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Deep Geothermal Reservoir Temperatures In The Eastern Snake River Plain Idaho Using Multicomponent Geothermometry
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Book Synopsis Deep Geothermal Reservoir Temperatures in the Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho Using Multicomponent Geothermometry by :
Download or read book Deep Geothermal Reservoir Temperatures in the Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho Using Multicomponent Geothermometry written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Geological survey has estimated that there are up to 4,900 MWe of undiscovered geothermal resources and 92,000 MWe of enhanced geothermal potential within the state of Idaho. Of particular interest are the resources of the Eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) which was formed by volcanic activity associated with the relative movement of the Yellowstone Hot Spot across the state of Idaho. This region is characterized by a high geothermal gradient and thermal springs occurring along the margins of the ESRP. Masking much of the deep thermal potential of the ESRP is a regionally extensive and productive cold-water aquifer. We have undertaken a study to infer the temperature of the geothermal system hidden beneath the cold-water aquifer of the ESRP. Our approach is to estimate reservoir temperatures from measured water compositions using an inverse modeling technique (RTEst) that calculates the temperature at which multiple minerals are simultaneously at equilibrium while explicitly accounting for the possible loss of volatile constituents (e.g., CO2), boiling and/or water mixing. In the initial stages of this study, we apply the RTEst model to water compositions measured from a limited number of wells and thermal springs to estimate the regionally extensive geothermal system in the ESRP.
Book Synopsis Potential Hydrothermal Resource Temperatures in the Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho by :
Download or read book Potential Hydrothermal Resource Temperatures in the Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) in southern Idaho is a region of high heat flow. Sustained volcanic activities in the wake of the passage of the Yellowstone Hotspot have turned this region into an area with great potential for geothermal resources as evidenced by numerous hot springs scattered along the margins of the plain and several hot-water producing wells and hot springs within the plain. Despite these thermal expressions, it is hypothesized that the pervasive presence of an overlying groundwater aquifer in the region effectively masks thermal signatures of deep-seated geothermal resources. The dilution of deeper thermal water and re-equilibration at lower temperature are significant challenges for the evaluation of potential resource areas in the ESRP. Over the past several years, we collected approximately 100 water samples from springs/wells for chemical analysis as well as assembled existing water chemistry data from literature. We applied several geothermometric and geochemical modeling tools to these chemical compositions of ESRP water samples. Geothermometric calculations based on principles of multicomponent equilibrium geothermometry with inverse geochemical modeling capability (e.g., Reservoir Temperature Estimator, RTEst) have been useful for the evaluation of reservoir temperatures. RTEst geothermometric calculations of ESRP thermal water samples indicated numerous potential geothermal areas with elevated reservoir temperatures. Specifically, areas around southern/southwestern side of the Bennett Hills and within the Camas Prairies in the western-northwestern regions of the ESRP and its margins suggest temperatures in the range of 140-200°C. In the northeastern portions of the ESRP, Lidy Hot Springs, Ashton, Newdale, and areas east of Idaho Falls have expected reservoir temperature =140 °C. In the southern ERSP, areas near Buhl and Twin Falls are found to have elevated temperatures as high as 160 °C. These areas are likely to host potentially economic geothermal resources; however, further detailed study is warranted to each site to evaluate hydrothermal suitability for economic use.
Book Synopsis Mixing Effects on Geothermometric Calculations of the Newdale Geothermal Area in the Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho by :
Download or read book Mixing Effects on Geothermometric Calculations of the Newdale Geothermal Area in the Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Newdale geothermal area in Madison and Fremont Counties in Idaho is a known geothermal resource area whose thermal anomaly is expressed by high thermal gradients and numerous wells producing warm water (up to 51 °C). Geologically, the Newdale geothermal area is located within the Eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) that has a time-transgressive history of sustained volcanic activities associated with the passage of Yellowstone Hotspot from the southwestern part of Idaho to its current position underneath Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming. Locally, the Newdale geothermal area is located within an area that was subjected to several overlapping and nested caldera complexes. The Tertiary caldera forming volcanic activities and associated rocks have been buried underneath Quaternary flood basalts and felsic volcanic rocks. Two southeast dipping young faults (Teton dam fault and an unnamed fault) in the area provide the structural control for this localized thermal anomaly zone. Geochemically, water samples from numerous wells in the area can be divided into two broad groups - Na-HCO3 and Ca-(Mg)-HCO3 type waters and are considered to be the product of water-rhyolite and water-basalt interactions, respectively. Each type of water can further be subdivided into two groups depending on their degree of mixing with other water types or interaction with other rocks. For example, some bivariate plots indicate that some Ca-(Mg)-HCO3 water samples have interacted only with basalts whereas some samples of this water type also show limited interaction with rhyolite or mixing with Na-HCO3 type water. Traditional geothermometers [e.g., silica variants, Na-K-Ca (Mg-corrected)] indicate lower temperatures for this area; however, a traditional silica-enthalpy mixing model results in higher reservoir temperatures. We applied a new multicomponent equilibrium geothermometry tool (e.g., Reservoir Temperature Estimator, RTEst) that is based on inverse geochemical modeling which explicitly accounts for boiling, mixing, and CO2 degassing. RTEst modeling results indicate that the well water samples are mixed with up to 75% of the near surface groundwater. Relatively, Ca-(Mg)-HCO3 type water samples are more diluted than the Na-HCO3 type water samples. However, both water types result in similar reservoir temperatures, up to 150 °C. Samples in the vicinity of faults produced higher reservoir temperatures than samples away from the faults. Although both the silica-enthalpy mixing and RTEst models indicated promising geothermal reservoir temperatures, evaluation of the subsurface permeability and extent of the thermal anomaly is needed to define the hydrothermal potential of the Newdale geothermal resource.
