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Design And Modeling Of A Clock Data Recovery Cdr Circuit
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Book Synopsis Design and Modeling of a Clock Data Recovery (CDR) Circuit by : Zainab binti Mohamad Ashari
Download or read book Design and Modeling of a Clock Data Recovery (CDR) Circuit written by Zainab binti Mohamad Ashari and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clock data recovery (CDR) circuits are in high demand due to development in communication technology such as improvements in transmit/receive processing and GHz transfer bandwidths via wired and wireless media. Large bandwidth data with high transfer rates encounter several major problems at the reception. Electrical signals are easily distorted with large bandwidth data when transmitted at high speeds. Existence of noise will cause disturbance or undesired signals at the output of the system. Minimizing the effects of jitter in CDR system is important to protect the signal from disturbance and to maintain low phase noise. A 5 Gbps clock data recovery circuit using PLL approach is proposed in this work. Hardware Description language, Verilog-AMS has been implemented as a modeling language for CDR using SMASH Dolphin Integrated software. The architecture of the proposed PLL CDR circuits incorporates a phase detector, RLC low-pass filter, voltage-controlled oscillator, and divider. Evaluation of the CDR performance is based on the design, frequency, transfer rate, supply voltage, and phase noise. The proposed circuit has a simple configuration powered using low supply of 1.0 V and operates in high speed of 5 Gbps. The phase noise performance is measure using four different offsets. Less phase noise of -130.29 dBc/Hz is generated without jitter added on it. To simulate jitter from 1 MHz to 100 GHz a pulse is added in each block of the CDR circuit and the circuit's performance is evaluated. CDR with jitter from 10 GHz up to 100 GHz at VCO produces the highest phase noise at the output port of -125.10 dBc/Hz. The PLL-based CDR circuit is affected when jitter pulses is added at the VCO. The proposed PLL-based CDR circuit is suitable for PCIe application with 5 Gbps transfer rate, low supply voltage, and has low phase noise.
Book Synopsis Design and Modeling of Clock and Data Recovery Integrated Circuit in 130 Nm CMOS Technology for 10 Gb by : Maher Assaad
Download or read book Design and Modeling of Clock and Data Recovery Integrated Circuit in 130 Nm CMOS Technology for 10 Gb written by Maher Assaad and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract This thesis describes the design and implementation of a fully monolithic 10 Gb/s phase and frequency-locked loop based clock and data recovery (PFLL-CDR) integrated circuit, as well as the Verilog-A modeling of an asynchronous serial link based chip to chip communication system incorporating the proposed concept. The proposed design was implemented and fabricated using the 130 nm CMOS technology offered by UMC (United Microelectronics Corporation). Different PLL-based CDR circuits topologies were investigated in terms of architecture and speed. Based on the investigation, we proposed a new concept of quarter-rate (i.e. the clocking speed in the circuit is 2.5 GHz for 10 Gb/s data rate) and dual-loop topology which consists of phase-locked and frequency-locked loop. The frequency-locked loop (FLL) operates independently from the phase-locked loop (PLL), and has a highly-desired feature that once the proper frequency has been acquired, the FLL is automatically disabled and the PLL will take over to adjust the clock edges approximately in the middle of the incoming data bits for proper sampling. Another important feature of the proposed quarter-rate concept is the inherent 1-to-4 demultiplexing of the input serial data stream. A new quarter-rate phase detector based on the non-linear early-late phase detector concept has been used to achieve the multi-Giga bit/s speed and to eliminate the need of the front-end data pre-processing (edge detecting) units usually associated with the conventional CDR circuits. An eight-stage differential ring oscillator running at 2.5 GHz frequency center was used for the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) to generate low-jitter multi-phase clock signals. The transistor level simulation results demonstrated excellent performances in term of locking speed and power consumption. In order to verify the accuracy of the proposed quarter-rate concept, a clockless asynchronous serial link incorporating the proposed concept and communicating two chips at 10 Gb/s has been modelled at gate level using the Verilog-A language and time-domain simulated.
Book Synopsis Design and Modeling of High-speed Clock and Data Recovery Circuits by : Jri Lee
Download or read book Design and Modeling of High-speed Clock and Data Recovery Circuits written by Jri Lee and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Monolithic Phase-Locked Loops and Clock Recovery Circuits by : Behzad Razavi
Download or read book Monolithic Phase-Locked Loops and Clock Recovery Circuits written by Behzad Razavi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-04-18 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring an extensive 40 page tutorial introduction, this carefully compiled anthology of 65 of the most important papers on phase-locked loops and clock recovery circuits brings you comprehensive coverage of the field-all in one self-contained volume. You'll gain an understanding of the analysis, design, simulation, and implementation of phase-locked loops and clock recovery circuits in CMOS and bipolar technologies along with valuable insights into the issues and trade-offs associated with phase locked systems for high speed, low power, and low noise.
