Demographic Evolutions and Unemployment

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (249 download)

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Book Synopsis Demographic Evolutions and Unemployment by :

Download or read book Demographic Evolutions and Unemployment written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On est quelquefois naturellement conduit à penser que le vieillissement démographique s'accompagnant d'une baisse de la population active induira une réduction du taux de chômage mais, d'une part, ces analyses ne s'intéressent pas aux différents segments qui composent le marché du travail (jeunes, âges moyens, vieux travailleurs) et se contentent de suggérer que les difficultés actuelles des travailleurs âgés pourraient disparaître de facto avec la raréfaction du facteur travail ; d'autre part, ces analyses ne s'intéressent que peu aux fondements microéconomiques des évolutions des marchés du travail. Par ailleurs, les études empiriques font souvent l'impasse sur les caractéristiques institutionnelles. Nous avons fait le choix d'une modélisation mésoéconomique. Le modèle est un modèle d'équilibre dans lequel les travailleurs appartenant à une classe d'âge différente participent à des marchés du travail a priori segmentés. L'une des raisons pour lesquelles nous avons choisi de segmenter la pyramide des âges actives en plusieurs marchés du travail tient notamment au salaire de réservation : le revenu alternatif que peuvent attendre des agents diffère selon leur âge ; les jeunes peuvent avoir accès au RMI et les plus âgés à une pension dite de " préretraite ", par exemple. Autrement dit, la capacité de négociation des différentes classes d'âge est différente. Notre modèle se situe dans un cadre simple d'appariement avec marché du travail segmenté ; nous distinguons 5 catégories d'agents : les travailleurs jeunes (moins de 30 ans), les 30-55 ans, les plus de 55 ans, les inactifs jeunes (moins de 20 ans) et vieux (plus de 65 ans). Les projections démographiques utilisées pour faire évoluer la pyramide des âges sont celles qui résultent des travaux effectués au CEPII. Les taux d'activité résultent des probabilités de transition issues de l'Enquête emploi. Il y a 4 agents économiques distincts : les entreprises, les ménages, catégories auxquelles il faut ajouter une caisse d'assurance-chômage ainsi qu'une caisse d'assurance-vieillesse. L'équilibre de ces dernières est mécaniquement assuré par l'ajustement des taux de cotisation. On a donc des effets qui dépendent, d'une part, de la manière dont s'effectuent les négociations, et d'autre part, de l'incidence du vieillissement et des passages par la pré-retraite et le chômage sur l'équilibre des 2 caisses d'assurance sociale. Les effets démographiques sont prépondérants dans le cas où les salaires demeurent donnés (i.e dans le cas où la démographie ne modifient pas les rapports de force entre salariés et entreprises) alors que les effets liés au rééquilibrage des caisses d'assurance sont prépondérants dans le cas ou il y a modification des rapports de force (modèle avec endogénéisation des salaires) : dans ce cas, il y a augmentation du chômage pour l'ensemble des catégories de travailleurs. L'augmentation massive des cotisations-retraite suite au vieillissement de la pyramide des âges, a pour effet, lorsque les cotisations sont à la charge des actifs, une augmentation du coin fiscal (la différence entre le salaire net et le coût du travail) qui se solde par une augmentation du taux de chômage. Dans le cas polaire, si les ajustements se font par un ajustement des taux de remplacement, il n'y a dans ce cas plus d'effet de coin fiscal, on retrouve les effets purement démographiques.

The Evolution of Population Theory

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Author :
Publisher : Praeger
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Population Theory by : Johannes Overbeek

Download or read book The Evolution of Population Theory written by Johannes Overbeek and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1977-02-25 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Demographic Challenges in America's Future

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780833004208
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Demographic Challenges in America's Future by : William P. Butz

Download or read book Demographic Challenges in America's Future written by William P. Butz and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From an examination of post-World War II events, this report distills a specific scenario of how demographic and economic phenomena may evolve over the next several decades. The authors focus on birthrates, population redistribution, documented and undocumented immigration, wages and unemployment, women's labor market participation, and retirement ages. The changes likely to occur in these areas will present private and public decisionmakers in the United States with important challenges. The authors discuss these challenges for education, health care, Social Security, and military preparedness.

