Deference In International Courts And Tribunals

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Deference in International Courts and Tribunals

Author : Lukasz Gruszczynski
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191026506
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Deference in International Courts and Tribunals by : Lukasz Gruszczynski

Download or read book Deference in International Courts and Tribunals written by Lukasz Gruszczynski and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-10-09 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International courts and tribunals are often asked to review decisions originally made by domestic decision-makers. This can often be a source of tension, as the international courts and tribunals need to judge how far to defer to the original decisions of the national bodies. As international courts and tribunals have proliferated, different courts have applied differing levels of deference to those originial decisions, which can lead to a fragmentation in international law. International courts in such positions rely on two key doctrines: the standard of review and the margin of appreciation. The standard of review establishes the extent to which national decisions relating to factual, legal, or political issues arising in the case are re-examined in the international court. The margin of appreciation is the extent to which national legislative, executive, and judicial decision-makers are allowed to reflect diversity in their interpretation of human rights obligations. The book begins by providing an overview of the margin of appreciation and standard of review, recognising that while the margin of appreciation explicitly acknowledges the existence of such deference, the standard of review does not: it is rather a procedural mechanism. It looks in-depth at how the public policy exception has been assessed by the European Court of Justice and the WTO dispute settlement bodies. It examines how the European Court of Human Rights has taken an evidence-based approach towards the margin of appreciation, as well as how it has addressed issues of hate speech. The Inter-American system is also investigated, and it is established how far deference is possible within that legal organisation. Finally, the book studies how a range of other international courts, such as the International Criminal Court, and the Law of the Sea Tribunal, have approached these two core doctrines.

Judicial Deference in International Adjudication

Author : Johannes Hendrik Fahner
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1509932305
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Judicial Deference in International Adjudication by : Johannes Hendrik Fahner

Download or read book Judicial Deference in International Adjudication written by Johannes Hendrik Fahner and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-08-06 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International courts and tribunals are increasingly asked to pass judgment on matters that are traditionally considered to fall within the domestic jurisdiction of States. Especially in the fields of human rights, investment, and trade law, international adjudicators commonly evaluate decisions of national authorities that have been made in the course of democratic procedures and public deliberation. A controversial question is whether international adjudicators should review such decisions de novo or show deference to domestic authorities. This book investigates how various international courts and tribunals have responded to this question. In addition to a comparative analysis, the book provides a normative argument, discussing whether different forms of deference are justified in international adjudication. It proposes a distinction between epistemic deference, which is based on the superior capacity of domestic authorities to make factual and technical assessments, and constitutional deference, which is based on the democratic legitimacy of domestic decision-making. The book concludes that epistemic deference is a prudent acknowledgement of the limited expertise of international adjudicators, whereas the case for constitutional deference depends on the relative power of the reviewing court vis-à-vis the domestic legal order.

Judging at the Interface

Author : Esmé Shirlow
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108490972
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Judging at the Interface by : Esmé Shirlow

Download or read book Judging at the Interface written by Esmé Shirlow and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-18 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates how international adjudicators defer to State decision-making authority, and what that reveals about the domestic-international interface.

Regime Interaction in International Law

Author : Margaret A. Young
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139504932
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (395 download)

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Book Synopsis Regime Interaction in International Law by : Margaret A. Young

Download or read book Regime Interaction in International Law written by Margaret A. Young and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-01-12 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This major extension of existing scholarship on the fragmentation of international law utilises the concept of 'regimes' from international law and international relations literature to define functional areas such as human rights or trade law. Responding to existing approaches, which focus on the resolution of conflicting norms between regimes, it contains a variety of critical, sociological and doctrinal perspectives on regime interaction. Leading international law scholars and practitioners reflect on how, in situations of diversity and concurrent activity, such interaction shapes and controls knowledge and norms in often hegemonic ways. The contributors draw on topical examples of interacting regimes, including climate, trade and investment regimes, to argue for new methods of regime interaction. Together, the essays combine approaches from international, transnational and comparative constitutional law to provide important insights into an issue that continues to challenge international legal theory and practice.