Book Synopsis Geothermal Reservoir Temperatures in Southeastern Idaho Using Multicomponent Geothermometry by :
Download or read book Geothermal Reservoir Temperatures in Southeastern Idaho Using Multicomponent Geothermometry written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Southeastern Idaho exhibits numerous warm springs, warm water from shallow wells, and hot water within oil and gas test wells that indicate a potential for geothermal development in the area. Although the area exhibits several thermal expressions, the measured geothermal gradients vary substantially (19 - 61 oC/km) within this area, potentially suggesting a redistribution of heat in the overlying ground water from deeper geothermal reservoirs. We have estimated reservoir temperatures from measured water compositions using an inverse modeling technique (Reservoir Temperature Estimator, RTEst) that calculates the temperature at which multiple minerals are simultaneously at equilibrium while explicitly accounting for the possible loss of volatile constituents (e.g., CO2), boiling and/or water mixing. Compositions of a selected group of thermal waters representing southeastern Idaho hot/warm springs and wells were used for the development of temperature estimates. The temperature estimates in the the region varied from moderately warm (59 oC) to over 175 oC. Specifically, hot springs near Preston, Idaho resulted in the highest temperature estimates in the region.
Book Synopsis Geothermal Resources of Southern Idaho by : Don R. Mabey
Download or read book Geothermal Resources of Southern Idaho written by Don R. Mabey and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Geochemistry Sampling for Traditional and Multicomponent Equilibrium Geothermometry in Southeast Idaho by :
Download or read book Geochemistry Sampling for Traditional and Multicomponent Equilibrium Geothermometry in Southeast Idaho written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) is an area of high regional heat flux due the movement of the North American Plate over the Yellowstone Hotspot beginning ca. 16 Ma. Temperature gradients between 45-60 °C/km (up to double the global average) have been calculated from deep wells that penetrate the upper aquifer system (Blackwell 1989). Despite the high geothermal potential, thermal signatures from hot springs and wells are effectively masked by the rapid flow of cold groundwater through the highly permeable basalts of the Eastern Snake River Plain aquifer (ESRPA) (up to 500+ m thick). This preliminary study is part of an effort to more accurately predict temperatures of the ESRP deep thermal reservoir while accounting for the effects of the prolific cold water aquifer system above. This study combines the use of traditional geothermometry, mixing models, and a multicomponent equilibrium geothermometry (MEG) tool to investigate the geothermal potential of the ESRP. In March, 2014, a collaborative team including members of the University of Idaho, the Idaho National Laboratory, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory collected 14 thermal water samples from and adjacent to the Eastern Snake River Plain. The preliminary results of chemical analyses and geothermometry applied to these samples are presented herein.
Book Synopsis Geothermal Resources of Southern Idaho by :
Download or read book Geothermal Resources of Southern Idaho written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The geothermal resource of southern Idaho as assessed by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1978 is large. Most of the known hydrothermal systems in southern Idaho have calculated reservoir temperatures of less than 150 C. Water from many of these systems is valuable for direct heat applications. A majority of the known and inferred geothermal resources of southern Idaho underlie the Snake River Plain. However, major uncertainties exist concerning the geology and temperatures beneath the plain. The largest hydrothermal system in Idaho is in the Bruneau-Grang View area of the western Snake River Plain with a calculated reservoir temperature of 107 C and an energy of 4.5 x 10 to the 20th power joules. No evidence of higher temperature water associated with this system was found. Although the geology of the eastern Snake River Plain suggests that a large thermal anomaly may underlie this area of the plain, direct evidence of high temperatures was not found. Large volumes of water at temperatures between 90 and 150 C probably exist along the margins of the Snake River Plain and in local areas north and south of the plain.