International Migration for Employment

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis International Migration for Employment by : Raouf Daboussi

Download or read book International Migration for Employment written by Raouf Daboussi and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Demographic Dividend

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Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0833033735
Total Pages : 127 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis The Demographic Dividend by : David Bloom

Download or read book The Demographic Dividend written by David Bloom and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2003-02-13 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is long-standing debate on how population growth affects national economies. A new report from Population Matters examines the history of this debate and synthesizes current research on the topic. The authors, led by Harvard economist David Bloom, conclude that population age structure, more than size or growth per se, affects economic development, and that reducing high fertility can create opportunities for economic growth if the right kinds of educational, health, and labor-market policies are in place. The report also examines specific regions of the world and how their differing policy environments have affected the relationship between population change and economic development.

The Current Population Survey of the United States

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Current Population Survey of the United States by : Robert B. Pearl

Download or read book The Current Population Survey of the United States written by Robert B. Pearl and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

An Econometric Analysis of Individual Unemployment Duration in West Germany

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642502989
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis An Econometric Analysis of Individual Unemployment Duration in West Germany by : Eckhard Wurzel

Download or read book An Econometric Analysis of Individual Unemployment Duration in West Germany written by Eckhard Wurzel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In contemporary labor economics increasing attention is paid to the fact that unemployment is not only a stock but also a flow phenomenon. The present micro-econometric study analyses the impact of important socio-economic characteristics on unemployment duration in West Germany. Based on a search theoretic framework unemployment duration is considered as a stochastic process whose evolution is influenced by economicand demographic variables like unemployment benefits, expected wage offers, training and age. This is modeled by application of the concept of the hazard rate which denotes the conditional exit rate from unemployment over time given elapsed unemployment duration. Contrasting more traditional models a semi-parametric approachis chosen which reduces the danger of mis-specification of the stochastic duration process. This procedure also is particularly suitable for the analysis of grouped observations on unemployment duration typically generated by longitudinal data sets as the German "Socio-Economic Panel" which is utilized for this study. Besides deriving a set of empirical results on unemployment duration in West Germanymethodological issues of duration analysis are considered with particular attention paid to the impact of the sample design. Also, important outcomes from search theory and findings from other hazard rate analysesare surveyed.

How Population Change Will Transform Our World

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198784090
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis How Population Change Will Transform Our World by : Sarah Harper

Download or read book How Population Change Will Transform Our World written by Sarah Harper and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In How Population Will Transform Our World , Sarah Harper looks at fertility rates and age structures of populations in different regions of the world against the backdrop of urbanization and climate change, drawing out the profound implications and challenges for societies, economies, and the environment in the decades to come.

Global Trends in Gulf and Middle East Population Evolution

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Trends in Gulf and Middle East Population Evolution by : Hichem Karoui

Download or read book Global Trends in Gulf and Middle East Population Evolution written by Hichem Karoui and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Middle East and North Africa are a long-term demographic nightmare. The US Census Bureau estimates that the Middle East is a region where the population will nearly double between now and 2030. Some of the most important, and sometimes troubled, countries in the region will experience explosive population growth. Population growth presents major problems for infrastructure. Much of the region has become a permanent food importer. Employment and education will be critical challenges to regional stability... All these and other features make the Middle East less competitive with the leading developing regions despite the recent boom in oil prices... The trends in population growth actually represent potential threats to security and stability. Yet, despite the extreme sensitivity of these themes, we can hardly say that demographic evolution in the Middle East is considered as an issue deserving the same concern in the U.S. official spheres than energy, Islamism rise, non-conventional armament programs, etc. Actually, neither the president of the United States nor any high-ranking official in his administration seem concerned for example about the fact that about 2010 the pool of unemployed Arabs is expected to reach 25 million. True, this is first and above all an Arab problem. Yet, if the expectations are accurate, by 2050, according to the latest UN projections, the population growth rate of the Muslim world will converge on that of the United States (although it will be much higher than Europe's or China's). In the focus on the political processes in the Middle East, the demographic issue goes almost unnoticed, although this is the very source of future problems. However, we just ask: what will become of those 25 million idle young men in an Arab world where violence and terrorism seem to be generated by local as well as regional and international political interests, where the perspectives seem locked up and the future unsure and unsafe? What would we do of some reports claiming that the next civilisation clash will not spare the West, since some Islamist thinkers believe that Islam has one generation in which to establish a global theocracy before hitting a demographic barrier? Islam has enough young men, they claim, to fight a war during the next 30 years. Because of mass migration to Western Europe - which will be the attracting perspective for the expected 25 million unemployed Arabs - the worst of the war might be fought on European soil.

