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Author : John T. Hauck
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (144 download)
Download or read book Dechlorination of Hexachlorobutadiene by Catalyzed Zero-valent Iron written by John T. Hauck and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Processes Affecting Reductive Dechlorination of Chlorinated Solvents by Zero-Valent Iron written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zero-valent iron may participate in the reductive dechlorination process by three different mechanisms: direct, electrolytic reduction; reduction by hydrogen produced during the corrosion process; and reduction by dissolved (ferrous) iron that is also produced by corroding iron. The first step of electrolytic reduction is presumably, the transfer of one electron from the metal surface to the organic molecule. This results in an organic anion radical that may then lose a halide anion to give a carbon-centered radical, and oxidized iron, which is eventually released to the solution as Fe(2+). The goal of our research is to provide a comprehensive survey of the mechanisms that affect the performance of this reactive barrier technology.
Author : Amanda S. Mutziger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Factors Affecting the Reductive Dechlorination of Carbon Tetrachloride by Zero-valent Iron written by Amanda S. Mutziger and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Bradley R. Helland
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (361 download)
Download or read book Dechlorination of Carbon Tetrachloride with Zero-valent Iron Under Initially Oxic and Anoxic Conditions written by Bradley R. Helland and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Wijesinghage Buddhika Gunawardana
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Pentachlorophenol Dechlorination Using Zero Valent Iron and Nickel-iron Bimetallics written by Wijesinghage Buddhika Gunawardana and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zero Valent Iron (ZVI) systems are used to treat chlorinated phenols (CPs) contaminated waters. In these systems CPs removal occurs by different pathways with a complex dependence on many variables. This research studied pentachlorophenol (PCP) removal by ZVI and Ni/Fe bimetals to decipher some of the complex dependencies and resolve contradictions reported in the literature. The influence of key variables was studied; including the mineralogy of the iron oxides on the ZVI surface, methods of preparing Ni/Fe bimetallics, dissolved oxygen (DO), and the presence of nitrate. PCP removal was also compared with that of lower CPs including tetra-, tri- and di-chlorinated phenols. Batch and column experiments were performed. Gas chromatography was used to analyse the solution phase CPs and Raman spectroscopy was used to identify the oxides on the ZVI surface. At least two different theories have been promoted about the fundamental CP removal processes in ZVI based systems; CP dechlorination and CP incorporation with the oxides which includes sorption, co-precipitation and/or physical entrapment. This thesis provides insights that both incorporation and dechlorination can be dominant depending on the system characteristics. For example, CPs with higher degree of chlorination tended to exhibit greater dechlorination while CPs with lower degree of chlorination showed greater incorporation with the oxides. Nitrate competed with PCP for electrons, led to the formation of lepidocrocite, hematite, goethite within the first 24 hours of reaction and significantly decreased the PCP dechlorination using ZVI and bimetallic system of ZVI mixed with Ni (Nis/Fe). When nitrate was present, PCP removal occurred mainly due to incorporation with the oxides and only partial PCP dechlorination transpired. Further, the DO competed with PCP for electrons and led to the formation of maghemite, hematite, lepidocrocite, which resulted in significantly lower PCP dechlorination by ZVI or Ni coated ZVI (Nic/Fe) bimetallic system. In preparing the Nic/Fe, immersing ZVI that had coatings of wustite/magnetite or only magnetite in a NiSO4/H2SO4 solution resulted in Ni0 depositing, as discrete Ni particles or a thin film, respectively. The deposited Ni0 particles led to enhanced PCP dechlorination, while, the thin film led to decreased PCP dechlorination compared to the unmodified ZVI. The Nis/Fe bimetal, prepared with ZVI consisted of only magnetite, resulted in a significant increase in PCP dechlorination compared to the Nic/Fe and ZVI systems. The Nis/Fe bimetal achieved complete dechlorination of PCP and 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol as well as their lower CPs daughter products with phenol and/or cyclohexanol being the final product(s).
