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Critiquing Human Error
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Book Synopsis Critiquing Human Error by : Barry G. Silverman
Download or read book Critiquing Human Error written by Barry G. Silverman and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides design guidelines for producing successful expert critiquing systems and presents COPE, a critic research testbed. It also unifies the two traditions in the study of human expertise which have been directed towards reducing expert error and judgement bias.
Book Synopsis Human Error, Safety and Systems Development by : Philippe Palanque
Download or read book Human Error, Safety and Systems Development written by Philippe Palanque and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-07-27 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent accidents in a range of industries have increased concern over the design, development, management and control of safety-critical systems. Attention has now focused upon the role of human error both in the development and in the operation of complex processes. Human Error, Safety and Systems Development gathers contributions from practitioners and researchers presenting and discussing leading edge techniques that can be used to mitigate the impact of error (both system and human) on safety-critical systems. Some of these contributions can be easily integrated into existing systems engineering practices while others provide a more theoretical and fundamental perspective on the issues raised by these kinds of interactive systems. More precisely the contributions cover the following themes: –Techniques for incident and accident analysis; –Empirical studies of operator behaviour in safety-critical systems; –Observational studies of safety-critical systems; –Risk assessment techniques for interactive systems; –Safety-related interface design, development and testing; –Formal description techniques for the design and development of safety-critical interactive systems. Many diverse sectors are covered, including but not limited to aviation, maritime and the other transportation industries, the healthcare industry, process and power generation and military applications. This volume contains 20 original and significant contributions addressing these critical questions. The papers were presented at the 7th IFIP Working Group 13.5 Working Conference on Human Error, Safety and Systems Development, which was held in August 2004 in conjunction with the 18th IFIP World Computer Congress in Toulouse, France, and sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP).
Book Synopsis Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM) by : E. Hollnagel
Download or read book Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM) written by E. Hollnagel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-01-23 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing dependence of working environments on complex technology has created many challenges and lead to a large number of accidents. Although the quality of organization and management within the work environment plays an important role in these accidents, the significance of individual human action (as a direct cause and as a mitigating factor) is undeniable. This has created a need for new, integrated approaches to accident analysis and risk assessment.This book detailing the use of CREAM is, therefore, both timely and useful. It presents an error taxonomy which integrates individual, technological and organizational factors based on cognitive engineering principles. In addition to the necessary theoretical foundation, it provides a step-by-step description of how the taxonomy can be applied to analyse as well as predict performance using a context-dependent cognitive model.CREAM can be used as a second-generation human reliability analysis (HRA) approach in probabilistic safety assessment (PSA), as a stand-alone method for accident analysis and as part of a larger design method for interactive systems. In particular, the use of CREAM will enable system designers and risk analysts to: • identify tasks that require human cognition and therefore depend on cognitive reliability • determine the conditions where cognitive reliability and ensuing risk may be reduced • provide an appraisal of the consequences of human performance on system safety which can be used in PSA.
Book Synopsis Culture And Critique by : Jere Paul Surber
Download or read book Culture And Critique written by Jere Paul Surber and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject of this book is the various explicit and particular critical conceptions of and articulations about culture that have influenced our common understanding of ourselves and our societies. It provides an introduction to cultural studies in terms of economic and political power.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Technology by : Allen Kent
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Technology written by Allen Kent and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-08-31 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This comprehensive reference work provides immediate, fingertip access to state-of-the-art technology in nearly 700 self-contained articles written by over 900 international authorities. Each article in the Encyclopedia features current developments and trends in computers, software, vendors, and applications...extensive bibliographies of leading figures in the field, such as Samuel Alexander, John von Neumann, and Norbert Wiener...and in-depth analysis of future directions."
Book Synopsis Integrated Systems Engineering by : G. Johannsen
Download or read book Integrated Systems Engineering written by G. Johannsen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-23 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A key solution for present and future technological problems is an integration systems approach. The challenging cross-discipline of integrated systems engineering is, perhaps, more easily accepted and implemented in the organizational structures of industries than in academia. The opportunity for both sides, leading researchers and industrial practitioners, in this field to exchange ideas, concepts and solutions has been provided at the IFAC symposia on integrated systems engineering. This postprint volume contains all those papers which were presented at the symposia, including the three plenary papers and the papers of the case study session as well as the summaries of the three discussion sessions.
