Data Based Radiation Oncology Design Of Clinical Trials

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Data-Based Radiation Oncology – Design of Clinical Trials

Author : Kerstin A. Kessel
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 288945438X
Total Pages : 109 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis Data-Based Radiation Oncology – Design of Clinical Trials by : Kerstin A. Kessel

Download or read book Data-Based Radiation Oncology – Design of Clinical Trials written by Kerstin A. Kessel and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-04-12 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In radiation oncology as in many other specialties clinical trials are essential to investigate new therapy approaches. Usually, preparation for a prospective clinical trial is extremely time consuming until ethics approval is obtained. To test a new treatment usually many years pass before it can be implemented in the routine care. During that time, already new interventions emerge, new drugs appear on the market, technical & physical innovations are being implemented, novel biology driven concepts are translated into clinical approaches while we are still investigating the ones from years ago. Another problem is associated with molecular diagnostics and the growing amount of tumor specific biomarkers which allows for a better stratification of patient subgroups. On the other side, this may result in a much longer time for patient recruiting and consequently in larger multicenter trials. Moreover, all of the relevant data must be readily available for treatment decision making, treatment as well as follow-up, and ultimately for trial evaluation. This challenges even more for agreed standards in data acquisition, quality and management. How could we change the way currently clinical trials are performed in a way they are safe and ethically justifiable and speed up the initiation process, so we can provide new and better treatments faster for our patients? Further, while we rely on various quantitative information handling distributed, large heterogeneous amounts of data efficiently is very important. Thus data management becomes a strong focus. A good infrastructure helps to plan, tailor and conduct clinical trials in a way they are easy and quickly analyzable. In this research topic we want to discuss new ideas for intelligent trial designs and concepts for data management.

Oncology Clinical Trials

Author : Susan Halabi, PhD
Publisher : Demos Medical Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1935281763
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis Oncology Clinical Trials by : Susan Halabi, PhD

Download or read book Oncology Clinical Trials written by Susan Halabi, PhD and published by Demos Medical Publishing. This book was released on 2009-12-22 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical trials are the engine of progress in the development of new drugs and devices for the detection, monitoring, prevention and treatment of cancer. A well conceived, carefully designed and efficiently conducted clinical trial can produce results that change clinical practice overnight, deliver new oncology drugs and diagnostics to the marketplace, and expand the horizon of contemporary thinking about cancer biology. A poorly done trial does little to advance the field or guide clinical practice, consumes precious clinical and financial resources and challenges the validity of the ethical contract between investigators and the volunteers who willingly give their time and effort to benefit future patients. With chapters written by oncologists, researchers, biostatisticians, clinical research administrators, and industry and FDA representatives, Oncology Clinical Trials, provides a comprehensive guide for both early-career and senior oncology investigators into the successful design, conduct and analysis of an oncology clinical trial. Oncology Clinical Trials covers how to formulate a study question, selecting a study population, study design of Phase I, II, and III trials, toxicity monitoring, data analysis and reporting, use of genomics, cost-effectiveness analysis, systemic review and meta-analysis, and many other issues. Many examples of real-life flaws in clinical trials that have been reported in the literature are included throughout. The book discusses clinical trials from start to finish focusing on real-life examples in the development, design and analysis of clinical trials. Oncology Clinical Trials features: A systematic guide to all aspects of the design, conduct, analysis, and reporting of clinical trials in oncology Contributions from oncologists, researchers, biostatisticians, clinical research administrators, and industry and FDA representatives Hot topics in oncology trials including multi-arm trials, meta-analysis and adaptive design, use of genomics, and cost-effectiveness analysis Real-life examples from reported clinical trials included throughout

Handbook of Statistics in Clinical Oncology

Author : John Crowley
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 142002776X
Total Pages : 642 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Statistics in Clinical Oncology by : John Crowley

Download or read book Handbook of Statistics in Clinical Oncology written by John Crowley and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-12-01 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compendium of cutting-edge statistical approaches to solving problems in clinical oncology, Handbook of Statistics in Clinical Oncology, Second Edition focuses on clinical trials in phases I, II, and III, proteomic and genomic studies, complementary outcomes and exploratory methods. Cancer Forum called the first edition a

Clinical Trials in Oncology, Third Edition

Author : Stephanie Green
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439814481
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Clinical Trials in Oncology, Third Edition by : Stephanie Green