Book Synopsis Chemistry Data for Geothermometry Mapping of Deep Hydrothermal Reservoirs in Southeastern Idaho by :
Download or read book Chemistry Data for Geothermometry Mapping of Deep Hydrothermal Reservoirs in Southeastern Idaho written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dataset includes chemistry of geothermal water samples of the Eastern Snake River Plain and surrounding area. The samples included in this dataset were collected during the springs and summers of 2014 and 2015. All chemical analysis of the samples were conducted in the Analytical Laboratory at the Center of Advanced Energy Studies in Idaho Falls, Idaho. This data set supersedes #425 submission and is the final submission for AOP 3.1.2.1 for INL. Isotopic data collected by Mark Conrad will be submitted in a separate file.
Book Synopsis Evidence for Mixing and Re-equilibration in the Twin Falls--Banbury Hydrothermal System and Its Effects on Reservoir Temperature Estimation by : Cody J. Cannon
Download or read book Evidence for Mixing and Re-equilibration in the Twin Falls--Banbury Hydrothermal System and Its Effects on Reservoir Temperature Estimation written by Cody J. Cannon and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Twin Falls--Banbury area is one of many Known Geothermal Resource Areas located along the periphery of the Eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP). The ESRP is a topographical plain, which was formed by the bimodal volcanism of successive caldera formations associated with the migration of the Yellowstone Hot Spot over the last 16 Ma. Despite temperature gradients of 45-60 °C/km (double the global average) and high heat flow values (110 mW/m2), geothermal utilization within the ESRP is largely limited to direct use with no commercial geothermal development. A gradational trend between deep rhyolite derived Na-K-HCO3 waters of the deep system and basalt hosted Ca-Mg-HCO3 thermal water is observed in deep exploration wells. Mixing between the fluids of the deep system and cooler overlying groundwater as well as re-equilibration of thermal fluids during ascension are considered possibilities that may explain this trend and the low geothermometry temperature estimations of the area. The Twin Falls--Banbury area was chosen as the location for an in depth investigation into the possibility of geothermal mixing and re-equilibration as an explanation for the lower than expected geothermometry. Evidence for mixing is provided by partial equilibration conditions in most thermal samples as well as a variety of linear mixing trends between both conservative chemical species (Cl, B, [delta] D, etc.) and more reactive species (Ca, Mg, Na, and K). The reactive species show two distinct chemical trends between the two water types that may constitute evidence for different flow paths and/or re-equilibration of thermal fluids at lower temperatures. Multicomponent equilibrium geothermometry (MEG) analysis through the inverse modeling tool RTEst (Palmer, 2013) provides more reliable reservoir temperature estimates for the area through the use of likely reservoir mineral assemblages and the compensation of a mixing component. Results from MEG also support the possibility of re-equilibration. The combination of MEG, high temperature water-rock interaction experiments, and local geological and hydrological data have resulted in a revised conceptual flow model of the Twin Falls--Banbury hydrothermal system.
Book Synopsis Hydrogeochemistry, geothermometry, and structural setting of Thermal Springs in northern Utah and southeastern Idaho by : Brennan Young
Download or read book Hydrogeochemistry, geothermometry, and structural setting of Thermal Springs in northern Utah and southeastern Idaho written by Brennan Young and published by Utah Geological Survey. This book was released on 2013-08-15 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This CD contains a 29-page report conducted by undergraduate researchers at Utah State University during 2010 and 2011 under the direction of Dr. James P. Evans. It includes data collected from hot springs in northern Utah and southeastern Idaho, including location, temperature, acidity, salinity, cation concentrations, and maximum reservoir temperature estimates acquired through the application of several cation geothermometers.
Book Synopsis Wellbore and Groundwater Temperature Distribution Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho by :
Download or read book Wellbore and Groundwater Temperature Distribution Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A map of groundwater temperatures from the Eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) regional aquifer can be used to identify and interpret important features of the aquifer, including aquifer flow direction, aquifer thickness, and potential geothermal anomalies. The ESRP is an area of high heat flow, yet most of this thermal energy fails to reach the surface, due to the heat being swept downgradient by the aquifer to the major spring complexes near Thousand Springs, ID, a distance of 300 km. Nine deep boreholes that fully penetrate the regional aquifer display three common features: (1) high thermal gradients beneath the aquifer, corresponding to high conductive heat flow in low-permeability hydrothermally-altered rocks; (2) isothermal temperature profiles within the aquifer, characteristic of an actively flowing groundwater; and (3) moderate thermal gradients in the vadose zone with values that indicate that over half of the geothermal heat flow is removed by advective transport in the regional aquifer system. This study utilized temperature data from 250 ESRP aquifer wells to evaluate regional aquifer flow direction, aquifer thickness, and potential geothermal anomalies. Because the thermal gradients are typically low in the aquifer, any measurement of groundwater temperature is a reasonable estimate of temperature throughout the aquifer thickness, allowing the construction of a regional aquifer temperature map for the ESRP. Mapped temperatures are used to identify cold thermal plumes associated with recharge from tributary valleys and adjacent uplands, and warm zones associated with geothermal input to the aquifer. Warm zones in the aquifer can have various causes, including local circulation of groundwater through the deep conductively dominated region, slow groundwater movement in low-permeability regions, or localized heat flow from deeper thermal features.