The Interpretation of International Law by Domestic Courts

Author : Helmut Philipp Aust
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191059412
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Interpretation of International Law by Domestic Courts by : Helmut Philipp Aust

Download or read book The Interpretation of International Law by Domestic Courts written by Helmut Philipp Aust and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-01-21 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Interpretation of International Law by Domestic Courts assesses the growing role of domestic courts in the interpretation of international law. It asks whether and if so to what extent domestic courts make use of the international rules of interpretation set forth in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Given the expectation that rules of international law are to have a uniform interpretation and application throughout the world, the practice of domestic courts is considerably more diverse. The contributions to this book analyse three key questions: first, whether international law requires a coherent interpretive approach by domestic courts. Second, whether a common or convergent methodological outlook can be found in domestic court practice. Third, whether a common interpretive approach is desirable from a normative perspective. The book identfies a considerable tension between international law's ambition for universal and uniform application and a plurality of different approaches. This tension between unity and diversity is analysed by a group of leading international lawyers from a wide range of geographical, disciplinary and methodological approaches. Drawing on domestic practice of number of jurisdictions including, among others, Colombia, France, Japan, India, Israel, Mexico, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States, the book puts the interpretative practice of domestic courts in a wider context. Its chapters offer doctrinal, practical as well as theoretical perspectives on a central question for international law.

The Performance of International Courts and Tribunals

Author : Theresa Squatrito
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108425690
Total Pages : 471 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis The Performance of International Courts and Tribunals by : Theresa Squatrito

Download or read book The Performance of International Courts and Tribunals written by Theresa Squatrito and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-05 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the contributions of international courts and tribunals in terms of performance by offering a comparative analysis of international courts.

Secondary Rules of Primary Importance in International Law

Author : Gábor Kajtár
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192695614
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Secondary Rules of Primary Importance in International Law by : Gábor Kajtár

Download or read book Secondary Rules of Primary Importance in International Law written by Gábor Kajtár and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-10-31 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this edited volume is the often-overlooked importance of secondary rules of international law. Secondary rules of international law-such as attribution, causality, and the standard and burden of proof-have often been neglected in scholarly literature and have seen fragmented application in international legal practice. Yet the systemic nature of international law entails that coherent and consistent application of such rules is a key element in reinforcing the legitimacy of decisions of international courts and tribunals. Accelerated development of international law and international litigation, coupled with the fragmented nature of the adjudicatory terrain calls for theoretical scrutiny and systemic analysis of the developments in the judicial treatment of secondary rules. This publication makes three important contributions to the study of secondary rules. First, it offers a comprehensive, expert doctrinal analysis of how standard of review, causation, evidentiary rules, and attribution operate in the case law of international courts or tribunals in fields spanning human rights, trade, investment, and humanitarian law. Second, it comparatively evaluates the divergent layers of meanings and normative expectations attached to secondary rules in international law scholarship as well as in the judicial practice of international courts and tribunals. Finally, the book investigates the role that secondary rules play in the development of the primary rules in international law and for the legitimacy of the decisions of international courts and tribunals. Earlier scholarly works have not problematized the role of secondary rules of international law in adjudication thoroughly. Secondary Rules of Primary Importance in International Law seeks to fill this gap by emphasizing the consequential nature of these secondary rules and argues that the outcome of litigation is fundamentally shaped by the exact standard of proof, standard of review, or attribution basis that is chosen by adjudicators. As such, the book offers an important resource for the study and practice of international law against the backdrop of the wide-ranging and fragmented nature of international adjudication.