Book Synopsis Delay Flip-flop (DFF) Metastability Impact on Clock and Data Recovery (CDR) and Phase-locked Loop (PLL) Circuits by : Alfred Sargezisardrud
Download or read book Delay Flip-flop (DFF) Metastability Impact on Clock and Data Recovery (CDR) and Phase-locked Loop (PLL) Circuits written by Alfred Sargezisardrud and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling delay flip-flops for binary (e.g., Alexander) phase detectors requires paying close attention to three important timing parameters: setup time, hold time, and clock edge-to-output (or briefly C2Q time). These parameters have a critical role in determining the status of the system on the circuit level. This study provided a guideline for designing an optimum DFF for an Alexander phase detector in a clock and data recovery circuit. Furthermore, it indicated DFF timing requirements for a high-speed phase detector in a clock and data recovery circuit. The CDR was also modeled by Verilog-A, and the results were compared with Simulink model achievements. Eventually designed in 45 nm CMOS technology, for 10 Gbps random sequence, the recovered clock contained 0.136 UI and 0.15 UI peak-to-peak jitter on the falling and rising edges respectively, and the lock time was 125 ns. The overall power dissipation was 21 mW from a 1 V supply voltage. Future work includes layout design and manufacturing of the proposed design.
Book Synopsis Design and Simulation of a Clock Recovery Circuit Using a Phase-locked Loop by : Riley VanOverschelde
Download or read book Design and Simulation of a Clock Recovery Circuit Using a Phase-locked Loop written by Riley VanOverschelde and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Phase Locked Loop (PLL) - Based Clock and Data Recovery Circuits (CDR) Using Calibrated Delay Flip Flop (DFF) by : Sagar Waghela
Download or read book Phase Locked Loop (PLL) - Based Clock and Data Recovery Circuits (CDR) Using Calibrated Delay Flip Flop (DFF) written by Sagar Waghela and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Delay Flip Flop (DFF) is used in the phase detector circuit of the clock and data recovery circuit. A DFF consists of the three important timing parameters: setup time, hold time, and clock-to-output delay. These timing parameters play a vital role in designing a system at the transistor level. This thesis paper explains the impact of metastablity on the clock and data recovery (CDR) system and the importance of calibrating the DFF using a metastable circuit to improve a system's lock time and peak-to-peak jitter performance. The DFF was modeled in MATLAB Simulink software and calibrated by adjusting timing parameters. The CDR system was simulated in Simulink for three different cases: 1) equal setup and hold times, 2) setup time greater than the hold time, and 3) hold time greater than the setup time. The Simulink results were then compared with the Cadence simulation results, and it was observed that the calibration of DFF using a metastable circuit improved the CDR system's lock time and jitter tolerance performance. The overall power dissipation of the designed CDR system was 2.4 mW from a 1 volt supply voltage.
Book Synopsis Performance Analysis for Clock and Data Recovery Circuits Under Process Variation by :
Download or read book Performance Analysis for Clock and Data Recovery Circuits Under Process Variation written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clock and data recovery circuits play a very important role in modern data communication systems. It has very wide application in many areas, such as optical communications and interconnection between chips [1]. Today in IC industry, the shrinkage of feature size increasingly enlarges the uncertainty of circuit performance caused by process variation. As the data transmission speed dramatically increases, this uncertainty will heavily affect the clock and data recovery circuit performance and reliability in communication systems. Thus, research on performance variation of a clock and data recovery circuit caused by process variation is meaningful. The conclusion will have significant influence on chip testing. In this research, a clock and data recovery circuit is laid out by TSMC 180nm technology. The performance variation caused by process variation is investigated by HSPICE simulation, and compared with the theoretical analysis results derived through the mathematical model of the clock and data recovery circuit. The results demonstrate that our theoretical model matches well with the real simulations. Both theoretical and simulation results also indicate that process variations in the low pass filter have significant impact on performance parameters such as damping ratio, natural frequency, and lock time of the clock and data recovery circuit. Reference 1. B. Razavi, Challenges in the design high-speed clock and data recovery circuits, IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 40, no. 8, pp. 94- 101, Aug. 2002.
