Development of a Screening Model for the Migration of Contaminated Soil Vapor Into the Indoor Air Environment

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of a Screening Model for the Migration of Contaminated Soil Vapor Into the Indoor Air Environment by : Matthew Daniel Jordan

Download or read book Development of a Screening Model for the Migration of Contaminated Soil Vapor Into the Indoor Air Environment written by Matthew Daniel Jordan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The migration of contaminants from the subsurface into the indoor air environment, in a process described as soil vapor intrusion, is gaining attention as a potential pathway for exposure to contaminated soil and water. Indoor, outdoor and soil air samples were collected from forty homes in North Texas to investigate the attenuation of trichloroethylene (TCE) from contaminated groundwater into residential buildings. The mean and standard deviation of the soil and indoor air attenuation factors (ratio of indoor air concentration to soil vapor concentration) were 0.14 and 0.17, respectively. Five of the 40 values were greater than 0.1 which is the suggested upper-bound by the U.S. EPA (2002). Statistical tools were used to draw correlative relationships between contaminant groundwater, soil air and indoor air concentrations. The VolaSoil model described by Waitz et al. (1996), was modified for use as a screening tool for future investigations of indoor TCE concentration. Using measured soil vapor data, the model under predicted indoor air TCE concentrations likely due to heterogeneities in the unsaturated subsurface. Inputting groundwater TCE concentrations, the model was able to capture the contaminant migration processes and produce results consistent with measured indoor TCE concentrations. Therefore, the model described in this paper maybe appropriate to be use as a screening tool in future investigations in the contamination area.

Accuracy of Three Screening-level Vapor Intrusion Models for Indoor Air

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 117 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (946 download)

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Book Synopsis Accuracy of Three Screening-level Vapor Intrusion Models for Indoor Air by :

Download or read book Accuracy of Three Screening-level Vapor Intrusion Models for Indoor Air written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vapor intrusion models were developed to predict indoor air concentrations from subsurface sources and then calculate an associated risk using toxicological data and exposure scenarios for the building occupants. Prior to the issuance of final guidance documents in 2015, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) guidance on vapor intrusion was in draft form since November 2002. This delay between the draft version and the final guidelines resulted in the utilization of varying methodologies for assessing vapor intrusion by the regulated community and as well as the regulators at both state and local levels. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of screening-level vapor intrusion models, using soil vapor samples collected from three sites with known or suspected contamination, and to compare the predicted indoor air results with measured indoor air results. The models evaluated were the County of San Diego Department of Environmental Health Vapor Risk 2000 Model, the Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) version of the Johnson and Ettinger Model (J&E Model), and the USEPA, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER), Vapor Intrusion Screening Level Calculator (VISLC). The results of this study found that the Vapor Risk 2000 Model more accurately predicts indoor air concentrations, followed by the J&E Model and VISLC. While the Vapor Risk 2000 Model more closely predicts the indoor air concentration, it does have a tendency to underpredict. Due to the underpredictions, there is more potential for false negatives (i.e., screening out sites that do have a potential for vapor intrusion. Similar to previous studies, this study found the Vapor Risk 2000 and J&E Models both over and under predict the indoor air concentrations. This may not necessarily be a reflection on the model’s prediction ability, but rather the complexity of vapor intrusion and the confounders of indoor air. Combined with additional lines of evidence (e.g., indoor air sampling), these screening-level vapor intrusion models can assist decision makers in screening in or out sites that are susceptible to vapor intrusion.