Book Synopsis Debugging by Thinking by : Robert C. Metzger
Download or read book Debugging by Thinking written by Robert C. Metzger and published by Digital Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Debugging by Thinking: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach is the first book to apply the wisdom of six disciplines-logic, mathematics, psychology, safety analysis, computer science, and engineering-to the problem of debugging. It uses the methods of literary detectives such as Sherlock Holmes, the techniques of mathematical problem solving, the results of research into the cognitive psychology of human error, the root cause analyses of safety experts, the compiler analyses of computer science, and the processes of modern engineering to define a systematic approach to identifying and correcting software errors. * Language Independent Methods: Examples are given in Java and C++ * Complete source code shows actual bugs, rather than contrived examples * Examples are accessible with no more knowledge than a course in Data Structures and Algorithms requires * A "thought process diary" shows how the author actually resolved the problems as they occurred
Book Synopsis Responsible Librarianship by : David Bade
Download or read book Responsible Librarianship written by David Bade and published by Library Juice Press, LLC. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These papers examine library policies and organizational structures in light of the literature of ergonomics, high reliability organizations, joint cognitive systems and integrational linguistics. Bade argues that many policies and structures have been designed and implemented on the basis of assumptions about technical possibilities, ignoring entirely the political dimensions of local determination of goals and purposes as well as the lessons from ergonomics, such as the recognition that people are the primary agents of reliability in all technical systems. Because libraries are understood to be loci of human interaction and communication rather than purely technical systems at the disposal of an abstract user, Bade insists on looking at problems of meaning and communication in the construction and use of the library catalog. Looking at various policies for metadata creation and the results of those policies forces the question: is there a responsible human being behind the library web site and catalog, or have we abandoned the responsibilities of thinking and judgment in favor of procedures, algorithms and machines?
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309377722 Total Pages :473 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (93 download)
Book Synopsis Improving Diagnosis in Health Care by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Improving Diagnosis in Health Care written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-12-29 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Getting the right diagnosis is a key aspect of health care - it provides an explanation of a patient's health problem and informs subsequent health care decisions. The diagnostic process is a complex, collaborative activity that involves clinical reasoning and information gathering to determine a patient's health problem. According to Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, diagnostic errors-inaccurate or delayed diagnoses-persist throughout all settings of care and continue to harm an unacceptable number of patients. It is likely that most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences. Diagnostic errors may cause harm to patients by preventing or delaying appropriate treatment, providing unnecessary or harmful treatment, or resulting in psychological or financial repercussions. The committee concluded that improving the diagnostic process is not only possible, but also represents a moral, professional, and public health imperative. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, a continuation of the landmark Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human (2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001), finds that diagnosis-and, in particular, the occurrence of diagnostic errorsâ€"has been largely unappreciated in efforts to improve the quality and safety of health care. Without a dedicated focus on improving diagnosis, diagnostic errors will likely worsen as the delivery of health care and the diagnostic process continue to increase in complexity. Just as the diagnostic process is a collaborative activity, improving diagnosis will require collaboration and a widespread commitment to change among health care professionals, health care organizations, patients and their families, researchers, and policy makers. The recommendations of Improving Diagnosis in Health Care contribute to the growing momentum for change in this crucial area of health care quality and safety.
Book Synopsis SOFSEM 2001: Theory and Practice of Informatics by : Leszek Pacholski
Download or read book SOFSEM 2001: Theory and Practice of Informatics written by Leszek Pacholski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-11-07 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 28th Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Informatics, SOFSEM 2001, held in Piestany, Slovak Republic, in November/December 2001. Teh volume presents 12 invited lectures and one keynote paper by leading researchers together with 18 revised full research papers selected from 46 submissions. The papers span the whole range of informatics with emphasis on trends in informatics, enabling technologies for global computing, and practical systems engineering.
Book Synopsis The Occupational Ergonomics Handbook by : Waldemar Karwowski
Download or read book The Occupational Ergonomics Handbook written by Waldemar Karwowski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1998-12-18 with total page 2092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Occupational ergonomics and safety studies the application of human behavior, abilities, limitations, and other characteristics to the design, testing, and evaluation of tools, machines, systems, tasks, jobs, and environments for productive, safe, comfortable, and effective use. Occupational Ergonomics Handbook provides current, comprehensive knowledge in this broad field, providing essential, state-of-the-art information from nearly 150 international leaders of this discipline. The text assesses the knowledge and expertise applied to industrial environments: Providing engineering guidelines for redesigning tools, machines, and work layouts Evaluating the demands placed on workers by current jobs Simulating alternative work methods Determining the potential for reducing physical job demands based on the implementation of new methods Topics also include: Fundamental ergonomic design principles at work Work-related musculoskeletal injuries, such as cumulative trauma to the upper extremity (CTDs) and low back disorders (LBDs), which affect several million workers each year with total costs exceeding $100 billion annually Current knowledge used for minimizing human suffering, potential for occupational disability, and related worker's compensation costs Working conditions under which musculoskeletal injuries might occur Engineering design measures for eliminating or reducing known job-risk factors Optimal manufacturing processes regarding human perceptual and cognitive abilities as well as task reliability Identifying the worker population affected by adverse conditions Early medical and work intervention efforts Economics of an ergonomics maintenance program Ergonomics as an essential cost to doing business Ergonomics intervention includes design for manufacturability, total quality management, and work organization. Occupational Ergonomics Handbook demonstrates how ergonomics serves as a vital component for the activities of the company and enables an advantageous cooperation between management and labor. This new handbook serves a broad segment of industrial practitioners, including industrial and manufacturing engineers; managers; plant supervisors and ergonomics professionals; researchers and students from academia, business, and government; human factors and safety specialists; physical therapists; cognitive and work psychologists; sociologists; and human-computer communications specialists.
