct Profiling and Imaging of Small Molecules from Raw Biological Materials

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Laser Desorption/ionization Mass Spectrometry for Direct Profiling and Imaging of Small Molecules from Raw Biological Materials by :

Download or read book Laser Desorption/ionization Mass Spectrometry for Direct Profiling and Imaging of Small Molecules from Raw Biological Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization(MALDI) mass spectrometry(MS) has been widely used for analysis of biological molecules, especially macromolecules such as proteins. However, MALDI MS has a problem in small molecule (less than 1 kDa) analysis because of the signal saturation by organic matrixes in the low mass region. In imaging MS (IMS), inhomogeneous surface formation due to the co-crystallization process by organic MALDI matrixes limits the spatial resolution of the mass spectral image. Therefore, to make laser desorption/ionization (LDI) MS more suitable for mass spectral profiling and imaging of small molecules directly from raw biological tissues, LDI MS protocols with various alternative assisting materials were developed and applied to many biological systems of interest. Colloidal graphite was used as a matrix for IMS of small molecules for the first time and methodologies for analyses of small metabolites in rat brain tissues, fruits, and plant tissues were developed. With rat brain tissues, the signal enhancement for cerebroside species by colloidal graphite was observed and images of cerebrosides were successfully generated by IMS. In addition, separation of isobaric lipid ions was performed by imaging tandem MS. Directly from Arabidopsis flowers, flavonoids were successfully profiled and heterogeneous distribution of flavonoids in petals was observed for the first time by graphite-assisted LDI(GALDI) IMS.

MALDI Mass Spectrometry for Synthetic Polymer Analysis

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470567228
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (75 download)

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Book Synopsis MALDI Mass Spectrometry for Synthetic Polymer Analysis by : Liang Li

Download or read book MALDI Mass Spectrometry for Synthetic Polymer Analysis written by Liang Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-10-22 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles and Practices of Polymer Mass Spectrometry helps readers acquire the skills necessary for selecting the optimal methods, handling samples, analyzing the data, and interpreting the results of the mass spectrometry of polymers. This guide describes the principles of polymer MS and best practices in polymer characterization. It discusses different approaches, including MALDI, ESI, TOF MS, and FT-MS. It provides a guide to developing appropriate sample preparation protocols for different polymers. Complete with examples of applications and experiments, this is an excellent reference for scientists, researchers, graduate students, and others.

Development and Characterization of an Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Source Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization Coupled to Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Biological Macromolecules

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (656 download)

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Book Synopsis Development and Characterization of an Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Source Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization Coupled to Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Biological Macromolecules by :

Download or read book Development and Characterization of an Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Source Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization Coupled to Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Biological Macromolecules written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of mass spectrometry has grown tremendously over the past few decades due in large part to the continued application to new and interesting areas of exploration. The advent of soft ionization sources such as electrospray ionization and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization have dramatically increased the capabilities of mass spectrometry and increased the amount of information derived from biological samples. As a result, there has been tremendous growth in the development of new ionization source technology in recent years. One of the main driving forces behind the development of new ionization technology is for the reduction of sample preparation required prior to analysis, yielding high throughput sample analysis. Demonstrated herein is the development and characterization of an atmospheric pressure ionization source called matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (MALDESI). MALDESI is a hybrid combination of MALDI and ESI which utilizes laser desorption with electrospray postionization for the generation of multiply-charged ions. Multiply-charged ions are of particular importance when using Fourier transform mass spectrometry, due to the increase in resolving power and mass accuracy with increasing charge on the molecule. Top-down characterization of intact polypeptides is demonstrated as well as high mass accuracy utilizing internal calibration. A newly designed highly robust and versatile atmospheric pressure ionization platform is developed and described in detail. Solid- and liquid state analysis of three out of the four classes of biological molecules is demonstrated utilizing the newly developed versatile ionization platform. MALDESI utilizing ultraviolet and infrared laser desorption is demonstrated at various wavelengths (UV, 337 nm and 349 nm and IR, 2.94 Ã'Âæm and 10.6 Ã'Âæm) with and without ESI postionization for the generation of multiply-charged ions. The characteristics of liquid-state samples are described as a mac.

Soft Ionization Biological Mass Spectrometry

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Soft Ionization Biological Mass Spectrometry by : H. R. Morris

Download or read book Soft Ionization Biological Mass Spectrometry written by H. R. Morris and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: