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Decontamination Of Chemical Agent Contaminated Structures And Equipment
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Book Synopsis Decontamination of Chemical Agent Contaminated Structures and Equipment by :
Download or read book Decontamination of Chemical Agent Contaminated Structures and Equipment written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Operations involving chemical agents such as manufacture, loading, storage, and demilitarization have resulted in the contamination of buildings and a wide variety of processing equipment. The contamination has been caused by a number of chemical agents with the most persistent being mustard agents. Materials that are contaminated include concrete (in floors and walls), metals (in piping and process equipment), and wood. All of these materials exist in both painted and unpainted forms. Many of the contaminated facilities have potential reuses or monetary value as excess property if they can be properly decontaminated. Much of the contaminated process equipment also has monetary value as scrap material if properly decontaminated. Currently this value cannot be realized since the only acceptable decontamination method involves destruction and incineration of the contaminated material. Past efforts at resolving this situation have identified some 56 concepts that could be utilized, with 5 having been evaluated under laboratory conditions. These concepts include thermal, abrasive, chemical, and extractive removal schemes. Each of these technologies was evaluated based on destruction efficiency, mass transfer, safety, damage to existing materials, penetration depth, applicability to complex surfaces, cost, and waste management. Based on these comparisons, hot gas technology was identified as the most suitable methodology. Currently, a full-scale demonstration is in the design phase for implementation at Rocky Mountain Arsenal. The chosen site was originally contaminated with mustard and mustard degradation by-products from past demilitarization activities. The building contains concrete approximately 18 inches thick, large metal storage tanks, process piping, motors, and pumps.
Book Synopsis Guide for Decontaminating Buildings, Structures, and Equipment at Superfund Sites by :
Download or read book Guide for Decontaminating Buildings, Structures, and Equipment at Superfund Sites written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Skin Decontamination by : Hanjiang Zhu
Download or read book Skin Decontamination written by Hanjiang Zhu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-26 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The skin is the first line of defense against chemical warfare agents including nerve agents and toxic industrial chemicals, providing a possible barrier or delay to systemic distribution. However, some chemicals act directly on the skin including vesicants sulfur mustard and corrosive compounds such as strong acids or bases, and do not have to gain access to systemic circulation to cause extensive skin damage. Early and rapid skin decontamination is extremely important following exposure to chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial chemicals because it decreases serious skin damage to the patient and, potentially, their doctor. This multi-authored international text pulls together a century of decontamination research and helps the reader expedite solutions that will decrease morbidity and mortality. Complete with dozens of hiqh quality photographs and illustrations, Skin Decontamination aids industrial hygiene, dermatology, occupational physicians and those involved in the public health arena.
Author :United States Chemical Warfare School (Edgewood Arsenal, Edgewood, Md.) Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :48 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Decontamination by : United States Chemical Warfare School (Edgewood Arsenal, Edgewood, Md.)
Download or read book Decontamination written by United States Chemical Warfare School (Edgewood Arsenal, Edgewood, Md.) and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chemical Decontamination Materials and Equipment. March 7, 1942 by : United States. Army. Chemical Corps
Download or read book Chemical Decontamination Materials and Equipment. March 7, 1942 written by United States. Army. Chemical Corps and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chemical Accident Contamination Control by : United States. Department of the Army
Download or read book Chemical Accident Contamination Control written by United States. Department of the Army and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Committee on R&D Needs for Improving Civilian Medical Response to Chemical and Biological Terrorism Incidents Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309523141 Total Pages :303 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (95 download)
Book Synopsis Chemical and Biological Terrorism by : Committee on R&D Needs for Improving Civilian Medical Response to Chemical and Biological Terrorism Incidents
Download or read book Chemical and Biological Terrorism written by Committee on R&D Needs for Improving Civilian Medical Response to Chemical and Biological Terrorism Incidents and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-02-26 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The threat of domestic terrorism today looms larger than ever. Bombings at the World Trade Center and Oklahoma City's Federal Building, as well as nerve gas attacks in Japan, have made it tragically obvious that American civilians must be ready for terrorist attacks. What do we need to know to help emergency and medical personnel prepare for these attacks? Chemical and Biological Terrorism identifies the R&D efforts needed to implement recommendations in key areas: pre-incident intelligence, detection and identification of chemical and biological agents, protective clothing and equipment, early recognition that a population has been covertly exposed to a pathogen, mass casualty decontamination and triage, use of vaccines and pharmaceuticals, and the psychological effects of terror. Specific objectives for computer software development are also identified. The book addresses the differences between a biological and chemical attack, the distinct challenges to the military and civilian medical communities, and other broader issues. This book will be of critical interest to anyone involved in civilian preparedness for terrorist attack: planners, administrators, responders, medical professionals, public health and emergency personnel, and technology designers and engineers.
Book Synopsis Decontamination of Warfare Agents by : Andre Richardt
Download or read book Decontamination of Warfare Agents written by Andre Richardt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-06-25 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on results previously restricted for military use and inaccessible to the public, this practice-oriented handbook introduces the use of enzymes for fast and efficient decontamination of B/C weapons in various scenarios, including terrorist attacks. It draws on the internationally recognized technological leadership of the German armed forces, whose anti-B/C technology is among the most advanced worldwide. The text is rounded off with a look at future perspectives.
Book Synopsis Guide for Decontaminating Buildings, Structures, and Equipment at Superfund Sites by :
Download or read book Guide for Decontaminating Buildings, Structures, and Equipment at Superfund Sites written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scheel, David (comedian/pianist) by :
Download or read book Scheel, David (comedian/pianist) written by and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Material in the Australian performing arts programs and ephemera (PROMPT) collection consists of programs and related items for Australian performing arts organisations, Australian artists performing overseas, professional productions performed in Australia (including those featuring overseas performers) and overseas performances of Australian plays, music, etc.
Book Synopsis Assessment of Agent Monitoring Strategies for the Blue Grass and Pueblo Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plants by : National Research Council
Download or read book Assessment of Agent Monitoring Strategies for the Blue Grass and Pueblo Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plants written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-10-21 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: January 2012 saw the completion of the U.S. Army's Chemical Materials Agency's (CMA's) task to destroy 90 percent of the nation's stockpile of chemical weapons. CMA completed destruction of the chemical agents and associated weapons deployed overseas, which were transported to Johnston Atoll, southwest of Hawaii, and demilitarized there. The remaining 10 percent of the nation's chemical weapons stockpile is stored at two continental U.S. depots, in Lexington, Kentucky, and Pueblo, Colorado. Their destruction has been assigned to a separate U.S. Army organization, the Assembled Chemical Weapons Alternatives (ACWA) Element. ACWA is currently constructing the last two chemical weapons disposal facilities, the Pueblo and Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plants (denoted PCAPP and BGCAPP), with weapons destruction activities scheduled to start in 2015 and 2020, respectively. ACWA is charged with destroying the mustard agent stockpile at Pueblo and the nerve and mustard agent stockpile at Blue Grass without using the multiple incinerators and furnaces used at the five CMA demilitarization plants that dealt with assembled chemical weapons - munitions containing both chemical agents and explosive/propulsive components. The two ACWA demilitarization facilities are congressionally mandated to employ noncombustion-based chemical neutralization processes to destroy chemical agents. In order to safely operate its disposal plants, CMA developed methods and procedures to monitor chemical agent contamination of both secondary waste materials and plant structural components. ACWA currently plans to adopt these methods and procedures for use at these facilities. The Assessment of Agent Monitoring Strategies for the Blue Grass and Pueblo Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plants report also develops and describes a half-dozen scenarios involving prospective ACWA secondary waste characterization, process equipment maintenance and changeover activities, and closure agent decontamination challenges, where direct, real-time agent contamination measurements on surfaces or in porous bulk materials might allow more efficient and possibly safer operations if suitable analytical technology is available and affordable.