Author : Anwar Kabir
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (615 download)
Download or read book Dechlorination of Chlorinated Organic Compounds by Zero-valent and Bimetallic Mixture written by Anwar Kabir and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Organochlorine (OC) compounds that include several pesticides as well as an array of industrial chemicals were very efficacious for their intended use but were also characterized by deleterious environmental impacts when released either intentionally or inadvertently. Their lipophilic nature, long persistence in the environment and threat to human health caused all the developed countries to ban the production of these chemicals as well as restricted the use of formulations containing these material for food production." --
Author : Eric D. van Hullebusch
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030403483
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)
Download or read book Environmental Soil Remediation and Rehabilitation written by Eric D. van Hullebusch and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-22 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of innovative remediation techniques and strategies for soils contaminated by heavy metals or organic compounds (e.g. petroleum hydrocarbons, NAPLs and chlorinated organic compounds). It discusses various novel chemical remediation approaches (in-situ and ex-situ) used alone and in combination with physical and/or thermal treatment. Further, it addresses the recovery of NAPLs, reuse of leaching solutions, and in-situ chemical reduction and oxidation, and explores the chemical enhancement of physical NAPLs recovery from both practical and theoretical perspectives. Also presenting the state-of-the-art in waste-assisted bioremediation to improve soil quality and the remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons, the book is a valuable resource for students, researchers and R&D professionals in industry engaged in the treatment of contaminated soils.
Author : Rajeev Kumar
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 981159239X
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)
Download or read book New Frontiers of Nanomaterials in Environmental Science written by Rajeev Kumar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-20 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the detail information about nanoparticles, their types, characterization techniques such as TEM, FESEM, AFM, XRD etc. nanogenotoxicity, metal and metal oxide nanoparticle’s toxicity, physical and chemical characterization of nanomaterials, entry routes, cell-nano interaction studies, possible impacts to the human kind, and on the methods of evaluating the toxicity. It puts together comprehensive and up-to-date information about sustainable approaches in making an eco-friendly environment using advanced nanotechnologies. It educated readers about the new frontiers and scope of employing various state-of-art nano-technologies to clean-up and save our environment. This book will be of interest to teachers, researchers, environmental biotechnologists, capacity builders and policymakers. Also the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture, environmental sciences, environmental engineering and biotechnology.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030909447X
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Contaminants in the Subsurface written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-04-23 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At hundreds of thousands of commercial, industrial, and military sites across the country, subsurface materials including groundwater are contaminated with chemical waste. The last decade has seen growing interest in using aggressive source remediation technologies to remove contaminants from the subsurface, but there is limited understanding of (1) the effectiveness of these technologies and (2) the overall effect of mass removal on groundwater quality. This report reviews the suite of technologies available for source remediation and their ability to reach a variety of cleanup goals, from meeting regulatory standards for groundwater to reducing costs. The report proposes elements of a protocol for accomplishing source remediation that should enable project managers to decide whether and how to pursue source remediation at their sites.
Author : Olcay Tunay
Publisher : IWA Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1843393077
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (433 download)
Download or read book Chemical Oxidation Applications for Industrial Wastewaters written by Olcay Tunay and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10-12 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the most recent scientific and technological developments (state-of-the-art) in the field of chemical oxidation processes applicable for the efficient treatment of biologically-difficult-to-degrade, toxic and/or recalcitrant effluents originating from different manufacturing processes. It is a comprehensive review of process and pollution profiles as well as conventional, advanced and emerging treatment processes & technologies developed for the most relevant and pollution (wet processing)-intensive industrial sectors. It addresses chemical/photochemical oxidative treatment processes, case-specific treatability problems of major industrial sectors, emerging (novel) as well as pilot/full-scale applications, process integration, treatment system design & sizing criteria (figure-of-merits), cost evaluation and success stories in the application of chemical oxidative treatment processes. Chemical Oxidation Applications for Industrial Wastewaters is an essential reference for lecturers, researchers, industrial and environmental engineers and practitioners working in the field of environmental science and engineering. Visit the IWA WaterWiki to read and share material related to this title: http://www.iwawaterwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Articles/CHEMICALOXIDATIONAPPLICATIONSFORINDUSTRIALWASTEWATERS Authors: Professor Olcay Tünay, Professor Isik Kabdasli, Associate Professor Idil Arslan-Alaton and Assistant Professor Tugba Ölmez-Hanci, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey.
Author : Richard M. Stuetz
Publisher : IWA Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1843390264
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (433 download)
Download or read book Principles of Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes written by Richard M. Stuetz and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2009-09-30 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes is the third book in the Water and Wastewater Process Technologies Series. The book outlines the principle unit operations that are involved in the separation, degradation and utilisation of organic and inorganic matter during water and wastewater treatment. The module builds on the subjects of chemistry, biology and engineering covered in Process Science and Engineering for Water and Wastewater Treatment (Module 1) and provides a descriptive introduction to unit operations that are further described with design and operational details in later books in the series. The text of Principles of Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes has been divided into the following Units: Water Quality Process Flowsheeting Physical Processes Chemical Processes Sorption Processes Biological Processes Membrane Processes Sludge Treatment Utilisation Odour Management These units have has been designed for individual self-paced study that includes photographs, illustrations and tables and describe the form, function and application of unit operations for the treatment of water and wastewater. Each section of the text gives step-by-step learning in a particular subject, that includes an approximation of how long you will need to spend on that section and provides key points that highlight the principles of the different sections. Each unit includes exercises to help understand the material in the text, self-assessment questions to test your understanding and text references.