Soil Screening Guidance

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Soil Screening Guidance by :

Download or read book Soil Screening Guidance written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Vapor Intrusion Modeling

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 127 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Vapor Intrusion Modeling by : Jessica Marie Friscia

Download or read book Vapor Intrusion Modeling written by Jessica Marie Friscia and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vapor intrusion is the migration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from a subsurface source into the indoor air of an overlying building. Vapor intrusion models, including the Johnson and Ettinger (J&E) model, can be used to predict the concentration of VOCs in the indoor air of a building based on a measured subsurface soil gas concentration or contaminant source concentrations, either in non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL), groundwater, or soil. An analysis of two of the EPA-implemented J&E spreadsheet models, one that considers subsurface soil gas data and one that considers groundwater data, was conducted. The governing equations, assumptions, and limitations of these spreadsheet models were investigated. A value of information (Vol) worksheet was developed that can assist practitioners in deciding what additional data to collect as part of a remedial investigation. The Vol worksheet calculates how varying values of model input parameters affect the model-predicted indoor air carcinogenic risk. The worksheet then compares the user-defined target risk to the range of potential risk values for different combinations of varying parameters. The results of this analysis allow the user to determine which groups of parameters have the most impact on the model results. This information can assist the practitioner in deciding whether or not to collect additional data to reduce the uncertainty in the input parameters. The EPA J&E soil gas and groundwater spreadsheet models, as well as the Vol worksheet developed for each model, were applied to case study data for a trichloroethylene-impacted site in Rhode Island. The results of the J&E model and Vol worksheet analyses for this case study predicted incremental carcinogenic risk values for trichloroethylene (TCE) below the risk value calculated based on measured indoor air data. This comparison suggests the potential for other sources of TCE within the building. Groups of parameters were identified for each model that impacted the model-predicted carcinogenic risk. The development of a cost-benefit analysis, which would be used to quantify the value of obtaining additional data for these critical parameters, is recommended for future research.

Vapor Intrusion Simulations and Risk Assessments

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789811927027
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (27 download)

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Book Synopsis Vapor Intrusion Simulations and Risk Assessments by : Yijun Yao

Download or read book Vapor Intrusion Simulations and Risk Assessments written by Yijun Yao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2023-07-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces key concepts in modeling and risk assessments of vapor intrusion, a process by which the subsurface volatile contaminants migrate into the building of concern. Soil vapor intrusion is the major exposure pathway for building occupants to chemicals from the subsurface, and its risk assessments determine the criteria of volatile contaminants in soil/groundwater in brownfield redevelopment. The chapters feature the recent advances in vapor intrusion studies and practices, including analytical and numerical modeling of vapor intrusion, statistical findings of United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Vapor Intrusion Database and Petroleum Vapor Intrusion Databases, the challenges of preferential pathways, and the application of building pressure cycling methods, and field practices of vapor intrusion risk assessments at developed contaminated sites and in brownfield redevelopment. This volume also summarizes the advantages and limits of current applications in vapor intrusion risk assessment, laying the groundwork for future research of better understanding in risk characterization of soil vapor intrusion using models. Written by experts in this field, Vapor Intrusion Simulations and Risk Assessments will serve as an invaluable reference for researchers, regulators, and practitioners, who are interested in perceiving the basic knowledge and current advances in risk assessments of soil vapor intrusion.

Vapor Intrusion of Contamination from Soil and Groundwater Into Indoor Air

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Vapor Intrusion of Contamination from Soil and Groundwater Into Indoor Air by :

Download or read book Vapor Intrusion of Contamination from Soil and Groundwater Into Indoor Air written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2014

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1198 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2014 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies

Download or read book Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2014 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 1198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Evaluation of the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality's Generic Groundwater and Soil Volitization to Indoor Air Inhalation Criteria

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality's Generic Groundwater and Soil Volitization to Indoor Air Inhalation Criteria by :

Download or read book Evaluation of the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality's Generic Groundwater and Soil Volitization to Indoor Air Inhalation Criteria written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Energy Research Abstracts

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 782 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Energy Research Abstracts by :

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Proposed Guidance for Addressing Vapor Intrusion as a Component of Superfund's Hazard Ranking System

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis A Proposed Guidance for Addressing Vapor Intrusion as a Component of Superfund's Hazard Ranking System by : Jeff Polubinski