Download or read book Clinical Trials in Oncology, Third Edition written by Stephanie Green and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-05-09 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third edition of the bestselling Clinical Trials in Oncology provides a concise, nontechnical, and thoroughly up-to-date review of methods and issues related to cancer clinical trials. The authors emphasize the importance of proper study design, analysis, and data management and identify the pitfalls inherent in these processes. In addition, the book has been restructured to have separate chapters and expanded discussions on general clinical trials issues, and issues specific to Phases I, II, and III. New sections cover innovations in Phase I designs, randomized Phase II designs, and overcoming the challenges of array data. Although this book focuses on cancer trials, the same issues and concepts are important in any clinical setting. As always, the authors use clear, lucid prose and a multitude of real-world examples to convey the principles of successful trials without the need for a strong statistics or mathematics background. Armed with Clinical Trials in Oncology, Third Edition, clinicians and statisticians can avoid the many hazards that can jeopardize the success of a trial.

Decision Making in Radiation Oncology

Author : Jiade J. Lu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642138322
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

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Book Synopsis Decision Making in Radiation Oncology by : Jiade J. Lu

Download or read book Decision Making in Radiation Oncology written by Jiade J. Lu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-22 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decision Making in Radiation Oncology is a reference book designed to enable radiation oncologists, including those in training, to make diagnostic and treatment decisions effectively and efficiently. The design is based on the belief that “a picture is worth a thousand words.” Knowledge is conveyed through an illustrative approach using algorithms, schemas, graphics, and tables. Detailed guidelines are provided for multidisciplinary cancer management and radiation therapy techniques. In addition to the attention-riveting algorithms for diagnosis and treatment, strategies for the management of disease at individual stages are detailed for all the commonly diagnosed malignancies. Clinical trials that have yielded “gold standard” treatment and their results are documented in the schemas. Moreover, radiation techniques, including treatment planning and delivery, are presented in an illustrative way. This groundbreaking publication is an essential tool for physicians in their daily clinical practice.

A National Cancer Clinical Trials System for the 21st Century

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309157870
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis A National Cancer Clinical Trials System for the 21st Century by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book A National Cancer Clinical Trials System for the 21st Century written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-07-08 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Cancer Institute's (NCI) Clinical Trials Cooperative Group Program has played a key role in developing new and improved cancer therapies. However, the program is falling short of its potential, and the IOM recommends changes that aim to transform the Cooperative Group Program into a dynamic system that efficiently responds to emerging scientific knowledge; involves broad cooperation of stakeholders; and leverages evolving technologies to provide high-quality, practice-changing research.

Translational Research in Cancer

Author : Sivapatham Sundaresan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781838805357
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis Translational Research in Cancer by : Sivapatham Sundaresan

Download or read book Translational Research in Cancer written by Sivapatham Sundaresan and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Toxicity Biomarkers

Author :
Publisher : IOS Press
ISBN 13 : 9781586035259
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis Toxicity Biomarkers by :

Download or read book Toxicity Biomarkers written by and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the dawn of civilization, humans have feared the unknown risks associated with the use of new natural herbs or other natural medications to cure their pain, aches and illnesses. In the ancient Indian Ayurvedic Medicine which is over 4000 years old, the Visha (poison) Tantra (wisdom) was developed as a discipline of medicine encompassing Toxicology and Preventive Medicines. Visha Tantra included the study of various toxic herbs and animals and their antidotes as well as the biomarkers of toxic effects. In the Visha Tantra and the practice of Ayurvedic medicine, there have been objective descriptions of the changes in colour and amount of urine, changes in the colour of nails, skin and eyes, breathing patterns, gastrointestinal disturbances, and precautionary measures to prevent adverse effects as biomarkers of toxicity associated with the use of herbal medicines and certain foods. The adverse effects are an inevitable outcome of the environmental and industrial chemicals and pharmaceuticals; however, efforts are ongoing to prevent unexpected life-threatening toxicities and/or irreversible organ damage.The search for non-invasive biomarkers that can be objectively linked to adverse effects associated with manmade synthetic chemicals, including pharmaceuticals and environmental pollutants, is becoming an important priority for academicians, federal agencies, pharmaceutical and industrial companies. This publication is devoted to toxicity biomarkers of target organs of toxicity and molecular epidemiology. It provides a comprehensive review of a wide spectrum of biomarkers, including molecular epidemiology biomarkers of aflatoxin and hepatitis B virus induced hepatocarcinogenesis, cytokines as the biomarkers of hepatocellular injury, drug-induced vascular injury, nephrotoxicity and reproductive toxicity biomarkers.

