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Detection Of Bridge Deck Deterioration
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Book Synopsis Nondestructive Testing to Identify Concrete Bridge Deck Deterioration by :
Download or read book Nondestructive Testing to Identify Concrete Bridge Deck Deterioration written by and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2013 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " TRB's second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP 2) Report S2-R06A-RR-1: Nondestructive Testing to Identify Concrete Bridge Deck Deterioration identifies nondestructive testing technologies for detecting and characterizing common forms of deterioration in concrete bridge decks.The report also documents the validation of promising technologies, and grades and ranks the technologies based on results of the validations.The main product of this project will be an electronic repository for practitioners, known as the NDToolbox, which will provide information regarding recommended technologies for the detection of a particular deterioration. " -- publisher's description.
Book Synopsis Detection of Bridge Deck Deterioration by : William Michael Moore
Download or read book Detection of Bridge Deck Deterioration written by William Michael Moore and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Case Study of Three Methods Used in Detecting Bridge Deck Deterioration Associated with Spalling by : Charles E. Smith
Download or read book A Case Study of Three Methods Used in Detecting Bridge Deck Deterioration Associated with Spalling written by Charles E. Smith and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three most widely used current methods for detecting deterioration of concrete bridge decks associated with spalling were compared with a visual inspection of the reinforcing steel and to each other in order to determine the degree of agreement among the methods. The three methods are known as the Chain Drag Method, Measurement of Corrosion Potentials, and the Hammer Method. On a bridge scheduled for deck replacement, each of the methods was used to designate the areas of deck to be removed and the results were compared with the findings of a visual inspection of the rebar. It was concluded that the three techniques were practical and effective. However, in order to ensure that a high percentage of deteriorated areas are located, two of the detection methods should be used and the areas indicated by both methods should be removed.
Author :T. Masliwec Publisher :[Downsview] : Research and Development Branch, Ontario Ministry of Transportation ISBN 13 : Total Pages :57 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (9 download)
Book Synopsis Optimizing Infrared Detection for Bridge Deck Deterioration by : T. Masliwec
Download or read book Optimizing Infrared Detection for Bridge Deck Deterioration written by T. Masliwec and published by [Downsview] : Research and Development Branch, Ontario Ministry of Transportation. This book was released on 1990 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Identification of Performance Indicators and Development of Performance Based Specifications for Bridge Decks by : Thomas H. Wenzel
Download or read book Identification of Performance Indicators and Development of Performance Based Specifications for Bridge Decks written by Thomas H. Wenzel and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck Deterioration: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Repair by : Alvin Harold Meyer
Download or read book Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck Deterioration: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Repair written by Alvin Harold Meyer and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Bridge Deck Repair and Protective Systems by : Herbert N. Swanson
Download or read book Evaluation of Bridge Deck Repair and Protective Systems written by Herbert N. Swanson and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Detection of Progressive Deterioration in Bridge Decks Using Ground Penetrating Radar by : Kenneth R. Maser
Download or read book Detection of Progressive Deterioration in Bridge Decks Using Ground Penetrating Radar written by Kenneth R. Maser and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bridge Deck Program Development by : Khossrow Babaei
Download or read book Bridge Deck Program Development written by Khossrow Babaei and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Deterioration Prediction Modeling for the Condition Assessment of Concrete Bridge Decks by : Aqeed Mohsin Chyad
Download or read book Deterioration Prediction Modeling for the Condition Assessment of Concrete Bridge Decks written by Aqeed Mohsin Chyad and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridges are key elements in the US transportation system. There are more than six hundred thousand bridges on the highway system in the United States. Approximately one third of these bridges are in need of maintenance and will cost more than $120 billion to rehabilitate or repair. Several factors affect the performance of bridges over their life spans. Identifying these factors and accurately assessing the condition of bridges are critical in the development of an effective maintenance program. While there are several methods available for condition assessment, selecting the best technique remains a challenge. Therefore, developing an accurate and reliable model for concrete bridge deck deterioration is a key step towards improving the overall bridge condition assessment process. Consequently, the main goal of this dissertation is to develop an improved bridge deck deterioration prediction model that is based on the National Bridge Inventory (NBI) database. To achieve the goal, deterministic