Book Synopsis Occupational Ergonomics by : Waldemar Karwowski
Download or read book Occupational Ergonomics written by Waldemar Karwowski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-03-26 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Occupational Ergonomics: Principles of Work Design focuses on the fundamentals in ergonomics design and evaluation. Divided into two parts, Part I covers the background for the discipline and profession of ergonomics and offers an international perspective on ergonomics. Part II describes the foundations of ergonomics knowledge, including fundament
Download or read book KADS written by Guus Schreiber and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1993-05-05 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: KADS is a structured methodology for the development of knowledge based systems which has been adopted throughout the world by academic and industrial professionals alike. KADS approaches development as a modeling activity. Two key characteristics of KADS are the use of multiple models to cope with the complexity of knowledge engineering and the use of knowledge-level descriptions as an immediate model between system design and expertise data. The result is that KADS enables effective KBS construction by building a computational model of desired behavior for a particular problem domain. KADS contains three section: the Theoretical Basis of KADS, Languages and Tools, and Applications. Together they form a comprehensive sourcebook of the how and why of the KADS methodology. KADS will be required reading for all academic and industrial professionals concerned with building knowledge-based systems. It will also be a valuable source for students of knowledge acquisition and KBS. * SPECIAL FEATURES: * KADS is the most widely used commercial structured methodology for KBS development in Europe and is becoming one of the few significant AI exports to the US. * Describes KADS from its Theoretical Basis, through Language and Tool Developments, to real Applications.
Book Synopsis A Critique of Postcolonial Reason by : Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak
Download or read book A Critique of Postcolonial Reason written by Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1999-06-28 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are the “culture wars” over? When did they begin? What is their relationship to gender struggle and the dynamics of class? In her first full treatment of postcolonial studies, a field that she helped define, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, one of the world’s foremost literary theorists, poses these questions from within the postcolonial enclave. “We cannot merely continue to act out the part of Caliban,” Spivak writes; and her book is an attempt to understand and describe a more responsible role for the postcolonial critic. A Critique of Postcolonial Reason tracks the figure of the “native informant” through various cultural practices—philosophy, history, literature—to suggest that it emerges as the metropolitan hybrid. The book addresses feminists, philosophers, critics, and interventionist intellectuals, as they unite and divide. It ranges from Kant’s analytic of the sublime to child labor in Bangladesh. Throughout, the notion of a Third World interloper as the pure victim of a colonialist oppressor emerges as sharply suspect: the mud we sling at certain seemingly overbearing ancestors such as Marx and Kant may be the very ground we stand on. A major critical work, Spivak’s book redefines and repositions the postcolonial critic, leading her through transnational cultural studies into considerations of globality.
Book Synopsis Critique of Instrumental Reason by : Max Horkheimer
Download or read book Critique of Instrumental Reason written by Max Horkheimer and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2014-09-24 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These essays, written between 1949 and 1967, focus on a single theme: the triumph in the twentieth century of the state-bureaucratic apparatus and ‘instrumental reason’ and the concomitant liquidation of the individual and the basic social institutions and relationships associated with the individual.
Author :Arantza Diaz de Ilarraza Sanchez Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9783540614913 Total Pages :498 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (149 download)
Book Synopsis Computer Aided Learning and Instruction in Science and Engineering by : Arantza Diaz de Ilarraza Sanchez
Download or read book Computer Aided Learning and Instruction in Science and Engineering written by Arantza Diaz de Ilarraza Sanchez and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1996-07-01 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Computer Aided Learning and Instruction in Science and Engineering, CALICSE '96, held in San Sebastián, Spain in July 1996. The 42 revised full papers presented in the book were selected from a total of 134 submissions; also included are the abstracts of full papers of four invited talks and 17 poster presentations. The papers are organized in topical sections on learning environments: modelling and design, authoring and development tools and techniques, CAL in distance learning, multimedia and hypermedia in CAL, and applications in science and engineering.
Book Synopsis Decision Making in Complex Environments by : Jan Noyes
Download or read book Decision Making in Complex Environments written by Jan Noyes and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many complex systems in civil and military operations are highly automated with the intention of supporting human performance in difficult cognitive tasks. The complex systems can involve teams or individuals working on real-time supervisory control, command or information management tasks where a number of constraints must be satisfied. Decision Making in Complex Environments addresses the role of the human, the technology and the processes in complex socio-technical and technological systems. The aim of the book is to apply a multi-disciplinary perspective to the examination of the human factors in complex decision making. It contains more than 30 contributions on key subjects such as military human factors, team decision making issues, situation awareness, and technology support. In addition to the major application area of military human factors there are chapters on business, medical, governmental and aeronautical decision making. The book provides a unique blend of expertise from psychology, human factors, industry, commercial environments, the military, computer science, organizational psychology and training that should be valuable to academics and practitioners alike.