Book Synopsis Manual on Decontamination of Surfaces by : International Atomic Energy Agency
Download or read book Manual on Decontamination of Surfaces written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of Novel Decontamination Techniques for Chemical Agents (GB, VX, HD) Contaminated Facilities. Phase II. Laboratory Evaluation of Novel Agent Decontamination Concepts by :
Download or read book Development of Novel Decontamination Techniques for Chemical Agents (GB, VX, HD) Contaminated Facilities. Phase II. Laboratory Evaluation of Novel Agent Decontamination Concepts written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hot gases, steam, FREON, vapor circulation, flashblast, monoethanolamine, ammonia, ammonia/steam, and an aqueous solution of n- octylpyridinium 4-aldoxime bromide (OPAB) were experimentally evaluated for their effectiveness in decontaminating HD, GB and VX. Emphasis was placed on the concepts ability to decontaminate these agents spiked onto painted and unpainted mild and stainless steels and unpainted porous materials. The experimental data demonstrated that the hot gas, steam and OPAB concepts were effective decontaminants for each agent/material combination investigated. An engineering/ economic analysis suggested that either hot gas or steam decontamination of field structures contaminated throughout with agent is feasible. Specific applications for OPAB were identified. In terms of cost, the hot gas concept is preferred over the steam concept. Analytical method development activities indicate that HD, GB and VX interact with concrete. The interaction, possibly a chemical reaction, may obviate the need to decontaminate unpainted concrete in the field, especially in the case of the nerve agents GB and VX.
Book Synopsis Reopening Public Facilities After a Biological Attack by : National Research Council
Download or read book Reopening Public Facilities After a Biological Attack written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-08-18 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anthrax attacks in fall 2001 spurred an extensive and costly decontamination effort where many decisions had to be made about which sites required cleanup, what method to use, how to determine the effectiveness of the cleanup, and how "clean" the building had to be for reoccupation. As part of a project funded by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and managed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the National Research Council was asked to consider the criteria that must be met for a cleanup to be declared successful, allowing the reoccupation of a facility. The report finds that efficiently sampling and characterizing a pathogen is critical for choosing the best remediation strategy. However, there should be no universal standard for deciding when a building is safe to re-enter because varying pathogen amounts and characteristics could require different strategies. The report offers a flowchart for decision-makers that includes questions about the characteristics of the pathogen; how far it has spread; whether it is transmissible between humans; and how long it will survive to pose a threat. The report also recommends that a risk-assessment approach be adopted as part of a strategy for achieving a "socially acceptable" standard for cleanup.
Book Synopsis Occupational Health and Workplace Monitoring at Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities by : National Research Council
Download or read book Occupational Health and Workplace Monitoring at Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-02-01 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In keeping with a congressional mandate (Public Law 104-484) and the Chemical Weapons Convention, the United States is currently destroying its chemical weapons stockpile. The Army must ensure that the chemical demilitarization workforce is protected from the risks of exposure to hazardous chemicals during disposal operations and during and after facility closure. Good industrial practices developed in the chemical and nuclear energy industries and other operations that involve the processing of hazardous materials include workplace monitoring of hazardous species and a systematic occupational health program for monitoring workers' activities and health. In this report, the National Research Council Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program examines the methods and systems used at JACADS and TOCDF, the two operational facilities, to monitor the concentrations of airborne and condensed-phase chemical agents, agent breakdown products, and other substances of concern. The committee also reviews the occupational health programs at these sites, including their industrial hygiene and occupational medicine components. Finally, it evaluates the nature, quality, and utility of records of workplace chemical monitoring and occupational health programs.
Book Synopsis Decontamination in Hospitals and Healthcare by : James T. Walker
Download or read book Decontamination in Hospitals and Healthcare written by James T. Walker and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-11-26 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decontamination in Hospitals and Healthcare, Second Edition, enables users to obtain detailed knowledge of decontamination practices in healthcare settings, including surfaces, devices, clothing and people, with a specific focus on hospitals and dental clinics. Offers in-depth coverage of all aspects of decontamination in healthcare Examines the decontamination of surgical equipment and endoscopes Expanded to include new information on behavioral principles in decontamination, control of microbiological problems, waterborne microorganisms, pseudomonas and the decontamination of laundry
Book Synopsis Technology Reference Guide for Radiologically Contaminated Surfaces by : United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Download or read book Technology Reference Guide for Radiologically Contaminated Surfaces written by United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-30 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technology Reference Guide For Radiologically Contaminated Surfaces