The Standard of Review before the International Court of Justice

Author : Felix Fouchard
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1509971327
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis The Standard of Review before the International Court of Justice by : Felix Fouchard

Download or read book The Standard of Review before the International Court of Justice written by Felix Fouchard and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2024-05-02 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how the International Court of Justice (ICJ) reviews State behaviour through the prism of the standard of review. It develops a novel rationale to support the ICJ's application of deferential standards of review as a judicial avoidance technique, based on strategic considerations. It then goes on to empirically assess all 31 decisions of the Court in which the standard of review was at issue, showing how the Court determines that standard, and answering the question of whether it varies its review intensity strategically. As a result, the book's original contribution is two-fold: establishing a new rationale for judicial deference (that can be applied to all international courts and tribunals); and providing the first comprehensive, empirical analysis of the ICJ's standards of review. It will be beneficial to all scholars of the Court and those interested in judicial strategy.

Judging at the Interface

Author : Esmé Shirlow
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108853021
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Judging at the Interface by : Esmé Shirlow

Download or read book Judging at the Interface written by Esmé Shirlow and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-18 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how the Permanent Court of International Justice, the International Court of Justice, the European Court of Human Rights, and investment treaty tribunals have used deference to recognise the decision making authority of States. It analyses the approaches to deference taken by these four international courts and tribunals in 1,714 decisions produced between 1924 and 2019 concerning alleged State interferences with private property. The book identifies a large number of techniques capable of achieving deference to domestic decision-making in international adjudication. It groups these techniques to identify seven distinct 'modes' of deference reflecting differently structured relationships between international adjudicators and domestic decision-makers. These differing approaches to deference are shown to hold systemic significance. They reveal the shifting nature and structure of adjudication under international law and its relationship to domestic decision making authority.

Contract Interpretation in Investment Treaty Arbitration

Author : Yuliya Chernykh
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004414703
Total Pages : 629 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Contract Interpretation in Investment Treaty Arbitration by : Yuliya Chernykh

Download or read book Contract Interpretation in Investment Treaty Arbitration written by Yuliya Chernykh and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-01-17 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contracts are relevant, frequently central, for a significant number of investment disputes. Yet, the way tribunals ascertain their content remains largely underexplored. How do tribunals interpret contracts in investment treaty arbitration? How should they interpret contracts? Does national law have any role to play? Contract Interpretation in Investment Treaty Arbitration: A Theory of the Incidental Issue addresses these questions. The monograph offers a valuable insight into the practice and theory of contract interpretation in investment treaty arbitration. By proposing a theoretical frame for seamless integration of contract interpretation into the overall structure of decision-making, the book contributes to predictability, coherence, sufficiency and correctness of the tribunals’ interpretative practices in investment treaty arbitration.

The International Judge

Author : Daniel Terris
Publisher : UPNE
ISBN 13 : 9781584656661
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (566 download)

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Book Synopsis The International Judge by : Daniel Terris

Download or read book The International Judge written by Daniel Terris and published by UPNE. This book was released on 2007 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An interdisciplinary introduction to international judges and their work

Regulating Jurisdictional Relations Between National and International Courts

Author : Yuval Shany
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 9780199563852
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (638 download)

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Book Synopsis Regulating Jurisdictional Relations Between National and International Courts by : Yuval Shany

Download or read book Regulating Jurisdictional Relations Between National and International Courts written by Yuval Shany and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-02-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book investigates the problems of increased interaction between national and international courts: What is the proper order of the proceedings? Should national and international proceedings take place concurrently? In particular, it advocates the use of judicial comity as a method for mitigating jurisdictional tensions between the courts.

The Law and Practice of the International Criminal Court

Author : Carsten Stahn
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198705166
Total Pages : 1441 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis The Law and Practice of the International Criminal Court by : Carsten Stahn

Download or read book The Law and Practice of the International Criminal Court written by Carsten Stahn and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 1441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Criminal Court has significantly grown in importance and impact over the decade of its existence. This book assesses its impact, providing a comprehensive overview of its practice. It shows how the court has contributed to major developments in international criminal law, and identifies the ways in which it is in need of reform.