Book Synopsis Stochastic and Analytical Exploration of Enhanced Geothermal System Viability on the Snake River Plain, Idaho by : Alex C. Moody
Download or read book Stochastic and Analytical Exploration of Enhanced Geothermal System Viability on the Snake River Plain, Idaho written by Alex C. Moody and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geothermal energy depends on high geothermal gradients, adequate permeability and accessible groundwater supply to support heat exchange with surrounding rock. Some regions may have an adequate heat resource but lack the necessary permeability or deep circulating water. Exploitation of such areas for geothermal energy could occur if permeability can be enhanced enough to provide the necessary heat exchange. This process would produce what is termed an 'enhanced geothermal system' (EGS). The Snake River Plain in southern Idaho is a high heat flux (110 mW/m2) region that has been recommended as an EGS target. We consider how the geologic and thermal history of the SRP might influence its EGS potential. We describe core recovered from one of the few deep boreholes located on the SRP. Fracture distribution data are then used to estimate cooling of water temperatures from a production well using a semi-analytical heat transfer model. Results delineate criteria for a hydraulic fracturing plan for augmenting the permeability and connectivity of the reservoir's preexisting fracture network.
Book Synopsis Geothermal Investigations in Idaho by :
Download or read book Geothermal Investigations in Idaho written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Geothermal Investigations in Idaho. Part 8. Heat Flow Study of the Snake River Plain Region, Idaho by :
Download or read book Geothermal Investigations in Idaho. Part 8. Heat Flow Study of the Snake River Plain Region, Idaho written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Snake River Plain of Idaho has recent lava flows and a large number of thermal springs and wells. A heat flow study was initiated which, together with available geological and geophysical information, allows a better definition of the geothermal resource and evaluation of the geothermal potential. Local geothermal anomalies were not the objects of this study and have not been studied in detail. The quality of the heat flow values obtained varies as interpretation was necessary to determine geothermal gradients for many of the holes which had disturbances. A major problem in determining the heat flow values is the lack of knowledge of the in situ porosity of the rocks. The heat flow values obtained for the Eastern Snake River Plain are from shallow wells (
Book Synopsis Geothermal Gradient Study of the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory Test Site, Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho by : David D. Blackwell
Download or read book Geothermal Gradient Study of the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory Test Site, Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho written by David D. Blackwell and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Geothermal Alteration of Basaltic Core from the Snake River Plain, Idaho by : Christopher Joseph Sant
Download or read book Geothermal Alteration of Basaltic Core from the Snake River Plain, Idaho written by Christopher Joseph Sant and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Snake River Plain is located in the southern part of the state of Idaho. The eastern plain, on which this study focuses, is a trail of volcanics from the Yellowstone hotspot. Three exploratory geothermal wells were drilled on the Snake River Plain. This project analyzes basaltic core from the first well at Kimama, north of Burley, Idaho. The objectives of this project are to establish zones of geothermal alteration and analyze the potential for geothermal power production using sub-aquifer resources on the axial volcanic zone of the Snake River Plain. Thirty samples from 1,912 m of core were sampled and analyzed for clay content and composition using X-ray diffraction. Observations from core samples and geophysical logs are also used to establish alteration zones. Mineralogical data, geophysical log data and physical characteristics of the core suggest that the base of the Snake River Plain aquifer at the axial zone is located 960m below the surface, much deeper than previously suspected. Swelling smectite clay clogs pore spaces and reduces porosity and permeability to create a natural base to the aquifer. Increased temperatures favor the formation of smectite clay and other secondary minerals to the bottom of the hole. Below 960 m the core shows signs of alteration including color change, formation of clay, and filling of other secondary minerals in vesicles and fractured zones of the core. The smectite clay observed is Fe-rich clay that is authigenic in some places. Geothermal power generation may be feasible using a low temperature hot water geothermal system if thermal fluids can be attained near the bottom of the Kimama well. (113 pages)
Book Synopsis Hydrology and Geochemistry of Thermal Ground Water in Southwestern Idaho and North-central Nevada by : Harold William Young
Download or read book Hydrology and Geochemistry of Thermal Ground Water in Southwestern Idaho and North-central Nevada written by Harold William Young and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
