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Development And Evaluation Of An Active Warning Device For School Bus Loading And Unloading Points In Areas Of Limited Visibility
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Book Synopsis Development and Evaluation of an Active Warning Device for School Bus Loading and Unloading Points in Areas of Limited Visibility by :
Download or read book Development and Evaluation of an Active Warning Device for School Bus Loading and Unloading Points in Areas of Limited Visibility written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary objectives of this research project were: (1) to develop an active advance warning device (AAWD) comprised of an actuated flashing beacon supplement to a conventional SCHOOL BUS STOP AHEAD sign (S3-1) and (2) to evaluate its effect on driver performance and safety through school bus loading and unloading zones. Secondary objectives were to summarize system components and costs, develop an activation strategy, review the liability risk, review national experience related to safety, and provide guidance regarding specifications and use in Texas. With respect to safety, 37 of 46 studies reported a positive effect resulting from AAWDs. Findings from field studies conducted in Texas also suggest favorable results with confirmed reductions in vehicle approach speeds when the flashing beacon was activated. Costs for the final AAWD are estimated to be 2,000 dollars for the S3-1 sign and flashing beacons and 2,600 dollars for the flashing beacon activation system, not including sign installation or ongoing maintenance and operations costs. A review of published literature and historic case law suggests minimal additional liability risk above what is already experienced by transportation departments. Unique areas of risk relate to "jurisdictional responsibility" for establishing, operating, and maintaining school bus loading and unloading zones and the hazard expectation tied to the flashing beacon activation (i.e., motorists may not exercise the same degree of caution when the bus is not present and the beacons are not flashing despite children being present at the bus stop). Given the favorable safety impacts, the low system cost, and the minimal additional liability risk incurred, the AA WD is recommended for further implementation.
Book Synopsis Field Evaluation of Innovative Active Warning Devices for Use at Railroad-highway Grade Crossings by : Kenneth W. Heathington
Download or read book Field Evaluation of Innovative Active Warning Devices for Use at Railroad-highway Grade Crossings written by Kenneth W. Heathington and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Field Evaluation of Innovative Active Warning Devices for Use at Railroad-highway Grade Crossings by : Kenneth W. Heathington
Download or read book Field Evaluation of Innovative Active Warning Devices for Use at Railroad-highway Grade Crossings written by Kenneth W. Heathington and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research was conducted to identify and evaluate innovative active warning devices with potential for improving safety at railroad-highway grade crossings. Candidate devices were identified and/or developed, and the most promising devices were evaluated in a detailed laboratory study. Three of the devices were chosen for field evaluation: (1) four-quadrant gates with skirts and flashing light signals; (2) four-quadrant flashing light signals with overhead strobes; and (3) highway traffic signals with white bar strobes in all red lenses. The report documents the methodology and results of the field evaluations, presents a summary of the research leading up to the field evaluations, and presents the results of benefit-cost analyses for the innovative devices and guidelines for their implementation.
Book Synopsis Field Evaluation of Innovative Active Warning Devices for Use at Railroad-highway Grade Crossings by :
Download or read book Field Evaluation of Innovative Active Warning Devices for Use at Railroad-highway Grade Crossings written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Six Active Warning Devices for Use at Railroad-highway Grade Crossings by : Kenneth W. Heathington
Download or read book Evaluation of Six Active Warning Devices for Use at Railroad-highway Grade Crossings written by Kenneth W. Heathington and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Laboratory Evaluation of Six Active Warning Devices for Use at Railroad-highway Grade Crossings by : Kenneth W. Heathington
Download or read book Laboratory Evaluation of Six Active Warning Devices for Use at Railroad-highway Grade Crossings written by Kenneth W. Heathington and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Evaluation of Three Active Warning Devices for Use at Railroad-highway Grade Crossings by : Daniel B. Fambro
Download or read book An Evaluation of Three Active Warning Devices for Use at Railroad-highway Grade Crossings written by Daniel B. Fambro and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis School Bus Warning Lamp by : Emergency Warning Lights and Devices Standards Committee
Download or read book School Bus Warning Lamp written by Emergency Warning Lights and Devices Standards Committee and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document provides design guidelines, test procedure references, and performance requirements for red and yellow overhead warning devices on school bus vehicles which are used to alert traffic to stop when passengers are loading and unloading. J887 has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE five-year review policy.