Changing Family Dynamics and Demographic Evolution

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Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1785364987
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (853 download)

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Book Synopsis Changing Family Dynamics and Demographic Evolution by : Dimitri Mortelmans

Download or read book Changing Family Dynamics and Demographic Evolution written by Dimitri Mortelmans and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether considered from an American or a European perspective, the past four decades have seen family life become increasingly complex. Changing Family Dynamics and Demographic Evolution examines the various stages of change through the image of a kaleidoscope, providing new insights into the field of family dynamics and diversity.

Economic Evolution and Demographic Change

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642488080
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (424 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Evolution and Demographic Change by : Günter Haag

Download or read book Economic Evolution and Demographic Change written by Günter Haag and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The articles collected in this volume have two features in common: they wantto integrate economics, demography and geography, and they want to overcome the stationary approach in modelling in favour of a dynamic one. The book is subdivided into three parts, where Part I is focussing on economic evolution, Part II on geographical development and Part III is related to demographic change. The present volume aims at providing a new look at this triangle in view of the classical background of discussions by introducing new research ideas focussing in nonlinear dynamics and stochastic modelling. Thus the main purpose of this book is to make a contribution to the interdisciplinary work needed to integrate the effortsbetween these three research fields and to serve as a research source in demonstrating the current state of art in dynamic modelling. The book isaddressed to social scientists in general, and those in particular with a background in economics, geographics and demographics. It should also be of interest to mathematicians, physicists, and systems analysts interested in model building and applications of nonlinear dynamics.

The Demographic Evolution of Surinam 1920-1970

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Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004286950
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis The Demographic Evolution of Surinam 1920-1970 by : H.E. Lamur

Download or read book The Demographic Evolution of Surinam 1920-1970 written by H.E. Lamur and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2014-10-22 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Transatlantic Divide

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199204527
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis Transatlantic Divide by : Alberto Martinelli

Download or read book Transatlantic Divide written by Alberto Martinelli and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-11-08 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States of America and the European Union are the two strongest economic powers in the contemporary world. This volume describes, interprets, and analyzes the key social trends in the EU and the USA over the last 50 years.

Unemployment Insurance Statistics

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Unemployment Insurance Statistics by : United States. Bureau of Employment Security

Download or read book Unemployment Insurance Statistics written by United States. Bureau of Employment Security and published by . This book was released on 1967-05 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin by :

Download or read book Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Demographic Evolution Through Time in European Regions (Demeter 2015)

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Demographic Evolution Through Time in European Regions (Demeter 2015) by : Roel Haverkate

Download or read book Demographic Evolution Through Time in European Regions (Demeter 2015) written by Roel Haverkate and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

World Population Policies

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400728360
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis World Population Policies by : John F. May

Download or read book World Population Policies written by John F. May and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-30 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the history behind the formulation, implementation, and evaluation of population policies in the more developed, the less developed, and the least developed countries from 1950 until today, as well as their future prospects. It links population policies with the theories of the demographic, epidemiological, and migratory transitions. It begins by summarizing the demographic situation around the world, with an emphasis on population policies and their underlying theories. Then, it reviews the early efforts to reduce mortality and fertility in the developing countries. This is followed by a description of the internationalization of the debate on population issues and the transformation of these programs into more formal population policies, particularly in the developing countries. The book reviews also the situation of the developed countries and their specific challenges – sub-replacement fertility, population aging, and immigration – and examines the effectiveness of population policies. It also explores the way forward and future prospects for population policies over the next decades. The book provides numerous concrete examples from all over the world, and show how population policies are actually implemented and what have been their successes as well as their constraints. Above all, the book highlights the importance of understanding underlying demographic trends when assessing the development prospects of any country. The book is recommended for not only demographers, social scientists, and policymakers but also economists and political scientists who are interested in social and demographic change around the world. Demography students and researchers who are interested in applying knowledge on population trends and prospects in designing and evaluating public policies will find this an invaluable reference work.