Download or read book A Proposed Guidance for Addressing Vapor Intrusion as a Component of Superfund's Hazard Ranking System written by Jeff Polubinski and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, scientists have propounded on the risks of vapor intrusion, the process by which contaminants present in soil and groundwater migrate, via volatilization, into buildings and affect indoor air quality. After years of deliberation, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has now added a vapor intrusion component to the Hazard Ranking System (HRS). The USEPA uses the HRS to evaluate whether a site warrants inclusion on the agency's National Priorities List (NPL) for Superfund sites. While the inclusion of vapor intrusion on the HRS is a positive, albeit overdue, development in Superfund law, how USEPA structures and implements the vapor intrusion component into the existing HRS will determine whether this new enhancement will actually prove to be protective of human health. First, this note will examine the concept of vapor intrusion. Included in this discussion will be a description of the contaminants at play, how vapors enter buildings, where vapor intrusion sites are located, what the human health risks are and, lastly what is done to mitigate the risks that vapor intrusion presents. The note will then discuss the importance that vapor intrusion plays in the Brownfields, Superfund and the LEED-certified building discussion and why vapor intrusion is often identified as an environmental justice issue. Next, the note will discuss many of the difficulties facing vapor intrusion regulation and the roadblocks that may have inhibited the promulgation of federal regulation earlier. I will then describe the different ways states have regulated vapor intrusion by assessing two enforcement mechanisms used by states in regulating sites where vapor intrusion may be an issue. First, I will evaluate how states initially assess vapor intrusion versus how states assess other more regulated exposure pathways (such as ingestion of contaminated drinking water). If there is some sort of ranking or prioritization of sites, what weight, if any, is given to sites where vapor intrusion is an issue? Secondly, I will look at what steps states take, or require potentially responsible parties or responsible parties to take, when vapor intrusion has been identified. Lastly, based on components of state regulation, I will propose a regulatory framework for addressing vapor intrusion.

Engineering and Design

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Publisher : Military Bookshop
ISBN 13 : 9781780397702
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (977 download)

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Book Synopsis Engineering and Design by : Us Army Corps Of Engineers

Download or read book Engineering and Design written by Us Army Corps Of Engineers and published by Military Bookshop. This book was released on 2002-06-01 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual provides practical guidance for the design and operation of soil vapor extraction (SVE) and bioventing (BV) systems. It is intended for use by engineers, geologists, hydrogeologists, and soil scientists, chemists, project managers, and others who possess a technical education and some design experience but only the broadest familiarity with SVE or BV systems.

Draft Guidance for Evaluating the Vapor Intrusion to Indoor Air Pathway from Groundwater and Soils - Scholar's Choice Edition

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ISBN 13 : 9781297050442
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (54 download)

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Book Synopsis Draft Guidance for Evaluating the Vapor Intrusion to Indoor Air Pathway from Groundwater and Soils - Scholar's Choice Edition by : U S Environmental Protection Agency

Download or read book Draft Guidance for Evaluating the Vapor Intrusion to Indoor Air Pathway from Groundwater and Soils - Scholar's Choice Edition written by U S Environmental Protection Agency and published by . This book was released on 2015-02-16 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Proceedings of the Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Detection, and Remediation Conference

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 604 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Detection, and Remediation Conference by :

Download or read book Proceedings of the Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Detection, and Remediation Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables by :

Download or read book Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Contaminants in the Subsurface

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030909447X
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Contaminants in the Subsurface by : National Research Council

Download or read book Contaminants in the Subsurface written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-04-23 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At hundreds of thousands of commercial, industrial, and military sites across the country, subsurface materials including groundwater are contaminated with chemical waste. The last decade has seen growing interest in using aggressive source remediation technologies to remove contaminants from the subsurface, but there is limited understanding of (1) the effectiveness of these technologies and (2) the overall effect of mass removal on groundwater quality. This report reviews the suite of technologies available for source remediation and their ability to reach a variety of cleanup goals, from meeting regulatory standards for groundwater to reducing costs. The report proposes elements of a protocol for accomplishing source remediation that should enable project managers to decide whether and how to pursue source remediation at their sites.

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 808 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association by :

Download or read book Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: pt. A. Human health evaluation manual

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: pt. A. Human health evaluation manual by :

Download or read book Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: pt. A. Human health evaluation manual written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: