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Crusader Castles In The Holy Land
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Book Synopsis The Crusaders in the Holy Land by : Meron Benvenisti
Download or read book The Crusaders in the Holy Land written by Meron Benvenisti and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Charles River Charles River Editors Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781537497068 Total Pages :58 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (97 download)
Book Synopsis Crusader Castles by : Charles River Charles River Editors
Download or read book Crusader Castles written by Charles River Charles River Editors and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-09-06 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Profiles the various defensive features of castles and the technologies and weapons used by the sides attacking and defending them *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading A series of mountain chains frame the Levantine coast, growing in height as they approach modern-day Lebanon. These provided a natural defense along the important coast, and the few passes through these mountain ranges were the focal points of movement and communication. For this reason, these locations were where many crusader castles were erected. Bristling with fortifications, these impressive structures were occupied by orders of knights that came to the Holy Land with the Pope's blessing, and who have gained a most romantic status over history. These Crusaders were called alFaranj ("Franks") by the Arabs in the Holy Land, reflecting the French origins of many of the knights, even though the knights, soldiers, and pilgrims came to the Holy Land from all over Europe, and in particular from southern Italy, Germany, and England. For the men who built and manned these castles, they were much more than buildings surrounded by stone walls or wooden palisades. They were also more than a headquarters for knights and their armies during battle, or a storehouse for goods in the remoteness of the Levant. These castles were the central focal point for those who held them and those trying to conquer them, and it would not be an exaggeration to claim that castles were the nexus for much activity and conflict within the Holy Lands. At the same time, the castles were filled with the hustle and bustle of activity caused by a wide range of actors even in times of relative peace and stability. Men-at-arms were the soldiers who manned the castle, protected the borders of the Crusader States, and followed the orders of their noble knight lords, but the castles also served as a gathering place for skilled craftsmen such as blacksmiths, potters, stone masons, bakers, carpenters, and the like. Many served as religious centers in their own right, containing at least one chapel of either Christian or Muslim faith. The Muslim efforts to reclaim and rule the Levant were just as important and interesting as those of the Crusaders. Initially led by the atabegs of Aleppo, and later by the renowned Saladin (known also as Salah EdDin), various Muslim forces took and retook the Holy City of Jerusalem. The cycle of conflicts between the Crusader states and the Muslim armies was disrupted in 1260 CE when the Mongols, having roved without obstruction across Eurasia, invaded the region with the support of the Armenians and some of the Crusader States. However, they were eventually defeated by the mighty Mamelukes of Egypt, who in turn focused their attention on consolidating their control over the Near East and eradicating the European presence in the region. Finally, in 1302 CE the Mamelukes conquered the last Crusader stronghold at Arwad, leaving one last remaining Crusader state - the Kingdom of Cyprus, which held out until it was invaded by the Ottomans in 1571 CE. Crusader Castles: The History of the Medieval Castles Built in the Holy Lands during the Crusades examines the construction of the castles, daily life inside of them, and the fighting over them during the Crusades. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about Crusader castles like never before."
Download or read book Crusader Castles written by Robin Fedden and published by London : J. Murray. This book was released on 1957 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Unknown Crusader Castles by : Kristian Molin
Download or read book Unknown Crusader Castles written by Kristian Molin and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2001-04-01 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The capture of Jerusalem by the First Crusade in 1099 signalled the beginning of an armed struggle in Palestine and throughout the Eastern Mediterranean which lasted until the 15th century. It was a war dominated by the building, securing and besieging of castles rather than by pitched battles. Kristian Molin covers the military history of the crusades on a wider geographical scale than previous historians, taking in Armenia, Cyprus and Greece as well as the Holy Land. He also shows the role of castles as administrative, judicial and social centres in times of peace as well as in war. "Unknown Crusader Castles" provides a fresh perspective on the history of the crusades.
Book Synopsis Crusader Castles in the Holy Land 1097–1192 by : David Nicolle
Download or read book Crusader Castles in the Holy Land 1097–1192 written by David Nicolle and published by Osprey Publishing. This book was released on 2004-07-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Crusaders that landed in the Middle East in the late-11th century brought with them their own traditions of military architecture, but it was not long before their defensive construction began to reflect a broad array of local influences. Most early Crusader structures were relatively small, and tended to increase the existing natural and defensive features of a site. The basic forms comprised freestanding towers, castra, and hilltop and spur-castles, but urban centres, religious sites and rural dwellings were also fortified. From the 1160s, bigger, stronger and more expensive castles began to appear, in response to developments in Islamic siege weaponry. This title examines the early fortifications erected by the Crusaders in modern-day Israel, the Palestinian territories, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria and south-eastern Turkey.
Book Synopsis Crusader Castles in the Holy Land 1192–1302 by : David Nicolle
Download or read book Crusader Castles in the Holy Land 1192–1302 written by David Nicolle and published by Osprey Publishing. This book was released on 2005-07-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The debacle of the Second Crusade in 1148 caused the Crusader States to realise the necessity of developing a more cautious strategy. The original expansionist spirit largely disappeared, and the Crusader States made priorities of strengthening their existing fortifications and towns and building new castles. These structures encompassed core aspects of Western European military architecture with the integration of rapidly developing Arab and Islamic traditions. Following Fortress 21: 'Crusader Castles in the Holy Land 1097–1192', this book examines the design, development and defensive principles of some of the best-known Crusader fortifications and castles, including Crac des Chevaliers, Castel Blanc, Arsuf, Margat, Atlit, Montfort and Acre.
Book Synopsis Crusader Castles in the Holy Land by : David Nicolle
Download or read book Crusader Castles in the Holy Land written by David Nicolle and published by Osprey Publishing. This book was released on 2008-11-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The bloody crusades that swept across the Middle East in medieval times left their mark on the landscape, where fortifications which once acted as bastions of power for the beleaguered Crusader States now cast their ruined shadows over the earth. These fortifications varied considerably in size, architecture and function from the mighty Crac de Chevaliers, the headquarters of the Knights Hospitaller in Syria to smaller fortified dwellings and religious centers. With almost constant warfare between Crusaders and Saracens they were vitally important both as centers of defense and bases for the launch of offensive operations. Citadels of Christendom is a beautifully illustrated guide to the development, construction, purpose and history of these castles. Examining the castles built in the Holy Land between 1097 and 1302 as well as the castles built in Cyprus, Greece and the Aegean between 1191 and 1571, this book provides a rare overview of the history and notably the evolution of fortresses and defenses during the Crusades. Contemporary photographs and the latest research resurrect these imposing reminders of over two centuries of conflict.
Download or read book Crusader Castles written by Hugh Kennedy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A general illustrated account of the history and architecture of Crusader castles.
Download or read book Crusader Castles written by Brian Hoggard and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Looks at the costs, construction, builders, and renovations of fortresses created by the Crusaders occupying the Middle East.
Download or read book Crusader Castles written by Hugh Kennedy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-01-15 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a general account of the history and architecture of Crusader castles in the Kingdom of Jerusalem, County of Tripoli and Principality of Antioch between 1099 and 1291, the years during which the Crusaders had a permanent presence on the Levantine coast. Extensive use is made of contemporary chronicles to show the reasons why castles were built and how they were used in peace and war. The book is fully illustrated by photographs, drawings and plans, and contains a comprehensive bibliography.
Book Synopsis Crusader Castles in Cyprus, Greece and the Aegean 1191–1571 by : David Nicolle
Download or read book Crusader Castles in Cyprus, Greece and the Aegean 1191–1571 written by David Nicolle and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-05-20 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The castles built by the Crusaders, Hospitallers, Venetians and Genoese in Cyprus, Greece, the Aegean, and on the Black Sea served to defend against a complex array of constantly changing threats: Mamluks, Catalan mercenaries, Ottoman Turks, Byzantines, independent Islamic states, Timur-i-Lenk, and widespread piracy, to name but few. The resulting fortifications some inherited from conquered the territories of the former Byzantine empire, some built from scratch were very different to those found in the Middle East. This superbly illustrated book explores their design, development and fate in detail, documenting the rich architectural heritage of this region and its complex history.
Download or read book Crusader Castles written by Robin Fedden and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Crusader Art in the Holy Land, From the Third Crusade to the Fall of Acre by : Jaroslav Folda
Download or read book Crusader Art in the Holy Land, From the Third Crusade to the Fall of Acre written by Jaroslav Folda and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-09-05 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Book Synopsis Belmont Castle by : Richard P. Harper
Download or read book Belmont Castle written by Richard P. Harper and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2000 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the final definitive publication of the excavations that were conducted by the British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem on the site of the Crusader castle of Belmont (Suba), in the Judaean hills west of Jerusalem, between 1986 and 1989. The excavations and associated documentary research indicate that Belmont began its existence as a manor house or maison-forte in the first half of the twelfth century; at that time it probably represented the country seat of a fief-holding knight on the royal domain. By the 1140s, however, the areain which Belmont lay had been acquired by the Hospital of St John, which subsequently developed nearby Abu Ghosh (identified as biblical Emmaus) as the centre for an extensive estate. Following the Hospitallers takeover, while another former maison-forte, Aqua Bella, was converted into a priory orinfirmary building, Belmont was extended and developed as a concentric castle, dominating the landscape round about. A polygonal outer ward was added to the original rectangular maison-forte on the top of the hill, and ranges of vaulted buildings were constructed within it. This castle fell toSaladin in 1187, and was slighted by the Ayyubids in 1191. After this, the site was occupied by a village until 1948. The account of the excavation is preceded by a historical introduction and a discussion of the castles archaeological setting. It is followed by specialist reports on the coins and tokens, pottery, ceramic lamps, Persian seal impressions, glass, metalwork, clay tobacco pipes, and objects of stone,bone and terracotta. A detailed analysis and discussion is provided of the faunal remains; and a concluding chapter discusses the castles architecture and planning, its military functions, and its economic role within an agricultural estate that developed in the the later twelfth century to producefood and revenue for the Hospital in Jerusalem.
Book Synopsis Knights of the Holy Land by : Silvia Rozenberg
Download or read book Knights of the Holy Land written by Silvia Rozenberg and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Crusader Castles and Modern Histories by : Ronnie Ellenblum
Download or read book Crusader Castles and Modern Histories written by Ronnie Ellenblum and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-01-04 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the last 150 years the historiography of the Crusades has been dominated by nationalist and colonialist discourses in Europe and the Levant. These modern histories have interpreted the Crusades in terms of dichotomous camps, Frankish and Muslim. In this revisionist study, Ronnie Ellenblum presents an interpretation of Crusader historiography that instead defines military and architectural relations between the Franks, local Christians, Muslims and Turks in terms of continuous dialogue and mutual influence. Through close analysis of siege tactics, defensive strategies and the structure and distribution of Crusader castles, Ellenblum relates patterns of crusader settlement to their environment and demonstrates the influence of opposing cultures on tactics and fortifications. He argues that fortifications were often built according to economic and geographic considerations rather than for strategic reasons or to protect illusory 'frontiers', and that Crusader castles are the most evident expression of a cultural dialogue between east and west.
Book Synopsis Living in a Crusader Land by : R. J. Unstead
Download or read book Living in a Crusader Land written by R. J. Unstead and published by Addison Wesley Publishing Company. This book was released on 1973-09 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: About Crusaders, this book tells why men went to fight in the Holy Land, how they fought and the way in which they lived in the Crusader states.