Medical Devices and the Public's Health

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309212421
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Medical Devices and the Public's Health by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Medical Devices and the Public's Health written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-11-25 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medical devices that are deemed to have a moderate risk to patients generally cannot go on the market until they are cleared through the FDA 510(k) process. In recent years, individuals and organizations have expressed concern that the 510(k) process is neither making safe and effective devices available to patients nor promoting innovation in the medical-device industry. Several high-profile mass-media reports and consumer-protection groups have profiled recognized or potential problems with medical devices cleared through the 510(k) clearance process. The medical-device industry and some patients have asserted that the process has become too burdensome and is delaying or stalling the entry of important new medical devices to the market. At the request of the FDA, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) examined the 510(k) process. Medical Devices and the Public's Health examines the current 510(k) clearance process and whether it optimally protects patients and promotes innovation in support of public health. It also identifies legislative, regulatory, or administrative changes that will achieve the goals of the 510(k) clearance process. Medical Devices and the Public's Health recommends that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration gather the information needed to develop a new regulatory framework to replace the 35-year-old 510(k) clearance process for medical devices. According to the report, the FDA's finite resources are best invested in developing an integrated premarket and postmarket regulatory framework.

Adaptive Radiation Therapy

Author : X. Allen Li
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439816352
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Adaptive Radiation Therapy by : X. Allen Li

Download or read book Adaptive Radiation Therapy written by X. Allen Li and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-01-27 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern medical imaging and radiation therapy technologies are so complex and computer driven that it is difficult for physicians and technologists to know exactly what is happening at the point-of-care. Medical physicists responsible for filling this gap in knowledge must stay abreast of the latest advances at the intersection of medical imaging an

Small Clinical Trials

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309171148
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Small Clinical Trials by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Small Clinical Trials written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical trials are used to elucidate the most appropriate preventive, diagnostic, or treatment options for individuals with a given medical condition. Perhaps the most essential feature of a clinical trial is that it aims to use results based on a limited sample of research participants to see if the intervention is safe and effective or if it is comparable to a comparison treatment. Sample size is a crucial component of any clinical trial. A trial with a small number of research participants is more prone to variability and carries a considerable risk of failing to demonstrate the effectiveness of a given intervention when one really is present. This may occur in phase I (safety and pharmacologic profiles), II (pilot efficacy evaluation), and III (extensive assessment of safety and efficacy) trials. Although phase I and II studies may have smaller sample sizes, they usually have adequate statistical power, which is the committee's definition of a "large" trial. Sometimes a trial with eight participants may have adequate statistical power, statistical power being the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the hypothesis is false. Small Clinical Trials assesses the current methodologies and the appropriate situations for the conduct of clinical trials with small sample sizes. This report assesses the published literature on various strategies such as (1) meta-analysis to combine disparate information from several studies including Bayesian techniques as in the confidence profile method and (2) other alternatives such as assessing therapeutic results in a single treated population (e.g., astronauts) by sequentially measuring whether the intervention is falling above or below a preestablished probability outcome range and meeting predesigned specifications as opposed to incremental improvement.

Evolution of Translational Omics

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309224187
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolution of Translational Omics by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Evolution of Translational Omics written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-09-13 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technologies collectively called omics enable simultaneous measurement of an enormous number of biomolecules; for example, genomics investigates thousands of DNA sequences, and proteomics examines large numbers of proteins. Scientists are using these technologies to develop innovative tests to detect disease and to predict a patient's likelihood of responding to specific drugs. Following a recent case involving premature use of omics-based tests in cancer clinical trials at Duke University, the NCI requested that the IOM establish a committee to recommend ways to strengthen omics-based test development and evaluation. This report identifies best practices to enhance development, evaluation, and translation of omics-based tests while simultaneously reinforcing steps to ensure that these tests are appropriately assessed for scientific validity before they are used to guide patient treatment in clinical trials.

