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Design And Off Design Performance Of 100 Kwe Class Brayton Power Conversion Systems
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Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781721789665 Total Pages :36 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (896 download)
Book Synopsis Design and Off-Design Performance of 100 Kwe-Class Brayton Power Conversion Systems by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Design and Off-Design Performance of 100 Kwe-Class Brayton Power Conversion Systems written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-24 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NASA Glenn Research Center in-house computer model Closed Cycle Engine Program (CCEP) was used to explore the design trade space and off-design performance characteristics of 100 kWe-class recuperated Closed Brayton Cycle (CBC) power conversion systems. Input variables for a potential design point included the number of operating units (1, 2, 4), cycle peak pressure (0.5, 1, 2 MPa), and turbo-alternator shaft speed (30, 45, 60 kRPM). The design point analysis assumed a fixed turbine inlet temperature (1150 K), compressor inlet temperature (400 K), helium-xenon working-fluid molecular weight (40 g/mol), compressor pressure ratio (2.0), recuperator effectiveness (0.95), and a Sodium-Potassium (NaK) pumped-loop radiator. The design point options were compared on the basis of thermal input power, radiator area, and mass. For a nominal design point with defined Brayton components and radiator area, off-design cases were examined by reducing turbine inlet temperature (as low as 900 K), reducing shaft speed (as low as 50 percent of nominal), and circulating a percentage (up to 20 percent) of the compressor exit flow back to the gas cooler. The off-design examination sought approaches to reduce thermal input power without freezing the radiator. Johnson, Paul K. and Mason, Lee S. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2005-213626, E-15110
Book Synopsis Design and Off-Design Performance of 100 Kwe-Class Brayton Power Conversion Systems by : Nasa Technical Reports Server (Ntrs)
Download or read book Design and Off-Design Performance of 100 Kwe-Class Brayton Power Conversion Systems written by Nasa Technical Reports Server (Ntrs) and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NASA Glenn Research Center in-house computer model Closed Cycle Engine Program (CCEP) was used to explore the design trade space and off-design performance characteristics of 100 kWe-class recuperated Closed Brayton Cycle (CBC) power conversion systems. Input variables for a potential design point included the number of operating units (1, 2, 4), cycle peak pressure (0.5, 1, 2 MPa), and turbo-alternator shaft speed (30, 45, 60 kRPM). The design point analysis assumed a fixed turbine inlet temperature (1150 K), compressor inlet temperature (400 K), helium-xenon working-fluid molecular weight (40 g/mol), compressor pressure ratio (2.0), recuperator effectiveness (0.95), and a Sodium-Potassium (NaK) pumped-loop radiator. The design point options were compared on the basis of thermal input power, radiator area, and mass. For a nominal design point with defined Brayton components and radiator area, off-design cases were examined by reducing turbine inlet temperature (as low as 900 K), reducing shaft speed (as low as 50 percent of nominal), and circulating a percentage (up to 20 percent) of the compressor exit flow back to the gas cooler. The off-design examination sought approaches to reduce thermal input power without freezing the radiator.
Book Synopsis Heat Rejection Concepts for Brayton Power Conversion Systems by : John Siamidis
Download or read book Heat Rejection Concepts for Brayton Power Conversion Systems written by John Siamidis and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes potential heat rejection design concepts for closed Brayton cycle (CBC) power conversion systems. Brayton conversion systems are currently under study by NASA for Nuclear Electric Propulsion (NEP) applications. The Heat Rejection Subsystem (HRS) must dissipate waste heat generated by the power conversion system due to inefficiencies in the thermal-to-electric conversion process. Space Brayton conversion system designs tend to optimize at efficiencies of about 20 to 25 percent with radiator temperatures in the 400 to 600 K range. A notional HRS was developed for a 100 kWe-class Brayton power system that uses a pumped sodium-potassium (NaK) heat transport loop coupled to a water heat pipe radiator. The radiator panels employ a sandwich construction consisting of regularly-spaced circular heat pipes contained within two composite facesheets. Heat transfer from the NaK fluid to the heat pipes is accomplished by inserting the evaporator sections into the NaK duct channel. The paper evaluates various design parameters including heat pipe diameter, heat pipe spacing, and facesheet thickness. Parameters were varied to compare design options on the basis of NaK pump pressure rise and required power, heat pipe unit power and radial flux, radiator panel areal mass, and overall HRS mass.