Author : Ruth Stringer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401598134
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)
Download or read book Chlorine and the Environment written by Ruth Stringer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to examine comprehensively the chlorine industry and its effects on the environment. It covers not only the history of chlorine production, but also looks at its products, their effects on the global environment, and the international legislation which controls their use, release, and disposal. Individual chapters are dedicated to subjects such as releases of organochlorines into the environment, and the environmental impact of ozone depletion, providing simple explanations of these complex issues. These are backed up with case studies of landmark events in the history of the chlorine industry - for example the Seveso explosion or the Yusho and Yu-Cheng mass poisonings. With a clear, concise text and numerous compilations of critical data, this book will prove an invaluable source reference for environmental scientists, students, and policy makers with an interest in this subject.
Author : Bohuslav Dobias
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780585363059
Total Pages : 722 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (63 download)
Download or read book Coagulation and Flocculation written by Bohuslav Dobias and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1993-01-19 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume details the thermodynamics and kinetics of the adsorption of surfactants and polymers on solids, as well as coagulation and flocculation mechanisms - demonstrating the applicability of the newest theoretical approaches on practical systems.;Written by over 15 international experts in the field, Coagulation and Flocculation: treats the Gouy-Chapman theory of an isolated planar charged surface and the DLVO theory describing the interaction between two identical charged surfaces; shows which energies are responsible for structure formation, what types of structure can be built in diluted and concentrated systems and how such structures can be studied and characterized; describes the interplay between interface and hydrodynamic forces and derives equations for calculating their individual probabilities; examines the use of microscopy, photography, individual particle sensors, sedimentation and light scattering to measure aggregate size distributions; and discusses methods for forming ceramics and the effects of improvements in powder packing and the stabilization of powder suspensions on processing steps.
Author : Raymond N. Yong
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849382895
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (828 download)
Download or read book Geoenvironmental Engineering written by Raymond N. Yong and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-09-25 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do some contaminants remain in soils indefinitely? How much of a threat do they pose to human health or the environment? The need for effective and economic site decontamination arises daily. Geoenvironmental Engineering: Contaminated Soils, Pollutant Fate, and Mitigation discusses why soils remain contaminated, focusing on the development of the factors, properties, characteristics, and parameters of soils and individual contaminants. Subjects covered include the basic properties of soils affecting accumulation of contaminants, long-term retention of contaminants and their fate, including the development of intermediate products. The author emphasizes the factors, interactions, and mechanisms important in the bonding and partitioning process. He provides the groundwork for determining the fate of pollutants in soils and sediments and their mitigation. Geoenvironmental Engineering: Contaminated Soils, Pollutant Fate, and Mitigation focuses on why soils and sediments remain contaminated, not how they became contaminated in the first place. You will understand why specific contaminants remain in soils and sediments, how much of a threat they pose to human health and the environment, and what steps to take for mitigation. With this information you can determine the extent of the contamination of soils and sediments, how long they will remain a threat, and what methods to use for their remediation.
Author : Lakshmi Reddi
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780203913734
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Geoenvironmental Engineering written by Lakshmi Reddi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-04-18 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applies science and engineering principles to the analysis, design, and implementation of technical schemes to characterize, treat, modify, and reuse/store waste and contaminated media. Includes site remediation.
Author : John H. Montgomery
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 682 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Groundwater Chemicals Desk Ref written by John H. Montgomery and published by Springer. This book was released on 1990 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : M. Elimelech
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080513573
Total Pages : 459 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Particle Deposition and Aggregation written by M. Elimelech and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-08-07 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deposition and aggregation of small solid particles are encountered in many natural and industrial environments. Whether it be deposition of particles onto a surface immersed in a liquid suspension or aggregateion of individual particles, these processes are of enotmous significance. They are vital to the manufacture of magnetic tape, purification of water using packed bed filters, selective capture of solids, cells and macromolecular species, and many other applications. This book presents a unified approach to the measurement, modelling and simulation of these processes, bringing together the disciplines of colliod and surface chemistry, hydrodynamics, and experimental and computational methods. It will be required reading for graduates working in process and environmental engineering, postgraduates involved in industrial R & D and for all scientists wishing to gain a more detailed and realistic understanding of process conditions in these areas.