and stochastic approaches have been investigated to model the condition of bridge decks. While the literatures have typically proposed the Markov chain method as the best technique for the condition assessment of bridges, this dissertation reveals that some probability distribution functions, such as Lognormal and Weibull, could be better prediction models for concrete bridge decks under certain condition ratings. A new universal framework for optimizing the performance of prediction of concrete bridge deck condition was developed for this study. The framework is based on a nonlinear regression model that combines the Markov chain method with a state-specific probability distribution function. In this dissertation, it was observed that on average, bridge decks could stay much longer in their condition ratings than the typical 2-year inspection interval, suggesting that inspection schedules might be extended beyond 2 years for bridges in certain condition rating ranges. The results also showed that the best statistical model varied from one state to another and there was no universal statistical prediction model that can be developed for all states. The new framework was implemented on Michigan data and demonstrated that the prediction error in the combined model was less than each of the two models (i.e. Markov and Lognormal). The results also showed that average daily traffic, age, deck area, structure type, skew angle, and environmental factors have significant impact on the deterioration of concrete bridge decks. The contributions of the work presented in this dissertation include: 1) the identification of the significant factors that impact concrete bridge deck deterioration; 2) the development of a universal deterioration prediction framework that can be uniquely tailored for each state’s data; and 3) supporting the possibility of extending inspection schedules beyond the typical 2-year cycles. Future work may involve: 1) evaluating each of the factors that impact the deterioration rates in more depth by refining the investigation ranges; 2) investigating the possibility of revising the regular bridge deck inspection intervals beyond the 2-year cycles; and 3) developing deterioration prediction models for other bridge elements (i.e. superstructure and substructure) using the framework developed in this dissertation.
Book Synopsis Active Heating Infrared Thermography for Detection of Subsurface Bridge Deck Deterioration by : Kenneth R. Maser
Download or read book Active Heating Infrared Thermography for Detection of Subsurface Bridge Deck Deterioration written by Kenneth R. Maser and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Deterioration Prediction Models for Condition Assessment of Concrete Bridge Decks Using Machine Learning Techniques by : Nour Hider Almarahlleh
Download or read book Deterioration Prediction Models for Condition Assessment of Concrete Bridge Decks Using Machine Learning Techniques written by Nour Hider Almarahlleh and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridges play a significant role in the U.S. economy. The number of the bridges in the U.S. exceeds six hundred thousand. Almost one third of them are considered structurally deficient and will require more than $164 billion to repair or replace. Identifying the factors that affect the performance of concrete bridge decks during its service life is critical to the development of an accurate condition assessment and deterioration prediction model. Accurate bridge deck deterioration models can provide vital information for predicting short- and long-term behavior of concrete bridge decks and minimizing costly routine inspection and maintenance activities. Therefore, the main goal of this dissertation is to develop a deterioration prediction model for concrete bridge decks that is based on the National Bridge Inventory (NBI) database. To achieve the goal, five deterioration prediction models for concrete bridge decks were developed using Multinomial Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Artificial Neural Network, k-Nearest Neighbors and Naive Bayesian machine learning techniques. Michigan bridge deck data from NBI between the years 1992 to 2015 were used for training the various prediction models. The results show that the performance of all five developed models were acceptable. However, the artificial neural network achieved the highest accuracy in the validation process. Additionally, bridge decks age, area, average daily traffic, and skew angle are found to be significant factors in the deterioration of concrete bridge decks. Furthermore, it was observed that bridge decks could stay in their condition rating more than the typical 2-year inspection interval, suggesting that inspection schedules could be extended for certain bridges that had slower deterioration rates. The contributions of this work include 1) the development of an optimized deterioration prediction model that can be used in the condition assessment process for concrete bridge decks, 2)the identification of the factors that have the most impact on concrete bridge deck deterioration,and 3) demonstrating that the inspection schedule can be longer than 2 years for bridges that do not deteriorate fast which can lead to cost and time savings. Future work can include the following: (1)developing deterioration prediction models for concrete bridge decks using deep learning techniques; (2) developing deterioration prediction models for other bridge specific elements (i.e., superstructure and substructure) using multivariant analysis; (3) developing deterioration prediction models for other (or all) U.S. states using the framework developed in this research; and (4) investigating the prospect of revising the mandated inspection interval beyond the 2-year period.