Book Synopsis Design of Clock Data Recovery Integrated Circuit for High Speed Data Communication Systems by : Jinghua Li
Download or read book Design of Clock Data Recovery Integrated Circuit for High Speed Data Communication Systems written by Jinghua Li and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demand for low cost Serializer and De-serializer (SerDes) integrated circuits has increased due to the widespread use of Synchronous Optical Network (SONET)/Gigabit Ethernet network and chip-to-chip interfaces such as PCI-Express (PCIe), Serial ATA(SATA) and Fibre channel standard applications. Among all these applications, clock data recovery (CDR) is one of the key design components. With the increasing demand for higher bandwidth and high integration. Complementary metal-oxidesemiconductor (CMOS) implementation is now a design trend for the predominant products in this research work, a fully integrated 10Gb/s (OC-192) CDR architecture in standard 0.18 um CMOS is developed. The proposed architecture integrates the typically large off-chip filter capacitor by using two feed-forward paths configuration to generate the required zero and poles and satisfies SONET jitter requirements with a total power dissipation (including the buffers) of 290mW. The chip exceeds SONET OC-192 jitter tolerance mask, and high frequency jitter tolerance is over 0.31 UIpp by applying PRBS data with a pattern length of 231-1. The implementation is the first fully integrated 10Gb/s CDR IC which meets/exceeds the SONET standard in the literature. The second proposed CDR architecture includes an adaptive bang-bang control algorithm. For 6MHz sinusoidal jitter modulation, the new architecture reduces the tracking error to 11.4ps peak-to-peak, versus that of 19.7ps of the conventional bangbang CDR. The main contribution of the proposed architecture is that it optimizes the loop dynamics by adjusting the bang-bang bandwidth adaptively to minimize the steady state jitter of the CDR, which leads to an improved jitter tolerance performance. According to simulation, the jitter performance is improved by more than 0.04UI, which alleviates the stringent 0.1UI peak to peak jitter requirements in the PCIe/Fibre channel/Sonet Standard.
Book Synopsis Design of Integrated Circuits for Optical Communications by : Behzad Razavi
Download or read book Design of Integrated Circuits for Optical Communications written by Behzad Razavi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-08-21 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The only book on integrated circuits for optical communications that fully covers High-Speed IOs, PLLs, CDRs, and transceiver design including optical communication The increasing demand for high-speed transport of data has revitalized optical communications, leading to extensive work on high-speed device and circuit design. With the proliferation of the Internet and the rise in the speed of microprocessors and memories, the transport of data continues to be the bottleneck, motivating work on faster communication channels. Design of Integrated Circuits for Optical Communications, Second Edition deals with the design of high-speed integrated circuits for optical communication transceivers. Building upon a detailed understanding of optical devices, the book describes the analysis and design of critical building blocks, such as transimpedance and limiting amplifiers, laser drivers, phase-locked loops, oscillators, clock and data recovery circuits, and multiplexers. The Second Edition of this bestselling textbook has been fully updated with: A tutorial treatment of broadband circuits for both students and engineers New and unique information dealing with clock and data recovery circuits and multiplexers A chapter dedicated to burst-mode optical communications A detailed study of new circuit developments for optical transceivers An examination of recent implementations in CMOS technology This text is ideal for senior graduate students and engineers involved in high-speed circuit design for optical communications, as well as the more general field of wireline communications.
Book Synopsis Phase Locked Loops and Clock Data Recovery Circuit Design on Nano CMOS Processes by : Greg W. Starr
Download or read book Phase Locked Loops and Clock Data Recovery Circuit Design on Nano CMOS Processes written by Greg W. Starr and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2017-07-24 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book delivers practical techniques that impact the cost, quality and timing of the design for the working engineer. Starr provides the framework for understanding phase-locked loop design and then applies this technology to the design of the clock data recovery circuits. Important aspects of design are included to provide engineers with the necessary information they need to insure their designs are successful.