Book Synopsis Brayton Power Conversion System Parametric Design Modelling for Nuclear Electric Propulsion by :
Download or read book Brayton Power Conversion System Parametric Design Modelling for Nuclear Electric Propulsion written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Space Technology and Applications International Forum - STAIF 2005 by : Mohamed S. El-Genk
Download or read book Space Technology and Applications International Forum - STAIF 2005 written by Mohamed S. El-Genk and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2005-03-03 with total page 1512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 3rd Symposium on Space Colonization. 2nd Symposium on New Frontiers and Future Concepts, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 13-17 February 2005
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781722960377 Total Pages :164 pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (63 download)
Book Synopsis Brayton Power Conversion System Parametric Design Modelling for Nuclear Electric Propulsion by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Brayton Power Conversion System Parametric Design Modelling for Nuclear Electric Propulsion written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The parametrically based closed Brayton cycle (CBC) computer design model was developed for inclusion into the NASA LeRC overall Nuclear Electric Propulsion (NEP) end-to-end systems model. The code is intended to provide greater depth to the NEP system modeling which is required to more accurately predict the impact of specific technology on system performance. The CBC model is parametrically based to allow for conducting detailed optimization studies and to provide for easy integration into an overall optimizer driver routine. The power conversion model includes the modeling of the turbines, alternators, compressors, ducting, and heat exchangers (hot-side heat exchanger and recuperator). The code predicts performance to significant detail. The system characteristics determined include estimates of mass, efficiency, and the characteristic dimensions of the major power conversion system components. These characteristics are parametrically modeled as a function of input parameters such as the aerodynamic configuration (axial or radial), turbine inlet temperature, cycle temperature ratio, power level, lifetime, materials, and redundancy. Ashe, Thomas L. and Otting, William D. Unspecified Center BRAYTON CYCLE; CLOSED CYCLES; NUCLEAR ELECTRIC PROPULSION; PROPULSION SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS; PROPULSION SYSTEM PERFORMANCE; AC GENERATORS; AERODYNAMIC CONFIGURATIONS; AXIAL FLOW TURBINES; COMPRESSORS; HEAT EXCHANGERS; INLET TEMPERATURE; REDUNDANCY; REGENERATORS; TEMPERATURE RATIO...
Book Synopsis Nuclear Air-Brayton Combined Cycle Power Conversion Design, Physical Performance Estimation and Economic Assessment by : Charalampos Andreades
Download or read book Nuclear Air-Brayton Combined Cycle Power Conversion Design, Physical Performance Estimation and Economic Assessment written by Charalampos Andreades and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The combination of an increased demand for electricity for economic development in parallel with the widespread push for adoption of renewable energy sources and the trend toward liberalized markets has placed a tremendous amount of stress on generators, system operators, and consumers. Non-guaranteed cost recovery, intermittent capacity, and highly volatile market prices are all part of new electricity grids. In order to try and remediate some of these effects, this dissertation proposes and studies the design and performance, both physical and economic, of a novel power conversion system, the Nuclear Air-Brayton Combined Cycle (NACC). The NACC is a power conversion system that takes a conventional industrial frame type gas turbine, modifies it to accept external nuclear heat at 670°C, while also maintaining its ability to co-fire with natural gas to increase temperature and power output at a very quick ramp rate. The NACC addresses the above issues by allowing the generator to gain extra revenue through the provision of ancillary services in addition to energy payments, the grid operator to have a highly flexible source of capacity to back up intermittent renewable energy sources, and the consumer to possibly see less volatile electricity prices and a reduced probability of black/brown outs. This dissertation is split into six sections that delve into specific design and economic issues related to the NACC. The first section describes the basic design and modifications necessary to create a functional externally heated gas turbine, sets a baseline design based upon the GE 7FB, and estimates its physical performance under nominal conditions. The second section explores the off-nominal performance of the NACC and characterizes its startup and shutdown sequences, along with some of its safety measures. The third section deals with the power ramp rate estimation of the NACC, a key performance parameter in a renewable-heavy grid that needs flexible capacity. The fourth section lays out the cost structure of the Mk1 Pebble-Bed Fluoride-salt-cooled High-temperature Reactor (FHR) with the NACC, since the NACC cannot be treated separately from its heat source. The fifth section evaluates the cost structure of a twelve-unit Mk1 FHR and NACC, including capital construction costs, operating costs, fuel and decommissioning costs in bottom up methodology. The sixth section proposes alternative NACC configurations and scales (mobile, remote NACC) or alternative power cycles to the NACC that can be coupled to the FHR (supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle).