Book Synopsis Bridge Deck Condition Assessment Using Destructive and Nondestructive Methods by : Brandon Tyler Goodwin
Download or read book Bridge Deck Condition Assessment Using Destructive and Nondestructive Methods written by Brandon Tyler Goodwin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This study investigates two bridge decks in the state of Missouri using both nondestructive and destructive testing methods. The Missouri Department of Transportation (MoDOT) is responsible for the monitoring and maintenance of over 10,000 bridges. Currently monitoring of these bridges includes a comprehensive visual inspection. In this study, ground-coupled ground penetrating radar (GPR) is used to estimate deterioration, along with other traditional methods, including visual inspection, and core evaluation. Extracted core samples were carefully examined, and the volume of permeable pore space was determined for each core. After the initial investigation, the two bridges underwent rehabilitation using hydrodemolition as a method to remove loose or deteriorated concrete. Depths and locations of material removal were determined using light detection and ranging (lidar). Data sets were compared to determine the accuracy of GPR to predict deterioration for condition monitoring and rehabilitation planning of bridge decks. As shown by the lidar survey of the material removed during rehabilitation, the GPR top reinforcement reflection amplitude accurately predicted regions of deterioration within the bridge decks. In general, regions with lower reflection amplitudes, indicating more evidence of deterioration, corresponded to regions with greater depths of material removal during the rehabilitation. Also, the GPR top reinforcement reflection amplitude indicated deterioration in areas where visual deterioration was noticed from the top surface of the deck. The majority of cores with delaminations were extracted from sections where the GPR top reinforcement reflection amplitude indicated greater evidence of deterioration based on lower amplitude values."--Abstract, page iii.
Book Synopsis Development of a Condition Assessment Method of Deteriorated Bridge Decks Based on GPR Data and Structural Response by : Dipesh Donda
Download or read book Development of a Condition Assessment Method of Deteriorated Bridge Decks Based on GPR Data and Structural Response written by Dipesh Donda and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridges are at the heart of transportation systems connecting the roads to and between the mainlands. Thus, bridges are an integral part of the economic growth of any country. They are subjected to dynamic loads of the vehicles and the environmental effects. These loads cause stress and strain cycles causing its deterioration by initiating microcracking. The deterioration is then accelerated due to the chloride attack which causes the corrosion of the steel reinforcement resulting in cracking and delamination of concrete and ultimately leads to failure. It is essential to analyze the bridge with its actual condition which is difficult with a visual inspection. This analysis can help in determining the degree of repairs needed and an approximate idea about its service life. The development of the Non-Destructive Test (NDT) methods helps assess the condition of the bridge without any kind of damage to the original structure. In the past few decades, the Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) with the help of Ground Penetration Radar (GPR) has gained popularity due to its ease in the evaluation of the larger areas such as bridge deck and parking lot in a shorter amount of time with sufficient training. The NDE using GPR for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has been still evolving with new improvements in its technology as well as the development of new methods for the analysis of its data. A positive step towards detecting the subsurface materials present in the cracks has been undertaken in this study. A methodology to detect the subsurface cracks/gaps in concrete using GPR has been developed here by preparing three concrete samples of dimensions 50 x 25 x 5 cm3, 50 x 25 x 10 cm3, and 50 x 25 x 20 cm3 in the laboratory. The detection of reinforcement of 6 mm, 10 mm, 18 mm, 20 mm diameter, as well as a 21.8 mm Fiber Reinforcement Polymer (FRP) bar, are studied along with the detection of the air gap, water gap, and gap with the salt solutions of thickness 3 mm, 4 mm, 4.8 mm, 5.8 mm and 8.8 mm under the depth of 5 cm, 10 cm, and 15 cm. The amplitude values of these parameters are studied, and a comparison is made to check the ability of GPR to detect this material in cracks and/or delamination with changes in depths. This will be helpful in analyzing the GPR data with more reliability. Along with this, a non-linear finite element model (FEM) of a bridge superstructure using a fiber element is developed. The FE model of the bridge deck is updated and analyzed using a GPR defect map. This procedure of model updating is less tedious than the previous method available in the literature and proves to be time-saving. This model updating procedure will prove to be helpful in estimating the capacity of the bridge and make a prediction for future deterioration with the help of NDE methods (here GPR).