Book Synopsis Design of 3D Integrated Circuits and Systems by : Rohit Sharma
Download or read book Design of 3D Integrated Circuits and Systems written by Rohit Sharma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three-dimensional (3D) integration of microsystems and subsystems has become essential to the future of semiconductor technology development. 3D integration requires a greater understanding of several interconnected systems stacked over each other. While this vertical growth profoundly increases the system functionality, it also exponentially increases the design complexity. Design of 3D Integrated Circuits and Systems tackles all aspects of 3D integration, including 3D circuit and system design, new processes and simulation techniques, alternative communication schemes for 3D circuits and systems, application of novel materials for 3D systems, and the thermal challenges to restrict power dissipation and improve performance of 3D systems. Containing contributions from experts in industry as well as academia, this authoritative text: Illustrates different 3D integration approaches, such as die-to-die, die-to-wafer, and wafer-to-wafer Discusses the use of interposer technology and the role of Through-Silicon Vias (TSVs) Presents the latest improvements in three major fields of thermal management for multiprocessor systems-on-chip (MPSoCs) Explores ThruChip Interface (TCI), NAND flash memory stacking, and emerging applications Describes large-scale integration testing and state-of-the-art low-power testing solutions Complete with experimental results of chip-level 3D integration schemes tested at IBM and case studies on advanced complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) integration for 3D integrated circuits (ICs), Design of 3D Integrated Circuits and Systems is a practical reference that not only covers a wealth of design issues encountered in 3D integration but also demonstrates their impact on the efficiency of 3D systems.
Book Synopsis Design of a Clock and Data Recovery Circuit in 65 Nm Technology by : Yi Ren
Download or read book Design of a Clock and Data Recovery Circuit in 65 Nm Technology written by Yi Ren and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modelling and Applications of MOS Varactors for High-speed CMOS Clock and Data Recovery by :
Download or read book Modelling and Applications of MOS Varactors for High-speed CMOS Clock and Data Recovery written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The high-speed clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit is a key building block of modern communication systems with applications spanning a wide range from wireline long-haul networks to chip-to-chip and backplane communications. In this dissertation, our focus is on the modelling, design and analysis of devices and circuits used in this versatile system in CMOS technology. Of these blocks, we have identified the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) as an important circuit that contributes to the total noise performance of the CDR. Among different solutions known for this circuit, LC-VCO is acknowledged to have the best phase noise performance, due to the filtering characteristic of the LC tank circuit. We provide details on modelling and characterization of a special type of varactor, the accumulation-mode MOS varactor, used in the tank circuit as a tuning component of these types of VCOs. We propose a new sub-circuit model for this type of varactor, which can be easily migrated to other technologies as long as an accurate model exists for MOS transistors. The model is suitable whenever the numerical models have convergence problems and/or are not defined for the specific designs (e.g., minimum length structures). The model is verified directly using measurement in a standard CMOS 0.13μm process, and indirectly by comparing the tuning curves of an LC-VCO designed in CMOS 0.13μm and 0.18μm processes. Using a varactor, a circuit technique is proposed for designing a narrowband tuneable clock buffer, which can be used in a variety of applications including the CDR system. The buffer automatically adjusts its driving bandwidth to that of the VCO, using the same control voltage that controls the frequency of the VCO. In addition, a detailed analysis of the impact of large output signals on the tuning characteristics of the LC-VCO is performed. It is shown that the oscillation frequency of the VCO deviates from that of an LC tank.
Book Synopsis Design of a Clock and Data Recovery Circuit with a Frequency Calibration Technique by :
Download or read book Design of a Clock and Data Recovery Circuit with a Frequency Calibration Technique written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design of CMOS Phase-Locked Loops by : Behzad Razavi
Download or read book Design of CMOS Phase-Locked Loops written by Behzad Razavi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This modern, pedagogic textbook from leading author Behzad Razavi provides a comprehensive and rigorous introduction to CMOS PLL design, featuring intuitive presentation of theoretical concepts, extensive circuit simulations, over 200 worked examples, and 250 end-of-chapter problems. The perfect text for senior undergraduate and graduate students.
Book Synopsis High-Speed Devices and Circuits with THz Applications by : Jung Han Choi
Download or read book High-Speed Devices and Circuits with THz Applications written by Jung Han Choi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-19 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting the cutting-edge results of new device developments and circuit implementations, High-Speed Devices and Circuits with THz Applications covers the recent advancements of nano devices for terahertz (THz) applications and the latest high-speed data rate connectivity technologies from system design to integrated circuit (IC) design, providing relevant standard activities and technical specifications. Featuring the contributions of leading experts from industry and academia, this pivotal work: Discusses THz sensing and imaging devices based on nano devices and materials Describes silicon on insulator (SOI) multigate nanowire field-effect transistors (FETs) Explains the theory underpinning nanoscale nanowire metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), simulation methods, and their results Explores the physics of the silicon-germanium (SiGe) heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT), as well as commercially available SiGe HBT devices and their applications Details aspects of THz IC design using standard silicon (Si) complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) devices, including experimental setups for measurements, detection methods, and more An essential text for the future of high-frequency engineering, High-Speed Devices and Circuits with THz Applications offers valuable insight into emerging technologies and product possibilities that are attractive in terms of mass production and compatibility with current manufacturing facilities.
