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Author : Liming Wang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 516 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (393 download)
Download or read book Development and Characterization of Ceramic-based NOx Sensors for Automotive Applications written by Liming Wang and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David James Collins
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (345 download)
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Ceramic-based NOX Sensors written by David James Collins and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lora Birkefeld Younkman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (339 download)
Download or read book Development and Characterization of Ceramic-Based Carbon Monoxide Sensors written by Lora Birkefeld Younkman and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: In recent years, the importance of monitoring combustion processes for fuel efficiency and pollution control has necessitated the development of reliable gas sensors for high temperature in situ detection. Semiconductor gas sensors have been developed for a wide range of reactive gases, but are typically nonselective to any particular gas in gaseous mixtures. The objective of this research was to develop fast-responding solid-state sensors for the selective detection of CO gas at elevated temperatures, as well as to understand and characterize the associated sensing mechanisms. From preliminary dc electrical resistance measurements, the sensing properties of various semiconducting oxides were investigated, and Mo03- and Ti02-based systems were selected as candidate sensor materials. Mo03 was found to display an ON/OFF-type sensing behavior. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results indicated that the sensitivity could be attributed to the surface reduction of Mo03 to the Mo02 phase. The Ti02 sensor displayed a gradual drop in electrical resistance with increasing CO concentration but suffered from H2 interference. Two different mechanisms were proposed (based on recovery characteristics) to describe the sensitivity of Ti02: a surface-controlled mechanism for CO, supported by XPS data, and a bulk-diffusion controlled mechanism for H2. Through second phase additions of 10 wt% Y203 and 10 wt% Al203, the sensor was made selective to CO and H2, respectively with no interference from NOx. Fe and Pd catalyst additions improved both the response time and the lower limit of CO detection. A sensor device of (Ti02-10 wt% Y203)-5 wt% Pd was developed with optimized geometry, electrode configuration, and processing conditions. A prototype device was sucessfully tested in an automobile engine for over 50 cycles, responding quickly and reversibly under revving and idling conditions. Immittance spectroscopy (IS) was employed to characterize the electrical behavior of Ti02. By extracting the electrical parameters through lumped parameter/complex plane analysis, the sensing behavior was found to be grain boundary-controlled, with sensitivity determined by electrical barriers at the intergranular contacts. Upon exposure to CO gas, these barriers are effectively lowered, and the depletion region width decreases. The observed decrease in electrical resistance and increase in grain boundary capacitance provided evidence in support of this proposed mechanism.
Author :
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 862 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2540 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Rui You
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819732956
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (197 download)
Download or read book Micromachined Mixed-Potential-Type YSZ-Based Sensors for Nitrogen Dioxide Monitoring in Automobile Exhaust written by Rui You and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : V. R. Singh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (969 download)
Download or read book Optimization and Characterization of Piezo-ceramic Sensors Used in Smart Systems written by V. R. Singh and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smart sensor systems are now being increasingly found in various scientific and biomedical applications. Microminiature-type silicon sensors are common, and the development of electroceramic materials has now led to smart systems. The development and characterization of such piezo-ceramic materials are discussed in this paper. The optimization of various characteristics for increasing sensivity, thermal stability, repeatability, accuracy and other performance parameters of such piezo-sensors is highlighted for possible use in precision measurements and as scientific standards. Some applications based on these sensors for scientific and biomedical measurements are given. [Authors' abstract].
Author : Toshko Nenov
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000125203
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Ceramic Sensors written by Toshko Nenov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-12-17 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Author's Preface Ceramic sensors have been in use for more than thirty years. Since ceramics exhibit a number of specific characteristics that enable their cost to become lower and their reliability to increase, they have occupied a significant position in sensor technology. This is why many companies and universities have directed their efforts towards investigating and developing new ceramic sensors and expanding their areas of application. To the best of our knowledge.., there [has been] no book treating different sensors on the basis of their common physical and chemical properties, technological principles, and applications. This book [is] a detailed survey of ceramic sensors and a generalization of the results achieved in this field so far. Ceramic sensors for different physical quantities are discussed without going too deep into theory... The concept of ceramic sensors includes all sensors that are produced using ceramic technology. It also covers thick film sensors, since from a structural and technological point of view, they can be regarded as a variety of ceramic sensors. The subject of scientific research in this book is humidity, gas. temperature, and pressure sensors on the basis of semiconductor and dielectric ceramic materials and solid electrolytes. Special attention is paid to the physical and chemical, as well as the technological, bases of ceramic sensors, their classification, the types of materials used... , the methods of controlling their parameters and characteristics, the areas of application, and the electric circuits for connecting the sensors.
Author : Nancy Ortins Savage
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 624 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (471 download)
Download or read book Development and Characterization of High Temperature, Selective, Titania-based Gas Sensors written by Nancy Ortins Savage and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Tianshu Zhang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (528 download)
Download or read book Development and Characterization of Ceramics for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by Tianshu Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Anindya Nag
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1040020879
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)
Download or read book Carbon Nanotube-Based Sensors written by Anindya Nag and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-05-02 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon Nanotube-Based Sensors: Fabrication, Characterization, and Implementation highlights the latest research and developments on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and their applications in sensors and sensing systems. It offers an overview of CNTs, including their synthesis, functionalization, characterization, and toxicology. It then delves into the fabrication and various applications of CNT-based sensors. FEATURES Defines the significance of different forms of CNT-based sensors synthesized for diverse engineering applications and compares the feasibility of their generation Helps readers evaluate different types of fabrication techniques to generate CNTs and their subsequent sensing Discusses fabrication of low-cost, efficient CNTs-based sensors that can be used for diverse applications and sheds light on synthesis methods for a range of printing techniques Highlights challenges and advances in security-related issues using CNTs-based sensors This book is aimed at researchers in the fields of materials and electrical engineering who are interested in the development of sensor technology for industrial, biomedical, and related applications.