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781721293247 Total Pages :26 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (932 download)
Book Synopsis Status of Brayton Cycle Power Conversion Development at NASA Grc by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Status of Brayton Cycle Power Conversion Development at NASA Grc written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-20 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) is pursuing the development of Brayton cycle power conversion for various NASA initiatives. Brayton cycle power systems offer numerous advantages for space power generation including high efficiency, long life, high maturity, and broad scalability. Candidate mission applications include surface rovers and bases, advanced propulsion vehicles, and earth orbiting satellites. A key advantage is the ability for Brayton converters to span the wide range of power demands of future missions from several kilowatts to multi-megawatts using either solar, isotope, or reactor heat sources. Brayton technology has been under development by NASA since the early 1960's resulting in engine prototypes in the 2 to 15 kW-class that have demonstrated conversion efficiency of almost 30% and cumulative operation in excess of 40,000 hours. Present efforts at GRC are focusing on a 2 kW testbed as a proving ground for future component advances and operational strategies, and a 25 kW engine design as a modular building block for 100 kW-class electric propulsion and Mars surface power applications. Mason, Lee S. and Shaltens, Richard K. and Dolce, James L. and Cataldo, Robert L. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2002-211304, E-13108, NAS 1.15:211304
Book Synopsis Brayton Power System and Integrated Life Support Systems Integration Study by :
Download or read book Brayton Power System and Integrated Life Support Systems Integration Study written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Method for Predicting the Off-Design Performance of Closed-Brayton-Cycle Engines by : Donald T. Knauss
Download or read book A Method for Predicting the Off-Design Performance of Closed-Brayton-Cycle Engines written by Donald T. Knauss and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of a computer program for predicting the off-design performance of closed-Brayton-cycle engines is discussed. The approach to the problem was to modify an existing Navy-developed open-cycle gas turbine engine program. The characteristics of the existing program and the various techniques used in closing the cycle are discussed, along with modification of the existing program subroutines and the development of new program controls. The requirements for modeling the component performance and the mechanical losses associated with a laboratory engine under test are considered. Engine off-design performance predictions obtained by the above method are compared with those of the engine manufacturer. Further comparisons are made between the computed results and those obtained from actual engine test data. Some estimates of the errors associated with the engine data-acquisition system are presented. A discussion of multi-parameter performance mapping is included, and the basis procedure used in developing a four-parameter map of the closed-Brayton-cycle laboratory engine is described. The map obtained by this method is presented and discussed. (Author).
Book Synopsis Research and Technology Activities Supporting Closed-Brayton-Cycle Power Conversion System Development by : Michael J. Barrett
Download or read book Research and Technology Activities Supporting Closed-Brayton-Cycle Power Conversion System Development written by Michael J. Barrett and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-08 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The elements of Brayton technology development emphasize power conversion system risk mitigation. Risk mitigation is achieved by demonstrating system integration feasibility, subsystem/component life capability (particularly in the context of material creep) and overall spacecraft mass reduction. Closed-Brayton-cycle (CBC) power conversion technology is viewed as relatively mature. At the 2-kWe power level, a CBC conversion system Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of six (6) was achieved during the Solar Dynamic Ground Test Demonstration (SD-GTD) in 1998. A TRL 5 was demonstrated for 10 kWe-class CBC components during the development of the Brayton Rotating Unit (BRU) from 1968 to 1976. Components currently in terrestrial (open cycle) Brayton machines represent TRL 4 for similar uses in 100 kWe-class CBC space systems. Because of the baseline component and subsystem technology maturity, much of the Brayton technology task is focused on issues related to systems integration. A brief description of ongoing technology activities is given.