Book Synopsis School Bus Stop Arm Lamp by : Emergency Warning Lights and Devices Standards Committee
Download or read book School Bus Stop Arm Lamp written by Emergency Warning Lights and Devices Standards Committee and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document provides design guidelines, test procedure references, and performance requirements for stop arm lamp devices on school bus vehicles which are used to alert traffic to stop when passengers are loading and unloadingPhotometric performance has now been established as meeting the original peak intensity and meeting a specified "optical power". Advances in laboratory instrumentation have made it practical and cost effective to directly measure the optical power generated by any optical warning device. The direct measurement or calculation of peak intensity also is readily done with current technology. The Minimum Peak luminous intensity values are the minimum luminous intensity values from the previously published recommended practice. The Optical Power values were calculated from the Candela-Seconds values multiplied by 60 s to obtain cd-seconds/minute with the minimum flash rate of 1 flash per second. Source definition has been changed to include multiple source components with some restrictions. Light pulse and flash definitions have been added. Optical power has been defined. Multiple flash patterns and cyclic patterns have been added. End users have been requesting non-repetitive flash patterns to prevent complacency. The specified minimum size lighted area has been eliminated. Recent demonstrations have shown that observers were unable to see any difference in the performance of flashing warning devices having the same optical power but substantially different lighted areas. Environmental tests have been added these include low temperature, high temperature and 200 hour durability flash rate maintenances. The flash rate range was increased from 1-2 Hz to 1-4 Hz. Increasing the flash rate without a corresponding increase in photometric energy lowers the flash energy. However, if the flash rate is increased and the photometric energy is maintained above the minimum requirement, the conspicuity of the signal is improved. From a practical stand point, higher flash rates reduce the travel distance between signal flashers and promote earlier recognition of a hazardous condition. This document increases the allowable flash rate maximum to 4 Hz, so long as the flash energy content of the signal is not reduced below the required tabulated values. It is important to note that the energy to operate such devices may have to increase with the flash rate. Miscellaneous Editorial Changes The word "device" is used to indicate the assembly of components which is tested. The previous edition used both the words "lamp" and "device" for this purpose as well as referring to light sources as "lamps". Removed Design requirements since this recommended practice is for the lighting devices and should not specify reliability requirements for mechanical components Remove reference to SAE J887 since there is no need to reference the other Recommended Practice Change from SAE J575 to SAE J2139 for environmental testing for vehicles wider than 2032 mm. The typical application for these devices is for school buses which are over 2032 mm in width Added reference to SAE J387 and SAE J1330 SAE publications Added 300 cd maximum for Figure 1. The lights are installed at other vehicle driver's forward looking position and need to ensure lights are not too bright.
Download or read book NCHRP Report 562 written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309462010 Total Pages :183 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Improving Motor Carrier Safety Measurement by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Improving Motor Carrier Safety Measurement written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-10-01 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year roughly 100,000 fatal and injury crashes occur in the United States involving large trucks and buses. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) in the U.S. Department of Transportation works to reduce crashes, injuries, and fatalities involving large trucks and buses. FMCSA uses information that is collected on the frequency of approximately 900 different violations of safety regulations discovered during (mainly) roadside inspections to assess motor carriers' compliance with Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations, as well as to evaluate their compliance in comparison with their peers. Through use of this information, FMCSA's Safety Measurement System (SMS) identifies carriers to receive its available interventions in order to reduce the risk of crashes across all carriers. Improving Motor Carrier Safety Measurement examines the effectiveness of the use of the percentile ranks produced by SMS for identifying high-risk carriers, and if not, what alternatives might be preferred. In addition, this report evaluates the accuracy and sufficiency of the data used by SMS, to assess whether other approaches to identifying unsafe carriers would identify high-risk carriers more effectively, and to reflect on how members of the public use the SMS and what effect making the SMS information public has had on reducing crashes.
Book Synopsis 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design by : Department Justice
Download or read book 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design written by Department Justice and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-10-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (a) Design and construction. (1) Each facility or part of a facility constructed by, on behalf of, or for the use of a public entity shall be designed and constructed in such manner that the facility or part of the facility is readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities, if the construction was commenced after January 26, 1992. (2) Exception for structural impracticability. (i) Full compliance with the requirements of this section is not required where a public entity can demonstrate that it is structurally impracticable to meet the requirements. Full compliance will be considered structurally impracticable only in those rare circumstances when the unique characteristics of terrain prevent the incorporation of accessibility features. (ii) If full compliance with this section would be structurally impracticable, compliance with this section is required to the extent that it is not structurally impracticable. In that case, any portion of the facility that can be made accessible shall be made accessible to the extent that it is not structurally impracticable. (iii) If providing accessibility in conformance with this section to individuals with certain disabilities (e.g., those who use wheelchairs) would be structurally impracticable, accessibility shall nonetheless be ensured to persons with other types of disabilities, (e.g., those who use crutches or who have sight, hearing, or mental impairments) in accordance with this section.
Author :National Association of City Transportation Officials Publisher :Island Press ISBN 13 :1610915658 Total Pages :258 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (19 download)
Book Synopsis Urban Bikeway Design Guide, Second Edition by : National Association of City Transportation Officials
Download or read book Urban Bikeway Design Guide, Second Edition written by National Association of City Transportation Officials and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2014-03-24 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NACTO's Urban Bikeway Design Guide quickly emerged as the preeminent resource for designing safe, protected bikeways in cities across the United States. It has been completely re-designed with an even more accessible layout. The Guide offers updated graphic profiles for all of its bicycle facilities, a subsection on bicycle boulevard planning and design, and a survey of materials used for green color in bikeways. The Guide continues to build upon the fast-changing state of the practice at the local level. It responds to and accelerates innovative street design and practice around the nation.
Book Synopsis Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment by : Carl Hanson
Download or read book Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment written by Carl Hanson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Highway Safety Program Standard 17 (as Amended May 1973) by : United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Download or read book Highway Safety Program Standard 17 (as Amended May 1973) written by United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Best Practice Guide written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