Author : Ruju Preet Balasubramanian
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (234 download)
Download or read book Development and Characterization of Tunable Graded Nano Ceramic Coatings written by Ruju Preet Balasubramanian and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Produces an aqueous coating having ceramic materials in suspension and ceramic precursors on a steel substrate in order to provide corrosion and abrasion resistance in tunable graded nano ceramic coatings. Convertes the resulting porous coating into a ceramic coating through a process of low temperature decomposition. Impregnates the porous coating with ceramic precursors for nineteen cycles increasing hardness and wear properties.
Download or read book Development of NOx Sensors for Heavy Vehicle Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A DOE CRADA was initiated in February 2000 between Ford Motor Company and the US Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The overall objective of the research agreement was to characterize the performance of emission sensors and identify potential areas of improvement and to develop improved insulating materials with a lower capacitance to minimize radio frequency (RF) interference. A bench-scale device was developed at ORNL to evaluate sensor performance. The test stand was designed to enable control of the gas composition, flow rate, and temperature. An air-actuated three-way valve was used to control the injection of the test gas in order to elucidate the transient behavior of the sensor. The major finding from the studies was that transient test results showed that response time of the sensor to NO was highly dependent on the temperature. The time constant decreased with increasing gas temperature and achieved a constant valve of 610 ms for temperatures greater than or equal to 350 C. The steady-state valves O2 and NOx pumping currents were measured under steady-state conditions using a picoammeter. The measured pumping currents were extremely low and required an electrically quiet environment for accurate readings. ORNL developed also modified the existing insulator material to decrease its dielectric constant in order to reduce radio frequency interference from the internal heater. This was accomplished by adding low dielectric constant sintering aids to alumina.
Author : Ling Cui
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (946 download)
Download or read book Impedance Characterization of YSZ Based NOx Sensors written by Ling Cui and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 27 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (893 download)
Download or read book Development of Ceramic Mixed Potential Sensors for Automotive Application written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mixed potential sensors that utilize Gd{sub 0.2}Ce{sub 0.8}O2 electrolytes and patterned dense 1 [mu]m-thick LaMnO3 thin films were studied at 600 C and 1%O2. The response to C3H6 and CO of two different sensor configurations were studied continuously for 1000 hrs versus an air reference. Although two different current collection schemes and two different metal oxide electrode geometries were employed, the magnitude of the mixed potential generated by both sensors was remarkably similar. From previous work with Au-ceria-Pt mixed potential sensors, this behavior is attributed to precisely controlling the metal oxide electrode/solid electrolyte interface unlike the random interface produced when Au electrodes are used. Although doped ceria is not a suitable electrolyte for automotive exhaust gas applications, this work serves to illustrate design goals for zirconia-based sensors.
Author : D. L. West
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (316 download)
Download or read book Development of NOx Sensors for Heavy Vehicle Applications written by D. L. West and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary gaseous pollutants (excluding CO{sub 2}) produced by combustion of low-sulfur diesel fuel oxides of nitrogen (NO{sub x}), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrocarbons (C{sub y}H{sub z}). The last two of these can be readily ameliorated by an oxidation catalyst in the O{sub 2}-rich environment of diesel exhaust but NO{sub x} can not.[1] For this reason NO{sub x} remediation strategies such as selective catalytic reduction (SCR) [2, 3] and the lean NO{sub x} trap (LNT) [4, 5] are being actively pursued. The ideal implementation of these strategies would employ NO{sub x} sensors to control reagent injection in the case of SCR and trap regeneration in the case of LNT. Two different NO{sub x} sensors for this application are at or near commercialization: An amperometric NO{sub x} sensor developed by NGK [6] and a 'mixed potential' NO{sub x} sensor developed by Riken [7]. The NGK sensor works by passing the sampled exhaust through a series of two chambers. In the first chamber O{sub 2} is pumped from the exhaust and in the second, NO{sub x} is decomposed electrochemically and the current from this decomposition is measured in order to determine [NO{sub x}]. Since the NO{sub x} concentrations can be small, on the 10's of ppm levels, the currents produced by decomposing the NO{sub x} can be small and difficult to measure accurately. The Riken sensor functions by passing the exhaust over a 'conversion electrode' that converts the NO{sub x} to NO{sub 2}. This NO{sub 2} is then sensed by a mixed potential sensing element.[8-10] Researchers at Ford evaluated the NGK sensor and observed the above shortcoming (poor for low [NO{sub x}]) as well as others [11] (e.g., asymmetric response to NO vs. NO{sub 2}) and were unable to obtain samples of the Riken sensor. Therefore a CRADA was initiated between Ford an ORNL to investigate the development of NO{sub x} sensors for diesel exhaust applications.
Author : Society of Automotive Engineers
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Technical Literature Abstracts written by Society of Automotive Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