Deference in International Courts and Tribunals

Author : Lukasz Gruszczynski
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 019871694X
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Deference in International Courts and Tribunals by : Lukasz Gruszczynski

Download or read book Deference in International Courts and Tribunals written by Lukasz Gruszczynski and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International courts use two key methodologies to determine the degree of deference granted to states in their implementation of international obligations: the standard of review and margin of appreciation. This book investigates how these doctrines are applied in international courts, analysing where their approaches converge and diverge.

Legitimacy and International Courts

Author : Harlan Grant Cohen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110842385X
Total Pages : 397 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Legitimacy and International Courts by : Harlan Grant Cohen

Download or read book Legitimacy and International Courts written by Harlan Grant Cohen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-02-22 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An interdisciplinary volume exploring the concept of legitimacy in relation to international courts and what can drive and weaken it.

International Court Authority

Author : Mikael Rask Madsen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192515047
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis International Court Authority by : Mikael Rask Madsen

Download or read book International Court Authority written by Mikael Rask Madsen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-28 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An innovative, interdisciplinary and far-reaching examination of the actual reality of international courts, International Court Authority challenges fundamental preconceptions about when, why, and how international courts become important and authoritative actors in national, regional, and international politics. A stellar group of scholars investigate the challenges that international courts face in transforming the formal legal authority conferred by states into an actual authority in fact that is respected by potential litigants, national actors, legal communities, and publics. Alter, Helfer, and Madsen provide a novel framework for conceptualizing international court authority that focuses on the reactions and practices of these key audiences. Eighteen scholars from the disciplines of law, political science and sociology apply this framework to study thirteen international courts operating in Africa, Latin America, and Europe, as well as on a global level. Together the contributors document and explore important and interesting variations in whether the audiences that interact with international courts around the world embrace or reject the rulings of these judicial institutions. Alter, Helfer, and Madsen's authority framework recognizes that international judges can and often do everything they 'should' do to ensure that their rulings possess the gravitas and stature that national courts enjoy. Yet even when imbued with these characteristics, the parties to the dispute, potential future litigants, and the broader set of actors that monitor and respond to the court's activities may fail to acknowledge the rulings as binding or take meaningful steps to modify their behaviour in response to them. For both specific judicial institutions, and more generally, the book documents and explains why most international courts possess de facto authority that is partial, variable, and highly dependent on a range of different audiences and contexts - and thus is highly fragile. An introduction situates the book's unique approach to conceptualizing international court authority within theoretical debates about the authority of global institutions. International Court Authority also includes critical reflections on the authority framework from legal theorists, international relations scholars, a philosopher, and an anthropologist. The book's conclusion questions a number of widely shared assumptions about how social and political contexts facilitate or undermine international courts in developing de facto authority and political power.

Failings of the International Court of Justice

Author : A. Mark Weisburd
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199364079
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis Failings of the International Court of Justice by : A. Mark Weisburd

Download or read book Failings of the International Court of Justice written by A. Mark Weisburd and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-11-20 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Failings of the International Court of Justice critically examines the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice. Even though the legal instrument that establishes the Court provides that its judgments have no formal precedential value, those judgments are treated as authoritative by international lawyers throughout the world. In this book, A. Mark Weisburd argues that the Court's decisions are, in a large minority of cases, poorly reasoned and doubtful as a matter of law, and therefore ought not to be accorded the deference they receive. The book seeks to demonstrate its thesis by a careful review of the Court's errors. It begins with an examination of the law that created and empowered the Court. It then describes the body of law upon which the Court was intended to base its decisions, and the mistakes in the arguments supporting the Court's drawing legal rules from other sources. The book goes on to analyze in detail cases in which the Court has made serious legal errors, first addressing procedural errors, then turning to mistakes in the application of substantive international law. The book closes with a quantitative summing up of the Court's performance, and a tentative explanation for its relatively disappointing record.