Book Synopsis Predictability of Brayton Electric Power System Performance by : John L. Klann
Download or read book Predictability of Brayton Electric Power System Performance written by John L. Klann and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data from the first tests of the 2- to 15-kilowatt space power system in a vacuum chamber were compared with predictions of both a pretest analysis and a modified version of that analysis. The pretest analysis predicted test results with differences of no more than 9 percent of the largest measured value for each quantity. The modified analysis correlated measurements. Differences in conversion efficiency and power output were no greater than plus or minus 2.5 percent. This modified analysis was used to project space performance maps for the current test system.
Book Synopsis Closed Brayton Cycle Power Conversion Systems for Nuclear Reactors by :
Download or read book Closed Brayton Cycle Power Conversion Systems for Nuclear Reactors written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the results of a Sandia National Laboratories internally funded research program to study the coupling of nuclear reactors to gas dynamic Brayton power conversion systems. The research focused on developing integrated dynamic system models, fabricating a 10-30 kWe closed loop Brayton cycle, and validating these models by operating the Brayton test-loop. The work tasks were performed in three major areas. First, the system equations and dynamic models for reactors and Closed Brayton Cycle (CBC) systems were developed and implemented in SIMULINKTM. Within this effort, both steady state and dynamic system models for all the components (turbines, compressors, reactors, ducting, alternators, heat exchangers, and space based radiators) were developed and assembled into complete systems for gas cooled reactors, liquid metal reactors, and electrically heated simulators. Various control modules that use proportional-integral-differential (PID) feedback loops for the reactor and the power-conversion shaft speed were also developed and implemented. The simulation code is called RPCSIM (Reactor Power and Control Simulator). In the second task an open cycle commercially available Capstone C30 micro-turbine power generator was modified to provide a small inexpensive closed Brayton cycle test loop called the Sandia Brayton test-Loop (SBL-30). The Capstone gas-turbine unit housing was modified to permit the attachment of an electrical heater and a water cooled chiller to form a closed loop. The Capstone turbine, compressor, and alternator were used without modification. The Capstone system's nominal operating point is 1150 K turbine inlet temperature at 96,000 rpm. The annular recuperator and portions of the Capstone control system (inverter) and starter system also were reused. The rotational speed of the turbo-machinery is controlled by adjusting the alternator load by using the electrical grid as the load bank. The SBL-30 test loop was operated at the manufacturers site (Barber-Nichols Inc.) and installed and operated at Sandia. A sufficiently detailed description of the loop is provided in this report along with the design characteristics of the turbo-alternator-compressor set to allow other researchers to compare their results with those measured in the Sandia test-loop. The third task consisted of a validation effort. In this task the test loop was operated and compared with the modeled results to develop a more complete understanding of this electrically heated closed power generation system and to validate the model. The measured and predicted system temperatures and pressures are in good agreement, indicating that the model is a reasonable representation of the test loop. Typical deviations between the model and the hardware results are less than 10%. Additional tests were performed to assess the capability of the Brayton engine to continue to remove decay heat after the reactor/heater is shutdown, to develop safe and effective control strategies, and to access the effectiveness of gas inventory control as an alternative means to provide load following. In one test the heater power was turned off to simulate a rapid reactor shutdown, and the turbomachinery was driven solely by the sensible heat stored in the heater for over 71 minutes without external power input. This is an important safety feature for CBC systems as it means that the closed Brayton loop will keep cooling the reactor without the need for auxiliary power (other than that needed to circulate the waste heat rejection coolant) provided the heat sink is available.
Book Synopsis Digital Computer Study of Nuclear Reactor Thermal Transients During Startup of 60-kWe Brayton Power Conversion System by : Kent S. Jefferies
Download or read book Digital Computer Study of Nuclear Reactor Thermal Transients During Startup of 60-kWe Brayton Power Conversion System written by Kent S. Jefferies and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1044 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis DOT/NASA Comparative Assessment of Brayton Engines for Guideway Vehicles and Busses by : Lewis Research Center
Download or read book DOT/NASA Comparative Assessment of Brayton Engines for Guideway Vehicles and Busses written by Lewis Research Center and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