Setting Up a Radiotherapy Programme

Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789201018076
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Setting Up a Radiotherapy Programme by : International Atomic Energy Agency

Download or read book Setting Up a Radiotherapy Programme written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication provides guidance for designing and implementing radiotherapy programmes, taking into account clinical, medical physics, radiation protection and safety aspects. It reflects current requirements for radiotherapy infrastructure in settings with limited resources. It will be of use to professionals involved in the development, implementation and management of radiotherapy programmes

Virtual Clinical Trials

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309494885
Total Pages : 127 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Virtual Clinical Trials by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Virtual Clinical Trials written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-11-16 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Successful drug development relies on accurate and efficient clinical trials to deliver the best and most effective pharmaceuticals and clinical care to patients. However, the current model for clinical trials is outdated, inefficient and costly. Clinical trials are limited by small sample sizes that do not reflect variations among patients in the real world, financial burdens on participants, and slow processes, and these factors contribute to the disconnect between clinical research and clinical practice. On November 28-29, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop to investigate the current clinical trials system and explore the potential benefits and challenges of implementing virtual clinical trials as an enhanced alternative for the future. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy

Author : Simon S. Lo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 364225604X
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy by : Simon S. Lo

Download or read book Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy written by Simon S. Lo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-28 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has emerged as an important innovative treatment for various primary and metastatic cancers. This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the physical/technological, biological, and clinical aspects of SBRT. It will serve as a detailed resource for this rapidly developing treatment modality. The organ sites covered include lung, liver, spine, pancreas, prostate, adrenal, head and neck, and female reproductive tract. Retrospective studies and prospective clinical trials on SBRT for various organ sites from around the world are examined, and toxicities and normal tissue constraints are discussed. This book features unique insights from world-renowned experts in SBRT from North America, Asia, and Europe. It will be necessary reading for radiation oncologists, radiation oncology residents and fellows, medical physicists, medical physics residents, medical oncologists, surgical oncologists, and cancer scientists.

A Guide to Outcome Modeling In Radiotherapy and Oncology

Author : Issam El Naqa
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429840357
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis A Guide to Outcome Modeling In Radiotherapy and Oncology by : Issam El Naqa

Download or read book A Guide to Outcome Modeling In Radiotherapy and Oncology written by Issam El Naqa and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores outcome modeling in cancer from a data-centric perspective to enable a better understanding of complex treatment response, to guide the design of advanced clinical trials, and to aid personalized patient care and improve their quality of life. It contains coverage of the relevant data sources available for model construction (panomics), ranging from clinical or preclinical resources to basic patient and treatment characteristics, medical imaging (radiomics), and molecular biological markers such as those involved in genomics, proteomics and metabolomics. It also includes discussions on the varying methodologies for predictive model building with analytical and data-driven approaches. This book is primarily intended to act as a tutorial for newcomers to the field of outcome modeling, as it includes in-depth how-to recipes on modeling artistry while providing sufficient instruction on how such models can approximate the physical and biological realities of clinical treatment. The book will also be of value to seasoned practitioners as a reference on the varying aspects of outcome modeling and their current applications. Features: Covers top-down approaches applying statistical, machine learning, and big data analytics and bottom-up approaches using first principles and multi-scale techniques, including numerical simulations based on Monte Carlo and automata techniques Provides an overview of the available software tools and resources for outcome model development and evaluation, and includes hands-on detailed examples throughout Presents a diverse selection of the common applications of outcome modeling in a wide variety of areas: treatment planning in radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy, utility-based and biomarker applications, particle therapy modeling, oncological surgery, and the design of adaptive and SMART clinical trials

Novel Designs of Early Phase Trials for Cancer Therapeutics

Author : Shivaani Kummar
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 9780128125120
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (251 download)

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Book Synopsis Novel Designs of Early Phase Trials for Cancer Therapeutics by : Shivaani Kummar

Download or read book Novel Designs of Early Phase Trials for Cancer Therapeutics written by Shivaani Kummar and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-05-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Novel Designs of Early Phase Trials for Cancer Therapeutics provides a comprehensive review by leaders in the field of the process of drug development, the integration of molecular profiling, the changes in early phase trial designs, and endpoints to optimally develop a new generation of cancer therapeutics. The book discusses topics such as statistical perspectives on cohort expansions, the role and application of molecular profiling and how to integrate biomarkers in early phase trials. Additionally, it discusses how to incorporate patient reported outcomes in phase one trials. This book is a valuable resource for medical oncologists, basic and translational biomedical scientists, and trainees in oncology and pharmacology who are interested in learning how to improve their research by using early phase trials.