Book Synopsis Statistical Modeling of United States Highway Concrete Bridge Decks by : Omar Ghonima
Download or read book Statistical Modeling of United States Highway Concrete Bridge Decks written by Omar Ghonima and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the backbone of the US transportation system, bridges are also its most visible part. There are over 600,000 bridges across all US states ensuring network continuity. In order to optimize such activities and use the available monies most effectively, a solid understanding of the parameters that affect the performance of concrete bridge decks is critical. The National Bridge Inventory (NBI), perhaps the single-most comprehensive source of bridge information, gathers data on more than 600,000 bridges in all fifty states, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Recently there has been a growing interest in analyzing the NBI database. The NBI uses visual inspection, a commonly practiced damage detection method, to rate bridge decks. Focusing on concrete highway bridge deck performance, the present study developed a nationwide database based on NBI data and other critical parameters, such as bridge age, deck area, climatic regions, and distance from seawater. Additionally, two new performance parameters were computed from the available concrete bridge deck condition ratings (CR): Time-in-condition rating (TICR) and deterioration rate (DR). Following the aggregation of all these parameters to form a nationwide database, filtering and processing were performed. Approaches to dealing with inconsistencies and missing data are proposed as well. After developing the nationwide database this research presents network-level, one-way statistical relationships to get a better understanding of the parameters. ☐ Next, a data mining technique on the nationwide database was used to analyze the data. Data mining is a discovery procedure to explore and visualize useful but less-than-obvious information or patterns embedded in large collections of data. Given the amount and variety of parameter types in a large data set such as that of the nationwide database, using traditional clustering techniques for discovery is impractical. As a consequence, this research has applied a novel data discovery tool called two-step cluster analysis to visualize associations between concrete bridge deck design parameters and bridge deck condition ratings. Two-step cluster analysis is a powerful knowledge discovery tool that can handle categorical and interval data simultaneously and is capable of reducing dimensions for large data sets. The two-step cluster analysis is a useful tool for bridge owners and agencies to visualize general trends in their concrete bridge deck condition data and support them in their decision-making processes to effectively allocate constrained funds for maintenance, repair, and design of bridge decks. ☐ Understanding the attributes of bridge deck performance is central to asset management. This research attempts to characterize how various environmental and structural parameters affect bridge deck performance by employing a binary logistic regression. The logistic model shows the relationship between a dependent variable (lowest vs. highest bridge deck deterioration) and the relative importance of a number of independent variables selected for this study (predictor variables). Observations of extreme bridge deck deterioration taken from the nationwide database were used in the model. Bridge deck deterioration was computed as the decrease in CR over time. Maintenance responsibility fulfillment, functional classification of inventory route, design and construction type, average daily truck traffic, climatic regions, and distance to seawater, were all used as independent variables. Our application of a binary logistic regression model for bridge deck deterioration provides practical insight regarding how certain parameters influence bridge deck performance. ☐ A leading factor in structural decline of highway bridges is the deterioration of concrete decks. Thus, a method to forecast bridge deck performance is vital for transportation agencies to allocate future repair and rehabilitation funds. The objective of this study was the development of a nationwide CR deterioration model based on the nationwide database through the use of a Bayesian statistical approach that predicts probability of CR decrease. In addition to CR data, the impact of other governing factors on CR decrease are shown in the paper, such as average daily truck traffic (ADTT), maintenance responsibility fulfillment, deck structure type, and regional climate effect. One singular advantage of this method is that it can be continually updated as additional NBI information becomes available. Moreover, the results of this model can be used as prior data in future Bayesian studies. The results presented in this study, by providing a better idea of how US concrete bridge decks are performing based on the NBI data, are intended to furnish a progressive bridge management system. ☐ Results yielded by each of the analysis above will encourage future researchers to add other crucial parameters not contained in the nationwide database such as structural design characteristics (e.g., minimum deck thickness), construction practices (e.g., curing practices), specifications (e.g., water-to-cement ratio), and other notable factors (e.g., application of deicing salts). Furthermore, analyze the nationwide database in various statistical application areas leading to more accurate understating of the factors affecting bridge deck deterioration and enhanced deck deterioration prediction models.
Book Synopsis ECR Bridge Decks by : Ronald Surendran Harichandran
Download or read book ECR Bridge Decks written by Ronald Surendran Harichandran and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pt. 1: Delamination of the concrete cover above upper reinforcing bars is a common problem in concrete bridge decks. The detection of delamination is important for bridge maintenance and acoustic non-destructive evaluation (NDE) is widely used due to its low cost, speed, and easy implementation. Pt. 2: The deterioration of reinforced concrete bridge decks due to the corrosion of the steel bars is a common problem. A popular method used to protect the bridge deck from corrosion-induced damage is to use epoxy coated reinforcement (ECR) in place of plain (black) steel. The goal of this project was to determine if the maintenance schedule for bridge decks with black steel can be modified to develop an appropriate maintenance schedule for ECR bridge decks.
Book Synopsis Bridge Deck Deterioration Study by : Robert C. Mulvey
Download or read book Bridge Deck Deterioration Study written by Robert C. Mulvey and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
